Chapter 7Chapter 7

ResourcesResources

Natural ResourcesNatural Resourcessection 7-1 H.W pg 184 ques 1-4section 7-1 H.W pg 184 ques 1-4

A natural resource is a thing that A natural resource is a thing that is found in nature that living is found in nature that living things use.things use.

Some examples are vegetables Some examples are vegetables that organisms use for food.that organisms use for food.

Trees and minerals that we use to Trees and minerals that we use to make lumber, plastics, and make lumber, plastics, and metals that can be used to build metals that can be used to build houses, cds and even gasoline.houses, cds and even gasoline.

Renewable Natural Renewable Natural resourcesresources

These natural resources are These natural resources are considered to be renewable considered to be renewable resources.resources.

A renewable resources are one that A renewable resources are one that can be replaced by nature of by can be replaced by nature of by humans in a relatively short time.humans in a relatively short time.

A relatively short time is defined as A relatively short time is defined as one human lifetime.one human lifetime.

Some examples are the Sun, water, Some examples are the Sun, water, and wind.and wind.

Renewable Natural Renewable Natural resourcesresources Solar energy is energy from the sun that Solar energy is energy from the sun that

can be used in two ways: passively or can be used in two ways: passively or actively.actively.

Solar energy is passively used when the Solar energy is passively used when the sun heats up wind or water and that water sun heats up wind or water and that water and wind is circulated to warm the area and wind is circulated to warm the area around it.around it.

We actively use solar energy by trapping We actively use solar energy by trapping the energy of the sun in what is called the energy of the sun in what is called cells. cells.

These cells trap the suns energy and turn These cells trap the suns energy and turn it into electricity. They were originally it into electricity. They were originally created to generate electricity for created to generate electricity for satellites.satellites.

We can find solar cells today, in We can find solar cells today, in calculators, streetlights, and some calculators, streetlights, and some experimental cars.experimental cars.

Solar cellsSolar cells

Disadvantages of Solar Disadvantages of Solar energyenergy

Although solar energy is clean and Although solar energy is clean and inexhaustible, there are some downfalls of inexhaustible, there are some downfalls of solar energy.solar energy.

It doesn’t work well on cloudy days, and is It doesn’t work well on cloudy days, and is useless at night.useless at night.

Some systems of solar energy use Some systems of solar energy use batteries to store the energy for the night batteries to store the energy for the night time, but it is difficult to store large time, but it is difficult to store large amounts of energy in these batteries.amounts of energy in these batteries.

Also, these batteries could cause pollution Also, these batteries could cause pollution if not discarded properly.if not discarded properly.

Energy from WindEnergy from Wind Wind is an excellent source of Wind is an excellent source of

energy. For centuries we have used energy. For centuries we have used wind to power sail boats and ships.wind to power sail boats and ships.

People have even used the wind to People have even used the wind to power windmills that are used to do power windmills that are used to do various things like grinding corn, various things like grinding corn, pump water or creating electricity.pump water or creating electricity.

When we put a large amount of When we put a large amount of windmills in one place in order to windmills in one place in order to generate electricity, it is called a generate electricity, it is called a wind farm.wind farm.

Wind FarmWind Farm

Wind EnergyWind Energy

Wind energy is nonpolluting, free and Wind energy is nonpolluting, free and causes no waste material.causes no waste material.

Some problems are: 1) There are only Some problems are: 1) There are only some places on Earth that have strong some places on Earth that have strong enough winds to generate electricity.enough winds to generate electricity.

2) Wind is not steady. Sometimes it doesn’t 2) Wind is not steady. Sometimes it doesn’t blow hard enough or it could stop entirely.blow hard enough or it could stop entirely.

For a place to use wind as energy, it would For a place to use wind as energy, it would have to have wind that is persistent and have to have wind that is persistent and strong enough.strong enough.

Energy from waterEnergy from water

Running water was used to harness Running water was used to harness energy, with the use of waterwheels, in energy, with the use of waterwheels, in the past.the past.

Today, we generate hydroelectric energy Today, we generate hydroelectric energy with the use of dams and turbines.with the use of dams and turbines.

Dams are built to hold large amounts of Dams are built to hold large amounts of water back. When some of the water is water back. When some of the water is released it rushes through and forces released it rushes through and forces turbines to turn and create electricity.turbines to turn and create electricity.

