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Instructional Design

for DummiesA short course that explains the basics of Instructional Design

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Session 5:Instructional Design Models


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TopicsBelow are the topics covered in this session:

The ADDIE Model

The ARCS Model

The Spiral Model (Rapid authoring )


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Apply the following Instructional Design models to your learningdesign:

The ADDIE Model

The ARCS Model


Objectives

After completing this session you will be able to:


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Start


The ADDIE Model

The ARCS Model



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The ADDIE Model

ADDIE

Analysis Design Develop Implement

Development Process

Implement

Evaluate

The ADDIE model provides a step-by-step process that helps instructional designers plan

and create training programs with a framework.

This is in order to make sure that their instructional products are effective and that their

processes are as efficient as they can possibly be.


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Analysis

Analysis

The aim of the ANALYSIS

stage is to determine

training needs and

produce a needsassessment document.


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Design

The aim of the design

phase is to develop a

blueprint ofhow the

finished product will look,

and to produce a

storyboard and flowchart

of the whole structure of

the finished product.

Design


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Develop

This phase involves the

programmers, graphic

artists, writers and

subject matter experts

carrying out the

specifications in the

blueprint (storyboard).

Develop


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Implement

The training system is put

in place and persons are

trained on how to use it.

Implement


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Evaluate

Whether or not the

training solved the

original training problem

What you can do to

improve the trainingEvaluate


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The ADDIE Model

The ARCS Model



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ARCS Model

According to John Kellers ARCS Model of Motivational Design,

there are four steps for promoting and sustaining motivation in the

learning process

The steps are:


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Attention

Perceptual Arousal

Gain and maintains student attention by the use of novel, surprising,

incongruous, or uncertain events in instruction

Inquiry Arousal

Stimulate information-seeking behavior by posing, or having the

learner generate, questions or a problem to solve

Variability

Maintain student interest by varying the elements of instruction


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Relevance

Familiarity

Adapt instruction, use concrete language, use examples and concepts

that are related to the learner's experience and values to help them

integrate new knowledge

Goal Orientation

Provide statements or examples that present the objectives and utility

of the instruction, and either present goals for accomplishment or

have the learner define themMotive Matching

Adapt by using teaching strategies that match the motive profiles of

the students


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Confidence

Expectancy for Success

Make learners aware of performance requirements and evaluative

criteria

Challenge Setting

Provide multiple achievement levels that allow learners to set personal

goals or standards of accomplishment, and performance opportunities

that allow them to experience success

Attribution Molding

Provide feedback that supports student ability and effort as the

determinants of success


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Satisfaction

Natural Consequences

Provide opportunities to use newly

acquired knowledge or skill in a real or

simulated setting

Positive Consequences

Provide feedback and reinforcements

that will sustain the desired behavior

Equity

Maintain consistent standards and

consequences for task


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The ADDIE Model

The ARCS Model



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The Spiral Model

The spiral model was originally conceived as a software development

process

It combines elements of both design and prototyping-in-stages

This model of development combines the features of the prototyping

model and the ADDIE model


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Steps

The process is divided into 5 steps:

Define

Design

DemonstrateDevelop

Deliver


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Advantages of the Model

Estimates (i.e. budget, schedule, etc.) become more realistic as work

progresses, because important issues are discovered earlier

The model is designed to cope with the inevitable changes to the learning

experience that will happen over the course of design and delivery

Multimedia producers can get their hands in and start working on a

project earlier, and therefore shape the design process as well


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Summary

In this session we learned that:The ADDIE model provides a step-by-step process that helps instructional designers

plan and creates training programs with a framework

The steps are analysis, design, develop, implement and evaluate

According to John Kellers ARCS Model of Motivational Design, there are four steps

for promoting and sustaining motivation in the learning process

The steps are attention, relevance, confidence and satisfaction

The Spiral Model, combines elements of both design and prototyping-in-stages

The steps are define, design, demonstrate, develop and deliver


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Thank YouShyamanta Baruah (Sam)[email protected]
http://www.shyamantab.com/mailto:[email protected]://twitter.com/https://www.facebook.com/shyamantabhttp://www.linkedin.com/profile/view?id=24784934&trk=tab_promailto:[email protected]://www.shyamantab.com/

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