63498 Lecture 02 Slides

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Today

Key Terms

Internet Navigation Technologies

Web Languages

Web Development Tools

Web Authoring Tools

Web Graphic Tools

Web Programming Tools

Tool Selection Principle

Summary

References

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Web Terminology:

World Wide Web (WWW or W3)

WWW is often confused with the Internet. It is the anotherusage of the Internet. It is on the Internet and linkedtogether through the use of links, or connections, indocuments.

The largest body of computerized data in the world.

Any computer, any operating system an use it

Anybody can do it

Global, Interactive, Dynamic, Cross-platform, Distributed,

Graphical hypertext information system that runs over the

Internet.

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Global,. Wherever you want, whatever you need

Interactive,. Nature of the Web! Links and forms

. Create forms and get the best feedbacks

Dynamic,. Keeps growing. People can update information at any time

Cross-platform,. Can easily access anytime, anywhere, and anyway

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Distributed,. Information takes up an awful a lot space;but it can be distributed thousands of different sites

Graphical,. Fonts, styles, layouts, graphics and text together on the

same screen with the interface easily navigable; jump from

link to link

Hypertext Information System. If you dont know where youre going go with

hypermedia links!

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A URL is commonly associated with a Web Site.

www.bilkent.edu.tr is the URL for Bilkent Universitys Web site.

Most commonly, these sites are located in directories of folders on the

server. Then within this main site, there may be several folders, which

house other sections of the Web site.

For example www.bilkent.edu.tr/staffis the URL for Bilkent Universitys

staff section.

Web Terminology:

Web Sites
http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/staffhttp://www.bilkent.edu.tr/

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When you visit a Web site, you look at pages on the site that contain all

the text, graphics, sound, and video content. Even though a Web page

isnt the same size as format as a printed page!

The word page is used to help us differentiate between pages, folders,

and sites.

Just as many pages and chapters can be within a single book, many pages

and folders can also be within a Web site.

www.bilkent.edu.tr/staff/index.html is the URL for home (entry-splash)

page of Bilkent Universitys staff section.

Web Terminology:

Web Pages
http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/staff/index.html

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A Web browser is a piece of software that runs on your personal computer

and enables you to view Web Pages

They interpret the HTML code and provide a visual layout displayed on the

screen. Many browsers can also be used to check e-mail.

Popular Browsers: MS Internet Explorer, Netscape Navigator

Each company updates its browsers regularly and you can download

from the companys Web site.

The importance of Testing: Most browsers can be easily customized by

users. User can change the preferred text size for Web pages, as well as

fonts and colors.

.::The success of your Web pages is to test, test, test::.

Web Terminology:

Web Browser

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Web Terminology:

Web Server

Every Web site and Web page needs a Web server.

It is a computer running special software that enables it tohost one or more Web sites.

It is always connected to the Internet.

Id like to visit

www.bilkent.edu.tr

Please.

No problem. I have

the files right here.

Web

browser

Web

Server
http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/http://www.bilkent.edu.tr/

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A Hint about a Server

We need to buy a new server. I need to install a new Web

server.

Server: It can be a computer or software!...

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Web Terminology:

HTTP: HyperText Transfer Protocol

The Web server talks with the Web browser through a process,

or protocol, called Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.

The server uses a system of Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension

(MIME) references to determine exactly how to display the content

through HTTP.

Web server

Web browser

MIME They are

Talking!Grammer Instructor!

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Commonly Used Web Servers

Apache (httpd.apache.org) since 1996

Microsoft offers many different types (www.microsoft.com/server), but

the most popular Web server is Internet Information Server (IIS)

Sun and Netscape has produced iPlanet, which boasts the third most

popular Web servers (www.iplanet.com/products/).

