OVERVIEW

OF CIRCULATION

THE MAIN FUNCTION OF THE CIRCULATIONTO SERVE THE NEEDS OF THE TISSUES BY :

TRANSPORTING OXYGEN AND NUTRIENTS TO THE TISSUES, TRANSPORTING AWAY WSTE PRODUCTS, CARRYING HORMONES FROM ONE PART OF THE BODY TO ANOTHER, MAINTAINING HOMEODYNAMIC CONDITION IN TISSUE FLUIDS OF OPTIMAL SURVIVAL AND FUNCTION OF THE CELLS

THE CIRCULATIONDIVIDED INTO TWO PARTPULMONARY CIRCULATION,

WHICH SUPPLIES THE BLOOD TO THE LUNGS

SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION,

WHICH SUPPLIES THE BLOOD TO THE TISSUES ALL OF THE BODY

THE CIRCULATION IS THE COMPLETE CIRCUIT

THE BLOOD VESSEL THE CONECTING VESSEL: AORTIC

DISTRIBUTION VESSEL: MEDIUM AND SMAL ARTERY

EXCHANGE VESSEL: CAPILARY

RESERVOIR VESSEL: VEIN

BLOOD VESSEL SYSTEM

ELASTIK RECOIL PD AORTA

THE FUNCTION PART OF THE CIRCULATIONTHE ABSORBER VESSEL (AORTA, LARGE ARTERIES):TRANSPORT BLOOD UNDER HIGH PRESSURE, RAPID BLOOD FLOW

THE RESISTANCE VESSEL (ARTERIOLE), CONTROL OF BLOOD FLOW

THE EXCHANGE VESSEL (CAPILLARIES, VENULES): WHICH EXCHANGE OF OXYGEN, NUTRIENS, FLUID AND OTHER SUBSTANCES BETWEEN THE BLOOD AND INTERSTITIIL FLUID

RESERVOIR VESSEL: CONDUITS AND RESERVOIRS OF BLOOD

THE ARTERIOL AND CAPILARY

ARTERIOL OR RESISTANCE VESSELTO CONTROL OF BLOOD FLOW TO THE TISSUE:

RELAXATION OF SPHINCTER INCREASES THE BLOOD FLOW

CONTRACTION OF SPHINCTER DECREASES THE BLOOD FLOW

THE CAPILARYOR AXCHANGE VESSELEXCHANGE OF:

O2 WITH CO2

NUTRIENT WITH WASTE PRODUCT

ETC.

END ARTERIESSUPPLAY DISCRETE REGIONS OF TISSUES THAT NOT DIRECT ANASTOMOSES BETWEEN THEM

NO COLLATERAL SUPPLAY

IN THE HEART, LIVER, KIDNEY, BRAIN, GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT

VEINSLARGE OF LUMINA

THIN AND RELATIVELY NON MUSCULAR WALLS

RELATIVELY COMPRESSIBLE BY EXTERNAL FORCES BLOOD FLOW

VALVES IN MANY VEIN, SUPPORT FLOW OF BLOOD TOWARD THE HEART

PRESSURE GRADIENTS BETWEEN THE PHERIPHERAL AND THE RIGHT HEART CONTROL VENOUS FLOW

ARTERIOVENOUS ANASTOMOSESDIRECT TRANSFER OF BLOOD FROM ARTERIAL TO VENOUS CHANNELS

BYPASSING THE CAPILLARY BED

USUALLY ACCUR IN ORGANS THAT FUNCTION INTERMITTENTLY : GUT, SKIN

BASIC CONTROL OF CIRCULATORY FUNCTIONTHE ABILITY OF EACH TISSUE TO CONTROL ITS OWN LOCAL BLOOD FLOW IN PROPORTION TO ITS METABOLIC NEEDS (AUTOREGULATION)

NERVUS CONTROL MORE GLOBAL FUNCTIONS:

REDISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD FLOW TO DIFFERENT AREAS, REGULATING HEART PUMPING, RAPID CONTROL OF SYSTEMIC ARTERIAL PRESSURE

DISTRIBUTION OF BLOODCARDIAC: 7 %LUNG: 9 %ARTERIAL: 13 %ARTERIOLE: 2 %CAPILARY: 5 %VEIN: 64 % (RESERVOIR

VESEL)

DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD REST AND MOD.EXERCISE Git: 27% (1350)4.8% (600)Kidney: 20% (1000)4.4% (550) Skin: 9% (450)13.6%(1700)Brain: 13 % (650) 5.2% (650)Cardiac : 3 % (150) 4.4% (550)Muscle: 15% (750)64% ( 8000)Bone, others: 13 % (650) 3.6% (450) TOAL: 5000 ML/M 12.500 ML/M

THE DISTRIBUTION OF BLOODKIDNEY, GIT, SKIN :

IMPORTANCE FOR HOMEOSTASIS THE DISTRIBUTION OF BLOOD ACCORDING TO THE HUMAN CONDITION

THE BRAIN:

VERY IMPORTANCE ORGAN, ITS PERMANENT NICROSIS WITHOUT BLOOD MORE THAN 4 MINUTE

LYMPHATIC SYSTEMEXTENSIVE NETWORK

VARIABLE LYMPHATIC VESSELS AND NODES

SERVE AS FILTERS AND SOURCE OF LYMPHOCYTES AND PLASMA CELLS

THE LYMPHATIC VESSELS FROM THE TISSUES FORWARD THE LYMPHATIC FLUID TO THE RIGHT VENTRICEL THROUGH VENA CAVA

LYMF CIRCULATION