6 Kingdoms of Life
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Transcript of 6 Kingdoms of Life
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6 Kingdoms of Life
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All organisms are classified into one of the
following 6 kingdoms.
Archaebacteria – bacteria that live in harsh conditionsEubacteria – bacteria that live in normal conditionsProtista – organisms made of one eukaryotic cellFungi – mushrooms and molds
Plantae – all plants including trees, bushes, and flowersAnimalia – all animals including insects
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• The grouping of organisms into KINGDOMS is based on 3 factors:
– 1. Cell Type– 2. Cell Number– 3. Feeding Type
Notice these are three of the categories at the top of your chart.
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1. Cell Type- The presence or absence of a nucleus.
Prokaryotes (NO nucleus) & Eukaryotes (DO carry a nucleus)
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2. Cell number - Whether the organisms exist as single cells or as many cells
•Unicellular- single celled organism
•Multicellular- many celled organism
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• Unicellular • Multicellular
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3. Feeding Type - How the organisms get their food
*Producer (Autotroph)
•Makes it’s own food*Consumer (Heterotroph)Must eat other organisms to survive
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As you go through the PowerPoint Fill in the chart with the correct information
about each of the 6 kingdoms. Remember for
each kingdom your want to find: Cell Type – Prokaryotic OR Eukaryotic
Cell Number – Unicellular AND/OR Multicellular
Feeding Type – Producer (Autotroph) OR Consumer (Heterotroph)
Some interesting facts about that kingdom
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6 Kingdoms• Archaebacteria• Eubacteria• Protista• Fungi• Plantae• Animalia
Prokaryotes
Eukaryotes
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First Two Kingdoms• The first two kingdoms involve bacteria.
Scientists at one time grouped bacteria into one kingdom but just recently divided them into two groups: Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
• Both groups of bacteria are prokaryotes and unicellular
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Archaebacteria• Archaebacteria is also called
ancient bacteria as they date back 4 billion years – They are found in harsh
environments that no other organism lives. We called them “heat-loving” or “salt-loving” or “Methane-loving”
– The yellow and orange rings around the hot springs in Yellowstone National Park were formed by the remains of archaebacteria billions of years ago!
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Eubacteria
• It is the eubacteria that most people are talking about when they say bacteria, because they live in more normal conditions like the human body or pond water.
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Bacterial Locomotion
•Some bacteria have flagella or cilia for movement
•Some secrete a slime layer and ooze over surfaces like slugs
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Bacterial Feeding• Some bacteria are
producers and can photosynthesize like a plant.
• Some bacteria are consumers that catch their food
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We would not have yogurt or cheese if it was not for bacteria! Cleaning solutions and some medicines are also made from specific types of bacteria. They also are decomposers and help with the nitrogen cycle.
• 99% of bacteria is helpful and only 1% causes diseases such as tuberculosis and diphtheria.
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Protists• Protists include many
unicellular organisms, like slime molds, protozoa and primitive algae. They also include multicellular organisms such as brown algae.
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Protists• There are animal-like, fungus-like, and
plant-like protists
• Some are beneficial
• Protists are found in lakes and ponds
• Some protists can cause diseases in humans, such as:
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Protists Disease• Amebic
dysentery
Ameba histolytica
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Protists Disease• African
Sleeping Sickness
Trypanosoma
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Protists Disease• Malaria• Malaria
kills about one million people every year!
Plasmodium
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Protists Movement•3 types of movement:
–Pseudopod (false foot)
–Flagella/cilia (hairs)–Contractile vacuoles
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Protists Feeding Style• Protists can be • producers(autotrop
hs)• or•
consumers(heterotroph)
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Fungi• The Kingdom Fungi
includes some of the most important organisms.
• By breaking down dead organic material, they continue the cycle of nutrients through ecosystems.
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Fungi• All fungi are eukaryotic
• They may be unicellular or multicellular
• Found in wet areas
Unicellular (yeast)
Multicellular
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Fungi• Fungi can be
very helpful and delicious
• Many antibacterial drugs are derived from fungi
Penicillin
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Fungi• Fungi also causes a number of
plant and animal diseases:
•Athlete's Foot
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Fungi• Ringworm
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Fungi Movement
• Fungi are stationary
• They have root-like structures that they use for attachment
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Fungi Feeding• All fungi are
consumers (heterotrophs)
• They absorb nutrients from dead organic matter
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Plants• All plants are
multicellular organisms made of Eukaryotic cells that have a cell wall. They get food through photosynthesis so they are producers (autotrophs).
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• Mosses
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• Liverworts & Hornworts
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• Ferns
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• Conifers (cone bearing)– Gymnosperms
•Oldest vascular plants
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• Flowering plants– Angiosperms
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AnimaliaAll animals are multicellular and made of the more complex Eukaryotic cells. All are consumers (heterotrophs) that are capable of movement at some point in their lives.
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• Some important animal groups (phyla) are the:
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• Porifera: sponges
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• Cnidarians: Jellyfish, corals, and other stingers. . . Their stinger is called a nematocyst
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• Nematocyst
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• Mollusks– Octopi, squid– Clams, oysters– Snails, slugs
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• Platyhelminthes (flat worms)– Tapeworms & flukes
Human liver fluke
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• Annelids (segmented worms)– Worms & leeches
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• Echinoderms– Starfish, sea urchins, sea
cucumbers
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• Arthropods– Shell fish, arachnids & BUGS!
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• Chordates– The Chordata is the animal phylum
with which everyone is most familiar, since it includes humans and other vertebrates.
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Now That you are familiar with the
6 Kingdoms of Life, complete your thinking map by putting the
title of the kingdom and some illustrated examples of
organisms that belong to that kingdom in each box. You can go back through the slides for
examples and/or use the following slide.
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