470572 Russian Military Aircraft

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Page 1: 470572 Russian Military Aircraft

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Russian Military Aircraft

Page 2: 470572 Russian Military Aircraft

Su-7 FITTER A (SUKHOI)The Sukhoi Su-7 is a single seat ground attack aircraft that was long a standard tacticalfighter-bomber with the Soviet Air Force. The development of Su-7 began in the early1950's. First prototype called S-1 "Strela" made its first flight in 1955. The Su-7 wasunveiled to the West at the 1956 Soviet Aviation Day display at Tushino Airport outsideMoscow. The prototype came out to be very promising and Su-7 went in productionseveral years later, with modifications including the Su-7B and Su-7BKL. The airplanewas exported to Czechoslovakia, Poland, Romania, China, and other countries.

The Su-7 is armed with two 30mm NR-30 guns in wing roots, each with 70 rounds.Under-wing pylons allow two 742 kg or two 495 kg of bombs or rocket pods. The wingsare mid- to low-mounted (wings are mounted below center of aircraft) with wide wingroots, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There is one engine in the body. There is acircular air intake in the nose and a large, single exhaust. The fuselage is a long, tubularbody with a blunt nose and rear. There is a large, bubble canopy. The tail is swept-backand has a tapered tail fin with a blunt tip. It has swept-back and tapered flats mid- to low-mounted on the fuselage.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar AircraftLightningF-100 Super SabreMiG-21 Fishbed

Crew One

Role ground-attack

Length 57 ft (17.38 m)

Span 29 ft, 3 in (9 m)

Weight 13,387kg (loaded)

Maximum Speed 1.6 Mach

Maximum Ceiling Unknown

Service Ceiling 18 km

Maximum Range 1,449 km

Cruise range 645nm

Combat Range 250-350 km (with drop tanks)

In-Flight Refueling No

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Internal Fuel 2350 Kg

Payload 1000kg

Drop Tanks 600 L drop tank with 479kg for 69 nm rangeFerry tank with 719kg for 99nm range

Sensors High Fix (SRD-5M) radar.

Armamenttwo Cannon: NR-30 30mmFAB-500, UV-16-57 rocket bods, FAB-250, AA-2,FAB-750, FAB-500

Usesr Countries

AfghanistanAlgeriaBangladeshCzech RepublicNorth KoreaSouth Yemen.

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Su-9/11 FISHPOT (SUKHOI)The Su-9 was the Su-7's interceptor counterpart, serving exclusively with the Soviet PVO(air defence force). The tailed delta Su-9 was generally similar in configuration to theMiG-21, though larger and heavier. This aircraft was never exported outside the SovietUnion, and saw active duty for only a brief period before other aircraft developmentsmoved the Su-9 into second line service. The Su-11 all-weather interceptor was arefinement of the Su-9 with a new engine, new radar and improved armament. TheSukhoi FISHPOT was withdrawn from Soviet service around 1980.

The Su-9 FISHPOT should not be confused with the the SU-9(K), which was a Sukhoire-design the German Me 262, superficially resembling the Me-262 though constituting apractically new design,

SpecificationsCountries of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft , MiG-21

Crew one

Role interceptorair superiority

Armament missilesgunpack

Engines 1 * 9060kg Lyulka Al-7F

Wing Span 8.43m

Length 16.70m

Height

Empty Weight 8750kg

Max.Weight

Speed 1915km/h

Ceiling 16800m

Range

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Su-15 FLAGON (SUKHOI)The Sukhoi Su-15 Flagon all-weather interceptor was withdrawn from Russian serviceabout 1992. Although the aircraft was built in the 1950s, it remained a formidable aircraftwith several upgrades, and was built in large numbers. Its speed is in excess of Mach 2.4and carries large missiles on the outboard portion of the wings.

The aircraft's wings are mid-mounted delta with square tips. There are two turbojets inthe fuselage and two exhausts. The fuselage is rectangular from the air intakes to the tail.The nose is bullet-shaped nose and has a bubble canopy. The tail is swept-back and has atapered fin with a square tip. The flats are swept-back, tapered, and mid-mounted on thefuselage.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft MiG-21 FishbedSuper Etendard

CrewoneFlagon C--two

Roleinterceptorair superiority

Armament missilesgunpack

Length 68 ft (20.7 m)

Span 34 ft, 5 in (10.5 m)

User CountriesCISGeorgiaUkraine

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Su-17,-20,-22 FITTER (SUKHOI)The Su-17 Fitter with its variable sweep wings was developed from the fixed-wing Su-7B. The first public demonstration of it was made in 1969. It was in production for a longtime (1970-1990) and many modifications were built. Some of the modifications wereSu-17M, Su-17M2, Su-17M3, and the Su-17M4 (low-altitude subsonic bomber), Su-17UM (trainer). It was designed as a fighter-bomber, but it was used mostly as a bomber.The Su-17 remains an effective aircraft with capable avionics and impressive armament.Export versions of this aircraft are designated Su-20 and Su-22. The export versions canbe distinguished by a deeper dorsal spine.

The wings are mid- to low-mounted (wings are mounted below the center), variable,swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There are wide wing roots. There is one turbojetengine in the fuselage and a circular air intake in the nose. There is a large, singleexhaust. The fuselage is long and tubular with a blunt nose and rear section. It has a largebubble canopy. There is a prominent dorsal spine on top of the body from the cockpit tothe tail fin. The tail is swept-back and has a tapered fin with a square tip. The flats aremid- to low-mounted on the fuselage and swept-back and tapered.

SpecificationsCountries of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

MiG-21 FishbedSu-7 FitterA-7 Corsair IIG-Y91

Crew One

Role ground-attack

Length 61 ft, 6 in (18.76 m)

Span 45 ft (13.8 m)

Designation Su-17 fitter C Su-22 Fitter F

Ceiling 18000 meters 18000 meters

Cruise range 590 nm 945 nm

In-Flight Refueling No No

Internal Fuel 3700 kg 3950 kg

Payload 3500 kg 3500 kg

Sensors High Fix (Srd-5m) radar,RWR in both models.

Terrain-followingradar, RWR, Balistic

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Fitter D also has LRMTS,possible terrain-followingradar. Balistic bombsight

bombsight

Drop Tanks

800 L drop tank with 639kg offuel for 51nm range1200 l ferry tank with 958kgof fuel for 76 nm range

800 L drop tank with639kg of fuel for 76nm

ArmamentAS-10, AA-8, UV-32-57,FAB-500, TN-1000 nuclearbomb

Cannon: NR-30 30mmAS-7, AS-9, AS-10,AA-8, FAB-500 bombs

User Countries

AzerbaijanBelarusBulgariaCISCzech RepublicGermanyHungaryPolandSlovakia

AfghanistanAlgeriaIranIraqLibyaNorth YemenPeruSouth YemenSyriaVietnam

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Su-24 FENCER (SUKHOI)The wings are high-mounted, variable, swept-back, and tapered. There are twin turbofanengines. The air intakes are tapered away from the body, rectangular-shaped, andmounted on the body forward of the wings’ leading edges. There are twin exhausts. Thefuselage is long, slender, with pointed, solid nose, and rectangular-shaped body from theair intakes to the exhausts. There are two belly fins and four pylons. There is a bubblecanopy. The dorsal spine extends from the cockpit to the tail. The tail fin is swept-backand tapered with square tip. The flats are high-mounted on the fuselage, swept-back, andtapered with angular tips.

VariantsLater production marks may have different engines, POS R-29Bs @11500Kg.

Fencer A is initial production variant w/ squared off aft fuselage. Su-24B has rounded fuselage. Su-24C has changes in EW equipment. Su-24D can be inflight refueled and has longer nose. Su-24E is recon variant for navy; can also carry antiship weapons. Fencer F possible version; perhaps EW variant.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

TornadoF-111F-14 TomcatF-15 EagleMiG-23/-27 Flogger

Crew Two

Roleall-weather attackfighter-bomberstrike

Armamentcannonmissilesbombs

Length 69 ft, 6 in (20 m)

Span 56 ft, 6 in (17.26 m)

Ceiling 16500 meters

Cruise range 1930nm

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In-Flight Refueling Yes

Internal Fuel 10385 kg

Payload 8000 kg

Sensors Fencer radar, terrain-following radar, LRMTS, RWR,Advanced bombsight

Drop Tanks 3000 L drop tank with 2396kg of fuel for 233nm range

ArmamentCannon: GSh-6N-30 30mm rotaryAS-7/9/10/11/12/14, AA-8, FAB-500, TN-1000, AA-11

User Countries

AzerbaijanBelarusCISIranKazakhstanLibyaSyriaUkraine

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Su-25 FROGFOOT Grach (Rook)Su-39 FROGFOOTThe Su-25, which is no longer in serial production, made its first flight in 1979. Thissingle seat ground attack aircraft is a very durable airplane - it is fairly heavily armored --and easy to service - all service equipment can be stored in a container and transported bythe airplane itself. It is armed with one twin barrel 30mm gun in the bottom of thefuselage with 250 rounds. There are 8 pylons under the wings which can carry about4,000 kg of air-to-ground weapons, including 57mm to 330mm rockets. There are twosmall outboard pylons for AA-2D/ATOLL or AA-8/APHID AAMs.

The wings are high-mounted and back-tapered with straight trailing edges. There arepods mounted at the square tips. There are two turbojets mounted alongside the bodyunder the wings. There are semicircular air intakes forward of the wings’ leading edges.There are exhausts to the rear of the wings’ trailing edges. The fuselage is long, andslender and has a rounded nose. The body tapers to the rear section that overhangs theexhausts. There is a stepped canopy. The tail is swept-back and fin is tapered with asquare tip. The flats mid-mounted on the fuselage, unequally tapered with blunt tips.

The Su-39 (also known as the Su-25T or Su-25TM) is a Frogfoot variant incorporatingpost-Afghanistan lessons-learned. It is based on the Su-25UB two-seat trainder, with therear seat and cockpit replaced with a fuel cell and extra avionics. The Su-39 carries theKopyo-25 multi mode radar in a pod under the fuselage. Armament includes groundattack missiles such as the AT-16 Vikhr , anti-ship missiles, and AAMs such as the R-27,R-27ER, R-60, R-73 and R-77. A four-fold reduction in thermal signature has beenachieved through cooling intakes on the upper surface of aircraft, and a new center bodywhich masks hot turbine blades. Only a few dozen of these aircraft have been built.Reports in the mid-1990s that the Su-39 designation had been assigned to a primarytrainer derived from the Su-26 and Su-29 aerobatic competition aircraft, designed toreplace the Yak-52, are apparently incorrect.

VARIANTS

Su-25 (Frogfoot A) -- Original production ground attack aircraft with R-95engines

Su-25K -- Export version of Su-25 Su-25UB (Frogfoot B) (UB - Uchebno-Boevoi, Combat Trainer) -- Two-seat

combat trainer Su-25UBK -- Export version of Su-25UB Su-25UBP -- Naval trainer based on Su-25UB Su-25UT (Frogfoot B) (UT - Uchebno-Trenirovochnyi, Trainer) -- Unarmed

primary trainer (sometimes referred to as Su-28) Su-25UTG (Frogfoot B) (UTG - Uchebno-Trenirovochnyi Gakovyi, Trainer

Naval) -- Naval trainer based on Su-25UT

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Su-25BM -- Enhanced ground attack aircraft with R-195 engines, this is thecurrent production version, and the most numerous in Russian service

Su-25T (Su-25TM Tankovyi Modifitsirovannyi, Antitank) -- Proposed enhancedversion with more armour, improved sensors, and possibly a new gun and engines[Su-25T's production designation is Su-39]

Su-25TK -- Proposed export version of Su-25T

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder SUKHOI

Similar Aircraft

A-6 IntruderMagisterAlpha JetJaguarAMXA-10A Thunderbolt II

Crew One

Role CASground-attack

VARIANT Su-25 Su-39

Length 47 ft, 6 in (14.6 m) 14.52 m

Span 50 ft, 10 in (15.6 m) 15.33 m

Engines 2x Tumanski R-195 @44,1 kN

Weight 17,600kg (loaded) 21500 kg

Maximum Speed .8 Mach 950 km/h

Maximum Ceiling 7000 meters 10000 meters

Service Ceiling 7000 meters

Maximum Range Unknown 2500 km

Cruise range 750nm 650 - 900 km

Combat Range 1,250 km (with droptanks)

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 3500 kg

Payload 4400 kg 6000 kg

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Sensors RWR, laser designator,LRMTS

Drop Tanks 600 L drop tank 479kgfor 51nm range

Armament

Cannon: 1 GSh-6-N-3030mm rotaryAS-7/9/11/12, AA-8Aphid, FAB-250, UV-32-57, FAB-500, 500kgLGB, FAB-250

User Countries

AngolaAzerbaijanBelarusBulgariaCISCzech RepublicIraqGeorgiaHungaryIranNorth KoreaSlovakiaUkraine

Russia

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Su-27 FLANKER (SUKHOI)The introduction, in the mid-1970s, of the USAF F-15 Eagle and F-16 Fighting Falconput the then Eastern bloc fighter pilots at a distinct disadvantage. The deployment of theSu-27 Flanker and MiG-29 Fulcrum in the mid-1980s leveled the playing field. Designedas a high performance fighter with a fly-by-wire control system, and the ability to carryup to 10 AAMs, the highly maneuverable Su-27 is one of the most imposing fighters everbuilt. The first 'Flanker-A' prototypes flew on May 20, 1977 and entered service as the'Flanker-B' in 1984. The development of the Su-27 fighter plane was completed in theearly 1980s, and the plane subsequently set more than 40 world records of altitude andtake-off-speed. It was the forerunner of an entire family of planes, including the Su-27UBtraining plane, the Su-33 ship-based fighter, the Su-37 multi-mission plane and the Su-32FN two-seat specialised plane. The Su-27UB is a two seat training version of Su-27,which first flew in March 1985.

The Su-27 is in service not only in Russia and other CIS countries but also in China andVietnam. China also bought a license for the production of its own Su-27 fighters. Sukhoiin 1997 signed an estimated $180-million contract with Vietnam to supply six Su-27 (ofwhich two Su-27SK and four Su-27UB). It supplied four of them in 1996, and two weredestroyed when the freighter carrying them crashed into an apartment block in Irkutsk atthe end of last year. It is thought that Vietnam plans to buy a total of 24 Sukhoi warplanesfor $800 million by the end of the century. By the end of 1997 Sukhoi had passed all ofthe blueprints over to license production of the Su-27SK in China, and negotiations onthe sale of a further 55 Su-27 fighters to China also began.

The wings are mid-mounted and semidelta with square tips. The LERX extendsdownward and forward of the wing roots. There are two turbojet engines in the fuselage.There are square, diagonally-cut air intakes mounted under the wings alongside thefuselage. The fuselage is rectangular from the air intakes to the tail. The nose is pointedand there is a bubble canopy. The tail fins are swept-back, tapered with square tips, andmounted outboard of the engines. The flats are mid-mounted, swept-back, and tapered.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar AircraftF-15 EagleF-14 TomcatMiG-29 Fulcrum

Crew one

Role interceptorair superiority

Length 69 ft (21 m)

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Span 47 ft, 6 in (14.5 m)

Armament

One 30 mm GSh-301cannonup to 6,000 kg payload of missiles and bombsincludingAA-10 (Alamo) air-to-air missilesAA-11 (Archer) air-to-air missilesFAB-100

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 6350 kg

Drop Tanks Drop tank with 1600kg for 126nm range

Payload 6000kg

Sensors Flash Dance radar, IRST and TV sensors, RWR,Balistic bombsight

Maximum speed Mach 2.35

Maximum weight 30,000 kg

Ceiling 15240-18,000 m

Range1,500 km combat radius [typical]1,800 km cruise radius4,000 km maximum range

PROPULSION Two 12,550 kg thrust Lyulka AL-31F

User Countries

BelarusCISPeople's Republic of ChinaUkraine

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Su-30 (Su-27P)Su-32Su-33 (Su-27K)Su-34 (Su-27IB)Su-35 (Su-27M)Su-37The robust Su-27 platform has served as the basis for a number of improved variants for adiverse range of missions and users.

Su-30 (Su-27P) is a two-seat long-range intercept fighter that first flew in December1989, and that entered service with the Russian air forces in 1992. Largely based on theSu-27UB two-seat trainer, it has a new radiolocation system which can transmit thepositions of 10 targets to four other fighters at the same time. The Su-30 is made inIrkutsk.

Su-30M (MK-export version) is a standard Su-30 with the air-to-ground missiles whichcan carry twice the armament (8 tons) compared to the baseline Su-27. The Su-30 'exportvariant' of the formidable Su-27 'Flanker', can carry the latest Russian air-to-air missiles,including the medium-range R-27 family, the short-range R-73 and the new medium-range R-77 'AMRAAM-ski'. The Sukhoi-30K has a range in excess of 3,000km, whichmeans it can easily patrol offshore installations without requiring aerial refuelling. InJune 1999 Russia agreed to sell 72 of these front-line Sukhoi-30 jet fighter-bombers toChina. The aircraft building enterprise in Komsomolsk-on-Amur (KnAAPO) is likely tobecome the main supplier of a large lot of Su-30MKK fighter jets to China. The cost ofone Su-30MKK fighter jet is estimated at $35 million - $37 million. At the same time,negotiations began for Moscow to grant a licence for the production of another 250Sukhoi-30 fighters. The Su-30MKK for China is different in details from the Su-30MKIversion designed for India. Sukhoi has a $1.5-$1.8 billion deal to supply 40 Su-30MK toIndia. In 1997, a total of eight aircraft were supplied under this contract, which should becompleted at the end of 1999. Negotiations to license the production of the Su-30MKI tothe Hindustan AeronauticsLimited (HAL) works of India continued in 1997. The Indiansreceived feasibility plans, and it is thought that a final decision would be reached thisyear. Production in India would begin after 2001. In all, India might produce 100warplanes in a contract worth more than $1 billion. However, as of mid-1999negotiations on the contract for the licensed production of Su-30MKI fighter by HALremained delayed due to the government crisis in India, which could not be resolved untilafter the Fall 1999 elections. The two sides had agreed on all the basic issues, includingthe value of the licensing contract. As of mid-2000 India had received only eight SU-30Kair defence aircraft and none of the upgraded SU-30MK multi-role aircraft in the Rs

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6310-crore deal signed with Russia in 1996. There had been no deliveries after May1997. India's Defence Research Development Organisation had failed to develop andsupply key avionics sub-systems and failed to procure Western avionics to equip the SU-30MK aircraft for its designated multi-role. Under the contract, the Irkutsk aircraftproduction association will deliver 40 Su-30s to the Indian air force. Within theframework of a contract worth $1.8bn Russia will deliver to India 40 military planes Su-30 in different versions. At the end of 1999 Irkutsk aviation industrial association 'Irkut'was finishing the assembly of ten Su-30MK multifunctional long-range for India's AirForces, equipped with aerial refuelling capabilities. After the deliveries are complete,HAL plans to launch production of new modifications of Su-30s under a Russian licensein cooperation with Sukhoi. The Sukhoi-30 can be modified into a naval version, if theIndian Government decides to acquire an aircraft carrier.

