6th gen processor

6th Gen Intel Processor 2015 - 2016

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 What is a Computer?

A computer is an electronic device that takes input such as numbers, text, sound, image,

animations, video, etc., processes it, and converts it into meaningful information that

could be understood, presenting the changed input (processed input) as output. All

numbers, text, sound, images, animations, and video used as input are called data, and all

numbers, text, sound, images, animations, and video returned as output are called

information.

The data consists of numbers, text, sound, images, animations, and video.

The process converts numbers, text, sound, images, animations, and video (data) into

usable data, which is called information.

The information consists of numbers, text, sound, images, animations, and video that

has been converted by the process.

The data is inserted using an input device.

The central processing unit (CPU) converts data to information.

The information is put on an output device.

A storage device is an apparatus for storing data and information. A basic computer

consists of 4 components: an input device, a CPU, output devices, and memory.

1.2 WHAT IS PROCESSOR?

So what is the processor? Well in the simplest of terms, it’s your computers brain. The

processor tells your computer what to do and when to do it, it decides which tasks are

more important and prioritizes them to your computers needs.

Fig 1.1:- Processor

E&C Dept., NCET, Bangalore


There is and has been many processors on the market, running at many different speeds.

The speed is measured in Megahertz or MHz. A single MHz is a calculation of 1 million

cycles per second (or computer instructions), so if you have a processor running at 2000

MHz, then your computer is running at 2000,000,000 cycles per second, which in more

basic terms is the amount of instructions your computer can carry out. Another important

abbreviation is Gigahertz or GHz. A single GHz or 1 GHz is the same as 1000 MHz.

Sounds a bit confusing, so here is a simple conversion:

1000 MHz (Megahertz) = 1GHz (Gigahertz) = 1000,000,000 Cycles per second (or

computer instructions).

Now you can see why they abbreviate it, could you imagine going to a PC store and

asking for a one thousand million cycle PC please. A bit of a mouth full isn’t it?

So when buying a new computer always look for fastest you can afford. The fastest on the

market at the time of writing this article is 3.8 GHz (3800 MHz). Remember though that

it is not necessary to purchase such a fast processor, balance your needs, do you really

need top of the range? Especially when the difference say between a 3.5 GHz (3500

MHz) and a 3.8 GHz (3800 MHz) processor will be barely noticed (if noticed at all) by

you, while the price difference is around £100. With the money you save you could get a

nice printer and scanner package.

Now that we have covered the speeds, there is one more important subject to cover.

Which processor? There are 3 competitors at present, the AMD Athlon, Intel Pentium and

the Intel Celeron. They come in many guises, but basically the more cores they have and

the higher the speed means better and faster.

Processors now come as dual core, triple core and quad core. These processors are the

equivalent of running two cpu's (Dual core), three CPU's ( Triple core) or four (Quad

core).

In the past Intel Pentium the best and most expensive of them all, and remains today one

of the most popular on the market. In layman’s terms it is/was the designer processor,

although AMD have some superb if not better releases and equally highly priced and

advanced products. It would be hard to say which is best as they are direct competitors.



1.3 TYPES OF PROCESSOR.

Since the 1970s, Intel has offered several families of increasingly sophisticated processors

for business computing. Each processor forms the heart of a computer system, carrying

out arithmetic and logical operations and accessing digital memory storage at speeds up

to billions of operations per second. Since the late 1990s, Intel has turned to processors

with multiple cores to handle greater workloads and more sophisticated software.

1.3.1 Intel AtomIntel designed its Atom processor family for netbooks and other mobile devices; its

modest power consumption conserves battery life. The processor continues Intel's

tradition of compatibility with earlier x86-type processors such as the Pentium 4 and Core

Duo, allowing the Atom to run the same software such as Microsoft Windows and Linux.

Different Atom models run at speeds from 600 MHz to 2 GHz and consume 1.3 to 10

watts of power.

1.3.2 Intel ItaniumThe Itanium represents a rare departure from compatibility with other Intel processors.

Developed in conjunction with Hewlett-Packard in the 1990s and intended as a "next-

generation" technology for demanding applications, the chip's complexity proved to be a

burden for software developers. Intel has steadily improved the design and produces the

current version, the "Itanium 2," which HP alone uses in its high-end servers. The chip

has a pair of 16KB Level 1 cache memories, 1MB of Level 2 and 6MB of Level 3 cache.