Water EnergyWater Energy

It might seem that hydroelectric It might seem that hydroelectric energy is very environmentally safe. energy is very environmentally safe. But is not as safe as you think.But is not as safe as you think.

The building of dams causes upstream The building of dams causes upstream lakes to fill with sediments and lakes to fill with sediments and downstream lakes begin to erode.downstream lakes begin to erode.

Also, the land above the dam becomes Also, the land above the dam becomes flooded and wildlife in that area are flooded and wildlife in that area are heavily effected.heavily effected.

Turbines and DamsTurbines and Dams

Nonrenewable Nonrenewable ResourcesResources Not all natural resources are as plentiful Not all natural resources are as plentiful

as the sun, waster and the wind.as the sun, waster and the wind. Some natural resources that we use are Some natural resources that we use are

not able to be replaced for millions of not able to be replaced for millions of years.years.

This causes a big problem because if we This causes a big problem because if we use resources faster than they can be use resources faster than they can be replaced than we will eventually run out replaced than we will eventually run out of them all together.of them all together.

Some examples of these nonrenewable Some examples of these nonrenewable resources are oil, natural gas, and coal. resources are oil, natural gas, and coal.

Nonrenewable Nonrenewable ResourcesResources When we mine for coal, oil, and natural When we mine for coal, oil, and natural

gas, we do so in order to either burn gas, we do so in order to either burn them or use them to make other them or use them to make other substances, in order to get energy.substances, in order to get energy.

Energy is the ability to cause change, Energy is the ability to cause change, and rely heavily on these and rely heavily on these nonrenewable resources as sources of nonrenewable resources as sources of energy for heating homes, electricity, energy for heating homes, electricity, and gasoline for our automobiles.and gasoline for our automobiles.

Nonrenewable Nonrenewable ResourcesResources It is very important that the world tries to It is very important that the world tries to

find another way to create energy.find another way to create energy. Its important because we only have Its important because we only have

enough coal, oil and natural gas for about enough coal, oil and natural gas for about the next 200 years.the next 200 years.

This might seem like a long time from This might seem like a long time from now, but your grandchildren and their now, but your grandchildren and their children will be effected greatly if we children will be effected greatly if we don’t find a better way to produce don’t find a better way to produce energy.energy.

People and the People and the environment.environment.Section 7-2 H.W. pg 194 ques. 1-4Section 7-2 H.W. pg 194 ques. 1-4 People have a great impact on our People have a great impact on our

environment. And its not always a environment. And its not always a good impact.good impact.

Every day we cut down millions of Every day we cut down millions of trees so we can use them for our trees so we can use them for our various needs like paper production, various needs like paper production, and for the building of homes.and for the building of homes.

When we cut down all of these trees When we cut down all of these trees we are destroying ecosystems that are we are destroying ecosystems that are filled with millions of organisms.filled with millions of organisms.

When we destroy these ecosystems When we destroy these ecosystems we could in turn destroy all of the we could in turn destroy all of the organisms in that ecosystem.organisms in that ecosystem.

What type of organisms might live in a What type of organisms might live in a forest ecosystem? And how would they forest ecosystem? And how would they be affected?be affected?

People and the People and the environment.environment. Cutting down trees doesn’t just Cutting down trees doesn’t just

destroy homes of millions of destroy homes of millions of organisms.organisms.

People, in the process of cutting People, in the process of cutting down trees, could severely pollute down trees, could severely pollute the surrounding environment the surrounding environment (Water, air, land), with the use of (Water, air, land), with the use of big machinery.big machinery.

People and the People and the environment.environment.

Besides destroying trees, every time we Besides destroying trees, every time we build a new mall or a hotel, or house build a new mall or a hotel, or house we are taking up space.we are taking up space.

And if we continue to build on top of land And if we continue to build on top of land like we do we are limiting the amount like we do we are limiting the amount of space for organisms to use.of space for organisms to use.

If we destroy a forest to build an If we destroy a forest to build an apartment complex we force animals apartment complex we force animals and other organism to go else where and other organism to go else where for shelter, and this disrupts the for shelter, and this disrupts the balance of an ecosystem greatly.balance of an ecosystem greatly.