Su-32FN is the two-seat multi-role reconnaissance and strike export version of the Su-34fighter-bomber.

Su-33 (Su-27K) is a carrier-based variant that first flew in May 1985, and entered servicein the Russian Navy in 1994. The air regiment comprising 24 fighters of the type wasformed up on Russia's only operating aircraft carrier, the Admiral Kuznetsov. It has extrasmall wings near the pilots cabin which shorten the take-off distance and improvemanoeuvrability. The Su-33 can also carry guided missiles such as the H-25MP, H-31and H-41. The Su-33 is used in both night and day operations at sea, and operate with thecommand center ship and with the Ka-31 early-warning helicopter. With the R-27EMmissiles it can intercept antiship missiles.

Su-34 (Su-27IB - Istrebitel-Bombardirovshchik) is a two seat ("arm-to-arm") strikevariant that first flew in 1990. It features frontal wings and a large flattened nose withsharp edges (like the SR-71) reduce radar cross-section. This new ship-borne fighter isfitted with two AL-31FP engines with vectored thrust. Using them allows either the take-off distance or maximum take-off weight (MTOW) of the aircraft to be increased by 10-15 per cent. The aircraft has a distinctive large "sting" in the rear which contains the NO-14 radiolocation system, a radioelectronic countermeasures system, and a fuel tank. TheSu-32 and Su-34 have been developed and are in serial production in Novosibirsk for theRussian Ministry of Defence.

Su-35 (Su-27M) is a single-seat attack fighter that first flew in 1988. The Su-35 and Su-37 are made in Komomolsk-na-Amure. Like the Su-33 it features small wings near thecabin to enhance manoeuvrability. It also has new digital pilot control and digital enginecontrol systems, replacing the analog computers in the original Su-27. The radar, with arange of 400 km, can follow the position of 15 targets and fire at 6 of them at the sametime. An improved "Zuk" ("Scarab") radar features a mobile (+/- 130 degree) antennawhich can follow position of 24 targets with ability to fire to 8 of them. The rear "sting"has a radiolocation system, which moved back the center of gravity, and which alongwith other innovations improve its tactical ability. Armaments includee: R-77, R-73, KS-172, R-27EM/AE, R-27E, R-27, H-31, H-29L/T, KAB-500L/KR, KAB-1500, H-15, H-65, H-59M, S-25LD, 500kg and 250 kg bombs.

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Su-37 Super Flanker is a single-seat and/or two-seat multi-role combat aircraft that wasfirst shown in model form at 1991 trade shows. Some wind tunnel tests completed as theaircraft entered the basic design stage in 1992, with foreign partners being sought fordevelopment. Unlike the other twin-engine Su-27 derivatives, the Su-37 conceptoriginally featured a single Soyuz/Tumansky turbofan engine rated at 180 kN (40500 lbst) thrust with afterburning. What finally emerged from the design process was asupermanoeuvrable version of the Su-35 with a pair of AL-37FU afterburning turbofanswith axisymmetric, steerable nozzles and thrust vector control (TVC). When the Su-37was shown at Farnbrough in 1996 it stole the show, performing an astounding aerobaticdisplay.

The Su-30s cost approximately $34 million each - considerably more than the F-16.India, for example, has agreed to buy 40 Su-30MK two-seat fighters for $1.2 billion.Indonesia's planned purchase of Russian fighters and helicopters has been postponedindefinitely owing to the country's economic crisis and the savage devaluation of theRupiah. The Indonesia Department of Defence announced in 1997 that it would buy 12Sukhoi Su-30K fighters in place of the F-16 Fighting Falcon fighters it originally plannedto buy from the US. Indonesia already operates a squadron of 12 F-16s.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Sukhoi

Role

Similar Aircraft

Armament

Su-341 GSh-30-1 30mm cannon with 150 roundsR-27/R-73 AAMsKh-29T/Kh-31P/Kh-59M ASMsbombs, rockets, drop tanksECM podscarried on twelve external points

Su-37

1 x 30 mm gun: GSh-301 (150 rnds)14 x Air-to-Air missiles: AA-10, AA-11, AA-12

Cost approximately $35 million

User Countries

Su-33 Su-30M Su-30MKI Su-34 Su-35 Su-37

Crew 2 2 2 2 1 1

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Dimensions, mWing SpanLengthHeight

7.4 +14.7021.945.93

14.7021.946.36

14.7021.946.36

14.7023.346.36

14.7022.206.43

14.7022.206.43

Wing Area, m2 62 62.04 62.04 62 62 62

Weights, kgemptyNormalMaximum

--

30,000

-24,00033,500

17,70025,67034,000

-39,00045,000

18,40025,70034,000

18,50025,67034,000

Payload, kgMaximumNormal

6,5001,400

8,0001,400

8,0001,400

8,0001,400

8,0001,400

8,0001,400

Fuel, kgMaximumNormal

--

5,0909,400

5,0909,400

-12,100

11,00013,400

11,00013,400

Engine 2 LyulkaAL-31

afterburning

turbofans

2 LyulkaAL-31

afterburning

turbofans

2 LyulkaAL-31

afterburning

turbofans

2 LyulkaAL-

31MFafterburni

ngturbofans,27,557 lb

thrusteach

2 LyulkaAL-37F

afterburning

turbofans

2 LyulkaAL-37FUafterburni

ngturbofans

Speed, km/hCruiseMaximum[at 10 000 m]

1,4002,300

1,3802,125

1,3802,125

1,3001,900

1,4002,500

1,4002,400

Maximum Speed,Mach 2.17 2.3 2.3 1.8 2.3 2.3

Rate of Climb, m/s 230 230 230 - 230 230

Ceiling, m 17,000 17,500 - 14,000 18,000 18,000

Operating Range,kmNormalMaximumFerryLow Altitude

3000---

300052006990

-

300052006990

-

4000(4500)

7000-

600(1300)

32006500

--

32006500

--

Takeoff Distance, - 550 550 1260 - -

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Su-32

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Su-34

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Su-37The Su-37 is a super-maneuverable thrust vectoring fighter derived from an Su-35prototype. The Su-37 represents a new level of capability compared with the Su-27 andSu-35. The Su-37 test aircraft made its maiden flight in April 1996 from the Zhukovskyflight testing center near Moscow. This impressive single-seat all-weather counter-airfighter and ground attack aircraft, derived from the SU-27, has an updated airframecontaining a high proportion of carbon-fibre and Al-Li alloy. The engines, avionics andarmaments are also improvements on those originally installed in the SU-27. The AL-37FU engines are configured for thrust vector control, with the axisymmetric steerablethrust vector control nozzle is fixed on a circular turning unit. The steel nozzle in theexperimental engines is replaced in production engines by titanium units to reduce theweight of the nozzle. The nozzle only moves in the pitch axis, and the nozzles on the twoengines can deflect together or differentially to achieve the desired thrust vector for aparticular maneuver.

The Su-37 has a variety of other innovative equipment such as a radar configured forsimultaneous surveillance of airspace and the ground and a high-precision laser-inertial/satellite navigation system. The all-weather digital multi-mode phased array radaroperates in either air and ground surveillance modes or in both modes simultaneously.Ground surveillance modes include mapping (with Doppler beam sharpening), search-and-track of moving targets, synthetic aperature radar and terrain avoidance. The Su-37 isalso equipped with a rearward facing radar in the tail stinger area of the fuselage. The Su-37 features fly-by-wire and relaxed static instability, which along with 3D thrustvectoring give the aircraft tremendous agility. It incorporates state of the art ECM inwing-tip pods, allowing improved survivability in electronic warfare environments. TheSu-37 can carry air-to-air and air-to-surface weapons on 12 stations. The number ofmissiles and bombs carried can be increased to 14 with the use of multi-payload racks.

Sukhoi used payments earned in the sale of an Su-27 license to China to finance the Su-37 development. Russia's Air Force has not ordered any Su-37s. Sukhoi is studying thepossibility of developing a two-seat version of the Su-37 with enhanced strikecapabilities.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Sukhoi

Role Multi-role fighter

Similar Aircraft

Wing Span 15.16 m / 49 ft 9 in

Length 21.94 m / 72 ft

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Height 6.84 m / 22 ft 5 in

Weight 40,565 lb empty / 74,956 lb max. take off

Engine Two Lyulka AL-37FU vectored-thrust afterburningturbofans, 30,855 lb thrust each

Maximum speed 2,440 km/h / 1,516 mph

Cruising speed

Range 3,500 km / 2,175 miles

Service Ceiling 59,000 ft

Armament

One GSh-30-1 30mm cannon, plus up to 18,075 lbincluding R-73/R-77 AAMs, ASMs, bombs, rockets,drop tanks, and ECM pods carried on fourteen externalpoints

Crew 1

Cost

User Countries under development for Russia

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S-37 BerkutThe S-37 Berkut [Golden Eagle] is a testbed for developing technologies for the nextgeneration of aircraft. The basic dimensions and weight of the S-37 "Berkut" are similarto those of Su-37, although they are different aircraft, and the tail, nose and canopy aresimilar to those of the Su-35. The first two prototypes of this aircraft were evidentlydesignated the S-32, and the S-37 designation was previously applied to an unrelatedfighter project for a smaller delta wing single aircraft that was cancelled due to lack offunding.

The S-37 features forward-swept wings, which promises a range of benefits inaerodynamics at subsonic speeds and at high angles of attack. The forward-swept wing,which enables the aircraft to increase its range and its manoeuvrability at high altitude,makes extensive use of composite materials. The aircraft has large canards mounted onthe intake side, close to the leading edge of the wing. The vertical stabilizers are cantedslightly outward [not inward, as previously believed], and two large auxiliary intakedoors are visible on the center fuselage section. It is still unclear which engines are usedon this aircraft. The two powerplants are at the moment D-30F6 turbojets which arenormaly used at the MiG-31M, while the second prototype uses the Ljulka AL-37FUturbojet with thrust vectoring. The S-37 is an experimental programme for developingfifth-generation technologies, and any decision on serial production of this aircraft wouldbe taken by the Ministry of Defence at a later date.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Sukhoi

Role

Similar Aircraft

Wingspan: 15.16 m - 16.7 m

Length overall: 22.2 m - 22.6 m

Height overall 6.36 m - 6.40 m

Weight empty,equipped :

24,000 kg (52,910 lb) -- 26000 kg (57,320 lb)

Max T-O weight : 34,000 kg (74,960 lb)

Engines:

2 Perm Aviadvigatel D-30F6 (34,170 lbst), or2 Saturn/Lyul'ka AL-37FU afterburning 142.2 kN(31,966 lb st) with afterburningthrust-vectoring in pitch -20o to 20o at 30o per second

Max level speed at 2,500km/h (1,350 knots)

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height :

Max level speed atS/L : 1,400km/h (756 knots)

Service ceiling : 18,000 m (59,050 ft)

Range with max fuelat height : 1,782 nm (3,300 km/2,050 miles)

Number ofhardpoints:

14: 2 wingtip, 6-8 underwing, 6-4 conformalunderfuselage

Air-to-air : R-77, R-77PD, R-73, K-74

Air-to-surface: X-29T, X-29L, X-59M, X-31P, X-31A, KAB-500,KAB-1500

Crew: 1

User Countries

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MiG-15 FAGOT (MIKOYAN-GUREVICH)The Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-15 was originally developed in the Soviet Union as aninterceptor. The RD-45 turbojet powered it, which was a copy of the Rolls Royce Nene.Designed to shoot down heavy bombers, it carried one 37mm and two 23mm cannons.German experience in WWII had shown the need for cannons larger than 20 mm to bringdown four-engine heavy bombers.

The prototype MiG-15 first flew in December 1947. It began appearing in service in 1949and by 1952 it had been provided to a number of Communist satellite nations, includingNorth Korea where it was used extensively against United Nations forces. The MiG-15was deployed against American Air Forces in December of 1950 in Korea. On November8, 1950, 1st Lt. Russell Brown, flying an F-80, shot down a MiG-15 in the first all-jetdogfight in history. It was apparent, however, that the MiG-15 was superior to anyaircraft then in the US inventory.

Initial encounters with American aircraft led to the development of the MiG-15bis(improved). Its VK-1 engine had 1,000 lbs more thrust than the RD-45 engine of theearlier version, and had hydraulic ailerons. Although the MiG-15bis could climb fasterand higher than the F-86, poor turning performance and high mach instability limited itsdogfight performance. In aerial combat against the F-86, the MiG-15 suffered highlosses, but against the B-29 it was very effective and prevented the heavy bombers fromoperating in daylight

SpecificationsSpan 33 ft. 1 1/2 in.

Length 33 ft. 3 5/8 in.

Height 11 ft. 2 in.

Weight 11,270 lbs. max.

Armament Two 23mm cannons and one 37mm cannon, plusrockets or 2,000 lbs. of bombs

Engine VK-1 of 6,000 lbs. thrust (copy of British Rolls-Royce"Nene" engine)

Maximum speed 670 mph.

Cruising speed 525 mph.

Range 500 miles

Service Ceiling 51,000 ft.

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MiG-17 FRESCOJ-5 FRESCOThe design of the MiG-17 was undertaken to correct the deficiencies that the earlier MiG-15 had at higher speeds. It was the first Soviet fighter to have an afterburning engine, theKlimov VK-1.

In 1949, the Mikoyan-Gurevich (MiG) design bureau began work on a new fighter toreplace the MiG-15. Two features of the aircraft were a thinner wing of greater sweepand a redesigned tail that improved stability and handling at speeds approaching Mach 1(speed of sound). Although similar in appearance to the MiG-15, the MiG-17 has moresharply swept wings, an afterburner, better speed and handling characteristics and isabout three feet longer. The wings of the aircraft are mid-mounted, swept-back, andtapered with blunt tips. They have wide wing roots. The engine is one turbojet inside thebody and has a round air intake in the nose. It has a single, small exhaust. The fuselage isshort, thick, cigar-shaped and tapered to the rear. It has a blunt nose and bubble canopy.The tail fin is swept-back and tapered with rounded tip. Flats are high-mounted on the tailfin, swept-back, and tapered. Flats and fin overhang the exhaust.

The prototype MiG-17 (NATO code name Fresco) first flew in January 1950 and wasreported to have exceeded Mach 1 in level flight. Production began in late 1951, but theaircraft were not available in sufficient quantities to take part in the Korean War.Deliveries to the Soviet Air Force began in 1952. Five versions of the aircraft eventuallywere produced. Early production MiG-17s were fitted with the VK-1 engine, a Sovietcopy of the Rolls-Royce Nene. The VK-1F, an improved version with a simpleafterburner and variable nozzle, was developed for the main production version, the MiG-17F (Fresco C). In 1955 the radar equipped MiG-17PF (Fresco D) entered service as alimited all-weather interceptor. The MiG-17PFU was armed with four AA-1 "Alkali"radar-guided missiles, making it the Soviet Union's first missile armed interceptor. Eventhough it was considered obsolete by the mid-1960s, the MiG-17 gave a good accountover Vietnam, being flown by most of the top North Vietnamese pilots, including theleading ace, Colonel Tomb.

The MiG-17 served with nearly 30 air forces worldwide, including the Soviet Union,Warsaw Pact countries, China, Afghanistan, North Korea, Sri Lanka, Syria, Morocco,Cuba, Indonesia, and Cambodia. Though smaller than the USAF F-86 Sabre of KoreanWar fame, its weight and performance favorably compared to that aircraft. Sovietproduction of the MiG-17 ended in 1958 with over 6,000 produced. It continued to bebuilt under license in Poland as the Lim-5P and in China as the J-5/F-4. China's firstreproduced jet fighter plane, the J-5, successfully flew in Shenyang for the first time on19 July 1956, and General Nie Rongzhen went in person to Shenyang to offercongratulations.

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SpecificationsCountries of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

MiG-19 FarmerG.91YSu-17 Fitter,MiG-21 Fishbed

Crew One

Role fighterbomber

Payload 650 kg

Length 36 ft, 5 in (11.1 m)

Span 31 ft, 7 in (9.64 m)

Height 12 feet, 6 inches

Weight 14,770 lbs

Armament

3 NR-23 23mm Cannon4 8x57mm rocket pods or2 type 250kg bombs (729nm)2 400 L drop tanks (936)

EngineOne Valer Klimov VK-1 turbojet with 5,952 lbs. ofthrustJ-5 = Wopen TJ license-built Kilmov VK-1FTJ

Maximum speed 696 mph

Range 1,290 miles

Service Ceiling 52,366 feet / 15850 meters

Internal Fuel 1143 kg

In-Flight Refueling No

Drop Tanks 400 L drop tank with 325kg of fuel for 155nm range

Sensors None

User Countries

AfghanistanAlbaniaAlgeriaAngolaCongoCubaEthiopia

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Guinea RepublicGuinea-BissauMadagascarMaliMongoliaNorth Korea (J-5)North YemenPeople’s Republic of China (J-5)RomaniaSri LankaSomaliaSouth YemenSudanTanzaniaVietnam

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MiG-19 FARMERJ-6 / F-6The MiG-19 Farmer was the first supersonic fighter built in the former USSR. The MiG-19 prototype made its first flight in September 1953 and was placed into production in1955. It was the Soviet Union's primary fighter during the last half of the 1950's. Possiblyas many as 10,000 MiG-19's, in various versions, were built by the Soviet Union, China,Poland, and Czechoslovakia. About 2,000 have been built in the People’s Republic ofChina. Many other countries used the MiG-19, including Cuba, North Vietnam, NorthKorea, Iraq, and most of the Warsaw Pact nations. The Soviet Union phased out the MiG-19 in the early 1960s in favor of the more advanced MiG-21. However, the MiG-19continued to be used by the other nations for many more years.

