6 Bennani Morocco
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Transcript of 6 Bennani Morocco
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MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
Tajeddine BENNANI KARIM Office National de L’Electricité
Casablanca - Morocco
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Morocco locationMorocco locationUranium resourcesUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusionsConclusions
PLANPLAN
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ALGERIA
SPAIN
MOROCCO
MAURITANIA
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Morocco locationUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusions
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5.5 million tons of conventional uranium resources at a cost less than 130 US$/kg10.5 million tons of undiscovered resourcesThe question is : Will the identified and undiscovered resourcessatisfy the demand ?
URANIUM RESOURCESURANIUM RESOURCES
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� More we advance in time, more uranium becomes expensive.
� The capacity and number of mines decrease over the time.
URANIUM RESOURCESURANIUM RESOURCES
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Primary uranium resources in the world
URANIUM RESOURCESURANIUM RESOURCES
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� Uranium World production 42 000 tons/year� Uranium World consumption 67 000 tons/year� The cause of this difference are the secondary resources� The main secondary resources are :- Uranium Commercial stock reserves - Uranium coming from the reduction of USA and Russianuclear arsenal - Uranium from recycling through the spent fuel reprocessing cycle
URANIUM RESOURCESURANIUM RESOURCES
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URANIUM RESOURCESURANIUM RESOURCES
Uranium World production & consumption
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Morocco locationMorocco locationUranium resourcesUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusionsConclusions
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� Conventional resources Production (42000 tons) will not increase to reach the global needs (67000 tons).
� The uranium commercial stock reserves are approaching zero. � The Megaton to Megawatt program (USA/RUSSIA) will terminate in 2013.
IMBALANCE : SUPPLY AND DEMANDIMBALANCE : SUPPLY AND DEMAND
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The imbalance between supply and demand has caused U3O8 price increase :22 (jan. 03) to 249 US$ (Apr. 07)
IMBALANCE : SUPPLY AND DEMANDIMBALANCE : SUPPLY AND DEMAND
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Morocco locationMorocco locationUranium resourcesUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusionsConclusions
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URANIUM DEMAND FORECASTURANIUM DEMAND FORECAST
� Uranium global demand could double by 2030 and reach about 150 000 tons/year.
� Nuclear generating capacity in 2030 730 GW (2006 : 368 GW)� Uranium requirements in 2030 149000 t (2006 : 64200 t)
Source : World Nuclear Association (WNA) - September 2007
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Morocco locationMorocco locationUranium resourcesUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusionsConclusions
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URANIUM MARKET ANALYSISURANIUM MARKET ANALYSIS
� Uranium world production must increase from 40 000 tons/year (current level) to 60 000 tons/year (level by 2015) at least.
� There are still unused uranium quantities "more than sufficient"to cover the demand.
� The rapidly increasing uranium price and demand, lead to the exploration of new resources and new mines to meet the needs of nuclear power plants.
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� The conventional uranium resources are insufficient for an expanded global nuclear power program.
� The supply can be increased by the exploitation of unconventional resources.
� Uranium contained in phosphate deposits, clearly dominates unconventional resources.
� One solution is long-term extraction of uranium from phosphates.
� Worldwide totals of phosphate related resources could total as 22 million tons (OECD/NEA)
URANIUM MARKET ANALYSISURANIUM MARKET ANALYSIS
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Morocco locationMorocco locationUranium resourcesUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusionsConclusions
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MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATESMOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
� Phosphates ware discovered in Morocco in 1920.� The phosphates have always been exploited by the Moroccan
OCP Group (Office Chérifienne des Phosphates) created in 1920.� OCP has the monopoly on mining, processing and marketing of phosphates.
� Morocco holds 75% of Phosphate world reserves (85 billion tons) � It produces around 30.106 tons/year and should reach 55 by 2015.
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� Uranium prospecting began in Morocco at the end of the second world war.
� the uranium content in Moroccan phosphates was discovered in 1946.
� Moroccan phosphate contains uranium at varying concentrations, usually between 100 and 150 ppm.
� In some deposits concentrations can vary from 500 to 600 ppm.
MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATESMOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
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� There are approximately 400 wet process phosphoric acid plants in operation worldwide.
� There is already a substantial feedback on uranium recovering from phosphoric acid .
� Eight plants for the recovery of uranium from phosphoric acid have been built and operated in the US since 1976 :- 6 in Florida- 2 in Louisiana
� Plants have also been built in Canada, Spain, Belgium …
MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATESMOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
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0
1
2
3
4
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6
7
Million t
1. Morocco 6,9
2. USA 1,2
3. Mexique 0,15
4. Jordan 0,1
5. Others 0,65
MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATESMOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
Approximate marine uranium inventories in phosphate deposits
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� The estimated world annual capacity of uranium phosphates production is about 3700 tons.
� The Belgian company PRAYON has recovered 690 tons (min.) uranium from Moroccan phosphates.
� Morocco can be the world leader by producing 2840 tonsannually.
MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATESMOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
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� On Oct. 22, 2007, Areva signed an agreement with (OCP) to develop their cooperation and research initiatives regardingextraction of uranium contained in phosphoric acid producedfrom Moroccan phosphate ore.
� AREVA and the OCP plan to launch a joint study into the feasibility of an industrial site producing uranium fromphosphoric acid. (Areva Oct. 23, 2007)
MOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATESMOROCCAN URANIUM PHOSPHATES
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Morocco locationMorocco locationUranium resourcesUranium resourcesImbalance between supply and demandImbalance between supply and demandUranium demand forecastUranium demand forecastUranium market analysisUranium market analysisMoroccan uranium phosphatesMoroccan uranium phosphatesConclusionsConclusions
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� Developing future nuclear power plants requires :- Fuel availability- Low cost Fuel over the power plant live
� Making unconventional uranium investments profitable� The Construction of an unconventional uranium recovery factory requires about 2 years.
� Countries starting a nuclear power program are well advised to think about its long term sustainability.
� Fuel supply does not depend on the goodwill of suppliers, but must secure power production in the long term.
� Morocco case :Achieving a sustainable power nuclear program requires securing of unconventional uranium.
CONCLUSIONS
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THANK YOUTHANK YOU