People and the People and the environment.environment.

To minimize this, there have been To minimize this, there have been laws passed to protect the laws passed to protect the mindless destruction of habitats mindless destruction of habitats for our use.for our use.

Land must now be studied to Land must now be studied to determine how much impact determine how much impact construction will have on the construction will have on the living things in that ecosystem.living things in that ecosystem.

Landfills Landfills A landfill is an area where garbage is A landfill is an area where garbage is

deposited, and they effect the deposited, and they effect the environment greatly.environment greatly.

Many of the things that we throw away Many of the things that we throw away are harmless to the environment, but are harmless to the environment, but some things, like batteries, paints and some things, like batteries, paints and household cleaners that end up in household cleaners that end up in landfills, leak into and pollute the landfills, leak into and pollute the surrounding soil and could eventually surrounding soil and could eventually leak into oceans and streams.leak into oceans and streams.

These things are called pollutants, These things are called pollutants, which is anything that can harm living which is anything that can harm living things by interfering with their life things by interfering with their life processes.processes.

If these pollutants get into water If these pollutants get into water supplies and are eaten, they could supplies and are eaten, they could cause health issues.cause health issues.

Our impact on WaterOur impact on Water We know that we depend heavily on We know that we depend heavily on

water for our life processes. We can water for our life processes. We can live for 3 weeks without food but only 3 live for 3 weeks without food but only 3 days without water.days without water.

Everyday activities like cleaning the Everyday activities like cleaning the kitchen floor can pollute our water kitchen floor can pollute our water supply.supply.

When you mix cleaners like pinesol When you mix cleaners like pinesol with water to clean the floor and then with water to clean the floor and then pour in down the drain in the sink when pour in down the drain in the sink when your done, you can pollute the water your done, you can pollute the water supply that you drink and shower with.supply that you drink and shower with.

If you take it outside and pour it in the If you take it outside and pour it in the street or in the grass, it will find its way street or in the grass, it will find its way into the water supply by either getting into the water supply by either getting into the soil or going down a sewer.into the soil or going down a sewer.

How to clean our waterHow to clean our water

We clean up our water by setting We clean up our water by setting up water treatment plants.up water treatment plants.

These water treatment plants These water treatment plants clean water by boiling it and clean water by boiling it and adding harmless chemicals, like adding harmless chemicals, like chlorine, to it to remove any chlorine, to it to remove any impurities and harmful impurities and harmful substances from it.substances from it.

Our impact on AirOur impact on Air Living in New York you know that some Living in New York you know that some

days the air is not as clean as it should be.days the air is not as clean as it should be. We pollute the air in many ways. Every We pollute the air in many ways. Every

time we use our cars we burn gasoline time we use our cars we burn gasoline which pollutes the air.which pollutes the air.

Every power plant that burns coal and oil Every power plant that burns coal and oil to produce your electricity in your home, to produce your electricity in your home, releases harmful fumes into the air and releases harmful fumes into the air and destroys the ozone layer.destroys the ozone layer.

These harmful fumes from the burning of These harmful fumes from the burning of gas, oil, and gasoline harms ecosystems gas, oil, and gasoline harms ecosystems by killing living organisms, like trees and by killing living organisms, like trees and even humans with diseases like lung even humans with diseases like lung cancer.cancer.

Cleaning the AirCleaning the Air

The best way to clean the air is to cut The best way to clean the air is to cut back on pollutants we release into the back on pollutants we release into the air.air.

Our cars today are much more Our cars today are much more environmentally friendly than cars of the environmentally friendly than cars of the past.past.

Governments are also trying to find ways Governments are also trying to find ways to reduce the amount of pollutants that to reduce the amount of pollutants that are released into the air by factories.are released into the air by factories.

Recycling WasteRecycling Waste

Solid waste is anything that is thrown Solid waste is anything that is thrown away in a solid or near solid form.away in a solid or near solid form.

80% of our waste comes from paper 80% of our waste comes from paper products. If we can cut down on our products. If we can cut down on our waste we can improve our environment.waste we can improve our environment.

One way to do that is to recycle, or One way to do that is to recycle, or taking a material that has been used taking a material that has been used already and change it into another form already and change it into another form and use it again.and use it again.