The F-6 (Jianjiji-6 Fighter aircraft 6) is the Chinese version of the MiG-19, which as ofthe mid-1990s was still in production in China. The J-6, which began flight tests in 1958,was China's first supersonic jet fighter. The F-6 has six attachment points for externalstores (three on each wing). The outboard wing stations can carry a 250 kg bomb. Theoutboard wing stations can also carry a 760 or 400 liter drop tank or the CAA-1b AAM.The inboard wing stations can carry practice bombs or rocket pods with either 8 x 57mm,16 x 57mm, or 7 x 90mm rockets.

The aircraft's wings are mid-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There arewing fences and wide wing roots. There are two turbojet engines mounted inside thebody and a single, round air intake in the nose. Note that what appears to be a single airintake is actually separated on the inside with each engine drawing air from its ownintake. Two aircraft that have a single air intake with two engines are the Lightning andthe G.91Y. There are dual exhausts. The fuselage is long, tube-shaped, and tapers slightlyto the blunt nose and widens to the exhausts. There is a bubble canopy well forward onthe nose. The tail fin is sharply swept-back and tapered with blunt tips. Flats high-mounted on the fuselage and swept-back with blunt tips.

SpecificationsCountries of Origin Russia & China

Builder Mikoyan-Gurevich [Russia] @ Gorki & Novosibirsk??? Aircraft [China]

Similar Aircraft MiG-17 Fresco

Crew one

Role interceptorcapable of attacking ground targets

Length 42 ft, 11 in (13.1 m)

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Span 29 ft, 6 in (9 m)

Height 12 ft. 0 in.

Weight 9,040kg (loaded)

Engine Two Tumansky RD-9 turbojets with 7,165 lbs. thrustea. (with afterburner)

Maximum speed 900 mph / 1,450 km/h/ Mach 1.35

Cruising speed 590 mph /950 km/h / Mach 0.9

Ceiling 17900 meters

Range 425 mi / 685 km radius hi-lo-hi w/ drop tanks1,400 mi / 2,200 km ferry range

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 1732 kg

Drop Tanks800 L drop tank with 639kg of fuel for 138nm range1140 L drop tank with 911kg of fuel for 197nmrange

Payload

Armament

2 or 3 NR-30mm Cannon2 Type 1 250 kg bombs or8x57 rocket pod and 2 800 L drop tanks (923nm)2 PL-2 AAM and 2 1140 L drop tanks (1029nm)2 ARS 212 rockets and 2 800 L drop tanks (923 nm)

Sensors Izmrud radar, RWR, Basic bombsight

User Countries

Albania (J-6)Bangladesh (J-6)Burma (J-6)Cambodia (F-6)CubaEgyptNorth Korea (J-6)Pakistan (J-6)People’s Republic of China (J-6)SudanTanzaniaZambia

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MiG-21 FISHBEDJ-7 (Jianjiji-7) / F-7YF-110The MiG-21F is a short-range day fighter-interceptor and the first major productionversion of the popular MiG-21 series. It is but one of many versions of this aircraft thathave served in the air arms of many nations around the world. The E-5 prototype of theMiG-21 was first flown in 1955 and made its first public appearance during the SovietAviation Day display at Moscow's Tushino Airport in June 1956. During the VietnamWar, MiG-21s were often used against U.S. aircraft. Between April 26, 165, and January8, 1973, USAF F-4s and B-52s downed 68 MiG-21s. More than 30 countries of theworld-including nations friendly to the U.S. -have flown the MiG-21. At least 15 versionsof the MiG-21 have been produced, some outside the Soviet Union. Estimates place thenumber built at more than 8,000, a production total exceeding that of any other modernjet aircraft.

The Soviets licenced the manufacture of the MiG-21F and its engine to China in 1961,and assembly of the first J-7 (Jianjiji-7 Fighter aircraft 7) using Chinese-madecomponents began early 1964. The first flight of the Shenyang-built J-7 came on 17January 1966, and Chengdu production of the J-7-I began in June 1967. Neither versionwas produced in large numbers. Subsequent modifications included development of the J-7-II / J-7B which began in 1975 with production approved in September 1979.Development of F-7M and J-7 III started in 1981. The J-7 III is the Chinese equivalent ofMiG-21MF. Substantially reworked from the J-7 II, the J-7 III first flight occured on 26April 1984. Jointly developed by Chengdu and Guizhou (GAIC), the J-7 III entered PLAAir Force and Navy service beginning in 1992, with production continuing thereafter.

Other development efforts extended through the F-7M Airguard which received aproduction go-ahead in December 1984. In 1988 China delivered the first 20 of 60 F-7MSkybolts to Pakistan. As upgrades, Karachi reportedly was leaning to a totally indigenousChinese aircraft over the Grumman-influenced Sabre II, or F-7P. Development of the"Super 7" upgrade was terminated with the end of American technical assistancefollowing the Tienanmen repression of 1989.

The aircraft has mid-mounted delta wings with small square tips. There is one turbojetinside the body. There is a small round air intake in the nose. There is a single exhaust.The fuselage is a long, tubular body with a blunt nose and bubble canopy. There is onebelly fin under the rear section. There is a large dorsal spine flush with the canopy. Thetail fin swept-back and tapered with a square tip. The flats are mid-mounted on the body,swept-back, and tapered with square tips. The J-7FS modification adds a radar to areconfigured air intake, while the "Super 7" upgrade would have completely reworked thefront end of the aircraft, adding a much larger radar and ventral air inlets, along withvarious other less pronounced improvements.

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By 1989 Chinese production was running at a rate of as much as 14 aircraft per month,primarily for export. The J-7 aircraft was the most widely produced Chinese fighter,replacing older J-6 fighters, the Chinese version of the MiG-19. In 1995 it was projectedthat J-7 production would continue for at least another decade, resulting in a totalinventory of nearly 1000 aircraft by 2005, but in fact the PLAAF inventory has remainedstatic since then at about 500 aircraft, suggesting that production has either beensuspended or terminated.

MiG-21 aircraft acquired by the United States under the Foreign MaterielAcquisition/Exploitation program are designated as the YF-110.

SpecificationsCountriesof Origin

Russia / China

Builder Mikoyan-Gurevich [Russia]Xian Aircraft [China] @ Shenyang, Chengdu & Guizhou

Variants

MiG-21F Fishbed CMiG-21PF Fishbed DMiG-21PFM Fishbed FMiG-21R Fishbed HMiG-21S Fishbed HMiG-21RF Fishbed HMiG-21SM Fishbed JMiG-21M (Type 96/Hindustan Aeronautics-India)MiG-21PFMA Fishbed JMiG-21MF Fishbed JMiG-21SMT Fishbed KMiG-21SMB Fishbed KMiG-21bis-A Fishbed LMiG-21bis-B Fishbed NMiG-21U Mongol AMiG-21US Mongol BMiG-21UM Mongol BJ-7 / F-7 FishbedJ-7 II / F-7B FishbedJ-7 III FishbedF-7M AirguardF-7P Skybolt

SimilarAircraft

Fitters, all models,Mirage III/5,A-4 Skyhawk

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RoleGround-attackinterceptor,trainer

Span 23 ft. 6 in.

Length 51 ft. 9 in.

Height 15 ft. 9 in.

Weight 18,080 lbs. max.

EnginesMiG-21 = Tumansky R-11F-300 @ 12,675 lbst w/afterburnerJ-7 III = Wopen-13 turbofan @ 14,550-lbst

Crew One

Maximumspeed 1,300 mph.

Cruisingspeed

550 mph.

Range

MIG-21 = 400 mi rangeMIG-21bis = 600 nm rangeJ-7 = 230 mi / 370 km lo-lo-lo radiusJ-7B = 375 mi / 600 km radius w/ 2 PL-2 AAM + internal fuelJ-7B = 450 mi / 750 km radius w/ 2 PL-2 AAM + drop tanksJ-7M = 550 mi / 875 km radius w/ 2 PL-2 AAM + drop tanksJ-7 III = 525 mi / 850 km radius hi-hi-hi air superiority w/ 2 AAM + droptanksJ-7 III = 340 mi / 550 km radius lo-lo-hi ground attack w/ 2 bombs + droptanksJ-7 III = 1,350 mi / 2,200 km ferry range

ServiceCeiling 50,000 ft / 14000 meters

InternalFuel

2277 kg MIG-21pfs2364 kg MIG-21bis869 kg J-8

In-FlightRefueling No

DropTanks

MIG-21bis = Drop tank with 391kg of fuel for 51nm rangeMIG-21bis = Drop tank with 631kg of fuel for 80nm rangeMIG-21bis = Drop tank with 391kg of fuel for 50nm rangeJ-7 = 800 l drop tank with 639kg of fuel for 111nm range

Take-OffRunway

F-7M = 700-950 m (2,300-3,120 ft)J-7 III = 800 m (2,625 ft) with afterburning

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LandingRunway

F-7M = 600-900 m (1,970-2,955 ft) with brake-chuteJ-7 III = 550 m (1,805 ft) with flap blowing, drag-chute and brakes

SensorsMIG-21pfs = Spin Scan (R1L) radar, RWR, Balistic bombsight MIG-21bis =Jay Bird radar, RWR, Balistic bombsightJ-7 = Type 222 ranging radar, RWR, Ballistic bombsight

Armament

One NR-30 30mm cannon plusMIG-21pfs = K-13 AA-2 atoll, FAB-500, FAB-250, UV-16-67 rocket podsMIG-21bis = UV-69 57 rocket pods, AA-8 Aphid, FAB-250, FAB-500J-7 = 2 PL-2 or PL-7 AAM and 1 800 L drop tank (685 nm)

UserCountries

AfghanistanAlbania (J-7)AlgeriaAngolaAzerbiajanBangladeshBulgariaBurmaCambodiaChina (J-7)CongoCroatia

CubaCzech RepublicRepublicEgyptEthiopiaFinlandGermanyGuneaHungaryIndiaIranIraq

KazakhstanLaosLibyaMadagascarMaliMongoliaMozambiqueNigeriaNorth KoreaNorth YemenPakistan (J-7)Poland

RomaniaSlovakiaSouth YemenSri LankaSudanSyriaTanzaniaVietnamYugoslaviaZambiaZimbebwe

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F-7P Sabre II "Super 7"

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MiG-23 FLOGGERYF-113Meant as a point defense fighter, the Flogger offered a powerful radar, an infrared searchand track system, a selection of radar and infrared guided weapons and tremendous speed(Mach 2.35) to counter its adversaries. The MiG-23 was designed in 1964-66 as asuccessor to the MiG-21. In addition to a much more powerful engine, the MiG-23's mostsignificant new feature was its variable sweep wing. Like the USAF's swing wing F-111,the sweep of the wings could be changed in flight. Fully spread, this gives a shortertakeoff/landing roll while carrying a heavier weapons load. With the wings fully sweptback, the MiG-23 has greater speed. The wing has three sweep settings: 16, 45, and 72degrees. The prototype first flew in April 1967 and MiG-23s began entering operationalservice in 1971.

The aircraft is in widespread use in Eastern Europe and the Middle East. The MiG-23/27FLOGGER series of aircraft has been used extensively by the former Soviet Union andits Warsaw Pact allies including Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, East Germany, Rumania,and Czechoslovakia. Other countries including Libya, Syria, Egypt, India, Cuba, Algeria,Iraq, Afghanistan and North Korea have imported FLOGGERS.

The MiG-23 series served as fighter-interceptors, with a secondary capability of groundattack. The MiG-23BN and MiG-27 were fighter-bomber variations. The Flogger B is astandard interceptor. Other versions of this aircraft are: C--two seater; G--improvedinterceptor; and E--export. The MiG-23MLD FLOGGER K version was a modificationof the MiG23ML FLOGGER G and incorporated improved avionics, armament, andaerodynamic features. The MiG-23MLD is the most advanced version of the Flogger. Itfeatures a different identification-friend-or-foe system, a more advanced missilecapability and a distinctive notch in the leading edge of the wing to improve flightcharacteristics. More than 4,000 MiG-23/27s are estimated to have been built.

The wings are high-mounted, variable, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There isone turbofan engine inside the body. There are rectangular, box-like air intakes forwardof the wing roots and a single exhaust. The fuselage is long and tubular, except whereintakes give a box-like appearance. It has a long, pointed nose and a stepped canopy.There is a large, swept-back, and tapered belly fin under the rear section. The tail isswept-back, has a tapered tail fin, has a curved dorsal in the leading edge and an angulartip. Swept-back, tapered flats have angular tips and are high-mounted on the fuselage.

MiG-23 aircraft acquired by the United States under the Foreign MaterielAcquisition/Exploitation program are designated as the YF-113.

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SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Variants

MiG-23M Flogger BMiG-23MF Flogger BMiG-23UB Flogger CMiG-23UM Flogger CMiG-23MF Flogger EMiG-23MS Flogger EMiG-23BN Flogger FMiG-23BM Flogger FMiG-23B Flogger FMiG-23ML Flogger GMiG-23P Flogger GMiG-23BK Flogger HMiG-23BN Flogger HMiG-23MLD Flogger KMiG-24 (export MiG-23)

Similar Aircraft

MiG-27 Flogger DTornadoSu-24 FencerF-111

CrewoneMiG-23U -- twoMiG-23C -- two

Role interceptorfighter

Length 55 ft (16.6 m)

Span 46 ft, 9 in (14.26 m)

Ceiling 18600 meters

Cruise range 970 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 4600 kg

Payload 2000 kg

Sensors High Lark radar, RWR, IRST, Basic Bombsight

Drop Tanks 800 L drop tank with 639kg of fuel for 67nm range

Armament Cannon: GSh-23L 23mm

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AS-7 Kerry, UV-16-57, FAB-500, AA-7, ,AA-8, AA-10, AA-11

User Countries AfghanistanAlgeriaAngolaBelarusBulgariaCISCubaCzech RepublicGermanyEthiopiaHungaryIndiaIraqKazakhstanLibyaNorth KoreaPolandRomaniaSouth YemenSudanSyriaUkraineVietnam

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MiG-25 FOXBAT (MIKOYAN-GUREVICH)The Foxbat is a high-performance, high-altitude interceptor. There are several versions ofthis aircraft: A--basic interceptor; B--reconnaissance; C--two-seat trainer; D--reconnaissance with a modified radar; and E. The FOXBAT A aircraft, originallydesigned to counter high-altitude threats, has been converted to FOXBAT E, providing alimited low-altitude look-down and shoot-down capabilities somewhat comparable toFLOGGER. The wings are high-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with square tips. Theaircraft has two turbojet engines and large rectangular air intakes below the canopy andforward of the wing roots. There are dual exhaust. The fuselage is long and slender withsolid, pointed nose. The aircraft is box-like from the air intakes to rear section. It has abubble canopy. On the tail are twin, sweptback, and tapered fins with angular tips. Thereare flats mid- to low-mounted on fuselage, swept-back, and tapered with angular tips.

SpecificationsCountries of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Variants

MiG-25P Foxbat AMiG-25RB Foxbat BMiG-25RBV Foxbat BMiG-25BBT Foxbat BMiG-25R Foxbat BMiG-25PU Foxbat CMiG-25RU Foxbat CMiG-25U Foxbat CMiG-25RBK Foxbat DMiG-25RBS Foxbat DMiG-25RBSh Foxbat DMiG-25RBF Foxbat DMiG-25PD Foxbat EMiG-25PDS Foxbat EMiG-25BM Foxbat F

Similar AircraftF-14 TomcatF-15 EagleMiG-31 Foxhound

Crew One

Role intercepterreconnaissance

Length 70 ft (21.34 m)

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Span 41 ft (12.6 m)

Ceiling 24400 meters

Cruise range 1560 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 14200 kg

Payload

Sensors Foxfire radar

Drop Tanks na

ArmamentAA-6 AcridAA-7 ApexAA-8 Aphid

User Countries

AlgeriaAzerbaijanBelarusBulgariaCISIraqSyriaUkraine

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MiG-27 FLOGGER D, J (MIKOYAN-GUREVICH)The MiG-27 Flogger D/J production was completed in the mid 1980’. They are flown bythe former soviet tactical air force and naval aviation. The MiG-27 Flogger M, namedBahadur (Valiant) is built in India and is still being manufactured today.