The cache keeps recently used data in a hierarchy of on-chip memory storage areas,

maximizing the processor's efficiency.

1.3.3 Intel XeonHigh-performance workstations and servers use Intel's Xeon processor. As with most of

Intel's microprocessors, the Xeon is compatible with the x86 instruction set, supporting

mainstream software such as Microsoft Windows and the Oracle database manager.

Xeon's design incorporates advances such as multiple cores and Hyper-threading to keep

several processes active at the same time. The chip has other performance enhancements,

including a pair of 64KB cache memory units for data and instructions.



1.3.4 Intel Core i3

Intel intended the Core i3 as the new low end of the performance processor line

from Intel, following the retirement of the Core 2 brand.

The first Core i3 processors were launched on January 7, 2010.

The first Nehalem based Core i3 was Clarkdale-based, with an integrated GPU and two

cores. The same processor is also available as Core i5 and Pentium, with slightly different

configurations.

The Core i3-3xxM processors are based on Arrandale, the mobile version of the Clarkdale

desktop processor. They are similar to the Core i5-4xx series but running at lower clock

speeds and without Turbo Boost. According to an Intel FAQ they do not support Error

Correction Code (ECC) memory. According to motherboard manufacturer Super micro, if

a Core i3 processor is used with a server chipset platform such as Intel 3400/3420/3450,

the CPU supports ECC with UDIMM. When asked, Intel confirmed that, although the

Intel 5 series chipset supports non-ECC memory only with the Core i5 or i3 processors,

using those processors on a motherboard with 3400 series chipsets it supports the ECC

function of ECC memory. A limited number of motherboards by other companies also

support ECC with Intel Core ix processors; the Asus P8B WS is an example, but it does

not support ECC memory under Windows non-server operating systems.

1.3.5 Intel Core i5

The first Core i5 using the Nehalem micro architecture was introduced on September 8,

2009, as a mainstream variant of the earlier Core i7, the Lynnfield core. Lynnfield Core i5

processors have an 8 MB L3 cache, a DMI bus running at 2.5 GT/s and support for dual-

channel DDR3-800/1066/1333 memory and have Hyper-threading disabled. The same

processors with different sets of features (Hyper-Threading and other clock frequencies)

enabled are sold as Core i7-8xx and Xeon 3400-series processors, which should not be

confused with high-end Core i7-9xx and Xeon 3500-series processors based

on Bloomfield. A new feature called Turbo Boost Technology was introduced which

maximizes speed for demanding applications, dynamically accelerating performance to

match the workload.

The Core i5-5xx mobile processors are named Arrandale and based on the 32 nm

Westmere shrink of the Nehalem micro architecture. Arrandale processors have



integrated graphics capability but only two processor cores. They were released in

January 2010, together with Core i7-6xx and Core i3-3xx processors based on the same

chip. The L3 cache in Core i5-5xx processors is reduced to 3 MB, while the Core i5-6xx

uses the full cache and the Core i3-3xx does not support for Turbo Boost. Clarkdale, the

desktop version of Arrandale, is sold as Core i5-6xx, along with related Core i3 and

Pentium brands. It has Hyper-Threading enabled and the full 4 MB L3 cache.

According to Intel "Core i5 desktop processors and desktop boards typically do not

support ECC memory", but information on limited ECC support in the Core i3 section

also applies to Core i5 and i7.

1.3.6. Intel Core i7

Intel Core i7 as an Intel brand name applies to several families of desktop and laptop 64-

bit x86-64 processors using the Nehalem, Westmere, Sandy Bridge, Ivy Bridge, Haswell,

Broadwell and Skylake micro architectures. The Core i7 brand targets the business and

high-end consumer markets for both desktop and laptop computers, and is distinguished

from the Core i3 (entry-level consumer), Core i5 (mainstream consumer),

and Xeon (server and workstation) brands.

Intel introduced the Core i7 name with the Nehalem-based Bloomfield Quad-core

processor in late 2008. In 2009 new Core i7 models based on the Lynnfield(Nehalem-

based) desktop quad-core processor and the Clarks field (Nehalem-based) quad-core

mobile were added, and models based on the Arrandale dual-core mobile processor (also

Nehalem-based) were added in January 2010. The first six-core processor in the Core

line-up is the Nehalem-based Gulf town, which was launched on March 16, 2010. Both

the regular Core i7 and the Extreme Edition are advertised as five stars in the Intel

Processor Rating.

