5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for...

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Sum and Difference Identities for Cosine 5.3 Difference Identity for Cosine Sum Identity for Cosine Cofunction Identities Applying the Sum and Difference Identities Mrs. Poland December 3, 2012 Saturday, December 1, 2012

Transcript of 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for...

Page 1: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Sum and Difference Identities for Cosine

5.3Difference Identity for Cosine ▪ Sum Identity for Cosine ▪ Cofunction Identities ▪ Applying the Sum and Difference Identities

Mrs. PolandDecember 3, 2012

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 2: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Cosine of a Sum or Difference

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 3: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

FINDING EXACT COSINE FUNCTION VALUES Example 1(a and b)

Find the exact value of cos 15°.

Find the exact value of

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 4: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Example 1(c) FINDING EXACT COSINE FUNCTION VALUES

Find the exact value of cos 87°cos 93° – sin 87°sin 93°.

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 5: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Cofunction Identities

Similar identities can be obtained for a real number domain by replacing 90°

with

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 6: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Example 2 USING COFUNCTION IDENTITIES TO FIND θ

Find an angle that satisfies each of the following:

(a) cot θ = tan 25°

(b) sin θ = cos (–30°)

(c)

tan 25°tan 25°

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 7: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Example 3 FINDING cos (s + t) GIVEN INFORMATION ABOUT s AND t

Suppose that and both s

and t are in quadrant II. Find cos(s + t).

Sketch an angle s in quadrant II such that Since let y = 3 and r = 5.

The Pythagorean theorem gives

Since s is in quadrant II, x = –4 and

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 8: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Example 3 FINDING cos (s + t) GIVEN INFORMATION ABOUT s AND t (cont.)

The Pythagorean theorem gives

Since t is in quadrant II, y = 5 and

Note

The values of cos s and sin t could also be found by using the

Pythagorean identities.

Sketch an angle t in quadrant II such that Since let x = –12 and r = 13.x

r,

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 9: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Classwork

14-5 ws (only cosine)

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 10: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Difference Identity for Cosine

Point Q is on the unit circle, so the coordinates of Q are (cos B, sin B).

The coordinates of S are (cos A, sin A).

The coordinates of R are (cos(A – B), sin (A – B)).

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 11: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Difference Identity for CosineSince the central angles SOQ and POR are equal, PR = SQ.

Using the distance formula, we have

PR=

SQ

=

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 12: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Difference Identity for CosineSquare both sides and clear parentheses:

PR=

SQ

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 13: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Rearrange the terms:

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 14: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Difference Identity for Cosine

Subtract 2, then divide by –2:

Saturday, December 1, 2012

Page 15: 5.3 Sum and Difference Identities for CosineSum Identity for Cosine To find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Sum Identity for CosineTo find a similar expression for cos(A + B) rewrite A + B as A – (–B) and use the identity for cos(A – B).

Cosine difference identity

Negative angle identities

Saturday, December 1, 2012