The wings are high-mounted, variable, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There isone engine inside the body and rectangular box-like air intakes forward of the wing roots.There is a single exhaust. The fuselage is long and tubular, except where air intakes givea box-like appearance. The aircraft has a long, downward-sloping, sharply pointed noseand a stepped canopy. There is a large, swept-back, and tapered belly fin under the rearsection. The tail is swept-back and tapered tail fin with curved dorsal in leading edge andangular tip. The swept-back and tapered flats high-mounted on the fuselage with angulartips.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

MiG-23 Flogger B/E/GF-111TornadoSu-24 FencerMirage F1Super EtendardJaguar

Crew One

Role ground-attackfighter

Length 55 ft (16.6 m)

Span 46 ft, 9 in (14.26 m)

Ceiling 15240 meters

Cruise range 950 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 4600 kg

Payload 3500 kg

Sensors LRMTS, RWR, Advanced Bombsight

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Drop Tanks 800 L drop tank with 639kg for 66nm range

ArmamentCannon: GSh-6-N-30 30mm rotaryAS-12, AS-14, AA-8, ECN Pod, UV-32-57 rocket pod,AA-8 Aphid, FAB-500

User Countries

BelarusCISIndiaKazakhstan

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MiG-29 FULCRUM (MIKOYAN-GUREVICH)The MiG-29 is marketed worldwide and equals or surpasses the F-15C in several areas.The MiG-29's wings are swept-back and tapered with square tips. LERXs are wide andcurved down to the front. LERX begins on the nose below the mid-mount point, and thewings’ trailing edges end at a high-mounted point. Twin jet engines are mounted low andto the sides of the fuselage. Diagonal-shaped air intakes give a box-like appearance.There is a large exhausts. The fuselage is made of a long, thin, slender body with long,pointed drooping nose. There is a high-mounted bubble canopy. The tail fins havesharply tapered leading edges, canted outward with angular, cutoff tips. Flats are high-mounted on the fuselage, movable, swept-back, and tapered with a negative slant.

The MiG-29 is a widely exported aircraft, flown by Iraq, Iran, North Korea and Cuba.The MiG-29 has a few advantages over its more electronically advanced Americancounterparts. At about 40 miles apart, the American planes have the advantage because ofavionics. At 10 miles the advantage is turning to the MiG. At five miles out, because ofthe MiG weapons sight and better maneuverability, the advantage is to the MiG. Theweapons sight is a helmet-mounted system that allows the missile to follow the line ofsight of the pilot's helmet. Where the pilot looks is where it goes.

The US Department of Defense of the United States of America and the Ministry ofDefense of the Republic of Moldova reached an agreement to implement the CooperativeThreat Reduction accord signed on June 23, 1997, in Moldova. The Pentagon pounced onthe planes after learning Iran had inspected the jets and expressed an interest in addingthem to their inventory. Although Iran already flies the less-capable Fulcrum A, it doesn'town any of the more advanced C-models. Of the 21 Fulcrums the United States bought,14 are the frontline Fulcrum C's, which contain an active radar jammer in its spine, sixolder A's and one B-model two-seat trainer. This agreement authorized the United StatesGovernment to purchase nuclear-capable MiG-29 fighter planes from the Government ofMoldova. This is a joint effort by both Governments to ensure that these dual-use militaryweapons do not fall into the hands of rogue states. From Oct. 20 to Nov. 2, 1997,loadmasters and aerial port experts squeezed two MiGs apiece, sans wings and tails, intothe cargo holds of C-17 Globemaster III transports from Charleston Air Force Base, S.C.The Charleston airlifters delivered the MiGs to the National Air Intelligence Center atWright-Patterson AFB near Dayton, Ohio. If the NAIC can discover how the Fulcrumworks, Air Force pilots might gain an edge if they face the Fulcrum in future combat.

The MiG-29K was initiated in 1984 as a Russian Air Force development program for amulti-role fighter, and in 1989 - 1991 the MiG-29K underwent tests aboard the AdmiralKuznetsov aircraft-carrying cruiser. The MiG-29K differed from the MiG-29 productionmodel, featuring a new multi-function radar, dubbed Zhuk; a cabin with monochromedisplay and use of the HOTAS (hands-on-throttle-and-stick) principle; the RVV-AE air-to-air active homing missiles; antiship and antiradar missiles; as well as air-to-ground

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precision-guided weapons. The MiG-29K program was revived in response to thedecision of the Indian Navy to acquire the Admiral Gorshkov aircraft carrier. This calledfor the provision of the ship with a multi-role ship-based arrested- landing fighter of theMiG-29K size. The ship's combat group will include 12 MiG-29K planes. The aircrafthas a remote control system, large-area (42 m2 vs 38 m2) folding wing, adjustable center-line air intakes with retractable screens protecting the engines during operation fromground airfields, reinforced landing gear, hook, corrosion- protected reinforced fuselagemade specifically for deck-based aircraft.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

F/A-18 HornetF-16 Fighting FalconF-15 EagleSu-27 Flanker

MANUFACTURER Moscow Air Production Organization

TYPEall-weathersingle-seat counter-air fighterattack capability

Crew One

Power Plant Two Klimov/Sarkisov RD-33 turbofans

Thrust 22,200 pounds

Wingspan 36 feet and 5 inches

Height 15 feet and 6.25 inches

Length 56 feet and 10 inches

Weight (empty): 24,030 pounds

Maximum Speed Mach 2.3, 1,520 mph

Ceiling 18400 meters

Cruise range 905 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 4000kg

Payload 4000kg

Sensors Slot Back radar, IRST,RWR, Balistic bombsight

Drop Tanks Drop tank with 800kg of fuel for 90 nm rangeFerry tank with 1500kg of fuel for 255nm range

Armament One 30mm GSh-30L cannon with 150 rounds

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Six AAMs including a mix of SARH andAA- 8 Aphid (R60)AA-10 Alamo (R27T)AA-11 Archer (R73)FAB 500-M62, FAB-1000, TN-100, ECM Pods, S-24AS-12, AS-14

User Countries RussiaBelarusBulgariaCISCroatiaCubaCzech RepublicGermanyHungaryIndiaIranIraqKazakhstanMalaysiaMoldovaNorth KoreaPolandRomaniaSlovakiaSyriaTurkemenistanUkraineUzbekistanYemenYugoslavia

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MiG-31 FOXHOUND (MIKOYAN-GUREVICH)The most capable Russian air defense interceptor aircraft, the FOXHOUND has amultiple-target engagement capability and was the first Soviet fighter to have a true look-down, shoot-down capability. The key to the MiG-31's effectiveness is the SBI-16 Zaslonfixed phased array antenna radar, codenamed 'Flash Dance' by NATO, which is said to bethe world's most powerful fighter radar. The new Soloviev D-30F6 engine was specifiedfor the MiG-31 in order to improve range, the key performance parameter for which animprovement over the MiG-25 was demanded. By 1987 over 150 FOXHOUNDs wereoperationally deployed at several locations from the Arkhangelsk area in thenorthwestern USSR to the Soviet Far East. The FOXHOUND is dedicated to thehomeland air defense mission. The FOXHOUND carries the long-range AA-9 air-to-airmissiles, and can engage 4 different targets simuitaneouly with the M-9.

The wings of the aircraft are high-mounted and swept-back with square tips and anegative slant. There are four underwing pylons. There are two turbofan engines in thefuselage. There are rectangular and diagonal cut air intakes on sides of the fuselage. Theexhausts extend beyond the tail plane. The fuselage is rectangular from the intakes to theexhausts and has a long, pointed nose. The aircraft has a bubble canopy. The tail fins areback-tapered with angular tips and canted outward. The flats are swept-back and taperedand mid- to low-mounted on the body.

In 1992 the Chinese reached agreement with the Russian Federation to buy 24 MiG-31Foxhound long-range interceptors. The MiG-31s were expected to be assembled at anewly set-up factory in Shenyang, with production at a rate of four per month expectedby 2000. The last aircraft was to be delivered by the year 2000. According to somereports the agreement included a license to build as many as 700 aircraft, and someprojection envisioned that at least 200 would actually be deployed by the year 2010.

The first stage of tests of the upgraded MiG-31BM high-speed multifunctional long-range jet fighter were completed in mid-1999. The main difference between the MiG-31P(Foxhound, according to the NATO classification) and the new MiG-31BMmultifunctional air strike system is that the latter is capable of destroying both air andground targets. The designers and manufacturers of the MiG-31 hope that the newmodification will result in international sales. The upgraded MiG-31BM is fitted with apowerful onboard computer system and a radar with a phased array which will allow thepilot to simultaneously activate the air-to-air and air-to-surface missile fire modes. Whenworking with air targets, the MiG-31BM is capable of intercepting up to 24 targetssimultaneously.

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SpecificationsCountries of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar AircraftMiG-25 FoxbatF-14 TomcatF-15 Eagle

Crew Two

Role interceptorair superiority

Length 70 ft, 5 in (21.5 m)

Span 45 ft, 9 in (14 m)

Height: 6.60 m

Wing span: 14.02 m

Wing area: 61.41 sq m

Maximum speed: Mach 2.83

Weight: (empty) 22,000 kg

Weight: (normal) 36,720 kg

Powerplant:Two Tumanski R-15BD-300afterburning turbojets rated at49.78kN each

Maximum Range: 1,250 km

Service ceiling: 20,700 m

Rate of climb: 8 min 54 sec to 20,000 m

Ceiling 24400 meters

Cruise range 1620 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 14200kg

Drop Tanks 2000L drop tank with 1600kg of fuel for 91 nm range

Sensors LD/SD TWS radar, possible IRST, RWR

Armament cannonR-33 AA-9 AmosAA-11 Archer

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Typically

two R-40 missilesFour R-60 missiles

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MiG-35 / 1.42 Multirole Front-LineFighter [MFI]The new MiG Multirole Front-Line Fighter [MFI - Mnogofounksionalni FrontovoiIstrebiel ] was unveiled publicly on 12 January 1999. The project has been underdevelopment since 1986, is variously designated the 1.42, the 1.44, I-42 and I-44 - the"MiG-35" and "MiG-39" designations are informally applied by some observers. Thismulti-functional front-line fifth-generation fighter was developed by the MIG [Mikoyan& Gurevich] aviation scientific and production complex of the MAPO military-industrialcorporation. The first prototype was delivered early in 1994, and in December 1884 taxi-tests were conducted following which further work was suspended due to a shortage offunds. The 35-ton fighter features a single under-fuselage air intake with two AL41Fengines of 20 tons thrust each, and a top speed of over 2,500 km/h. The twin-tail "duck"planform features an all-moving canard-type foreplane with a wingspan of about 15meters and a length of about 20 meters.

The MAPO-MiG enterprise claims the new fighter would be able to outperform the F-22Raptor, the most advanced US air-superiority fighter. Although the primary mission ofthe MFI is air-superiority, unlike the F-22 the MFI is also capable of performing strikemission, and thus in both conception and configuration is more directly comparable to thesimilar multi-role EFA2000 Eurofighter. Like the American F-22, the MFI has a thrustvectoring system that allows it to make sharp turns. It also has similar stealth capabilities,with the canard, wing and fuselage structures incorporating carbon-fiber and polymercomposite materials. Other stealth features include radar-absorbing covering, screeningof radar-visible structure elements, and reduced heat signature. The fifth-generationpulse-doppler radar has a phased-array andtenna with electronic scanning tosimultaneously attack over 20 targets. The aircraft can carry long-range air-to-air and air-to-surface guided missiles, and it is armed with a 30-mm cannon.

In March 1997, military officials scrapped plans to manufacture the MFI because it wastoo expensive. The Defense Ministry supports the MFI development program, and willdecide on production following flight tests that could take up to seven years. The Russianair force will not gain one new, state-of-the-art warplane before the year 2005 because ofinsufficient financing. No new warplanes have been acquired since 1996.

SpecificationsPrime contractor MiG-MAPO

Nation of origin Russia

Function Multi-role fighter

Crew 1

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First Flight 1999?

In-service year ?

Engine Two Lyulka AL-41F vectored-thrust afterburningturbofans, 39,340 lb thrust each

Wing span 15 m / 49 ft 3 in

Length 19 m / 62 ft 4 in

Height 6 m / 19 ft 8 in

Canard span 5 m / 16 ft 5 in

Weight (approx.) 33,069 lb empty /44,092 lb max. take off

Ceiling N/A

Speed @ altitude: In excess of 2,448 km/h / 1,521 mph@ supercruise: In excess of 1,224 km/h / 760 mph

Range N/A

Armament Unknown but surely any AAMs in Russian arsenal

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Yak-28 FIREBARYak-28 BrewerThe Yak -28 first entered service in the early 1960s. Four variants saw extensive: theYak-28 attack version, the Yak-28P Firebar all-weather interceptor, the Yak-28R multi-sensor reconnaissance aircraft, and the Yak-28U dual control trainer. The Yak-28PFirebar interceptor was withdrawn in the 1980s.

The wings are high-mounted, swept-back, and untapered from the engines to the largeblunt tips. The wings have wide roots. There are two turbojet engines in pods under thewings. The pods extend well beyond the wings’ leading and trailing edges. The fuselageis long with pointed, glazed nose and is tapered to the rear section. There is a bubblecanopy and a belly fin under the rear section. The tail fin is swept-back and tapered witha blunt tip. The tail flats are mid-mounted on the tail fin, swept-back, and tapered withblunt tips.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Builder YAKOVLEV

Similar Aircraft Il-28 Beagle

Crew Two

Rolefighter-bomberreconnaissanceEW Jammer - Yak-28 Brewer E

Armamentbombscannonsrockets

Length 70 ft (21.36 m)

Span 41 ft (12.06 m)

Ceiling 16750 meters

Cruise range 755 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 8500 kg

Sensors Mushroom radar, ESM, Basic bombsight

Drop Tanks 1000 L slipper tank with 799kg of fuel for 53nm range

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Yak-36 FreehandThe Yak-36 Freehand was a twin-engined VTOL fighter. Vertical thrust was exhaustedthrough nozzles in the tail, each wing and from the front of the long probe on the nose.The first flight was in September, 1963.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

Crew One

Type Attack

Length

Span

Ceiling

Cruise range

In-Flight Refueling

Internal Fuel

Payload

Sensors

Drop Tanks

Armament

User County CIS

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Yak-38 FORGER (YAKOVLEV)Production of the Yak-38 Forger began in 1975 making it the world’s second operationalVSTOL aircraft, after the Harrier series. The aircraft's wings are mid-mounted, delta-shaped with blunt tips and a negative slant. There is one turbo engine and two lift jets.There are two exhausts on the bottom of the rear fuselage. Large, semicircular air intakesare below the cockpit well forward of the wings. The fuselage is long and has a pointednose and tapered tail section. The Yak-38 has a bubble canopy. The tail is swept-backand the tail fin is tapered with a square angular tip and a small step in the leading edge.Flats are mid-mounted on the body, swept-back, and tapered with a negative slant.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft

AV-8B Harrier IISuper EtendardFantan AMirage F1

Crew OneForger B—two

Type Attack

Length 52 ft, 6 in (16 m)

Span 24 ft, 7 in (7.5 m)

Ceiling 12200 meters

Cruise range 12200 meters

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 2268 kg

Payload 1362 kg

Sensors Ranging radar, laser rangefinder, nose IR sensor(possibly IRST). Advanced bombsight

Drop Tanks 600 L drop tank with 479kg for 42nm range

Armament AS-10, UV-32-57, FAB-500, AA-8

User County CIS

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Yak-141 FreestyleThe Yak-141 (formerly Yak-41) was intended originally to replace Yak-38 for airdefence of Kiev class carriers/cruisers, with secondary attack capabilities. Designed forcarrier-borne operations as an air interceptor, close air combat, maritime and groundattack aircraft, the Yak-141 has the same multi-mode radar as the MiG-29, although witha slightly smaller antenna housed in the nose radome. It features a triplex full authoritydigital fly-by-wire system.The Yak-141 continues previous Soviet V/STOL principles, combining a lift andpropulsion jet with two fuselage mounted lift jets in tandem behind the cockpit, withcruise power provided by a single Tumansky R-79 jet engine. The R-79 has a rearlift/cruise nozzle which deflect down for take-off while the two lift engines havecorresponding rearward vector to ensure stability. The airframe makes extensive use ofcomposites materials, with some 28 percent by weight constructed of carbon-fibre,primarily in the tail assembly, while the remainder of the structure is mainly aluminumlithium alloys.The project began in 1975, but was delayed by financial constraints as well as theprotracted development of the engine, which meant the prototype did not fly until March1989. This development program was cancelled due to termination of Defence Ministryfunding. Yakolev OKB continued development in refined land-based and naval combataircraft forms. Four prototypes were built, two continuing in flight testing until 1995,with the other two used for engine and structural testing. To facilitate sales of the Yak-141, Yeltsin has issued decrees allowing tri- or quadripartite agreements with a numberof interested organizations in Latin America and Asia.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Yakovlev

Role air defence

Similar Aircraft

Span 33ft 1 1/2in (10.105m);folded, 19ft 4 1/4in (5.9m)

wing area 341.56ft(2) (31.7m(2))

length overall 60ft 2 3/4in (18.36m)

height 16ft 4 1/4in (5m)

wheel track 9ft lOin (3m)

wheel base 22ft 9 1/4in (6.945m)

tailplane span 19ft 4 1/4in (5.9m)

Weights 25,684lb (11,650kg) Empty, equipped

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34,833lb (15,800kg) VTO max take-off weight42,990lb (19,500kg) STO max take-off weight

Loads2,204lb (1,OOOkg) VTO max external load5,732lb (2,600kg) STO max external load3,858lb (1,750kg) max external fuel

Armament

30 mm cannonAA-10 Alamo radar-guided medium-range AAMAA-11 Archer shortrange IR-guided missilebombsunguided rockets

limiting load factor 50% fuel, 7g.

Accommodation Single pilot in a Zvezda K36V rocket-boosted zero-zero ejection-seat.