In each of the first three microarchitecture generations of the brand, Core i7 has family

members using two distinct system-level architectures, and therefore two distinct sockets

(for example, LGA 1156 and LGA 1366 with Nehalem). "Core i7" is a successor to

the Intel Core 2 brand. Intel representatives stated that they intend the moniker Core i7 to

help consumers decide which processor to purchase as Intel releases newer Nehalem-

based products in the future



CHAPTER 3

HISTORY OF GENERATIONS

3.1 First Generation (1940-1956) Vacuum Tubes

The first computers used vacuum tubes for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory, and

were often enormous, taking up entire rooms. They were very expensive to operate and in

addition to using a great deal of electricity, the first computers generated a lot of heat,

which was often the cause of malfunctions.

First generation computers relied on machine language, the lowest-level programming

language understood by computers, to perform operations, and they could only solve one

problem at a time, and it could take days or weeks to set-up a new problem. Input was

based on punched cards and paper tape, and output was displayed on printouts.

The UNIVAC and ENIAC computers are examples of first-generation computing

devices. The UNIVAC was the first commercial computer delivered to a business client,

the U.S. Census Bureau in 1951.

Fig 3.1:- First Generation Computer



3.2 Second Generation (1956-1963) Transistors

Transistors replace vacuum tubes and ushered in the second generation of computers. The

transistor was invented in 1947 but did not see widespread use in computers until the late

1950s. The transistor was far superior to the vacuum tube, allowing computers to become

smaller, faster, cheaper, more energy-efficient and more reliable than their first-

generation predecessors.

Though the transistor still generated a great deal of heat that subjected the computer to

damage, it was a vast improvement over the vacuum tube. Second-generation computers

still relied on punched cards for input and printouts for output.

Second-generation computers moved from cryptic binary machine language to symbolic,

or assembly, languages, which allowed programmers to specify instructions in

words. High-level programming languages were also being developed at this time, such

as early versions of COBOL and FORTRAN. These were also the first computers that

stored their instructions in their memory, which moved from a magnetic drum to

magnetic core technology.

80286 introduced in 1982

Released also 80287 coprocessor which was identical to 8087 (with some small

compatibility changes that failed on synchronization)

Protected mode of execution, improved DMA, increased speed, versions for

laptop computers.

Some of advantages

– 24bit address bus, allowing to address 16MB of memory.

– First ones worked with 6MHz to reach later up to 25MHz

– Did not require cooling fan

– Just 4.5 cycles average per instruction

Disadvantages

– Couldn’t switch back from protected mode to real mode.

– Addressing was not used, as at the moment hardly any PC had more than 1MB

of memory

– Didn’t cooperate well with math coprocessor (orvice-versa)



3.3 Third Generation (1964-1971) Integrated Circuits

The period of third generation was 1964-1971. The computers of third generation used

integrated circuits (IC's) in place of transistors. A single IC has many transistors, resistors

and capacitors along with the associated circuitry. The IC was invented by Jack Kilby.

This development made computers smaller in size, reliable and efficient. In this

generation remote processing, time-sharing, multi-programming operating system were

used. High-level languages (FORTRAN-II TO IV, COBOL, PASCAL PL/1, BASIC,

ALGOL-68 etc.) were used during this generation.

Fig 3.2:- Third Gen computer

The main features of third generation are:

IC used

More reliable in comparison to previous two generations

Smaller size

Generated less heat

Faster

Lesser maintenance

Still costly

Consumed lesser electricity

Supported high-level language



Some computers of this generation were:

IBM-360 series

Honeywell-6000 series

PDP(Personal Data Processor)

IBM-370/168

TDC-316

3.4 Fourth Generation (1971-Present) Microprocessors

The period of fourth generation was 1971-1980. The computers of fourth generation used

Very Large Scale Integrated (VLSI) circuits. VLSI circuits having about 5000 transistors

and other circuit elements and their associated circuits on a single chip made it possible to

have microcomputers of fourth generation. Fourth generation computers became more

powerful, compact, reliable, and affordable. As a result, it gave rise to personal computer

(PC) revolution. In this generation time sharing, real time, networks, distributed operating

system were used. All the high-level languages like C, C++, DBASE etc., were used in

this generation.

