5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for...
Transcript of 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for...
Sum and Difference Identities for Cosine
5.3Difference Identity for Cosine ▪ Sum Identity for Cosine ▪ Cofunction Identities ▪ Applying the Sum and Difference Identities
Mrs. PolandDecember 3, 2012
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Cosine of a Sum or Difference
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FINDING EXACT COSINE FUNCTION VALUES Example 1(a and b)
Find the exact value of cos 15°.
Find the exact value of
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Example 1(c) FINDING EXACT COSINE FUNCTION VALUES
Find the exact value of cos 87°cos 93° – sin 87°sin 93°.
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Cofunction Identities
Similar identities can be obtained for a real number domain by replacing 90°
with
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Example 2 USING COFUNCTION IDENTITIES TO FIND θ
Find an angle that satisfies each of the following:
(a) cot θ = tan 25°
(b) sin θ = cos (–30°)
(c)
tan 25°tan 25°
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Example 3 FINDING cos (s + t) GIVEN INFORMATION ABOUT s AND t
Suppose that and both s
and t are in quadrant II. Find cos(s + t).
Sketch an angle s in quadrant II such that Since let y = 3 and r = 5.
The Pythagorean theorem gives
Since s is in quadrant II, x = –4 and
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Example 3 FINDING cos (s + t) GIVEN INFORMATION ABOUT s AND t (cont.)
The Pythagorean theorem gives
Since t is in quadrant II, y = 5 and
Note
The values of cos s and sin t could also be found by using the
Pythagorean identities.
Sketch an angle t in quadrant II such that Since let x = –12 and r = 13.x
r,
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Classwork
14-5 ws (only cosine)
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Difference Identity for Cosine
Point Q is on the unit circle, so the coordinates of Q are (cos B, sin B).
The coordinates of S are (cos A, sin A).
The coordinates of R are (cos(A – B), sin (A – B)).
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Difference Identity for CosineSince the central angles SOQ and POR are equal, PR = SQ.
Using the distance formula, we have
PR=
SQ
=
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Difference Identity for CosineSquare both sides and clear parentheses:
PR=
SQ
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Rearrange the terms:
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Difference Identity for Cosine
Subtract 2, then divide by –2:
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Sum Identity for CosineTo find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).
Cosine difference identity
Negative angle identities
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