Power Plant

One Kobchenko/Soyuz R-79-300 vectored-thrustlift/cruise turbofan developing 34,170lb (15,500kg)with afterburning for conventional take-off, or23,148.5lb (10,500kg) dry,plustwo Rybinsk RD- 41 turbofan lift engines each ratedat a maximum 9,039lb (4,100kg)

Max internal fuelcapacity 9,700lb (4,400kg)

Maximum Speed675 kts (1,250km/hr) Max level speed, sea level971 kts (1,800km/hr) at 36,089ft (11,OOOm)M=1.8 max achievable Mach number

vertical climb rate 49,213ft/min (250m/sec)

service ceiling over 49,000ft (15,000m+)

combat radius

351nm (650km) VTO range at sea level, no externalweapons372nm (690km) with 4,409lb (2,000kg) weapon loadand take-off run of 394ft (120m)755nm (1,400km) at 32,808-39,370ft (10-12,000m)1,133nm (2,100km) max range, with external fueland short take-off755nm (1,400km) with vertical takeoff and internalfuel

Cost

User Countries

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AN-2 ColtAN-3 ColtY-5 ColtAn-2 was initially developed as an agricultural aircraft. Hence, the initial project namewas SKh-1 (Selskoe Khozaistvo - Agriculture). First prototype flew on August 31, 1947.The aircraft went in production in 1949 and over 5000 were built. China began producingthe AN-2 aircraft in the early 70s and it is still used by the North Korean military fortroop transport. The AN-2 Colt provides combat support and combat service support toinclude reconnaissance, airborne or airland resupply as well as airborne insertion ofdetachments. The crew consists of two pilots and can accomodate eight passengers. TheAN-2 is night capable but the cockpit is not adapted for NVG use.The Y-5 is Chinese copy of the Antonov An-2.The An-3 is modification of the An-2 airplane, powered by a TVD-20 turboprop enginewith the AV-17 three-blade propeller. The An-3 has new crew cabin design, heating andventilation equipment, electrical engineering, flight/navigation equipment, alarm system,anti-fire equipment, and be used in the following versions: cargo, cargo/passenger,agricaltural, extinguishing forest fire, ambulance.

The biplane are rectangular-shaped with curved tips, with one high-mounted and onelow-mounted (shorter), connected and braced by two struts. A single radial piston engine(some versions are turboprop) is mounted in the nose. The fuselage is Short and thickwith solid, blunt nose, a stepped cockpit, and fixed landing gear. The tail fin is taperedwith a large, round tip. The flats are low-mounted on the tail fin and rectangular-shapedwith curved tips.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin USSR, Poland

Builder

Role Light-transport (10 equipped troops), general utility

Similar Aircraft U-6A Beaver, OV-1 Mohawk, OV-10 Bronco

Wing Span 59 ft, 8 in (18.19 m)

Length 41 ft, 9 in (12.75 m)

Height 4.1 m

Weight

3330 kg - empty5500 kg - maximum takeoff5800 kg - maximum takeoff [An-3]1500 kg - maximum payload

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1800 kg - maximum payload [An-3]

Engine 1xASh-62 IR, 985 hp1xTVD-10B, 959 hp [AN-3]

Maximum speed 250 km/h

Cruising speed 220 km/h / 220-260 km/h [AN-3]

Range 1025 km - with maximum fuel300 km - with maximum load

Service Ceiling 5000 m

Runway650 m - dirt takeoff-landing strip650 m - dirt takeoff-landing strip [An-3]400 m - surfaced takeoff-landing

Armament Usually none

Crew Two

Cost

User Countries

Afghanistan, Albania (Y-5), Angola, Benin, Bulgaria,Cambodia, CIS, Cuba, Germany, Iraq, Laos, Mali,Mongolia, Nicaragua, North Korea, People’s Republicof China (Y-5), Poland, Romania, Tanzania, Vietnam

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An-12 CUBY-8An-12 is a development of the An-10. The first prototype flew in March of 1957, thesame month as the An-10 prototype, which indicates the close relationship between theaircraft. The civilian version, the An-12B, first flew in 1961 and went in production in1962. Over 900 An-12 Cubs were built before production ended in 1973. In the mid-1990s large numbers of the Cub are still in service with the CIS air force.The wings are high-mounted with drooping outer wing panels, back-tapered leadingedges, straight trailing edges, and blunt tips. Four turboprop engines are mounted underthe wings’ leading edges. The round, slender body features a stepped cockpit andglassed-in nose, with landing gear pods which bulge at lower body midsection. The tailflats are unequally tapered with blunt tips and mounted high on the fuselage. The fin istapered with a blunt tip and a step in the leading edge. Two 23-mm guns are mounted in atail turret.The Shaanxi Y-8 is a licensed version of An-12 built in China. An AEW version has beenreported to be under development. The Y-8MP, the maritime patrol version, is the firstlong-range maritime patrol aircraft deployed by the Peoples Liberation Army Navy[PLAN]. With a rrange of 5,600km, it consists of the Y-8/An-12 transport aircraft,equipped with a Litton APSO-504(V)3 surface search radar in an enlarged undernoseradome along with additional navigational systems. About half a dozen Y-8Xs patrolaircraft are believed in service, and although the aircraft has the potential to carry a largeload of weapons, it is believed at present to be un-armed. The Chinese Navy alsoreportedly is acquiring Skymaster AEW radars. While Chinese officials claim theseradars will be used for search and rescue operations, they could be used in AEW andsurface surveillance roles.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder ANTONOV

Role Medium-cargo/transport, ECM, ELINT

Similar Aircraft C-130 Hercules, C-160 Transall, G.222

Crew 3-6

Wingspan 38.0 m / 124 ft, 8 in

Length 33.1 m / 121 ft, 4 in

Height 10.53 m

Wing area 121.7 sq. m

Empty weight 30500 kg

Takeoff weight 54000 kg

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Max. takeoff weight 61000 kg

Engines 4 AI-20M, 4250 hp each

Max. speed 640 km/h

Cruise speed 600 km/h

Landing speed 170 km/h

Ceiling 10200 m

Takeoff roll 850 m

Landing roll 860 m

Range 5500 km

Armament twin 23mm NR-23 cannons in tail

Payload

100 equipped troopsvehicles and weapons130 passengers or cargo

13.5 m x 2.6 m x 3.5 m (122.9 cu. m) cargo bay

Cost

User Countries

Angola, Afghanistan, Bulgaria, CIS, Czech Republic,Egypt, Ethiopia, India, Iraq, People’s Republic ofChina (Y-12), Poland, Slovakia, South Yemen, SriLanka, Syria (Y-12), Yugoslavia

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An-22 Antei CockThe first An-22 flew on 24 February 1965, and it was publicly displayed at the ParisInternational Air Show at Le Bourget the same year. The largest transport aircraft of thetime, An-22 set a number of world records. Despite orders for 100 An-22, only 48 aircraftwere actually flying by 1983.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Antonov

Role heavy transport

Similar Aircraft

Crew 5-8

Wingspan 64.4 m

Length 55.5 m

Height 17.5 m

Wing area 480.0 sq. m

Empty weight 116000 kg

Takeoff weight 250000 kg

Engines 4 NK-12MV, 14791 hp each

Max. speed 740 km/h

Cruise speed 680 km/h

Ceiling 10000 m

Takeoff roll 1100 m

Landing roll 800 m

Range 11000 km

Range withmaximum payload 5000 km

Payload 72500 kg in a 33 m x 4.4 m x 4.4 m (638.9 cu. m) cargobay

Cost

User Countries

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An-24 COKEAn-26 CURLY-7Development of the An-24 began in 1960 in response to an Aeroflot requirement for acheap and simple transport to replace the Li-2 (licensed DC-3), Il-2, and Il-14 aircraft.Two prototypes flew in September 1962, and the An-24 Coke first entered service in1962. The production version turned out to be a reliable aircraft - An-24 was shown to beable to maintain an altitude of 3000 m with full payload and only one working engine.The An-24RT transport aircraft features an additional RU-19-300 jet engine. The An-26is a development of An-24RT. One of the main modifications was a rear loading ramp.More than 1,100 of this versatile transport aircraft were built before production ended in1978. The Coke’s replacement, the An-26 Curl, has many of the same features as theCoke.

The Xian Yunshuji Y-7 is a reverse-engineered Chinese version of the Antonov An-24.

The wings are high-mounted and equally tapered from the engines to the blunt tips. Twoturboprops are mounted in pods beneath the wings, which extend beyond the wings’leading and trailing edges. The fuselage is long and slender with an upswept rear sectionand a solid, rounded nose featuring a stepped cockpit. The fin is back-tapered with ablunt tip and angular fairing. Flats are high-mounted on the body, back-tapered with blunttips, and have a positive slant.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia, China

Builder ANTONOV

Role Short haul, light-transport, paratroop - cargo

Similar Aircraft An-32 Cline, IL-20 Coot, P-3C Orion, An-12 Cub

An-24 COKE An-26 CURL

Crew 2-3 3

Wingspan 29.2 m 29.2 m

Length 23.5 m 23.8 m

Height 8.3 m 8.6 m

Wing area 72.5 sq. m 75.0 sq. m

Takeoff weight 21000 kg 24000 kg

Engines 2 AI-24, 2514 hp each 2 AI-24T, 2783 hp

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each1 RU-19A-300 8.8 kNthrust

Max. speed 540 km/h at 6000 m

Cruise speed 500 km/h 430 km/h

Landing speed 165 km/h 175 km/h

Climb rate 3.3 m/s

Ceiling 8400 m 7500 m

Takeoff roll 620 m 640 m

Landing roll 580 m 610 m

Range 2280 km 2550 km

Range with maximumpayload

750 km 980 km

Payload 24-50 passengers 38-40 passengers or6000 kg of cargo

Cost

User Countries

Afghanistan, Angola, Bangladesh, Benin, Bulgaria,Cambodia, Cape Verde, Congo, CIS, Cuba, CzechRepublic, Ethiopia, Germany, Hungary, Iraq, Laos,Libya, Madagascar, Mali, Mongolia, Mozambique,Nicaragua, North Korea, People’s Republic of China(Y-7), Poland, Romania, Slovakia, Somalia, SouthYemen, Syria, Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zambia.

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An-32 CLINE (ANTONOV)The An-32 Cline is a direct development of the An-24 Coke. Major recognitiondifferences of the Cline are the engines mounted over the wings, and a large belly finbeneath the tail section. The wings are high-mounted and equally tapered from theengines to the blunt tips. Two turboprops mounted in pods over the wings which extendbeyond the wings’ leading and trailing edges. The fuselage is long and tubular, withupswept rear section and solid, rounded nose and stepped cockpit. The fin is unequallytapered with blunt tip and angular fairing. Flats are high-mounted on the body, back-tapered with blunt tips, and have a positive slant.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder

Role Short- to medium-range, light-transport, cargo (39equipped troops, small vehicles), airdrop

Similar Aircraft An-24 Coke, An-26 Curl

Wing Span 95 ft, 9 in (29.2 m)

Length 78 ft (23.75 m)

Height

Weight

Engine

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament Usually none

Crew Five

Cost

User Countries CIS, Cuba, India, Mongolia, Peru

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Antonov-70The Antonov-70 is a new propfan powered medium-size wide-body short take-off andlanding transport aircraft. Development of the An-70 program, which began in 1975,effectively stopped with the collapse of the Soviet Union. The first flight was on 16December 1994, but the prototype was destroyed on 10 February 1995 in a midaircollision. However, as of mid-1998 Germany reamined interested in evaluating aWesternized version of the An-70 to meet its airlift needs.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin

Builder

Role

Similar Aircraft

Wing Span

Length

Height

Weight

Engine Four ZMKB Ivchenko Progress D-27 propfans

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament

Crew

Cost

User Countries

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An-72 COALERAn-74 COALERThe An-72 Coaler is designed as a short takeoff and landing aircraft which can operatefrom unprepared airfields. The An-72 originated as An-32, but was later fitted with jetengines. The first prototype flew on December 22, 1977, and the aircraft entered servicein 1979.

The wings are high-mounted and back-tapered with blunt tips and a negative slant. Twoturbofans are mounted in long pods mounted on top of the wings. Round air intakesextend from the front of the wings’ leading edges. The engines were placed on theleading edge of the wings to increase lift for STOL capability, with the jet exhaustsblowing over titanium panels on the upper surface. The engine position also gives goodForeign Object Damage (FOD) protection. The fuselage is circular with round, solidnose, upswept rear section, and a flush cockpit. The rear fuselage has a hinged loadingramp with a rear fairing that slides backwards and up to clear the opening. Up to 7.5 tonscan be airdropped, and there are folding side seats for 42 paratroops or 52 passengers.The swept-back, untapered fin features back-tapered flats high-mounted on the finforming a T.

The An-72P is a maritime patrol variant with bulged observation windows, liferaftprovision, cameras as well as offensive armament, including underwing rocket pods, apodded cannon on the undercarriage sponson and bombs that can be mounted in the rearfuselage and dropped through the open rear ramp. The An-74 derivative of the An-72featured improved avionics and radar together with an extended wingspan and increasedrange. It was designed to operate in the polar regions where it can land on ice floes forresupply or rescue work. The An-71 AEW aircraft also featured the extended wingspan,along with a large radar dish on top of the tail.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder ANTONOV

Role Medium-transport, STOL

Similar Aircraft C-160 Transall, G.222

Wing Span 84 ft, 9 in (25.8 m)

Length 87 ft, 2 in (26.6 m)

Height 8.2 m

Weight 26,500 kg takeoff weight30,500 kg Max. takeoff weight

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Engine 2 Lotarev D-36, 62.8 kN thrust each

Maximum speed

Cruising speed 720 km/h

Landing speed 165 km/h

Airfield Takeoff roll: 400-450 mLanding roll: 350-400 m

Range 3200 km maximum1200 km with maximum payload

Ceiling 11000 m maximum8000 m cruise

Armament None

Payload 32 passengers or 5000 kg of cargo

Crew Three

Cost

User Countries

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An-124 CONDOR (ANTONOV)An-124 was created in the tradition of An-22 to be the largest transport aircraft in theworld. It is larger than the C-5B Galaxy, but smaller than the An-225 Mriya (NATOnamed Cossack) which carries the Russian space shuttle. The first prototype (SSSR82002, Number 318) flew on December 26, 1982. The wings are high-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with curved tips and negative slant. Four turbofans are mounted onpylons under the wings. The fuselage is a thick oval in cross-section with a rounded noseand tapering to the rear. The tail fin is swept-back and tapered with rounded tips. Flats areswept-back, tapered, and mid-mounted on the body.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder

Role Strategic transport

Similar Aircraft C-5B Galaxy, C-17A Globemaster III

Wing Span 240 ft, 5 in (73.3 m)

Length 226 ft, 3 in (69 m)

Height

Weight 405000 kg

Engine 4 - Lotarev D-18T, 229.9 kN thrust each

Maximum speed

Cruising speed 865 km/h

Range 16,500 km maximum range4,500 km with maximum payload

Service Ceiling 12000 m

Armament none

Payload 88 passengers or cargo in a 36.5 m x 6.4 m x 4.4 m(1027.8 cu. m) cargo bay

Crew Six--seven with loadmaster

Cost

User Countries

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Il-14 CRATEApproximately 3,600 Il-14 Crates were produced for both military and civilian use. TheCrate has been widely exported to other countries. The wings are low-mounted and havestraight leading edges and forward-tapered trailing edges with blunt tips. Two pistonengines are mounted in and extending beyond the wings’ leading edges. The fuselage islong, cigar-shaped, and tapered to the rear section, featuring a rounded, solid nose andstepped cockpit. The tail flats are mid-mounted on the body and back-tapered withrounded tips. The large fin is tapered, with a square tip and a small fairing in the leadingedge.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder ILYUSHIN

Role Medium-transport, cargo (five equipped troops)

Similar Aircraft DC-3 Dakota

Wing Span 104 ft (31.70 m)

Length 73 ft, 2 in (22.3 m)

Height

Weight

Engine

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament Usually none

Crew Five

Cost

User CountriesAfghanistan, Albania, Bulgaria, CIS, Chad, Cuba,Czech Republic, Iraq, North Korea, People’s Republicof China, Poland, Romania, South Yemen, Vietnam

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Il-76 CANDIDIl-78 MIDASThe Il-76 Candid entered service with the former Soviet air force in 1974. The wings arehigh-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips and a slight negative slant. Fourturbofan engines are mounted on pylons under and extending beyond wings’ leadingedges. The fuselage is long, round, and tapering to the rear, featuring a rounded nose withradome on the chin. The bottom portion of nose glassed-in. The tail flats are swept-back,tapered, and high-mounted on a swept-back, with the tapered tail fin forming a T.The ll-76MF(TF) is the latest development of the popular cargo aircraft and features a 6.6meter fuselage extension which increases the size of the cargo compartment by 1.3 to 1.5times, while new PS-90A-76 turbofans each provide 16 tonnes of thrust. The lower fuelconsumption of the new engines increase fuel efficiency by 30%, permitting a 25%increase in range. Furthermore, the additional power increases the maximum take-offweight to 210 tonnes and the payload to 52 ton. Noise and emission levels meet ICAOstandard. The ll-76MD and ll-76TD are unique in their class and they can carry cargoweighing up to 50 tonnes over ranges of up to 4000 km.

In addition to the Candid, other versions of the aircraft include the A-50 Mainstayairborne early warning platform, and the Il-78 Midas aerial refueling tanker. The Midas isa three-point tanker probe and drogue based on (or converted from) the airframe of the Il-76MD military freighter, carrying a maximum payload of 48,000 kg. This new aerial-refueling tanker aircraft began development in teh early 1980s. When deployed, the newtanker supported tactical and strategic aircraft and significantly improved the ability ofSoviet aircraft to conduct longer range operations. The former Soviet Union's onlyoperational Il-78M regiment was based in Ukraine, which retained the aircraft afterindependence. Only a handful remained in Russian hands.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder ILYUSHIN

Role Heavy-transport, cargo (tanks, guns, and otherequipment)

Similar Aircraft C-141B Starlifter, C-5 Galaxy, C-17A Globemaster III

Wing Span 165 ft, 8 in (50.6 m)

Length 152 ft, 10 in (46.6 m)

Height

Weight

Payload Weight

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Engine

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament Rear gun turret on military model

Crew Seven

Cost

User Countries CIS, Cuba, Iraq, India, Libya, Syria

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Beriev Be-42 / A-40 Albatros /MERMAIDThe largest amphibian plane in the world, the A-40 Albatros military maritime patrol andsurveillance aircraft, first flew in 1986 and entered service in limited numbers in 1990.Designed to replace old the Beriev Be-12 and Ilyushin Il-38 in Russian Navy aviationanti-submarine service, the A-40 was developed to provide access to remote areas in theeast of the Soviet Union, transporting replacement maritime crews, anti-submarineoperations, and SAR work. This product of the G.M.Beriev Taganrog AviationScientific-Engineering Complex, was detected by US intelligence in 1988 and designatedMERMAID by NATO. The A-40 aircraft was publicly revealed at the Tushino airshow inAugust 1989. The Be-42 is a unique aircraft, with its high-aspect ratio, slightly sweptwings, slender fuselage, and booster engines faired in beneath the main engines. Theunmistakable shape features a high wing with two large motors placed over the wing, a"T" tail and a probe for the in-flight refueling. Despite a lack of production orders theBeriev A-40 Albatros has accumulated a number of world-wide performance recordsfrom its first flight in 1986.