Fig 3.3:- Fourth Gen Computer



The main features of fourth generation are:

VLSI technology used

Very cheap

Portable and reliable

Use of PC's

Very small size

Pipeline processing

No A.C. needed

Concept of internet was introduced

Great developments in the fields of networks

Computers became easily available

3.5 Fifth Generation Artificial Intelligence

The period of fifth generation is 1980-till date. In the fifth generation, the VLSI

technology became ULSI (Ultra Large Scale Integration) technology, resulting in the

production of microprocessor chips having ten million electronic components. This

generation is based on parallel processing hardware and AI (Artificial Intelligence)

software. AI is an emerging branch in computer science, which interprets means and

method of making computers think like human beings. All the high-level languages like C

and C++, Java, .Net etc., are used in this generation.

Fig 3.4:- Fifth Gen Computer



The main features of fifth generation are:

ULSI technology

Development of true artificial intelligence

Development of Natural language processing

Advancement in Parallel Processing

Advancement in Superconductor technology

More user friendly interfaces with multimedia features

Availability of very powerful and compact computers at cheaper rates

3.6 Sixth Generation

The sixth generation of computer differs from previous generations in terms of size,

processing speed and the complexity of tasks that computers can now perform. Back in

the earliest stages of computing, computers contained vacuum tubes and magnetic drums.

They were large, expensive and could only perform one task at a time. They were also

prone to malfunctions and had the self-destructive inclination to overheat due to the vast

amount of electricity it used and heat it generated.

The main features of fifth generation are:

Less power consumption

High performance, low cost, very compact

Portable note book computer introduce

1960 IBM develops the first automatic mass-production facility for transistors in

New York.

1969 Intel Corporation is founded by Robert Noyce and Gordon Moore.

1972 Intel introduces the 8008 processor on April 1, 1972.



1976 Intel introduces the 8085 processor on March 1976.

1976 The Intel 8086 is introduced June 8, 1976.

1979 The Intel 8088 is released on June 1, 1979.

1982 The Intel 80286 is introduced February 1, 1982

1985 Intel introduces the first 80386 in October 1985.

1993 Intel releases the Pentium processor on March 22 1993. The processor is a

60 MHz processor, incorporates 3.1 million transistors and sells for

$878.00.

1994 Intel releases the second generation of Intel Pentium processors on March

7, 1994

1997 Intel Pentium II is introduced on May 7, 1997.

1998 Intel releases the first Xeon processor, the Pentium II Xeon 400 (512K or

1M Cache, 400 MHz, 100 MHz FSB) in June of 1998.

1999 The Intel Pentium III 500 MHz is released on February 26, 1999.

2003 Intel Pentium M is introduced in March.

2006 Intel releases the Core 2 Duo processor E6320 (4M Cache, 1.86 GHz,

1066 MHz FSB) April 22, 2006.

2008 Intel releases the Core 2 Quad processor Q6600 (8M Cache, 2.40 GHz,

1066 MHz FSB) in January 2007.

Table 3.1 :- History of Processor

CHAPTER 4

SYSTEM ON CHIP

A system on a chip or system on chip (SoC or SOC) is an integrated circuit (IC) that

integrates all components of a computer or otherelectronic system into a single chip. It



may contain digital, analog, mixed-signal, and often radio-frequency functions—all on a

single chipsubstrate. SoCs are very common in the mobile electronics market because of

their low power consumption. A typical application is in the area of embedded systems.

The contrast with a microcontroller is one of degree. Microcontrollers typically have

under 100 KB of RAM (often just a few kilobytes) and often really are single-chip-

systems, whereas the term SoC is typically used for more powerful processors, capable of

running software such as the desktop versions of Windows and Linux, which need

external memory chips (flash, RAM) to be useful, and which are used with various

external peripherals. In short, for larger systems, the term system on a chip is hyperbole,

indicating technical direction more than reality: a high degree of chip integration, leading

toward reduced manufacturing costs, and the production of smaller systems. Many

systems are too complex to fit on just one chip built with a processor optimized for just

one of the system's tasks.

When it is not feasible to construct a SoC for a particular application, an alternative is

a system in package (SiP) comprising a number of chips in a single package. In large

volumes, SoC is believed to be more cost-effective than SiP since it increases the yield of

the fabrication and because its packaging is simpler.