Finding a Web Server for Your Site

Personal Site Hosting: geocities.yahoo.com, hometown.aol.com,

www.tripod.com, www.angelfire.com, communities.msn.com,wwwx.nbci.com/mywebsite

Business Site Hosting:www.hostinvetigator.com, www.hostsearch.com,Webservices.cnet.comhtmlaislesWeb_Hosting.asp
http://www.tripod.com/http://www.angelfire.com/http://www.hostinvetigator.com/http://www.hostsearch.com/http://www.hostsearch.com/http://www.hostinvetigator.com/http://www.angelfire.com/http://www.tripod.com/http://www.iplanet.com/products/http://www.microsoft.com/server

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INTERNET NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

First Generation FTP

File Transfer Protocol

Allows users to List files Transfer files

Does not allow users to Run applications on a remote computer

Read files on a remote computer Viable method for file transfer and Web

publishing

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Second Generation

Gopher

Developed at University of Minnesota (1991)

Text-based interface Organizes and displays files on Internet servers

Presents contents as a hierarchically structured listof files

Many Gopher databases are being converted to Web

sites for easy access

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Third Generation

HTTP

HyperText Transfer Protocol

Transfers files from Web server to browser

Works with HTML to display text, graphics and sound

HTML can only deliver information in a staticpresentation without interactivity

Calculation

Pay bill

Manage bank accounts are not possible!

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NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

DHTML

Combination of HTML and scripting languages

Enables Web pages to react to user input

Reservations Registrations

Shopping

HTML JavaScriptVBScript DHTML

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WAP

Wireless Application Protocol

Wireless Web Browsing and Business

transcation (Personal digital assistant-PDA and cellphone)

Languages used to develop WAPapplications

XML Extensible Markup Language

Allows communications across multipleplatforms

WML Wireless Markup Language

Subset of XML

NEW NAVIGATION TECHNOLOGIES

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WEB LANGUAGES

HTML Hypertext Markup Language

Defines structure and layout of Web document by

using tags and attributes View HTML source on your browser

Click View / Page Source

.....

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WEB LANGUAGES

XHTML Newer version of HTML recommended by W3C

Combines HTML and XML

DHTML Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language

Transforms Web pages from static to interactive

Allows scripting languages to be embedded into

HTML files Enables a Web page to react to user input without

sending requests to the Web server

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XML Extensible Markup Language

Similar to HTML

Allows Web data and content to be processed with very little

human intervention Consists of rules:

tags to describe data

separate data from presentation layout

transform data into Web forms

waffles$3.95

.....

WEB LANGUAGES

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WEB DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

Three categories:

Web Authoring Tools

Web Graphics Tools

Web Programming Languages

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Features Design

Production Management

Examples Adobe GoLive

Macromedia Dreamweaver

Microsoft FrontPage

Web Authoring Tools

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Features Manipulate images

Transparency controls Variety of graphics styles and effects

Examples Macromedia Flash

Adobe Photoshop

Jasc Paint Shop Pro

http://www.adobe.com/products

http://www.jasc.com

http://www.macromedia.com/shockwave/download/

http://www.techsmith.com/products/camtasia/download.asp

Web Graphics Tools
http://www.adobe.com/productshttp://www.jasc.com/http://www.techsmith.com/products/camtasia/download.asphttp://www.techsmith.com/products/camtasia/download.asphttp://www.jasc.com/http://www.adobe.com/products

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Web Programming Tools

CGI (Common Gateway Interface)

ASP / JSP (Active/Java Server Pages)

CFML (ColdFusion Markup Language)

Java

JavaScript

Visual Basic

VBScript

Visual C++

C#

FeaturesFeatures Develop dynamic, interactive, data-drivenDevelop dynamic, interactive, data-driven

Web applicationsWeb applications ExamplesExamples

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TOOL SELECTION PRINCIPLES

Buy Low

Identify free-download Web servers

Free-download development tools Trial versions, freeware, shareware

Sell High

Develop advanced Internet/Web skills

Sell those skills on the job market

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CONVERTING TO WEB PAGES

Word

File / Save as Web Page

Excel File / Save as Web Page

PowerPoint

File / Save as Web Page

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SUMMARY

Described the past and present of the Internet

and World Wide Web

Identified emerging technologies Discussed Web development tools

Learned how to make appropriate tool choices

Converted Office documents into Web pages

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REFERENCES

A Brief History of the Internet

http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml

FNC Resolution: Definition of Internet.

http://www.itrd.gov

Learned how to make appropriate tool choices

http://www.webopedia.com/
http://www.webopedia.com/http://www.itrd.gov/http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml

63498 Lecture 02 Slides

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