4.Voice Dial Plan Configuring Voice Interfaces Dial Peers

5/21/2018 4.Voice Dial Plan Configuring Voice Interfaces Dial Peers

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1 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicIP Telephony

Voice Dial Plans, Configuring VoiceInterfaces and Dial Peers

Cisco Networking Academy Program


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Call Establishment Principles


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Dial-Peer Call Legs


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End-to-End Calls


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Configuring Dial Peers


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Understanding Dial Peers

A dial peer is an addressable call endpoint.

Dial peers establish logical connections, called calllegs, to complete an end-to-end call.

Cisco voice-enabled routers support two typesof dial peers:

POTS dial peers: Connect to a traditionaltelephony network

VoIP dial peers: Connect over a packet network


7/1357 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicIP Telephony

Dial Peer



POTS Dial Peers



Practice Item 1:POTS Dial-Peer Configuration



VoIP Dial Peers



Practice Item 2:VoIP Dial-Peer Configuration



Common Destination-Pattern Options



Default Dial Peer 0



Matching Inbound Dial Peers

incoming called-number

Defines the called number or DNIS string

answer-address

Defines the originating calling number or ANI string

destination-pattern

Uses the calling number (originating or ANI string) to

match the incoming call leg to an inbound dial peer

port

Attempts to match the configured dial-peer port to thevoice port associated with the incoming call (POTS dial

peers only)

Configurable parameters used for matching inbounddial peers:



Practice Item 3:Matching Inbound Dial Peers



Matching Outbound Dial Peers



Hunt-Group Commands

preferencedial-peer command

Specifies which dial peers in a hunt group will be used first

Options are 0 through 9 with 0 being most preferred

huntstopdial-peer commandStops dial-peer hunting on the dial peer if it is not matched

dial-peer huntglobal command

Specifies the global hunt-selection order for all huntgroups



Hunt-Group Configuration


19/13519 2005 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved.Cisco PublicIP Telephony

Practice Item 4:Configuring Hunt Groups



Digit Consumption and Forwarding



Digit Collection



Digit Manipulation Commands

prefix

Dial-peer command

Adds digits to the front of the dial string before it is forwarded tothe telephony interface

forward-digits

Dial-peer command

Controls the number of digits forwarded to the telephony interface

num-exp

Global command

Expands an extension into a full telephone number or replacesone number with another

translation-rule

Global and dial-peer command

Digit translation rules used to manipulate the calling number digits,or ANI, or the called number digits, or DNIS, for a voice call



Practice Item 5:Digit Manipulation



Special-Purpose Connections



Special-PurposeConnection Commands

connection plar

Associates a voice port directly with a dial peer

connection plar-opx

Extends a PBX connection to a remote location

connection trunk

Emulates a permanent trunk connection to a PBX

connection tie-lineEmulates a temporary tie-line trunk to a PBX



PLAR Connection


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PLAR-OPX Connection


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Trunk Connection


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Tie-Line Connection


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Building a Scalable Numbering Plan


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Dial plans contain specific dialing patterns for a user who

wants to reach a particular telephone number.

Dial Plans


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Need for a Scalable Numbering Plan


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Attributes of a Scalable Numbering Plan

Logic distribution

Hierarchical design

Simplicity in provisioning

Reduction in postdial delay

Availability and fault tolerance


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Hierarchical Numbering Plans


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Challenges Associated with Integration

Varying number lengths

Specialized services

Voice mail

Necessity of prefixes or area codes

International dialing consideration

I t ti I t l d P bli


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Integrating Internal and PublicNumbering Plans


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Number Normalization


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Configuring Voice Ports


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Local Calls


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On-Net Calls


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Off-Net Calls


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PLAR


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PBX-to-PBX Calls


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Cisco CallManager-to-Cisco CallManager


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On-Net to Off-Net Call


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FXS Voice Port Configuration

signal

cptone

description

ring frequency

ring cadence

disconnect-ack

busyout

station id name

station id number


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FXO Voice Port Configuration

signal

ring number

dial-type

description

supervisory disconnect


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E&M Voice Port Configuration

signal

operation

type

auto-cut-through

description


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Timers and Timing Configuration

timeouts initial

timeouts interdigit

timeouts ringing

timing digit

timing interdigit

timing hookflash-in/hookflash-out


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Basic T1/E1 Controller Configuration


