7 Fixed Mobile Convergence IMS

7/27/2019 7 Fixed Mobile Convergence IMS

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7. Fixed and mobile convergence and transition

to IMS platform

7.1. Common remarks and definitions7.2. FMC motivations

7.3. FMC service architecture

7.4. FMC and UMTS

7.5. FMC and IN solutions7.6. FMC and IMS platform


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7.1. Common remarks and definitions In competitive markets - operators main challenges - new market

opportunities/comprehensive solutions and services

Convergence of fixed and mobile networks for what?

Fixed network operators - mobility enhances the service portfolio leading toan improved service differentiation strategy

Mobile network operators - fixed network allows the carrier to become a full

service provider

Fixed-Mobile Convergencecovers two main aspects: infrastructure and

services. Infrastructure aspect deals with the capability of different

network elements: switches, Intelligent Network (IN), or NGN, and

Telecommunication Management Network (TMN) or Customer Care and

Billing System (CC&BS) to support fixed or mobile applications.

Services aspect is related to the different fixed-mobile convergence

services that can be proposed to users (residential or professional

subscribers).


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Infrastructure convergence

Access

Fixed access

Satellite

Cellular

Cordless

Wireless Local Loop

Core Network

Same look and feel

of personalised

services

Common

service provider

N-ISDN

GSM

Internet


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Infrastructure convergence

OA&M, Customer Care and Billing

GSM node(MSC)

PSTN/ISDNnode

SSF

SMP

HLR

SCP

SCE

User environment

Access

network

Core

network

Service

platform

Combi-node

Broadbandnode

SSF

SSF

InternetServer

ESP

Copper

FiberCoax

Cellular

WLL

Cordless

Satellite

= UMTS radio interface possible

SCE Service Creation Environment SMP Service Management PointSCP Service Control Point SSF Service Switching Function

ESP External Service Point

SCE Service Creation Point

SCP Service Control Point

SMP Service Management Point

SSP Service Switching Point

SSF Service Switching Function


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Service convergence


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MobileCommunications

FixedCommunications

CS

PSMultimedia Communications

Service convergence


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The combination of fixed and mobile networks- Fixed Mobile

Convergence (FMC)

# Any combination of mobile and fixed access, voice, video and data services

decrease operational costs by using common resources - transport, OA&M

# FMC implementation leads to a new market with unique list of services and

high revenue potential

Fixed-Mobile Convergence allows network and service operators to make more

efficient use of existing access technologies (GSM, DSL, Wi-Fi), as well as

taking an advantage of the roll-out of new access technologies such as 2.5/3G,

WLAN, Bluetooth, Wi-Max UMA, etc, by launching new voice & multimedia

services and realizing cost reductions by implementing common servicemachinery for different access networks.


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Fixed-Mobile Convergence allows users to connect to

complementary access networks, buy and use a wider

range of personalized services using fewer terminal

devices. The primary device will be portable and for

most applications it will be a multi-radio device,

supporting voice and multimedia services.

Users can be contacted with a single numberindependent of the network connection. The target of

convergence is to enable easy implementation for the

operator and service provider, and easy usage of

services for end users. This will enable true mobilityfor users in both the residential and business

environment.


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Statistics for mobile and fixed networks

#According ITU a number of global wireless phone subscribers exceeded thenumber

of wireline subscribers in 2002

# In 2005 worldwide projections are for about 1.2 billion wireline subscribers and

almost 2 billion wireless subscribers

# Wireline subscribers annual growth estimated at 2% and wireless growth at 10%# While mobile phone operators have seen phenomenal growth in their market,

competition has eroded their average revenue per user

ARPU

Europe - Euro 14 35

USA - Euro 34Japan - Euro 60


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Definition of FMC

The following definition of FMC is based on the ETSI FMC ad hoc

workgroup docs:

Fixed and Mobile Convergence (FMC) is concerned with the provision of

network and service capabilities, which are independent of the access

technique. This does not necessarily imply the physical convergence of

networks. It is concerned with the development of converged networkcapabilities and supporting standards. This set of standards may be used to

offer a set of consistent services via fixed or mobile access to fixed or

mobile, public or private networks.

An important feature of FMC is to allow users to access a consistent set of

services from any fixed or mobile terminal via any compatible access point.

