7/2/2015Dixon High School Fire Department1 The Recruit will also practice and master certain skills...
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Transcript of 7/2/2015Dixon High School Fire Department1 The Recruit will also practice and master certain skills...
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 1
The Recruit will also practice and master certain skills and will be tested on these skills. At the end of each subject there will be a quiz over the material that was taught. The firefighter is responsible for studying the material and practicing the skills.
Introduction
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 2
Ventilation
References
IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition
IFSTA Essentials of Fire Fighting Fifth Edition Fire Fighter I & II Presentations
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 3
Ventilation
The systematic removal and replacement of heated air, smoke, and gasses from a structure with cooler air.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 4
Ventilation
From the earliest time, man has recognized that heated air, gases, and smoke rise.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 5
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 6
Ventilation
Types of Ventilation• Vertical ventilation• Horizontal Ventilation• Forced Ventilation
– Mechanical Positive-Pressure– Mechanical Negative-Pressure– Hydraulic
• Built-In Ventilation Systems
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 7
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 8
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 9
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 10
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 11
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 12
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 13
Ventilation
Advantages an effects of ventilation.
• Rescue Operations
• Fire Attack
• Property Conservation
• Fire Spread
• Reduction of Flashover Potential
• Reduction of Backdraft Potential
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 14
Ventilation
• Saving Lives– Aiding rescue operations– Reducing Flashover Potential– Reducing Backdraft Potential
• Suppressing Fire– aiding attack and extinguishment– Controlling fire spread
• Reducing Damage– Enabling property conservation
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 15
Ventilation
Effects
• Defiantly visibility
• Cooler Air
• Fresh Air
• Control of the Fire
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 16
Ventilation
Dangers
&
Precautions
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 17
Ventilation
Backdraft
When sufficient heat is confined in an area, the temperature of combustible materials rise to their ignition points. These materials will not ignite. However, unless sufficient oxygen is available to support combustion. In this situation, a very dangerous condition exists because the admittance of an air supply is all that is needed to explosively change the superheated area into an instant inferno.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 18
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 19
Ventilation
The primary type of ventilation to prevent a backdraft is vertical ventilation.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 20
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 21
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 22
Ventilation
What life safety hazards are likely to be found in an unventilated burning structure in which smoke and gases have accumulated?
• Obscurity caused by dense smoke
• Presence of toxic gases
• Lack of oxygen
• Presence of flammable gases
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 23
Ventilation
• Danger of Backdraft
• Danger of Flahover and Rollover
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 24
Ventilation
What building factors aid the firefighter in determining whether to use horizontal or vertical ventilation?
• Building type and design
• Number and size of wall openings
• Number of stories
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 25
Ventilation
• Number of staircases, shafts, dumbwaiters, ducts, roof openings
• Availability of exterior fire escape
• Exposure involvement.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 26
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 27
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 28
Ventilation
• Problems with windowless buildings.– Adversely affect fire fighting and ventilation
ops.– Ventilation may by delayed, allowing the fire to
gain headway or to create backdraft conditions.– Usually require mechanical ventilation for
smoke removal.– May be able to use mechanical ventilation and
built-in ventilation systems.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 29
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 30
Ventilation
That completes the self study portion of the class. Now you, the student, will watch the video Essentials of Firefighting Ventilation located in the 2nd top draw on the right side of the T.V. in the Dayroom. After the video come back to the computer and take the quiz.
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 31
Ventilation
Quiz
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 32
Quiz
1. The systematic removal and replacement of heated air, smoke, and gasses from a structure with cooler air is the definition of
A. Ventilation
B. Wind
C. Smoke column
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 33
Quiz
2. Which of the following is not a type of ventilation?
A. Vertical
B. Force
C. Built in
D. Geographical
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 34
Quiz
3. The primary type of ventilation to prevent a backdraft is
A. Geographical
B. Natural
C. Vertical
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 35
Quiz
4. When performing Hydraulic Forced Ventilation how much of the window opening should be covered?
A. 25-30%
B. 85-90%
C. 100%
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 36
Quiz
5. When sufficient heat is confined in an area, the temperature of combustible materials rise to their ignition points. These materials will not ignite. However, unless sufficient oxygen is available to support combustion. In this situation, a very dangerous condition exists because the admittance of an air supply is all that is needed to explosively change the superheated area into an instant inferno is the definition of
A. Backdraft
B. Flashover
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 37
Quiz
6. Which of the following is not an advantage of effective ventilation?
A. Reduce potential of Backdraft
B. Rescue operations
C. Make a pretty hole
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 38
Quiz
7. What size should the hole in roof at least be in vertical ventilation?
A. 4’x4’
B. 6’x6’
C. 10’x10’
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 39
Quiz
8. Puffing smoke, hot unbroken glass, and hot walls are signs of what?
A. Flashover
B. Backdraft
C. Curling iron was left on
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 40
Quiz
9. When looking at building factors for ventilation what should you look for?
A. Color of building
B. Location of out houses
C. Number of stories
D. None of the above
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04/19/23 Dixon High School Fire Department 41
Quiz
10. Using a electrical fan to suck smoke from a structure is called what?
A. Positive Pressure Ventilation
B. Sucking smoke ventilation
C. Fan Ventilation
D. None of the above