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T1/E1 Digital-Voice Configuration

Create digital voice ports with the ds0-groupcommand

ds0-group-no

t imeslot- l ist

signal- type


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Digital-Voice Configuration


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ISDN Configuration

Global configuration

isdn switch-type

T1/E1 controller configuration

pri-group

D channel configuration

isdn incoming-voice configuration

QSIG configurationQSIG signaling


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ISDN Configuration


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CCS Options


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Verifying and Troubleshooting Voice Ports

1. Check for dial tone (FXS only).

2. Check for DTMF tones (FXS only).

3. Use show voice portto check configuration.

4. Use show voice portto ensure port is enabled.

5. Be sure PBX configuration is compatible withvoice port.

6. Check physical installation of hardware.


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Commands to Verify Voice Ports


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Test Commands


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ISDN Commands


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Adjusting Voice Quality


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Factors That Affect Voice Quality

Transmit and receive power levels

Input gain

Output attenuation

The following factors affect voice quality:


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Calculating Decibel Levels


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Configuring Voice Port Voice-Quality Tuning

input-gain

output-attenuation

impedance


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Configuration Examples


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Echo Cancellation

Echo cancellation is configured at the voice portlevel.

Echo cancellation is enabled by default.

Echo cancellation coverage adjusts the size of theecho canceller.

Nonlinear echo cancellation shuts off any signal ifnear-end speech is detected.


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Analog and Digital Voice Interfaces


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Local-Loop Connections


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Analog Voice Interface: FXS

Connects directly to analog phones or faxes

Used to provision local service

Provides power, call progress tones, and dial tone

Foreign exchange station interface

FXS

FXS

FXS


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Analog Voice Interface: FXO

PSTN

FXO FXO

Connects directly to office equipment

Used to make and receive calls from the PSTN

Can be used to connect through the PSTN to another site

Answer inbound calls arriving

Foreign exchange office interface


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Analog Voice Interface: E&M

E&M E&MTie Line

E&M

MOH

E&M interface

Connects two sites together with a leased connection

Allows for the use of non PSTN numbers

Used to create tie-lines

Commonly used to connect to external Music on Hold sources

E&M interface


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Channel Associated Signaling Systems


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Channel Associated Signaling Systems: T1

CAS T1

PSTN

Up to 24 Channels for voice

Each channel is a DS0

8000 samples per second

1 byte per sample

Partial T1 may be available

Signaling travels in-band

CAS T1s have the following characteristics


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Channel Associated Signaling Systems: E1


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Channel Associated Signaling Systems: E1

CAS E1

PSTN

Up to 30 Channels for voice

Each channel is a DS0

8000 samples per second

1 byte per sample

Partial E1 my be available

Signaling is carried out of band

CAS E1s have the following characteristics


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Common-Channel Signaling

ISDN PRI/BRI


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ISDN PRI/BRI

PRI/BRI

PRI 23B+D

BRI 2B +D

Carrier

Carrier

Allows for a multiple services through one connection

Well adapted for voice

64kbps channels

Q.931 on the D channel

Supports standards based functions

Supports proprietary implementations

International Utilization


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Configuring Analog and Digital Voice

Interfaces

FXS V i P t C fi ti


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signal

cptone

description

ring frequency

ring cadence

disconnect-ack

busyout

station id name

station id number

FXS V i P t C fi ti


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CMERouter(config)#voice-port 1/0/0

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#signal loop-start

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#cptone GB

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#ring cadence pattern01


CMERouter(config-voiceport)#signal loop-start



FXS Port

1/0/0

FXS Port1/0/1

FXO V i P t C fi ti


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signal

ring number

dial-type

description

supervisory disconnect

FXO V i P t C fi ti


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CMERouter(config-voiceport)#signal ground-start

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#ring number 3CMERouter(config-voiceport)#dial-type dtmf

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#description Connection_to_PSTN

