69235374 PV Off Grid Design
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Transcript of 69235374 PV Off Grid Design
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Designing a PV System
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Input Data Required For PV SystemInput Data Required For PV System
SizingSizing
The daily or hourly load requirements during aThe daily or hourly load requirements during atypical yeartypical year
The required security of supply, taing intoThe required security of supply, taing intoaccount the !ac"up source, if any#account the !ac"up source, if any#
The mean daily irradiation in the plane of theThe mean daily irradiation in the plane of thearray at the chosen site for e$ery month of aarray at the chosen site for e$ery month of atypical year#typical year#
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Data Required cont%dData Required cont%d
The ma&imum num!er of consecuti$e sunless days lielyThe ma&imum num!er of consecuti$e sunless days lielyto !e e&perienced#to !e e&perienced#
The mean daily am!ient temperature for e$ery month ofThe mean daily am!ient temperature for e$ery month ofa typical year#a typical year#
The estimated cell temperature rise a!o$e am!ient of theThe estimated cell temperature rise a!o$e am!ient of the
modules in the array#modules in the array#
Typical current"$oltage characteristics of the module atTypical current"$oltage characteristics of the module at$arious irradiances#$arious irradiances#
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Data Required cont%dData Required cont%d
The selected D' !us $oltage#The selected D' !us $oltage# The ma&imum allo(a!le depth of discharge ofThe ma&imum allo(a!le depth of discharge of
the !attery#the !attery#
The estimated percentage energy losses in theThe estimated percentage energy losses in the!attery, po(er conditioning equipment and!attery, po(er conditioning equipment andcontrol system#control system#
The estimated losses in the array from moduleThe estimated losses in the array from module
mismatch, ca!les and $oltage drop acrossmismatch, ca!les and $oltage drop across!locing diodes#!locing diodes# The estimated losses from dust and shading#The estimated losses from dust and shading#
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Ty e s o f )a te r i a ls
Single CrystalPolycrystalline
Thin-Film
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*ff"+rid Design
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*ff"+rid Design &le
Step -. Determine the D' /oad#
D' De$ice De$ice 0 1ours of 2 D' 3att"1rs 3atts Daily 4se per Day
Refrigerator 56 78 -,886
/ighting fi&tures -96 8 566
De$ice : -7 ;
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Step 7. Determine the :' /oad, 'on$ert to D'
:' De$ice De$ice 0 1ours of 2 :' 3att"1rs 3atts Daily 4se per Day
De$ice A -B9 5 -,696
Pump ;6 6#9 86
Tele$ision -B9 7 @96
Total :' 3att"hrs=Day -,886Di$ided !y 6#;9 CIn$erter, losses
Total D' 3hrs=Day >A? -,5
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Step @. Determine the Total System /oadTotal D' /oads >:? 7,-@5Total D' /oads >A? -,5
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Step 5. Determine Total PV :rray 'urrent
Total Daily :mp"hr requirement = Design Insolation@;@ :mp"hrs = 9#6 pea solar hrs 2 B5#5 :mps
Insolation Aased on *ptimum Tilt for Season
Step B. Select PV )odule Type
'hoose AP Solar"Solare& )S0"56 module.)a& Po(er 2 56 3 CSTP
)a& 'urrent 2 @#95 :mps)a& Voltage 2 -5#; VoltsEominal *utput Voltage -7 Volts
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Total PV :rray 'urrent = C)odule *perating 'urrent 0C)odule Derate FactorB5#5 :mps = C@#95 :mps=)oduleC6#
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Step --. Determine )inimum Aattery 'apacity
>Total Daily :mp"hr=Day (ith Aatteries CStep 90 Desired Reser$e Time CDays? = Percent of4sa!le Aattery 'apacityC@;@ :mp"hrs=Day 0 @ Days = 6#;6 2 -,8@5 :mp"hrs
Step -7. 'hoose a Aattery
4se an Interstate 47S G -66 Flooded /ead :cid AatteryEominal Voltage 2 5 VoltsRated 'apacity 2 776 :mp"hrs
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Step -@. Determine Eum!er of Aatteries in Parallel
Required Aattery 'apacity CStep -- = 'apacity of
Selected Aattery-,8@5 :mp"hrs = C776 :mp"hrs=Aattery 2 5#9 4se 5 Aatteries
Step -8. Determine Eum!er of Aatteries in Series
Eominal System Voltage = Eominal Aattery Voltage-7 Volts = C5 Volts=Aattery 2 7 Aatteries
Step -9. Determine Total Eum!er of AatteriesEum!er of Aatteries in Parallel 0 Eum!er of Aatteries in Series5 0 7 2 -7 Aatteries
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H
"
H
" "H
@ :-7 V
@ :-7 V @ :
78 V
@ :-7 V
@ :-7 V
H H
" "
H
"5 :-7 V
Series.Voltage is additi$e
Parallel.'urrent is additi$e
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Step -B. 'omplete Aalance of System
a# 'omplete the design !y specifying the.'harge 'ontrollerIn$erter3ire Sizes CAattery (ill ha$e larger gage
due to higher currentsFuses and DisconnectsStand!y +enerator, if neededAattery 'harger, if needed)anual Transfer S(itch, if needed#
Step -5. Determine the need for a Stand!y+enerator to reduce other 'omponents
Cnum!er of )odules and Aatteries# Se$eraliterations may !e necessary to optimize costs#
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d# *!tain permits as required#
!# Determine mounting method.
Roof mount+round mount (ith racs+round mount (ith pole#
c# :ssure proper grounding for safety#
Step -BC'ont#.
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The legance of Simplicity