An important extension of this principle is related to roaming: users should

be able to roam between different networks and be able to use the same

consistent set of services through those visited networks. This feature is

referred to as the Virtual Home Environment(VHE).


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7.2. FMC motivations

Customer motivations more mobility with required list of services# The FMC greatest benefits - for the end-user

# Mobility of people and the need to communicate on the move are increased and

therefore the demand for mobile communications

# Conventional fixed networks continue to serve the home or the office

# Wide range of services within a uniform network and mobile connection is most

important

# Low costs and quality standards regarding reliability, security, etc.

Three aspects of mobility - terminal/service/personal mobility:

Terminal mobility allows the customer the use of his (personal) terminal, e.g. his

telephone at any place, at home, in the office or en route even abroad

Service mobilityprovides for the customer an invariable set of services independentof the access type and location. The services should have the same look and feel even

in different networks

Personal mobility means reachability in the sense, that the customer is reachable

with one number, his personal number, everywhere. He can define several reachability

profiles (private, office) and he can change his profiles, especially the terminal where hewants his calls to arrive, on line from any terminal


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7.2. FMC motivations (Cntd)

Operator motivations better position on the market increasingrevenue, gaining new users

#FMC can be understood as a marketing strategy to attract new customers by

launching new innovative products

# Offering customized set of attractive services: (VPN, VHE, )

# IN Services developed in fixed networks - Call Forwarding, Personal Number

# Services developed in mobile networks - Prepaid Service, SMS

# Investment cost saving (HW/SW for billing, IN equipment,)

# Operational cost savings (common OAM processes, common numbering plan,)


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7.3. FMC service architecture


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7.4. FMC and UMTS

UMTS characteristics in relation to FMC

The following UMTS characteristics can be identified as potential

enablers for FMC:

A. UMTS service capabilities

B. UMTS radio interface applicability to a wide range of application

environments

C. FMC application scenarios in relation to UMTS


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A. UMTS service capabilities

The service capabilities associated with UMTS networks will provide the same

service portfolio as ISDN and packet data networks. To allow for the multimedia

services support the following requirements have been set in UMTS technical

specifications:

High speed data bearers (urban/suburban at least with 384 kbit/s for users

moving at 120km/h; indoor at least with 2Mbps for users moving at 10km/h), both

for circuit and packet data

Multiple QoS classes for packet data (still to be defined)

Multiple media components during one and the same call

Add/delete resources and parties in multi-party calls


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B. UMTS radio interface applicability to a wide range

of application environments

UMTS terrestrial radio interface (UTRA)

The UMTS terrestrial radio interface UTRA provides the W-CDMA mode and the

TD-CDMA mode

The W-CDMA mode - for public macro- and micro-cell environments and pairedspectrum allocations and for data rates up to 2 Mbit/s

The TD-CDMA mode - for public micro- and pico-cell environments, for

unlicensed cordless and public wireless local loops, unpaired spectrum allocations

and for data rates up to 2 Mbit/s (asymmetric traffic)


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C. FMC application scenarios in relation to UMTS

Main target of FMC - roaming in fixed and mobile networks and seamless handover

between different networks (fixed/cellular/wireless)

1. UMTS Cordless Access - connection of cordless telephones with UMTSradio interface

UMTS users roaming between home cell and the public cellular network

Single number and access to the converged services in both environments Personal and terminal mobility is offered between private and public networks.

2. Fixed access personal mobility with UMTS/USIM card A subset of UMTS services may be offered via wireline terminals

The subscriber uses the USIM (User Service Identity Module) card to get access tothese services

FMC building blocks extend the UMTS virtual home environment of the cellular

network to the fixed network


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3. FMC and Virtual Home Environment (VHE)

Motivation UMTS concept - customers get services anytime, independent of the accesstechnology and the core network

UMTS aims to provide to the user a comprehensive set of services, features

and tools, which have the same look and feel whether they are used at home

or abroad

Virtual Home Environment (VHE) - ETSI concept - a system concept for

service portability across network borders

Relation of VHE concept and FMC concept:- VHE allows a service provider (incl. fixed or mobile network operator) to

offer services independent of the core network and access; seamlessservices

both in the fixed and the mobile network


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The CAMEL-based VHE solution

The GSM solution for transparent service availability at a visitedcellular network is based on the concept of the Customized

Applications for Mobile Enhanced Logic(CAMEL). The CAMEL concept allows for a VHE encompassing a

subscribers home mobile network and any visited mobilenetwork that has a CAMEL roaming agreement with the home

network. Thus the mobile subscriber when roaming in a visitednetwork can use the (non-standardized) IN services subscribedin his home network.