FX0 Port1/1/0

PSTN

E&M V i P t C fi ti


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signal

operation

type

auto-cut-through

description

FXS V i P t C fi ti


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CMERouter(config-voiceport)#signal immediate

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#auto-cut-through

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#operation 4-wireCMERouter(config-voiceport)#type 1

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#description MoH_Device

E&M Port1/1/0

MOH

BRI Reference Points


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BRI Reference Points

ISDN Configuration Tasks


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PSTNISDN PRI or BRI

Select the ISDN switch type either globally or on aninterface

The interface setting will override the global setting Configure the interface or controller settings

ISDN BRI Configuration Commands


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isdn switch-type switch-typeCMERouter(config)#

Sets the ISDN switch type globally

isdn switch-type switch-typeCMERouter(config-if)#

Sets the ISDN switch type on an interface (overrides

the global setting if it exists)

interface BRImod/port

CMERouter(config)#

Defines a SPID if assigned by the carrier (found in

North America)



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isdn spid1 spid-number [ldn]

CMERouter(config-int)#

Defines SPID 1 if assigned by the carrier (found in

North America)

isdn spid2 spid-number [ldn]


Defines SPID 2 if assigned by the carrier (found inNorth America)



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ISDNBRI 0/1

CMERouter(config)#isdn switch-type basic-5ess

CMERouter(config)#interface bri 0/1

CMERouter(config-int)#isdn spid1 20655512340001CMERouter(config-int)#isdn spid2 20655512340002



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timeouts initial

timeouts interdigit

timeouts ringing

timing digit

timing interdigit

timing hookflash-in/hookflash-out



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CMERouter(config)#voice-port 1/0/0CMERouter(config-voiceport)#signal loop-start



CMERouter(config-voiceport)#timeouts initial 15

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#timeouts interdigit 15

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#timeouts ringing 120

CMERouter(config-voiceport)#timing hookflash-in 500

FXS Port1/0/0



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linecode {ami | b8zs}CMERouter(config-control)#

Configures the linecode for a T1 line

linecode {ami | hdb3}

CMERouter(config-control)#

Configures the linecode for a E1 line




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framing {sf | esf}CMERouter(config-control)#

Configures the framing for a T1 line

framing {crc4 | no-crc4 | australia}


Configures the framing for a E1 line




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ds0-group ds0-group-notimeslots timeslot-listtype{e&m-delay-dial | e&m-fgd | e&m-immediate-start |e&m-wink-start | ext-sig | fgd-eana | fxo-ground-start | fxo-loop-start | fxs-ground-start | fxs-

loop-start}


Creates the voice ports of the T1 or E1 and the

signaling that is used


clock source {line | internal}CMERouter(config-control)#

Sets the source of the clocking



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CMERouter(config)#controller T1 1/0

CMERouter(config-controller)#linecode b8zs

CMERouter(config-controller)#framing esf

CMERouter(config-controller)#ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-24 type fxo-groundstart

CMERouter(config-controller)#clock source line

CMERouter(config)#controller E1 1/0

CMERouter(config-controller)#linecode hdb3

CMERouter(config-controller)#framing crc4

CMERouter(config-controller)#ds0-group 1 timeslots 1-15 type e&m-wink-start


T1 1/0PSTN

PRI Reference Points


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PRI Reference Points

ISDN PRI Configuration Commands


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isdn switch-type switch-typeCMERouter(config)#

Sets the ISDN switch type globally

isdn switch-type switch-typeCMERouter(config-controller)#

Sets the ISDN switch type on an interface (overrides

the global setting if it exists)

controller {t1 | e1} {slot/port | unit-number}

CMERouter(config)#

Defines a SPID if assigned by the carrier (found in

North America)



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pri-group timeslots range

CMERouter(config-controller)#

Sets the PRI group with a range of timeslots

interface serial slot/port:timeslot


Sets the PRI D channel



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ISDNPRI 0/1

CMERouter(config)#isdn switch-type primary-niCMERouter(config)#controller t1 0/1

CMERouter(config-controller)#pri-group timeslots 1-24

CMERouter(config-controller)#framing esf

CMERouter(config-controller)#linecode b8zs


CMERouter(config)#interface serial:23


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Dial Peers

What is a Dial Peer?


