• 5/30 Focus: 5/30 Focus: – The world’s first civilizations

developed in River Valleys.– The people of these civilizations not

only formed empires but developed writing and religious traditions

• Do Now:Do Now: – Identify one early form of writing

Day 2

• Three common characteristics of river valley civilizations

• Similar Latitudes

• Annual flooding • Long growing

seasons/warm climates

• Identify the civilization that each geographic characteristic is most closely associated.

Nile River Valley Tigris & Euphrates

Yellow River

Indus River

Monsoons

Himalayas (2)

Waterfalls and Sahara Desert

Gobi Desert

Hindu Kush

Natural Barriers (3)

Khyber Pass

Fertile Crescent

Unpredictable River flooding (3)

Predictable Flooding (1)Lack of Natural Barriers

• Identify the civilization that each term is associated with:

Ziggurats

Pyramids

Mohenjo-Daro

Harappa

Dynastic Cycle

Aryans

Book of the Dead

Hieroglyphics

Cuneiform

Oracle Bones

Caste System

Maurya and GuptaEmpires

Mandate of Heaven Hanging Gardens ofBabylon

Pharaohs Gilgamesh

1. These architectural achievements best indicate thatA. advanced technology existed in early

civilizationsB. religion was of little importanceC. entertainment was important to

these ancient societies D. trade routes existed between China

and the Americas

2. One similarity between the ancient civilizations in Egypt and in China is that they developedA. nomadic lifestylesB. monotheistic belief systemsC. democratic governmentsD. written forms of communication

I. _______________________Natural boundaries of desert, mountains, and the sea Yearly flooding to enrich farmlandsOld and Middle KingdomsProduction of Papyrus plant

3. Which heading best completes this partial outline?

A.Egypt-Gift of the Nile B.China’s Sorrow-Huang He River C.Harappa- City on the Indus D.Mesopotamia- Land Between the Rivers

• Geography– Mountainous terrain led to

the formation of __________________

– Greece is a __________________ surrounded by the Aegean, Ionian, and Mediterranean Sea

– Coastline of Greece is irregular which gives them natural _________________

• City States • Peninsula • Harbors

AthensAthens

• Practiced direct democracy

• Citizens played a direct role in government

• Focused on education• Socrates, Plato, and

Aristotle emphasized philosophy and reason

SpartaSparta

• Focused on Military • Education was focused

on military training

• Low hills and few natural barriers allowed for the Italian peninsula to be easily _________

• Peninsula located in the ___________________Sea

• allowed for ______ and _______________

UnitedMediterranean Trade Expansion

• Government in Rome was a _____________– Citizens elected their officials to

make laws

• Caesar became a _________________ and limited the power of the Senate

• Augustus Caesar became the first _________________ marking the end of the Republic

• Republic• Dictator• Emperor

1. What was one cause of the development of many small independent city-states in ancient Greece?A. Greece and Rome were often at war. B. The mountainous terrain of Greece

resulted in widely scattered settlements. C. Military leaders found small Greek

settlements easy to control. D. The Greek people had many different

languages and religions.

2. In Western Europe, the Middle Ages began after the collapse of which empire?

A. Mughal B. Ottoman C. Roman D. Byzantine

• Establish legal standards/principles • Provide a written set of Laws • Create a stable society• Examples:

– Code of Hammurabi – Justinian’s Code – The Twelve Tables – 10 Commandments – Pillars of Asoka – Napoleonic Code

1. One way in which the Code of Hammurabi, the Twelve Tables, and Justinian Code are similar is that each:

A. Legalized monotheistic beliefs B. Established legal standards C. Provided records of economic activity D. Supported republican government

2. One way in which the Twelve Tables and the Pillars of Asoka are similar is that both were intended to:

A. create a stable societyB. A means of achieving social equality C. The freedom of the pursue their own

religion D. The right to a public education

Social SystemsSocial Systems

• Tend to be hierarchal • Power and wealth near the top

– Least amount of people

• People at the bottom have little or no power– Most people

Hindu Caste SystemHindu Caste System

Feudalism-Europe Feudalism-Europe

Feudalism-Japan Feudalism-Japan

Encomienda SystemEncomienda System