6.3 6.4 Acids & Bases
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Transcript of 6.3 6.4 Acids & Bases
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6.3 – 6.4 Acids & Bases
Pages 199 - 212
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Goal 1
Compare and contrast the characteristics of acids and
bases
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AcidsAcids
1. Taste sour1. Taste sour
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2. Donates Hydrogen ions H+
3. Forms Hydronium ions H3O+
Products of a chemical reaction will show
H3O
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Products of a chemical reaction will show
H3O
HCl + H2O H3O+ + Cl-
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4. Turns Blue litmus paper
to RED
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5. It Burns skin and tissue
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6. Conducts electricity
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Want to see something cool?
Copy this link to your browser
http://pickle.xr.ca/
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7. Crystalline Solid
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Examples
Battery acidBattery acidStomach acidStomach acid
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Bases
1. Tastes Bitter
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2. Hydroxide ions OH-
KOH KOH K K++ + OH + OH--
NHNH33 + H + H22O O NH NH44++ + OH + OH--
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3. Turns Red litmus paper
to BLUE
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4. Corrosive (feels slippery)
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5. Can also conduct electricity
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Examples
Sodium hydroxide pellets
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Goal 2
Relate the pH value to the concentration and strength of a
dissolved acid or base
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pH measures hydronium ions (H3O+)
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Comparative concentrations
Hydronium ions (acid)
Hydroxide ions (base)
0 A lot A little
7 = =
14 A little A lot
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Concentration changes by powers of 10
pH =1 has 10x more than pH = 2
pH = 1 has 100x more than pH = 3
More Less
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
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Goal 3
Identify the products of neutralization reactions
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Acid + Base water
H3O+ + OH- H2O
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Acid + Base water + salt
H3O+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH- 2H2O + Na+ + Cl-
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H3O+ + Cl- + Al+ + OH- ___ + ___ + __
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H3O+ + Cl- + Na+ + OH- 2H2O + Al+ + Cl-
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KOH + HNO3 ___+ ___+___
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KOH + HNO3 H2O + K+ + NO3-
Is it balanced?
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Must have = amounts of
hydronium and hydroxide ions
to completely neutralize
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Goal 4
Explain how common acidic and basic household substances
work
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Soap = basic
surrounds oily substances
allows emulsion in water
Whisked away!
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Detergents = basic
lather in hard water
do not form soap scum
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Ammonia = basic
emulsifies oil
whisked away!
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Bleach = basic
Disinfectant
kill bacteria & viruses
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Thanks to the following people who have generously shared their images on the creative commons of Flickr:
Progoddess…I love lemon & peppermintFrotzed2… gave your kid a lemon
Bunchofpants… pickle on a forkBrad Lauster… Big Papa
G.J. Charlet III… hey kool-aid!Interplast… acid burn
Duchamp… electric pickleDeanj… Old ray-o-vacs
Wallyg… Homer!!Jemsweb… walnut
Greg McElhatton… unsweetened chocolateSantoslilhelper… slippery when wet
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Thanks to the following people who have generously shared their images on the
creative commons of Wikipedia:
Walkerma… sodium hydroxide pellets