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What is a Dial Peer?

A dial peer is an addressable call endpoint.

Dial peers establish logical connections, called calllegs, to complete an end-to-end call.

Cisco voice-enabled routers support two types ofdial peers:

POTS dial peers: Connect to a traditional telephonynetwork

VoIP dial peers: Connect over a packet network

Dial Peer


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Dial Peer

POTS Dial Peers


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POTS Dial Peers

VoIP Dial Peers


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VoIP Dial Peers

Destination-Pattern Options


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Destination Pattern Options

Default Dial Peer 0


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Default Dial Peer 0


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Call Setup and Digit Manipulation

End-to-End Calls


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End to End Calls

Matching Inbound Dial Peers


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g

incoming called-numberDefines the called number or dialed number identification service(DNIS) string

answer-addressDefines the originating calling number or automatic numberidentification (ANI) string

destination-patternUses the calling number (originating or ANI string) to match the

incoming call leg to an inbound dial peer

portAttempts to match the configured dial-peer port to the voice-portassociated with the incoming call (POTS dial peers only)

Configurable parameters used for matchinginbound dial peers:

Matching Outbound Dial Peers


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atc g Outbou d a ee s

Digit Consumption and Forwarding


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g p g

Digit Collection


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g

Digit Manipulation Commands


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g p

prefixDial-peer command

Adds digits to the front of the dial string before it is forwarded to thetelephony interface

forward-digits

Dial-peer commandControls the number of digits forwarded to the telephony interface

number expansion table

Global command (num-exp)

Expands an extension into a full telephone number or replaces onenumber with another

digit translation

Global and dial-peer command

Digit translation rules are used to manipulate the calling number, or ANI,or the called number, or DNIS, digits for a voice call

PLAR Connection


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Class of Restriction

Class of Restriction (COR)


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Provides a way to deny certain calls based upon the incomingand outgoing settings on dial-peers or ephone-dns

Each dial-peer or ephone-dn can have one incoming COR andone outgoing COR

Can be used to control access to dialable destinations thatare internal to the enterprise or external to the enterprise

Incoming COR list indicates the capacity of the dial peer toinitiate certain classes of calls.

Outgoing COR list indicates the capacity required for anincoming dial peer to deliver a call via this outgoing dial peer



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Incoming COR Outgoing COR

or or

The incoming COR is like having one or more keys

The lack of an incoming COR is like having amaster key that can unlock all locks

The outgoing COR is like a lock or locks

The lack of an outgoing COR is like having no lock



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COR List on Incoming

dial-peer or ephone-dn

COR List onOutgoing dial-peer or

ephone-dn

Result Reason

No COR No COR Call Succeeds COR not applied

No COROutgoing COR

appliedCall Succeeds

The no (null) incomingCOR condition has thehighest COR priority

Incoming COR applied No COR Call SucceedsThe incoming COR list isa superset of the no (null)

outgoing COR list

Incoming COR appliedis a superset ofoutgoing COR

Outgoing COR

appliedCall Succeeds

The incoming COR list isa superset of theoutgoing COR list

Incoming COR appliednot a superset of

outgoing COR

Outgoing CORapplied

Call cannot becompleted

The incoming COR list isNOT a superset of the

outgoing COR list

Steps to Configure Class of Restriction


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Step 1Configure the Class of Restriction names

Step 2Configure the Class of Restriction lists andmembers

Step 3Assign the COR list to the dial peers

Step 4 - Assign the COR to the ephone-dns



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dial-peer cor customCMERouter(config)#

Enters COR config mode where classes of

restrictions are specified

name class-name

CMERouter(config-dp-cor)#

Used to specify a class of restriction

Step 1Configure the Class of Restriction names



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dial-peer cor list list-nameCMERouter(config)#

Provides a name for a list of restrictions

member class-name

CMERouter(config-dp-corlist)#

Adds a COR class to this list of restrictions

Step 2Configure the Class of Restriction lists and

members



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dial-peer voice number{pots | voip}CMERouter(config)#