To achieve this, the Mobile Switching Centers (MSCs) of thevisited networks can communicate directly with the home

networks Switching Control Point(SCP) by means of acompletely standardized INAP protocol - theCAMELApplication Part (CAP). The SCP is inquired for call controlguidance during incoming and outgoing calls.


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The CAMEL-based VHE solution The conditions for triggering the SCP are administered in theHome

Location register (HLR) and are downloaded to the Visited Location

Register (VLR) when the subscriber roams between location areas. Inaddition, the Mobile Application Part(MAP) protocol applied between SCP

and HLR allows for the SCP to request subscriber status and location

information in order to assist the service logic programs in deciding how

the call should be further progressed (Any Time Interrogation

procedure).

Because the visited network is transparent for the service execution, this

scenario is also referred service tunneling or service remote execution.

However, in some cases the visited network may not be able to support

the desired service or the storage and execution of the appropriate data.

The GSM CAMEL VHE mechanism is adapted to UMTS. Hereby thefunctional network model of GSM CAMEL will be kept, but the used

protocols MAP and CAP between the network entities are modified in

order to support new UMTS capabilities.


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7.6. FMC and IN solutions

Common IN platform for both networks provides following features:

support of new access technologies for network operators, service

providers, companies and end-users;

IN-supported number conversion between fixed and mobile networks;

IN-controlled creation of individual billing records for flexible and simple

billing; expenses are reduced due to the use of a single infrastructure for

both networks.

Only standardized interfaces are used for the broadest range of network

elements from various manufacturers:

MAP (Mobile Application Part) - to localize mobile subscribers,

INAP (Intelligent Network Application Part) to communicate between IN

systems and the base networks.


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Person al Number (PN)

The "Personal Number Service" means that the customer is available round the

clock at a single personal phone number, regardless of whether located in a fixed

or a mobile network. User-specific profiles managed by the user define whose calls

shall get through, when and where. Also, incoming calls can be diverted to a single

mailbox.

Fixed Mob ile Convergence and Virtual Private Netwo rk (FMC-VPN)

The VPN under FMC conditions offers a series of improved performance

features for fixed and mobile networks in form of an extended version of classic

VPN service (= defined user group with access to the short numbers for theindividual members and special rates). For example, the same short number can

be used both on the mobile device and on the device connected at the fixed

connection. Separate billing of private and business calls makes the invoice easy

to read for the company and their staff. This service is suitable when combined with

individual rate systems especially for companies with various locations, fixed

and mobile personnel and temporary staff.


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Friend s & Fam ily (F&F)

This service allows the end-user to define several telephone numbers that enjoy

lower rates. The F&F list may contain the numbers of business partners, family

members or friends who are called frequently, whereby special rates are valid for

both the fixed and the mobile network. The end-user can easily administer these

preferred numbers via a fixed network telephone, his mobile phone or the Internet.

Prepaid Service (PPS)

PPS was created for those customers who would rather not bind themselves by

long-term contracts to any one fixed or mobile network operator, but who also do

not want to lose the added value of integrated fixed and mobile networks. Thisservice allows customers to communicate via fixed terminals or mobile phones and

they will be charged to one single account paid in advance. The account balance is

constantly kept up-to-date. The customer has clear control of his communications

expenses through checking his account balance and through the various ways of

renewing the account by individually defined amounts of money.


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7.6. FMC and network evolution to the IMS platform

IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS) is a new framework, basically specified for

mobile networks, for providing Internet Protocol (IP) telecommunications

services.

It has been introduced by the Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) in

two phases (release 5 and release 6) for Universal Mobile Telecommunications

System (UMTS) networks. An IP multimedia framework was later introduced

by 3GPP2 as the MultiMedia Domain (MMD) for third generation Code Division

Multiple Access 2000 (CDMA2000) networks.