The Beriev BE-200 is a twin engine multiple amphibious aircraft derived from the muchlarger Beriev A-40. The Be-200 is intended for production in transport, passenger-carrying, fire-fighting, patrol and search-and-rescue versions. The aircraft's maximumtake-off weight of 42 ton is half that of the A-20. The Russian Ministry of Forests hasexpressed interest in 10 to 50 Be-200s for fire-fighting roles, although the requiredfinance is unlikely to be available for some time. Production is being undertaken byBeriev's associated Irkutsk factory within IAPO, which also builds the two-seat SukhoiSu-30 series, including the MKI versions for India. Interest has also been expressed bySouth Korea in a version of the Be-200 for maritime patrol.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Beriev

Role Amphibious anti-submarine patrol aircraft

Similar Aircraft

Wing Span 135 ft 06 in ( 41.62 m )

wing area 200.0m2

Length 143 ft 10 in ( 43.80 m )

Height 36 ft 03 in ( 11.00 m )

Weight 189,595 lb ( 86,000 kg ) Max T/O

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Engine 2 x Soloviev D-30KPV, 117.7 kN and2 x Klimov RD-60K, 24.5 kN

Maximum speed 472 mph ( 760 km/h )

Cruising speed 720 km/h

Range range w/max.fuel: 5500 kmrange w/max.payload: 4100 km

Service Ceiling

Armament 6500kg of bombs, torpedos or mines

Crew Eight: two pilots; flight engineer; radio operator;navigator; three observers

Cost

User Countries none

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Beriev A-50 MainstayThe A 50 Mainstay SDRLO (Long Range Detection System) aircraft is based on astretched Ilyushin IL-76 Transport in widespread service with Soviet Forces combinedwith an upgraded "Flat Jack" radar system. Developed to replace the TU-126 Moss (avariant of the Bear bomber), the Mainstay first flew in 1980 with about 40 produced by1992. The Mainstay is not as sophisticated as its western counterpart, the E-3 Sentry, butprovides Russian Fighter Regiments with an airborne control capability over both landand water. Mainstays have been used by the Russian Air Force at bases in the KolaPeninsula and for observing Allied air operations during the 1991 Gulf War from bases inUkraine. In 1994 NATO proposed making the E-3 Sentry and the Beriev Mainstayinteroperable to enable Russia to provide AEW&C support to future United Nations orcoalition operations.

The aircraft's wings are high-mounted, swept-back, and tapered with blunt tips. There arefour turbofan engines mounted on pylons under and extending beyond the wings’ leadingedges. The fuselage is long, round and tapered to the rear with a radome on the chin.There is a saucer type radome on top of the aircraft. There is a stepped-up cockpit. Thefail flats are swept-back and tapered with blunt tips high-mounted on the swept-back,tapered fin, forming a T. The aircraft can stay aloft without refueling for four to six hoursand can remain airborne for another four hours with mid-air refueling. The aircraft has amaximum range of 1,800 kilometers, while the radar has a detection range of up to 800kilometers, and can track 200 targets simultaneously.

In early April 2000 Russia reached preliminary agreement to lease two A-50 aircraft tothe Indian Air Force to step up its aerial surveillance on the border with Pakistan. Indiaconducted trials of the A50 in July 2000, and the results were reportedly satisfactory.

In September 2000 it was reported that Rosvoorouzhenie, Russia’s arms-exportingcompany, had entered negotiations with China to lease a pair of A-50 aircraft, as areplacement for the Israeli Phalcon. The terms of the lease to China were expected to befinalized as soone as late November or December 2000.

SpecificationsCountries of Origin CIS (formerly USSR)

Similar Aircraft E-3 Sentry

Crew Seven

Role AEWcontrol

Armament tail turret

Length 152 ft, 8 in (46.5 m)

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An-71 Madcap

The An-71 Madcap was a modified An-72 with an AEW radome on the forward swepttailfin intended for service on the "Tbilisi" (AKA "Admiral Kuznetsov") aircraft carrier.The aircraft also featured substantially extended wingspan -- about six meters greaterthan the An-72 -- and other minor refinements. Three aircraft were built before the An-71was cancelled in favor of the twin-turboprop Yak-44 [which was in turn cancelled in1993].

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Antonov

Role AEW

Similar Aircraft

Wing Span 31.9 m

Length 23.5 m

Height 9.2 m

Weight

Engine 2 D-436K turbofans +1 RD-38A

Maximum speed 650 km/h

Cruising speed 530 km/h

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament

Crew 6

Cost

User Countries Russia

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Il-20 COOT-A (ILYUSHIN)The Il-20 is a military version of the Il-18 passenger airplane, with electronic equipmentand an array of external antennae. It is still used by the Russian Air Force as flyingcommand post. This version is sometimes unofficially referred to as Il-20 or Coot-A inNATO code. A maritime reconnaissance and anti-submarine aircraft, the Il-38, was alsodeveloped from the Il-18.

GENERAL DATACountry of Origin. CIS (formerly USSR).Similar Aircraft. P-3C Orion, An-24 Coke, An-12 Cub.Crew. Five.Role. Electronics surveillance.Armament. None.Dimensions. Length: 117 ft, 9 in (35.9 m). Span: 122 ft, 7 in (37.4 m).

WEFT DESCRIPTIONWings. Low-mounted and unequally tapered with blunt tips and positive slant.Engine(s). Four turboprops mounted in the wings and extending forward of the wings.Fuselage. Round, cigar-shaped tapered at the rear and a rounded nose. Stepped-upcockpit. Bulges on sides of fuselage aft of the cockpit. Pod carried on the fuselage bottomis a SLAR.Tail. Back-tapered fin with square tip. Equally tapered flats, mid-mounted on thefuselage.

USER COUNTRIESAfghanistan (Il-18), CIS.

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Il-38 MayThe Ilyushin Il-38 May is a Soviet maritime patrol and anti-submarine aircraft developedfrom the Il-18. The Il-38 has a short front fuselage and a much longer aft-fuselage, andtwo bomb bays. It is powered by four Ivchenko Al-20 single-shaft turboprops and has amaximum speed of 450mph and a range of 4500 miles. The Il-38 was first flown in 1957,and about 100 were built.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder

Role reconnaissance/ASW

Similar Aircraft

Wing Span 37.4 m

Length 39.8 m

Height

Weight35,000 kg empty65,000 kg Max take-off weight9,000 kg Max payload

Engine 4 x turboprop engines (Ivchenko AI-20) @ 4200 hp

Maximum speed 724 km/h

Cruising speed 500 km/h

Range 7,250 km

Service Ceiling 11,000 m

Armament

Crew 10 - 12

Cost

User Countries

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Mi-1 HAREThe Mi-1 Hare entered series production in 1951. The Mi-1 remained in production until1964. Poland built a version designated SM-1. The three-blade main rotor is mounted ona high hump on top of the fuselage midsection. The single radial piston engine ismounted beneath a hump on top of cabin. The fuselage, which is tadpole-shaped whenviewed from bottom, features a rounded nose and rear sections with a stepped, glassed-incockpit and a long, thin, tapered tail boom. The tail consists of a swept-back fin with arotor on the right top. Small flats are equally tapered and mounted directly in front of thefin.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder MIL

Role Utility, liaison

Similar Aircraft None

Rotor diameter 47 ft (14.36 m)

Length 39 ft, 8 in (12.2 m)

Height

Weight

Engine

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament Usually none

Crew One

Cost

User Countries

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Mi-2 HOPLITE

The MI-2 Hoplite provides transport and fire support. The MI-2 can conductreconnaissance, resupply guerrillas and provide close air support with 57mm rockets. Itcan also have a smoke generator mounted to provide a wide area smoke screen in front ofunits, screening their movements. Additional missions include; direct air support,antitank, armed reconnaissance, transport, medevac, airborne command post, minelaying,and training. Although the Mi-2 Hoplite was developed by the Mil bureau in the formerSoviet Union, the aircraft was produced exclusively in Poland by the PZL Swidnikaircraft factory. Several thousand of these aircraft were built and it remained inproduction until 1985.

The three-blade main rotor is mounted on top of a large hump above the body midsection.Two turboshaft enginess are mounted side-by-side on top of cabin, forming a hump, withround air intakes above the cockpit and oval exhausts on the sides of the engines. Thesmall, bus-like fuselage with fixed landing gear features a stepped-up cockpit androunded nose, and a tadpole-shaped body when viewed from bottom. The tapered tailboom has small, unequally tapered flats and a thin, swept-back fin with a rotor on theright.

The cabin door is hinged rather than sliding, which may limit operations. There is noarmor protection for the cockpit or cabin. Ammo storage is in the aircraft cabin, socombat load varies by mission. Some Mi-2USs currently employ fuselage-mountedweapon racks rather than the 23-mm fuselage-mounted cannon which is removed. Somevariants however, still employ the cannon. External stores are mounted on weapons rackson each side of the fuselage. Each rack has two hardpoints for a total of four stations.

VARIANTS

Mi-2R: Ambulance version that carries 4x litter patients. Mi-2T: Transport version that carries 8 personnel. Mi-2URN: Armed reconnaissance variant, employs 57-mm unguided rockets, and

mounts a gunsight in the cockpit for aiming all weapons. Mi-2URP: The antitank variant. Carries 4x AT-3 Sagger wire-guided missiles on

external weapons racks, and 4x additional missiles in the cargo compartment. Mi-2US: The gunship variant, employs an airframe modification that mounted a

23-mm NS-23KM cannon to the portside fuselage. Also employs 2x 7.62-mm gunpods on external racks, and 2x 7.62-mm pintle-mounted machineguns in thecabin.

PZL Swidnik: A Polish-produced variant under license from Russia. Sameperformance, characteristics, and missions.

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SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder MIL / PZL Swidnik

Date of Introduction 1965

Role Transport, cargo, reconnaissance, trainer, search andrescue, liaison, armed support

Similar Aircraft Hirundo A109, Mi-8 Hip

Blades Main rotor: 3 Tail rotor: 2

Rotor diameter 47 ft, 6 in (14.6 m)

Length rotors turning: 17.4 m / 57 ftfuselage: 11.9 m

Height 3.7 m

WeightMaximum Gross: 3,700 kgNormal Takeoff: 3,550 kgEmpty: 2,372 kg

Engines 2x 400-shp PZL GTD-350 (series III and IV) turboshaft

Maximum speed 220 km/h

Cruising speed 194 km/h

FuelInternal: 600 litersInternal Aux Tank: N/AExternal Fuel Tank: 238 liters ea.

RangeMaximum Load: 580 kmNormal Load: 340 kmWith Aux Fuel: 790 km

CeilingService: 4,000 metersHover (out of ground effect): 1,000 metersHover (in ground effect): 2,000 meters

Vertical Climb Rate 4.5 m/s

Standard PayloadTransports 6-8 troops or700 kg internal cargo or800 kg external load on 4x external hardpoints.

Armament 23-mm Automatic Cannon, NS-23KM:Range: (practical) 2,500 mElevation/Traverse: None (rigidly-mounted)Ammo type: HEFI, HEI, APT, APE, CCRate of Fire (rpm): (practical) 550

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7.62-mm or Pintle-mounted Machinegun:(may be mounted in left-side cabin door)Range: (practical) 1,000 mAmmo type: HEFI, HEI, APT, APE, CCRate of Fire (rpm): (practical) 250OR12.7-mm or Pintle-mounted Machinegun:(may be mounted in left-side cabin door)Range: (practical) 1,500 mAmmo type: API, API-T, IT, HEIRate of Fire (rpm): (practical) 1001 - 23-mm automatic cannon1 - 7.62-mm or 12.7-mm MG4 - AT-3c/SAGGER ATGM4 - SA-7b/GRAIL missile2 - 57-mm Rocket pods (16 each)Twin or single fixed 7.62-mm or 12.7-mm MGExternal fuel tanks (liters)

AVIONICSThe cannon is pilot sighted, and fire is adjusted bycontrolling the attitude of the aircraft.The Mi-2 is primarily a daylight only aircraft.

Survivability Main and tail rotor blades electrically deiced.

Crew 1 (pilot)

Cost

User CountriesAzerbaijan, Burma, Bulgaria, CIS, Cuba, CzechRepublic, Georgia, Germany, Ghana, Hungary, Libya,Nicaragua, Poland, Slovakia, Syria, Ukraine

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Mi-4 HOUNDZ-5The Mi-4 HOUND helicopter is a piston-engined aircraft developed for unarmed militarytransport. Approximately 3,000 Mi-4 Hounds were built before production ended in1969. These piston-engined aircraft have been largely replaced by jet-poweredhelicopters in the transport and antisubmarine role. The large, four-blade main rotor ismounted on top of the fuselage midsection. The single piston engine is mounted withinthe nose section. The fuselage is short and oval with a solid rounded nose and stepped-upcockpit. It features a high-mounted, long, thin tail boom with a gun mount under the belly(oil pan) and four-wheeled landing gear. The tail is small, with a three-blade rotorattached to right side of the thin fin and small flats forward of the fin.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia & China

Builder MIL

Role Transport (12 to 16 equipped troops), armed support,trainer

Similar Aircraft BO 105, Defender 500

Rotor diameter 69 ft (21 m)

Length 55 ft (16.8 m)

Height 17 ft.

Weight 17,200 lbs. /

Engine 1 x 1,700 shp Shvetson ASh-82V, air-cooled radial

Maximum speed 99 mph

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament Machine gun pod, rockets

Crew Three

Cost

User Countries

Afghanistan, Albania (Z-5), Algeria, Bulgaria, Cuba,Czech Republic, Egypt, Germany, Iraq, Mali,Mongolia, North Korea, North Yemen, People’sRepublic of China (Z-5), Poland, Romania, Somalia ,South Yemen, Sudan, Syria, Vietnam

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Mi-6 HOOK (MIL)When first flown in 1957, the Mi-6 Hook was the world's largest rotary-wing aircraft.More than 800 of this heavy-lift helicopter were built before production ended in 1981.The large, five-blade main rotor is centered over the fuselage midsection. The stabilizingwings are unequally tapered with blunt tips, mounted high on the fuselage, and tiltedupward to the front. Two turboshafts are mounted on top of fuselage midsection withround air intakes above cockpit. Oval-shaped exhaust ports on sides. The fuselage is longand bus-like, with a round, stepped-up cockpit and round, glassed-in nose section andfixed landing gear. The upswept rear section has a tapered tail boom. The swept-back finis tapered with a small rotor on right and unequally tapered flats forward of the fin.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Mil

Role Heavy transport (65 equipped troops), vehicles

Similar Aircraft Mi-26 Halo, CH-3 Jolly Green Giant

Rotor diameter 115 ft (35 m)

Length 109 ft (33.3 m)

Height

Weight

Engine

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament Machine gun

Crew Five

Cost

User Countries Algeria, CIS, Egypt, Iraq, Laos, Peru, Syria, Vietnam

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Mi-8 HIPThe MI-8 HIP is a multi-role transport helicopter capable of carring troops or supplies aswell as conducting armed attackes with rockets and guns. It is often used to resupplyguerrillas, insert detachments or provide close air support to attacking units. Designed asa transport helicopter, the Mi-8 proved a multi-purpose machine. The cable externalsuspension, equipped with the weight-measuring device, makes it possible to carry largesize cargoes weighing up to three tons. If required, it became both combat, rescue andartillery observation helicopter.

The large, five-blade main rotor is mounted over the engine at the body midsection, whilea weapon-carrying platform is mounted at the lower body midsection. External stores aremounted on weapons racks on each side of the fuselage. The HIP C has four externalhardpoints; the HIP E, HIP H, have six; other variants have none. Not all availablemunitions are employed at one time, mission dictates weapon configuration. Twinturboshaft engines are mounted on top of the fuselage with two round air intakes justabove the cockpit and rounded exhaust ports aft. The Mi-8 is capable of single-engineflight in the event of loss of power by one engine (depending on aircraft mission weight)because of an engine load sharing system. If one engine fails, the other engine’s output isautomatically increased to allow continued flight. The fuselage consists of a long, bus-like body with a rounded nose and glassed-in cockpit. Interior seats are removable forcargo carrying. The rear clamshell doors open, an internal winch facilitates loading ofheavy freight. Floor has tiedown rings throughout. The aircraft carries a rescue hoistcapable to 150 kg, and a cargo sling system capable to 3,000 kg. Two fuel pods are offsetand mounted low on the body, which features an upswept rear section and tricyclelanding gear. The tail boom tapers to the small, swept-back, and tapered fin with rotor ontop right or left, with small flats mounted forward of the fin.

The first Mi-8 flew in January of 1960, and by 1985, more than 1500 Mi-8 were built.Mil Moscow helicopter plant joint stock company is the major designer and producer ofmilitary transport, civil transport, heavy-lift,multi-role helicopters. Mil is associated withthe Rostov and Kazan production enterprises. Kazan is the oldest helicoptermanufacturing plant in Russia and makes Mi-8 and Mi-17 helicopters. the Mi-8 wasexported to Czechoslovakia, Algeria, East Germany, Hungary, Bolivia, Poland, Bulgaria,Yugoslavia, Finland, and Ethiopia.