Another option, as seen for example in higher end cell phones is package on

package stacking during board assembly. The SoC chip includes processors and

numerous digital peripherals, and comes in a ball grid package with lower and upper

connections. The lower balls connect to the board and various peripherals, with the upper

balls in a ring holding the memory buses used to access NAND flash and DDR2 RAM.

Memory packages could come from multiple vendors.



Fig 4.1:- System on Chip

A typical SoC consists of:

a microcontroller, microprocessor or digital signal processor (DSP) core

multiprocessor SoCs (MPSoC) having more than one processor core.

memory blocks including a selection of ROM, RAM, EEPROM and flash memory.

timing sources including oscillators and phase-locked loops.

peripherals including counter-timers, real-time timers and power-on reset generators.

external interfaces, including industry standards such as USB, Firewire, Ethernet.

analog interfaces including ADCs and DACs.

voltage regulators and power management circuits.

SoC designs usually consume less power and have a lower cost and higher reliability than

the multi-chip systems that they replace. And with fewer packages in the system,

assembly costs are reduced as well.

However, like most VLSI designs, the total cost is higher for one large chip than for the

same functionality distributed over several smaller chips, because of lower yields and

higher non-recurring engineering costs.



CHAPTER 5

WORKING OF PROCESSOR

5.1 Introduction

what happens when you write a program and then compile it? What is assembler and

what is the basic principle of programming in it? This tutorial should clarify this for you,

it’s not indented to teach you assembly programming itself, but rather give you the

needed basics to understand what’s actually going on under the hood. It also deliberately

simplifies some things, so you’re not overwhelmed by additional information. However, I

assume that you have some knowledge in high level programming (C/C++, Visual Basic,

Python, Pascal, Java, and tons more…).

Also I hope that the more skilled guys will forgive me for simplifying a lot of things here,

my intention was to make the explanation clear and simple for someone who doesn't have

a clue about this topic.

Note: I will be very grateful for any feedback on this. It’s difficult to write explanations

for people who don’t know much about the topic, so I might’ve omitted some important

things or didn’t clarify something enough, so if something is unclear, don’t worry to ask.

5.2 How does the processor (CPU) work?

You might know that the CPU (Central Processing Unit, or simply processor) is the

“brain” of the computer, controlling all other parts of the computer and performing

various calculations and operations with data. But how does it achieve that?

Processor is a circuit that is designed to perform single instructions: actually a whole

series of them, one by one. The instructions to be executed are stored in some memory, in

a PC, it’s the operating memory. Imagine the memory like a large grid of cells. Each cell

can store a small number and each cell has its own unique number – address. The



processor tells the memory address of a cell and the memory responds with the value

(number, but it can represent anything – letters, graphics, sound… everything can be

converted to numerical values) stored in the cell. Of course, the processor can tell the

memory to store a new number in a given cell as well.

Instructions themselves are basically numbers too: each simple operation is assigned its

own unique numeric code. The processor retrieves this number and decides what to do:

for example, number 35 will cause the processor to copy data from one memory cell to

another, number 48 can tell it to add two numbers together, and number 12 can tell it to

perform a simple logical operation called OR.

Which operations are assigned to which numbers is decided by the engineers who design

a given processor, or it’s better to say processor architecture: they decide what number

codes will be assigned to various operations (and of course, they decide other aspects of

the processor, but that’s not relevant now). This set of rules is then called the architecture.

This way, manufactures can create various processors that support a given architecture:

they can differ in speed, power consumption, and price, but they all understand the same

codes as same instructions.

Once the processor completes the action determined by the code (the instruction), it

simply requests the following one and repeats the whole process. Sometimes it can also

decide to jump to different places in the memory, for example to some subroutine

(function) or jump a few cells back to a previous instruction and execute the same

sequence again – basically creating a loop. The sequence of numerical codes that form the

program is called machine code.



CHAPTER 6

COMPONENT OF PROCESSOR

A processor contains the following components,

Control Unit - fetches, decodes, executes instructions.

Arithmetic & Logic Unit - performs arithmetic and logical operations on data.

Registers - fast, on-chip memory inside the CPU, dedicated or general purpose.

Internal Clock - derived directly or indirectly from the system clock

Internal Buses - to connect the components.