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Concept of the IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)

The IP Multimedia Subsystemis an open, standardized, NGN multi-media

architecture for mobile and fixed IP-based services. It's a VoIPimplementation based on a 3GPP variant of SIP, and runs over the

standard Internet protocol. It's used by Telcos in NGN networks (which

combine voice and data in a single packet switched network), to offer network

controlled multimedia services.

The aim of IMS is not only to provide new services but to provide all the

services, current and future, that the Internet provides. In addition, users

have to be able to execute all their services when roaming as well as

from their home networks. To achieve these goals the IMS uses open

standard IP protocols, defined by the IETF.


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IMS concept (Cntd.)

So, a multi-media session between 2 IMS users,

between an IMS user and a user on the Internet,and between 2 users on the Internet is established

using exactly the same protocol. Moreover, the

interfaces for service developers are also based inIP protocols. This is why the IMS truly merges the

Internet with the cellular world; it uses cellular

technologies to provide ubiquitous access andInternet technologies to provide appealing services.


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IMS concept (Cntd.)

The IMS concept was introduced to address the following network and userrequirements:

Deliver person-to-person real-time IP-based multimedia communications

(e.g. voice or video telephony) as well as person-to-machine communications

(e.g. gaming service).

Fully integrate real-time with non-real-time multimedia communications

(e.g. live streaming and chat).

Enable different services and applications to interact (e.g. combined use

of presence and instant messaging).

Easy user setup of multiple services in a single session or multiple

simultaneous synchronized sessions.

IMS l i i


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IMS solution overview

Source: Alcatel


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History of IMS

IMS first appeared in release 5 of the evolution from 2G to 3Gnetworks for W-CDMA networks (UMTS), when SIP-basedmultimedia domain was added to NGN networks. Support forolder GSM and GPRS networks is also provided.

In 3GPP release 6, interworking with WLAN was added.

3GPP release 7 adds support for fixed networks, together withTISPAN* R1.

"Early IMS" is defined for IPv4 networks, and provides amigration path to IPv6

TISPAN - Telecoms & Internet converged Services & Protocols for Advanced Networks

(ETSI)


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Evolution of UMTS Technical Specifications to Release 5

(Rel5) of the 3GPP Transition to IMS

Release 1999 (R99) in April 1999 - the initial standards for UMTS were

completed by 3GPP. These standards are the basis for a majority of the

current commercially deployed UMTS systems

Release 4 (Rel4) in April 2001 was standardized in 3GPP, which provided

some improvements of the UMTS transport, radio interface and architecture.

Rel5 of UMTS was completed in March 2002 - next significant evolution phase

of UMTS. UMTS Rel5 will provide higher speed wireless data services with

vastly improved spectral efficiencies through the High Speed Downlink PacketAccess (HSDPA) feature.


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Release 5 (Rel5) of the 3GPPHigh Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) offers significantly higher

data capacity and data user speeds on the downlink (theoretically up to 14

Mbps peak) compared to R99 UMTS through the use of very dynamic adaptive

modulation, coding and scheduling with Hybrid Automatic Retransmission

Request (H-ARQ) processing.

Through HSDPA, operators will benefit from a technology that will provideimproved end-user experience forWeb access, file download and streaming

Services,Wireless Broadband access to the Internet, intranet and corporate

LAN will benefit greatly from HSDPA.


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Release 5 (Rel5) of the 3GPP (Cntd.)

In addition to HSDPA, UMTS Rel5 introduces the IP Multimedia System

(IMS) architecture that promises to greatly enhance the end-user experiencefor Integrated multimedia applications and offer the mobile operator an

efficient means for offering such services.

The IMS enables new and more advanced multimedia applications for

operators (including VoIP), the ability for these services to interact and the

ability to fully integrate real-time, near real-time as well as non-real time

services.

UMTS Rel5 also introduces the IP UTRAN concept to realize network

efficiencies and reduce network costs. IP UTRAN uses IP as a transport

protocol to realize network efficiencies that reduce the cost of delivering

traffic and can provide wireless traffic routing flexibility.


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FMC based on IMS configuration


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SIP based session management

7 Fixed Mobile Convergence IMS

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