Defines a dial-peer and enters dial-peer config mode

corlist {incoming | outgoing} list-name

CMERouter(config-dial-peer)#

Specifies a COR list to be used when the dial-peer is

either the incoming or outgoing dial-peer

Step 3Assign the COR list to the dial peers



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ephone-dn tagCMERouter(config)#

Defines an ephone-dn and enters ephone-dn mode

cor {incoming | outgoing} list-name

CMERouter(config-ephone-dn)#

Specifies a COR list to be used when the ephone-dn

is used as either the incoming or outgoing part of a

call

Step 4Assign the COR list to the ephone-dns



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Ephone-dn 1Employee

Ext 1000

Ephone-dn 2Executive

Ext 2000

dial-peer cor custom

name 1xxx

name 2xxx

dial-peer cor list Executive

member 1xxx

member 2xxx

dial-peer cor list Employee

member 1xxx

ephone-dn 1

number 1000

cor incoming Employeeephone-dn 2

number 2000

cor outgoing Executives

The executive can call the employee but the

employee cannot call the executive The incoming COR Employee is not a superset

of the Executive, so the call will not succeed

Class of RestrictionCase Study


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Class of Restriction Case StudyXYZ company

The XYZ company wishes to prevent toll fraud by restricting thedestinations on the PSTN that IP phones and analog phonesattached to FXS port can call.

There should be no restrictions internally; everyone internal shouldbe able to call anyone else internal

All phones MUST be able to call 911 Within the XYZ company there are Lobby phones, Employee phones,

Sales, and Executive phones

The Lobby phone should be able to call only 911 on the PSTN

The Employee phones should be able to call 911 and local calls onthe PSTN

The Sales phones should be able to call 911, local calls, anddomestic long distance on the PSTN

The executives should be able to call 911, local call, domestic longdistance, and international on the PSTN

No one should be able to call 900 numbers



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dial-peer cor custom

name 911

name local

name long_distancename international

name 900

911

local

long_distance

international

900

Step 1 - Define the classes of restriction



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dial-peer cor list call911

member 911

dial-peer cor list callLocal

member local

dial-peer cor list callLD

member long_distance

dial-peer cor list callIntmember international

dial-peer cor list call900

member 900

dial-peer cor list Lobby

member 911

dial-peer cor list Employee

member 911

member local

dial-peer cor list Sales

member 911member local


dial-peer cor list Executive

member 911

member local


member international

Step 2Define the COR lists and members



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dial-peer voice 1 pots

destination-pattern 911

port 1/0/0

corlist outgoing call911


destination-pattern 1[2-9]..[2-9]......

port 1/0/0

corlist outgoing callLD


destination-pattern [2-9]......

port 1/0/0

corlist outgoing callLocal


destination-pattern 1011T

port 1/0/0corlist outgoing callInt


destination-pattern 1900.......

port 1/0/0

corlist outgoing call900

Dial-peer 1COR out call911

Dial-peer 2COR out callLD

Dial-peer 3COR out callLocal

Dial-peer 4COR out callInt

Dial-peer 5COR out call900

Step 3Assign the COR to

the PSTN dial-peers



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ephone-dn 1

number 1001

cor incoming Lobby

ephone-dn 2

number 1002

cor incoming Employee

ephone-dn 3

number 1003

cor incoming Sales

ephone-dn 4

number 1004

cor incoming Executive

Ephone-dn 1COR in Lobby

Ext 1001

Ephone-dn 2COR in Employee

Ext 1002

Ephone-dn 3COR in Sales

Ext 1003

Ephone-dn 4COR in Executive

Ext 1004

Step 4Assign the COR to the ephone-dns



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Ephone-dn 1COR in Lobby

Ext 1001

Ephone-dn 2

COR in EmployeeExt 1002

Ephone-dn 3COR in Sales

Ext 1003

Ephone-dn 4COR in Executive

Ext 1004

Results:

The Lobby ephone-dn can only call911 on the PSTN

The Employee ephone-dn can call911 and local calls on the PSTN

The Sales ephone-dn can call 911,local calls, and long distance on thePSTN

The Executive ephone-dn can call911, local calls, long distance, and

international on the PSTN

No one can call 900 numbers


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4.Voice Dial Plan Configuring Voice Interfaces Dial Peers

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