Logic Gates - to control the flow of information.

Fig 6.1:- Components of Processor

6.1 Control Unit

The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that

directs operation of the processor. It tells the computer's memory, arithmetic/logic unit

and input and output devices how to respond to a program's instructions.



It directs the operation of the other units by providing timing and control signals.[citation

needed] Most computer resources are managed by the CU. It directs the flow of data

between the CPU and the other devices. John von Neumann included the control unit as

part of the von Neumann architecture. In modern computer designs, the control unit is

typically an internal part of the CPU with its overall role and operation unchanged since

its introduction

6.2 Arithmetic logic unit

An arithmetic logic unit (ALU) is a digital electronic circuit that performs arithmetic

and bitwise logical operations on integer binary numbers. This is in contrast to a floating-

point unit (FPU), which operates on floating point numbers. An ALU is a fundamental

building block of many types of computing circuits, including the central processing

unit (CPU) of computers, FPUs, and graphics processing units (GPUs). A single CPU,

FPU or GPU may contain multiple ALUs.

The inputs to an ALU are the data to be operated on, called operands, and a code

indicating the operation to be performed; the ALU's output is the result of the performed

operation. In many designs, the ALU also exchanges additional information with a status

register, which relates to the result of the current or previous operations.

6.3 Memory Unit

In computing, memory refers to the computer hardware devices used to store information

for immediate use in a computer; it is synonymous with the term "primary storage".

Computer memory operates at a high speed, for example random-access memory(RAM),

as a distinction from storage that provides slow-to-access program and data storage but

offers higher capacities. If needed, contents of the computer memory can be transferred

to secondary storage, through a memory management technique called "virtual memory".

An archaic synonym for memory is store.



CHAPTER 7

CONCEPT OF TICK TOCK FOLLOWED BY INTEL

"Tick-Tock" is a model adopted by chip manufacturer Intel Corporation from 2007 to

follow every microarchitectural change with a die shrink of the process technology. Every

"tick" represents a shrinking of the process technology of the previous microarchitecture

(sometimes introducing new instructions, as with Broadwell, released in late 2014) and

every "tock" designates a new microarchitecture.[1] Every year to 18 months, there is

expected to be one tick or tock.[2] Starting 2014 Intel realized "Refresh" cycles after a tock

in form of a smaller update to the microarchitecture. It's said this is done because of the

expanding times to the next tick.

Fig 7.1 :- Intel’s tick tock model



CHAPTER 8

INTEL 6th Gen PROCESSOR

The 6th Gen Intel Core™ processor family and Intel Xeon processors for mobile

workstations are Intel’s newest wave of 14nm processors. Along with the Intel 100 Series

and Intel CM236 chipsets, they deliver a leap in performance and power effi ciency,

provide stunning visuals, enable the broadest range of designs, and enable amazing user

experiences when paired with Windows 10. These are Intel’s best processors ever, setting

a new standard of computing with 2.5x better productivity performance, 3x longer battery

life, and 30x better 3D graphics performance when compared to a 5-year-old notebook

PC1. The 6th Gen Intel Core processor family is our most scalable processor family ever,

enabling a diverse range of form factors to meet every lifestyle and work style–from

compute sticks, tablets, ultra-thin 2 in 1 detachable and convertibles, sleek Ultrabooks

and clamshell notebooks to All-in-One desktop PCs, mini desktops, workstations and

gaming systems.

The Skylake architecture being used in 6th Gen Intel Core and Intel Xeon processors has

been in development for more than four years, with the goal to deliver high processor and

graphics performance, high-resolution video playback, and seamless responsiveness for

fanless systems with low power usage while retaining the capability to scale up to the

most powerful mobile workstations and enthusiast desktop systems. The result is

immersive experiences with up to 40% better graphics performance2 (versus the previous

generation graphics) and a power-sipping 4K video playback capability. The Skylake

architecture made it possible to realize a stunning improvement in energy efficiency–up

to 60% for some SKUs3–while enabling higher levels of performance.