VARIANTS

Mi-8T: The HIP C is a medium assault/ transport version. The probable armamentis 57-mm rockets, bombs, or AT-2C/ SWATTER ATGMs.

Mi-8VPK: The HIP D is an airborne com-munications platform with rectangularcommunication canisters mounted on weapons racks.

Mi-8TVK: The HIP E is used as a gunship or direct air support platform.Airframe modifications add 2x external hardpoints for a total of 6, and mount a

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flexible 12.7-mm machinegun in the nose. The probable armament is 57-mmrockets, bombs, or AT-2/SWATTER ATGMs.

Mi-8MT/MTV/MTB/-171-17: The HIP H is an upgraded medium assault/transport version. The designation Mi-17 is for export; the Russian armed forcescalled it Mi-8MT. The Mi-17 can be recognized because it has the tail rotor at thestarboard side, instead of the port side. See separate Mi-17 entry.

Mi-8SMV: The HIP J is an airborne jamming platform characterized by smallboxes on the left side of the fuselage.

Mi-8PPA: The HIP K is an airborne jamming platform characterized by 6x “X”-shaped antennas on the aft fuselage.

Mi-9: The HIP G is an airborne command post characterized by antennas, andDoppler radar on tailboom.

The Mi-14 is a modification of Mi-8 for naval applications, mainly used againstsubmarines. Mi-14 has a boat-like lower fuselage with pontoon on either side,retractable landing gear, a radar dome under the nose, and an internal weaponsbay.

ComparisonVariant Mi-8 Mi-17 Hip H

Engine 2 TV2-117, 1482 hp each 2 TV3-117VM 1900 hpeach

Weight 11100-12000 kg 13000 kg

Maximum speed 230-250 km/h 250 km/h

Cruising speed 225 km/h 220 - 240 km/h

Service Ceiling 4500 m 6000 m

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Mil

Date of Introduction 1967

Role Armed assault-transport

Similar Aircraft Puma, Mi-2 Hoplite, Super Frelon

Blades Main rotor: 5Tail rotor: 3

Rotor diameter Main Rotor : 21.3 meters [70 ft]Tail Rotor : 3.9 meters

Length Length (rotors turning): 25.2 mLength (fuselage): 18.2m [61 ft]

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Height 18 ft 6 in ( 5.65 m)

Width 2.5 m

Cargo CompartmentFloor Length: 5.3 mWidth: 2.3 mHeight: 1.8 m

WeightMaximum Gross: 12,000 kgNormal Takeoff: 11,100 kgEmpty: 6,990 kg

Engine 2 TV2-117, 1482 hp each

Maximum speed 230-250 km/h

Cruising speed 122 kts (140 mph; 225 km/h)

RangeMaximum Load: 350 kmNormal Load: 460 kmWith Aux Fuel: 950 km

Fuel

Internal: 445 litersInternal Aux Tank: 915 liters ea.External Fuel Tank: 745 liters in port tank,680 liters in starboard tank

Service CeilingService: 4,500 metersHover (out of ground effect): 800 metersHover (in ground effect): 1,900 meters

Vertical Climb Rate 9 m/s

Standard Payload

HIP C: 24 troops, or 3,000 kg internal orexternal loads on 4x hardpoints.HIP E: 24 troops, or 4,000 kg internal or3,000 kg external on 6x hardpoints.HIP J/K: antennas on aft section offuselage.

Armament

HIP E mounts a flexible 12.7-mmmachinegun in the nose2 - 7.62-mm or 1x 12.7-mm MG4-6 - AT-2C Swatter or AT-3 SaggerATGMs4-6 - 57-mm rocket pods (16 each)2 - 80-mm rocket pods (20 each)4 - 250-kg bombs2 - 500-kg bombs2 - 12.7-mm MG pod2 - Twin 23-mm gun pods

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1,830 liters Additional fuel tanksLoaded combat troops can fire personalweapons through windows from inside cabin.

Survivability/CountermeasuresMain and tail rotor blades electricallydeiced.Infrared jammer, chaff and flares.

AVIONICSThe Mi-8 is equipped with instruments andavionics allowing operation in day, night, andinstrument meteorological conditions.

Crew 3 (2x pilots, 1x flight engineer)

Cost $900,000 (1991 used)$3,200,000 (new)

User Countries

At least 54 countries -- Armenia, Azerbaijan,Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Belarus,Bulgaria, Cambodia, CIS, Croatia, Cuba,Czech Republic, Egypt, Germany, Guyana,Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Madagascar, Mongolia,Mozambique, Nicaragua, North Yemen,People’s Republic of China, Slovakia,SouthYemen, Sudan, Syria, Ukraine,Vietnam, Yugoslavia, Zambia

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Mi-14 HazeThe Mi-14 Haze is a shore-based, navalized version of the Mi-8 'Hip' with a float bottomand ASW equipment. There are alsa SAR and mine-sweeping versions. In addition to itsmultirole capability, the Mi-14 features high flight performance: a 900 to 1,000 km rangeand four-hour endurance on internal fuel only. Currently, the only competitor to the Mi-14GP is the Eurocopter AS 332L1 Super Puma. The Mi-14 can land on water, dropliferafts overboard and take at least 20 survivors aboard. It can be employed for search,transport and rescue (dropping 20 liferafts).

SpecificationsCountry of Origin

Builder

Role

Variants A is ASWB is MCm variant(unarmed)

Similar Aircraft

Rotor Span 21.2m

Length 25.3m

Height

Weight 9000kg Empty14000kg Maximum

Payload 2000 kg

Engine 2 Isotov TV3-117

Maximum speed 230km/h

Cruising speed

Range 1135km

Cruise range 432 nm

Service Ceiling 3500-5000 m

Armament E45-75A torp or B-1, Nuclear DB

Sensors MAD, dipping sonar, 20 sonobuoys, Radar typeunknown

Crew 2

Cost

User Countries

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Mi-17 [Mi-8MT] HIP HThe MI-17 is a multirole helicopter used to resupply CLF guerrillas or insert PSOCdetachments. It can also be very heavily armed with an extensive array or rockets,misslies and guns. It is often used to air assault infantry forces to attack the point ofpenetration, reinforce units in contact or disrupt counterattacks. Additional missionsinclude; attack, direct air support, electronic warfare, airborne early warning, medevac,search and rescue, and minelaying.

The Mi-17 helicopter, developed at the Mil Design Bureau from the Mi-8 helicopter, is inserial manufactured at the Kazan Helicopter Production Association. The designation Mi-17 is for export; the Russian armed forces called it Mi-8MT. The Mi-17 can berecognized because it has the tail rotor at the starboard side, instead of the port side. TheMi-17 added a number of improvements to its predecessor, including a vibration damperto increase comfort for crew members and passengers. The helicopter features a highthrust-to-weight ratio pair of TVZ-117MT or TVZ-117VM shaft-turbine engines with atakeoff power of 1,900 hp. The Mi-17 is capable of single-engine flight in the event ofloss of power by one engine (depending on aircraft mission weight) because of an engineload sharing system. If one engine fails, the other engine’s output is automaticallyincreased to allow continued flight.

The Mi-17 is capable of carrying cargoes in the cabin (including long cargo) with half-open or removed doors, external loads, or passengers (24 people). The Mi-17 can carryup to 30 troops and up to 20 wounded; it can also be used for in-flight unloading ofspecial cargoes. The transport version of the MI-17 helicopter is intended to carry cargoes(loads) in the cargo compartment, including long-size cargo with partially- opened orremoved cargo doors, external loads, or executives (up to 24 persons). Interior seats areremovable for cargo carrying. The rear clamshell doors open, an internal winch facilitatesloading of heavy freight. Floor has tiedown rings throughout. The aircraft carries a rescuehoist capable to 150 kg.

External stores are mounted on weapons racks on each side of the fuselage. The Mi-17has six external hardpoints. The Mi-17 is provided with missiles, bombs, small arms andcannons. It carries four missile launchers of the B8V20 type, with missiles launched withthe aid of an on-board PUS-31-71 electrical fire control system. The BDZ-57KRVMbomb carrier is used for the attachment of bombs up to 500kg. Not all vailable munitionsare employed at one time, mission dictates weapon configuration. The helicopter carriesfour UPK-23-250 gun containers with GSh-23L 23mm guns and pivoted mounts (eightunits). The forward and aft hemispheres are protected by PKT machine-guns withindependent power supply and remote control circuits.

The helicopter may be provided with longrange communication equipment and a radar,and it can carry equipment with phased-array antennas for suppression of enemyelectronic attack and air defence facilities, such as airborne radars, air defence (artillery)weapons control radars, surveillance and target detection radars and missile radar homing

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heads. The ECM equipment can work both in the reconnaissance and ECM modes or inthe reconnaissance mode.

VARIANTS

Mi-17: A mid-life upgrade of the widely proliferated Mi-8 HIP H medium assault/transport helicopter. Initially, only the export version was known as the Mi-17.The only visible differences between this variant and the older Mi-8s is that thetail rotor is on the portside rather than the starboard side, and crew armor plating.

Mi-17P: A descendent of the HIP K airborne jamming platform characterized bylarge rectangular antennas along the aft fuselage. The Mi-17P (Mi-8MTPB `Hip-K derivative') is provided with long-range communication equipment and a radar,and it can carry equipment with phased-array antennas for suppression of enemyelectronic attack and air defence facilities, such as airborne radars, air defence(artillery) weapons control radars, surveillance and target detection radars andmissile radar homing heads. The ECM equipment can work both in thereconnaissance and ECM modes or in the reconnaissance mode.

Mi-171/-17M/-17V: Also known as Mi-8MTV, and a descendent of the HIP H.The engines are upgraded to 2x 2,070-shp Klimov TV3-117VMAs to allowgreater rates of climb and hover ceilings, yet performance characteristics remainvirtually unchanged from the baseline Mi-17.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder Mil

Date of Introduction 1981 (as Mi-17)

Role

Similar Aircraft

Length Length (rotors turning): 25.4 metersLength (fuselage): 18.4 meters

Height 5.7 meters

Width 2.5 meters

Main Rotor Diameter 21.3 meters

Tail Rotor Diameter 3.9 meters

Cargo CompartmentDimensions

Floor Length: 5.3 metersWidth: 2.3 metersHeight: 1.8 meters

Weight Maximum Gross: 13,000 kgNormal Takeoff: 11,100 kg

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Empty: 7,100-7,370 kg (variant dependant)

Blades Main rotor: 5Tail rotor: 3

Engine 2x 1,950-shp Isotov TV3-117MT turboshaft

Fuel

Internal: 445 litersInternal Aux Tank: 915 liters ea.External Fuel Tank:Port Tank: 745 litersStarboard Tank: 680 liters

Maximum speed 250 km/h

Cruising speed 240 km/h

Range Normal Load: 495 kmWith Aux Fuel: 1,065 km

Ceiling

Service: 5,000-5,700 meters (variantdependant)Hover (out of ground effect): 1,760 metersHover (in ground effect): 1,900-3,980 meters(variant dependant)

Vertical Climb Rate 9 m/s

Armament

2x 7.62-mm or 1x 12.7-mm MG4-6 - AT-2C or AT-3 ATGMs4-6 - 57-mm rocket pods (16 each)2 - 80-mm rocket pods (20 each)4 - 250-kg bombs2 - 500-kg bombs1 - 12.7-mm MG pod2 - Twin 23-mm gun pods1,830 - Additional fuel tanks (liters)

Most Probable Armament: fitted with 2x7.62-mm machineguns or possibly 2x 23-mmGSh-23 gun packs in cabin, 57-mm rockets,and AT3/SAGGER ATGMs.

Loaded combat troops can fire personalweapons through cabin windows from insidecabin.

Standard Payload

Internal load: 4,000 kgExternal on sling only: 3,000 kgTransports 24 troops and cargo, orarmaments on 6x external hardpoints.

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Survivability/Countermeasures Main and tail rotor blades electrically deiced.Infrared jammer, chaff and flares.

AVIONICS

The Mi-17 is equipped with instruments,avionics, Doppler radar, and a fullyfunctioning autopilot for operation in day,night, and instrument meteorologicalconditions.

Crew 3 (2x pilots, 1x flight engineer)

Cost

User Countries At least 22 countries

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Mi-24 HINDMi-25 HIND DMi-35 HIND EThe Mi-24, the first helicopter to enter service with the Russian Air Force as an assaulttransport and gunship, was developed on the basis of the Mi-8's propulsion system.Additional missions include direct air support, antitank, armed escort, and air to aircombat. The helicopter was used extensively in the Afghanistan War, becoming the"signature" weapon of the conflict. The Mi-24 is a close counterpart to the American AH-64 Apache, but unlike this and other Western assault helicopters it is also capable oftransporting up to eight troops. The Russians have deployed significant numbers ofHINDs in Europe and have exported the HIND to many third world countries.The five-blade main rotor is mounted on top of fuselage midsection, while short, stubby,weapon-carrying wings are mounted at the fuselsage midsection. Two turboshaft enginesare mounted above body midsection with two round air intakes located just above thecockpit and exhaust ports on the sides of engines. The Hind A fuselage consists of alarge, oval-shaped body with a glassed-in cockpit, tapering at the rear to the tail boom.The Hind D fuselage features nose modification with tandem bubble canopies, and achin-mounted turret. The swept-back tapered tail fin features a rotor on the right on somemodels, with tapered flats on a boom just forward of the fin.External stores are mounted on underwing external stores points. Each wing has threehardpoints for a total of six stations. A representative mix when targeting armorformations would be eight AT-6 ATGMs, 750x 30-mm rounds, and two 57-mm rocketpods. The aircraft can store an additional ammunition basic load in the cargocompartment in lieu of carrying troops. Armored cockpits and titanium rotor head able towithstand 20-mm cannon hits. Every aircraft has an overpressurization system foroperation in a NBC environment.

The HIND’s wings provide 22% to 28% of its lift in forward flight. In a steep bankingturn at slower airspeeds, the low wing can lose lift while it is maintained on the upperwing, resulting in an excessive roll. This is countered by increasing forward airspeed toincrease lift on the lower wing. Because of this characteristic, and the aircraft’s size andweight, it is not easily maneuverable. Therefore they usually attack in pairs or multiplepairs, and from various directions.

VARIANTSNearly all of the older HIND A, B and C variants have been upgraded or modified to theHIND D or E standard.

Mi-24D/HIND D: Direct air support. Mi-24V/HIND E: Direct air support. Most proliferated version. Mi-24P/HIND F: Direct air support. The fixed twin gun cut the turret profile, and

empty weight to 8,200 kg, while boosting maximum gross weight to 12,000 kg.

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Mi-24R/HIND G-1: NBC sampling. It has mechanisms to obtain soil and airsamples, filter air, and place marker flares.

Mi-24K/HIND G-2: Photo-recon, and artillery spotting. Has a camera in cabin,gun, rocket pods, but no targeting system.

Mi-25: Export version of the HIND D. Mi-35: Export version of the HIND E. The Mi-35M has a twin barrel 23-mm gun. Mi-35P: Export version of the HIND F.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder MIL

Date of Introduction 1976 (HIND D)

Role Assault, gunship, antitank

Similar Aircraft AH-1 Cobra (all models), UH-60 Black Hawk, AH-64Apache, Mangusta A129

Blades Main rotor: 5Tail rotor: 3

Rotor diameterMain Rotor : 17.3 metersTail Rotor: 3.9 meters

Wing span 6.5 meters

Length Length : 21.6 m (rotors turning)Length : 17.5 m (fuselage)

Height 13 ft., 11 in.6.5 meters (gear extended)

Cargo CompartmentDimensions

Floor Length: 2.5 metersWidth: 1.5 metersHeight: 1.2 meters

WeightMaximum Gross: 11,500 kgNormal Takeoff: 11,100 kgEmpty: 8,500 kg

FuelInternal: 1,840 litersInternal Aux Tank (in cabin): 1,227 litersExternal Fuel Tank: 500 liters ea.

Engine 2 x 2,200 shp Isotov TV-3-117 turbines

Maximum speed 168 mph / 335 km/h

Cruising speed 295 km/h

Range Normal Load: 450 km

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With Aux Fuel: 950 km

Service Ceiling 4,500 meters

Hover out of ground effect: 1,500 metersin ground effect : 2,200 meters

Vertical Climb Rate 15 m/s

Max “G” Force 1.75 g

Standard PayloadInternal load: 8 combat troops or 4 littersExternal weapons load: 1,500 kgExternal load (no weapons): 2,500 kg

Armament 12.7-mm 4x Barrel Machinegun, YaKB-12.7:Range (m): (practical) 1,500Elevation/Traverse: 20° up to 60° down/ 120°Ammo Type: HEFI, APT, Duplex, DuplexTRate of Fire (rpm): up to 4,500 (pilot selectable)30-mm Twin Barrel Cannon, GSh-30K:Range (m): (practical) 4,000Elevation/Traverse: None (rigidly mounted)Ammo Type: HEFI, HEI, APT, APE, CCRate of Fire (rpm): 300, or 2,000 to 2,600750 - 1x twin 30-mm gun, or1,470 - 12.7-mm 4 barrel turret gun2-12 - AT-2C or AT-6C Spiral ATGMs2-4 - 80-mm S-8 rocket pods (20 ea.)2-4 - 57-mm S-5 rocket pods (32 ea.)940 - GSh-23L twin 23-mm MG pods4 - 250-kg bombs FAB-2502 - 500-kg bombs500 liters External fuel tanksMost Probable ArmamentHIND D: Turret-mounted 4-barrel 12.7-mm Gatlingtype machinegun, 57-mm rockets, AT-2C/ SWATTERATGMs.HIND E: Turret-mounted 4-barrel 12.7-mm Gatlingtype machinegun or twin barrel 23-mm turret gun, 57-mm rockets, AT-6C/ SPIRAL ATGMs.HIND F: Fixed 30-mm twin gun on the right fuselageside, 57-mm rockets, AT-6C/ SPIRAL ATGMs.Loaded combat troops can fire personal weaponsthrough cabin windows.

