6 – 8 Octobre 2004

Sustainable Hydrogen

Varsovie

Varsovie Octobre 2004

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Why hydrogen ?

Because

Greenhouse Effect that warms up the planet with all the subsequent climatic desorders (overheat waves, hurricanes, desertification...

Depletion of the fossile fuel reserves and all the political and economic, tension it will induce.

It can be a way of stocking electricity from intermittent renewable sources (wind, solar).

It can be a substitute for gasoline as a fuel for cars, trucks and plane

giving only water on burning in I.C.E.

It is a good fuel for fuel-cells generating heat and electrictricity.

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Production of hydrogen

To avoid Greenhouse Effect and to spare fossile fuels reserves we will try to produce hydrogen from water or from biomass using none CO2 producing source of energy :

Nuclear heat and electricity,

Photovoltaic or wind mills electricity,

Geothermal heat.

This can be done by :

Electrolysis of water at low or high temperature,

Thermochemical cycles resulting in dissociating water,

Biomass gasification.

Varsovie Octobre 2004

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Sustainable Hydrogen

CO + H2

Syngas

Fisher Tropsh

Synthesis

Biofuel

Electrolysis

Thermo Cycle

ICE

Water

Renewable

Energies

Transport

Storage

Fuel Cell

H2

e-

H2

Thermolysise-

e-

Nuclear

Reactor

Fission/Fusion

Biomass

LIGNOCELLULOSIS

C6H8O4

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Very high temperature Reactor VHTR

VHTR

Steering Committee

VHTR

Steering Committee

U.S.A.U.S.A.FranceFrance

JapanJapan

South AfricaSouth Africa UnitedUnitedKingdomKingdom

South KoreaSouth Korea

SwitzerlSwitzerlandand

Euratom Euratom countriecountrie

VHTR Goals► Passive Safety 600 MWth – T He 1000 °C – Thermal neutrons

► Hydrogen production

200 Mt/day H2 ( 50 %), # 300,000 gallons

of gasoline per day

Water splitting with thermo-chemical cycle or High Temperature Electrolysis

► Deployment in 2030 – 35 (NGNP by 2017)