Fig 8.1:- 6th Gen processor



The Skylake architecture also enabled several firsts, including Intel Xeon processors for

mobile workstations and two new desktop K SKUs, as well as a new mobile K SKU that

have enhanced overclocking through BCLK and DDR4 overclocking. The 6th Gen Intel

Core processor family delivers a new generation of Intel graphics and features designed

to improve performance and battery life while taking full advantage of Windows 10. 6th

Gen Intel Core processors introduce the powerful Intel® 500 Series graphics (including

Intel® HD graphics, Intel® Iris™ graphics, and Intel® Iris™ Pro graphics) as well as

other new features that may include: adaptive performance, modern standby, key feature

integration such as an image signal processor4 and eMMC memory card interface,

support for DirectX 12, Intel® Speed Shift Technology, Thunderbolt™ 3 with USB-C,

and broader scaling across the product family. Intel® Core™ m processors will also now

include the brand levels Intel Core m3, m5 and m7 to provide people with more clarity

and choice in finding the Intel Core m processor device that best suits their specific needs.

8.1 Key benefits of the 6th Gen Intel Core processor

8.1.1 LEAP IN PERFORMANCE. 6th Gen Intel Core and Intel Xeon processors harness the power of Intel’s leading 14nm

process. They were designed from the ground up to take advantage of the latest 3D

transistors allowing for lower power consumption and more transistors for adding

capabilities and enhancing performance, such as graphics and media, while still

delivering great battery life. 6th Gen Intel Core i5 processors compared to previous

generation Intel Core i5 processors deliver up to 60% better compute gen on gen5. In

addition, with Intel® Speed Shift Technology system responsiveness will increase with

20-45% performance improvement.

8.1.2 POWER EFFICIENT. Intel continues to drive battery life improvements, and the 6th Gen Intel Core processor

family and Intel Xeon processors continue to deliver power efficiency savings. With

power management and design improvements, plus the increased efficiency of Intel’s

14nm manufacturing process and a 33% smaller package, Intel® Core™ m processor-

based platforms can be thinner and lighter, with up to 10 hours of battery life7. In

addition, Intel tests show up to 60% lower power consumption for the high-performance



6th Gen Intel Core H-series processors (45W)8, and the benefit is more performance

without sacrificing battery life.

8.1.3 STUNNING VISUALS. New Intel® 500 Series graphics deliver up to 40% better graphics performance9 and 20%

faster 4K transcode10 plus dedicated hardware support for 4K playback enables a great

4K experience at a fraction of the power of previous generation systems. Processor

resources are also freed up so users can interact with the system more smoothly. 6th Gen

Intel Core processors support enhanced game playability including DirectX 12 games that

will run fast on PCs with long battery life and that run efficiently in terms of low

processor utilization.

8.1.4 AMAZING EXPERIENCES. The performance of 6th Gen Intel Core processors enable great user experiences today

and in the future, including no wires, no passwords, and more natural and immersive user

interfaces. When paired with Intel® RealSense™ technology and Windows 10, 6th Gen

Intel Core processors can help remove the hassle of remembering and typing in

passwords. Intel is also introducing the first long-range, world-facing Intel RealSense

Camera (R200) for select 2 in 1 detachables to enable usages like 3D scan and share,

depth capture and measurement, and enhanced photo and video.

8.1.5 BETTER SECURITY.

The Skylake architecture has been designed to enable better security, including Intel®

Software Guard Extensions (Intel® SGX) that can provide an additional level of

hardware-based protection by putting data into a secure container on the platform, and

Intel® Memory Protection Extensions (Intel® MPX) that can help prevent buff er fl ow

attacks. To be fully utilized, Intel SGX and Intel MPX require additional software

capabilities, which will begin to be delivered by the ecosystem later this year.

8.2 Intel has partnered with Microsoft for the best Windows 10

experiences:

Intel has partnered with Microsoft to optimize Windows® 10 experiences on 6th Gen

Intel Core-powered systems and devices. Intel’s platform innovations together with

Windows 10 create new experiences that help people have more secure PCs while



removing the hassle of remembering and typing passwords, manage their lives without

ever having to touch a keyboard and mouse, enjoy stunning 4K video content, and enable

new levels of performance. For example:

Windows Hello and the Intel RealSense Camera (F200) enable a fast, more secure

user authentication and login through advanced facial recognition for a superior,

power-managed userexperience.

Cortana* personal digital assistant with improved speech algorithm tuning, voice

activation capabilities and improvements in microphone, power, latency, and

responsiveness. Additionally, upcoming support for hardware offload for

improved power/performance on 6th Gen Intel Core processors.


6th gen processor

Education

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