Sensors FLIR, RWR, laser designator

AVIONICS The ATGM targeting system uses a low-level light

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TV, a laser designator, FLIR, air data sensor, and amissile guidance transmitter.HIND D versions are primarily daytime aircraft only.Some HIND E and Mi-35 series export versions haveupgraded night and weather capabilities, betteravionics, weather radar, autopilot, HUD, GPS, NVGcompatibility, more armor, and an increased weaponsload provided by the French company SextantAvionique.

Survivability Main and tail rotors electrically deiced.Infrared signature suppressors can be mounted onengine exhausts.Radar warning receivers, IFF, Infrared jammer, rotorbrake, chaff and flares.Armored cockpit.

Crew Two (pilots in tandem cockpits)

Cost

User Countries

At least 34 countries -- Armenia, Afghanistan, Algeria,Angola, Belarus, Bulgaria, Cambodia, CIS, Cuba,Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Georgia, Germany, Hungary,Iran, Iraq, Libya, Mongolia, Mozambique, Nicaragua,North Korea, Peru, Poland, Slovakia, South Yemen,Syria, Ukraine, Vietnam

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Mi-26 HALOThe Mi-26 helicopter, the heaviest and most powerful helicopter in the world, wasdesigned for carrying large-size cargoes weighing up to 20 tons. It is the result of an early1970s specification for a transport helicopter whose empty weight, without fuel, was notto exceed half of its maximum take-off weight. It can be used for construction projectsranging from bridges to power transmission lines. The combination of high load-carryingcapacity and high cruise speed makes the use of the helicopter economically efficient.The helicopter is loaded through the cargo hatch in the tail of the fuselage with loweredladder and subladders. The cargo cabin is equipped with two electric hoists and liftingand loading devices ensuring loading and carrying along the cabin of cargoes weighingup to 5 tons. Mil Moscow helicopter plant joint stock company is the major designer andproducer of military transport, civil transport, heavy-lift,multi-role helicopters. Mil isassociated with the Rostov and Kazan production enterprises. Rostov makes the Mi-26heavy-lift helicopters.The Mi-26 is the first helicopter with an eight-blade main rotor, which is mounted abovethe fuselage midsection on a hump. Two turboshaft engines are mounted on top of thecabin with round air intakes above and behind the cockpit and exhaust ports at the sidesof the engines. The long, bus-like body with fixed tricycle landing gear tapers to the noseand rear, with an upswept rear section and rounded nose and stepped-up cockpit. The tailis swept-back with a slightly tapered fin with large rotor on right side. The flats areforward-tapered and low-mounted on leading edge of the fin.The HALO A has no armament. The load and lift capabilities of the aircraft arecomparable to the US C-130 Hercules transport aircraft. The length of the landing gearstruts can be hydraulically adjusted to facilitate loading through the rear doors. Thetailskid is retractable to allow unrestricted approach to the rear clamshell doors andloading ramp. The cargo compartment has two electric winches (each with 2,500 kgcapacity) on overhead rails can move loads along the length of the cabin. The cabin floorhas rollers and tie-down rings throughout. The HALO has a closed-circuit televisionsystem to observe positioning over a sling load, and load operations. The Mi-26 iscapable of single-engine flight in the event of loss of power by one engine (depending onaircraft mission weight) because of an engine load sharing system. If one engine fails, theother engine’s output is automatically increased to allow continued flight.

VARIANTS

Mi-26MS: Medical evacuation version. Mi0-26T: Freight transport. Mi-26TZ: Fuel tanker with an additional 14,040 liters of fuel in 4x internal tanks

and 1,040 liters of lubricants, pumped through 4x 60-meter long refueling nozzlesfor refu-eling aircraft, and 10x 20-meter long hoses for refueling ground vehicles.Fuel transfer rate is 300 liters/minute for aviation fuel, and 75-150 liters/minutefor diesel fuel. The refueling system can easily be removed to allow the aircraft toperform transport missions.

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SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder MIL

Date of Introduction 1983

Role Heavy cargo-transport

Similar Aircraft Mi-6 Hook, HH-3E Jolly Green Giant

Blades Main rotor - 8Tail rotor - 5

Rotor diameter 105 ft (32 m)

Length 111 ft (33.8 m)

Length (rotors turning) 40 meters

Length (fuselage) 33.5 meters

Width 8.2 meters

Height 26 ft., 5 in. / 8.1 meters

Tail Rotor Diameter 7.6 meters

Cargo CompartmentDimensions

12 meters - Floor Length3.3 meters - WidthHeight variable from 2.9 to 3.2 meters

Weight

49500 kg - Normal takeoff weight56000 kg - Maximum takeoff weight28200 kg - empty weight20000 kg - Load-lifting capacity(100+ equipped troops, armored vehicles)

Engine 2 x 11,400 shp Lotarev D-136 turbines

Maximum speed 295 km/h

Cruising speed 183 mph / 255 km/h

Range1200 km with Aux Fuel800 km with maximum fuel reserve475-800 km with maximum loading

Service Ceiling4600 m1,800 m Hover (out of ground effect)4,500 m Hover (in ground effect)

Fuel 11,900 liters Internal

Standard Payload 20,000 kg Internal or external load

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over 80 troops, 60 litters, or2x BRDM-2 scout cars, or 2x BMDs, or1x BMP or,1x BTR-60/70/80 or,1x MT-LB

Armament Usually none

Survivability/Countermeasures

Main and tail rotor blades electrically deiced.Infrared signature suppressors on engines.Infrared jammers and decoys; flares.Self-sealing fuel tanks.

AVIONICS

The avionics and navigational package, aDoppler weather radar, and a fullyfunctioning autopilot allow for day/night all-weather operation.

Crew 5 (2x pilots, 1x navigator, 1x flight engineer,1x loadmaster)

Cost

User Countries At least 5 countries - India, CIS

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Mi-28 HAVOCThe Mi-28 Havoc is a new-generation attack helicopter that functions as an air-to-air andair-to-ground partner for the Mi-24 Hind and Ka-50 Hokum. The five-blade main rotor ismounted above the body midsection, and short, wide, tapered, weapon-carrying wings aremounted to the rear of body midsection. Two turboshaft engines in pods are mountedalongside the top of the fuselage with downturned exhausts. The fuselage is slender andtapers to the tail boom and nose. It features a tandem, stepped-up cockpits and a cannonmounted beneath the belly, with fixed landing gear. The tapering tail boom with a swept-back fin has a flat high-mounted on the fin and a rotor mounted on right.The Mi-28N and Kamov Ka-50 are competing to fulfil the Russian Army Aviationrequirement for a night-capable anti-tank helicopter, a replacement to the Mi-24 created25 years ago. The Mi-28N is based on the Mi-28A, a daylight helicopter first flown inDecember 1982. In comparison with the AH-64D Longbow Apache, the 10,5-ton Mi-28N is some 2.5 tons heavier, partly due to its more powerful cannon. In general the twohelicopters have similar flight performance. Two Klimov TV-3-117 engines of 2,200 hpeach allow the Russian aircraft to show a maximum level speed of 300 km/h andmaximum climb at sea-level of 13.6 meters per second.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder MIL

Role Attack

Similar Aircraft Mangusta A129, AH-64 Apache, AH-1F Cobra

Rotor diameter 56 ft (17.04 m)

Length 57 ft (17.4 m)

Height

Weight

Engine

Maximum speed

Cruising speed

Range

Service Ceiling

Armament AAMs, antitank missiles, cannon, rockets

Crew Two

Cost

User Countries

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Ka-25 HormoneThe deployment of the Polaris naval strategic nuclear missile system in the USA acted asa catalyst accelerating development of aircraft carrying ships in the USSR. The Ka-25Hormone helicopter was developed to meet a Soviet Naval Air Force specification for ananti-submarine helicopter for ship or shore-based use. The first Ka-25 prototype flew in1961. Designed by the world's leading pioneer of co-axial helicopters, Nikolai I. Kamov(1902-1973) this Soviet AV-MF (naval aviation) anti-submarine warfare rotary wingaircraft was assigned to the Soviet Helicopter Carrier Moskva. The Hormone is poweredby twin turbines, installed side-by-side above the cabin, that drive two, three-bladedcoaxial, contra-rotating rotors. The contra-rotating rotors eliminated the need for an anti-torque tail rotor, and made a very compact design possible, with obvious benefits forshipboard operations. Hormone cannot hover or dip at night.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin

Builder

Role ASW, Rcce

Variants

A is ASW:B is OTH targeting;C is utility / SARB and C are unarmed

Similar Aircraft

Rotor Diameter 51 ft., 8 in. / 15.7m

Length 32 ft., 3 in. / 9.8m

Height 17 ft., 7 in. / 5.4m

Weight 16,100 lbs. / 7100kg

Engine 2 x 900 shp Glushnekov GTD-3

Maximum speed 137 mph / 220kph

Cruising speed / 195kph

Ceiling 3500 meters

Cruise range 216nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel na

Payload 600 kg

Sensors A: Dipping sonar; 3 sonobuoys, MAD, Mushroom

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radar, EO sensor estimated to be FLIR.B: Big Bulge radar, ESM data link

Drop Tanks none

Armament E45-75A torp or B-1 DC. Nuclear DB

Crew

Cost

User Countries

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KA-27 Helix AKA-29 Helix BKA-32 HelixKa-27 was designed to replace Ka-25. The first prototype flew in December 1974.Variants include the Ka-27PS search and rescue version and Ka-28 ASW model. The Ka-29 combat/transport helicopter and Ka-31 surveillance variant are in operational service.The primary function of the KA-29 Helix B amphibious assault helicopter is delivery ofpercision-guided weapons, weapons designation, and troop transport.There are two versions of the Ka-32 helicopter: transport Ka-32T and shipborne Ka-32C.The Ka-32T version is designed for transporting cargoes inside the cabin and andexternally (for oversized cargoes), passenger transportation, logging in hard access areas,to fulfill civil engineering and installation work, construction, search/rescue missions,medevac and off-shore oil rings servicing operations and various types of aerial survey.The Ka-32C version is designed for carrying out ice prospecting during the steering ofthe convoys of ships, their unloading, performance of rescue operations at sea and actingas ambulances. The Ka-32 has two TVZ-117 turboprop engines which provide higherpower and safety under extreme conditions. Transport version, KA-32T, is devoted tocarry cargoes both internally

SpecificationsCountry of Origin

Builder

Role

Similar Aircraft

Variants

KA-27 Helix A is ASWKA-27 Helix C is utility / SAR.KA-29 Helix B is amphibious assaultKa-32T transportKa-32C shipborne

Rotor Span 51.64 ft/15.75 m

Length 34 ft/10.4 m

Height 18 ft/5.5 m

Weight 11,000 kg

Engine TB 3-117 VM

Speed 260 km/h Max. allowable flight speed205 km/h Cruising speed at 1,500 m with 9,600 kg

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weight115 km/h Economy speed at 1,500 m with 9,600 kgweight

Ceiling 5000 meters

Cruise range 432 nm

In-Flight Refueling No

Internal Fuel 432 kg

Payload 800 kg

Crew 1 minimum

Sensors

KA-27 Helix A : Radar; MAD; dipping sonar; 12sonobuyoys, RWRKA-29 Helix B : RWR, directional ESM, dorsal EWpod

Drop Tanks na

ArmamentKA-27 Helix A : E45-7A torp or B-1 DC, NuclearDBKA-29 Helix B : UB-20 rocket pods, AT-6 Spiral

Cost $1,500,000

User Countries

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Ka-50 HOKUMKa-52 HOKUM BBlack Shark / WerewolfThe KA-50 is a state-of-the-art and powerful battle helicopter which is in limited servicewith the Russian Air Force. This aircraft is not fielded. Only a handful of prototypesexist, and it has not yet been approved for full-scale production. There are two versionsof the Hokum. The Ka-50 Hokum-A is a single seat close support helicopter and the Ka-52 Hokum-B two seat trainer and combat version.The Mi-28N and Kamov Ka-50 are competing to fulfil the Russian Army Aviationrequirement for a night-capable anti-tank helicopter, a replacement to the Mi-24 created25 years ago.The coaxial, contrarotating, three-blade main rotors are widely separated with swept-backtips, and there is no tail rotor. The equally tapered, short, stubby, weapon-carrying wingswith end plates are mounted on the streamlined fuselage, which tapers to the front andrear. The fuselage, which is flat-bottomed except for the underbelly gun pod and sensor,features a flat plated glassed-in canopy. The tail is thick with a tapering tail boom andback-tapered tail fin with a square tip. The tail flats are high-mounted on the tail boomwith end plates, and located forward of the fin. Twin turboshaft engines are mounted highon the fuselage above the stubby wings, with semicircular air intakes and exhausts thatare turned outward.The helicopter has a number of unique characteristics including single seat to increasecombat and flight characteristics and reduce operational costs. It was designed for remoteoperations, and not to need ground maintenance facilities for 2 weeks. The airframe is35% composite materials with a structural central 1m 2 keel beam of kevlar/ nomex thatprotects critical systems and ammunition. The fully armored pilot's cabin can withstand23-mm gunfire, and the cockpit glass 12.7-mm MG gunfire. The Zvezda K-37-800 pilotejection system functions at any altitude, and enables a successful ejection at low altitudeand maximum speed.

External stores are mounted on underwing external hardpoints. Each wing has twohardpoints for a total of four stations. A typical mix for targeting armor formations is 12xAT-16 ATGMs, 500x 30-mm cannon rounds, and 2x 20-round pods of 80-mm folding finunguided rockets. The 30-mm cannon is the same as on the BMP-2. It also carries guidedair-to-air missiles IGLA-V (Needle C), already extensively tested and sold to buyersabroad. The Shark's avionics is largely in line with what is the norm for one-seaterfighters and ground attack jets. It's most remarkable feature is a remote targeting systemwith a capability to provide for a sudden deadly attack from a distance that rules outdirect visual contact with the target. The firing computer will turn the aircraft to keep thegun on target. It is equipped with downlink to provide information from the battlefield.The targeting and control system and weaponry enable accurate target engagement atranges of up to 10km.

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The KA-50 features unique maneuvrability and operating characteristics due to thecontra-rotating co-axial rotors. The coaxial counter-rotating rotor system negates the needfor a tail rotor and its drive system. Because of this, this aircraft is unaffected by windstrength and direction, has an unlimited hovering turn rate, and gives a smaller profileand acoustic signature, while allowing a 10-15% greater power margin. The HOKUM isfully aerobatic. It can perform loops, roll, and “the funnel”, where the aircraft willmaintain a concentrated point of fire while flying circles of varying altitude, elevation,and airspeed around the target.

VARIANTS

Ka-50A/HOKUM A: Standard direct air support variant. Ka-50N/HOKUM N: Night attack variant fitted with a nose-mounted FLIR. The

cockpit is fitted with an additional TV display, and is NVG compatible. Ka-52/HOKUM B: The “Alligator” is a side-by-side, two-seat cockpit variant of

the Ka-50. The gross weight of the aircraft is greater, so the performance ismarginally degraded. But airframe characteristics, dimensions, and armaments arerelatively similar. It includes a mast-mounted millimeter wave radar covering thefront quadrant only. It is used as an attack aircraft, and as a trainer for the Ka-50.

Beginning in 1997 Kamov company, in partnership with IAI, began competing in thetender for a $4 billion contract for the supply of 145 combat helicopters to the TurkishArmy. In compliance with the tender requirements, KAMOV/IAI group submitted therequired documentation on the Ka-50-2 Erdogan tandem twin-sitter in November 1999.On 06 March 2000, Bulent Ecevit, the Prime Minister of Turkey, announced that Boeingand Eurocopter, French/German company, would be excluded from the list of the Biddersfor the combat helicopters supply contract. Among the remaining competitors for thecontract award are KAMOV/IAI (Israel Aircraft Industries Ltd.) group with its Ka-50-2Erdogan, Agusta company from Italy with its A129 Mongoose and Belltextron companyfrom the USA with its AH-1Z King Cobra.

SpecificationsCountry of Origin Russia

Builder KAMOV

Role Antihelicopter and gunship

Similar Aircraft Hirundo A109, Mangusta A129, AH-64Apache, AH-1F Cobra

Blades Main rotor: 6 (2 heads, 3 blades each) Tailrotor: None

Rotor diameter 14.5 meters

Wing span 7.34 meters

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Length rotors turning: 16 metersfuselage: 15.0 meters

Height gear extended: 4.93 metersgear retracted: 4 meters

Cargo CompartmentDimensions Negligible

Engines 2x 2,200-shp Klimov TV3-117VK turboshaft

WeightMaximum Gross: 10,800 kgNormal Takeoff: 9,800 kgEmpty: 7,692 kg

Standard Payload External weapons load: 2,500 kg on 4 under-wing stores points.

SpeedMaximum (level): 340 km/h (est.)Cruise: 270-310 km/hSideward: 100+ km/h, Rearward: 100+ km/h

Turn Rate unlimited

Max “G” Force +3 to +3.5 g

CeilingService: 5,500 metersHover (out of ground effect): 4,000 metersHover (in ground effect): 5,500 meters

Vertical Climb Rate 10 m/s

Fuel (liters) Internal: INAExternal Fuel Tank: 500 ea. (max 4x)

Range (km)Maximum Load: INANormal Load: 460With Aux Fuel: INA

Armament 1x 2A42 30-mm cannon [250 HE-Frag +250 AP]2 - AT-16 VIKhR ATGM (6 each)2 - 80-mm rockets (20 each)2 - Twin 23-mm gun pods [940 rounds]4 - 500-kg bombs2 - AA-11/ARCHER AAMExternal fuel tanks (500 liters)30-mm Automatic Cannon, 2A42:Range: effective 3,000 mElevation: -45° to +10°Traverse: ±15°Ammo type and rate of fire is selectable by

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pilot (HE or AP, 350 or 600)Most Probable Armament:Fuselage-mounted 30-mm cannon on rightside80-mm rocketsAT-16 VIKhR ATGMs [ATGM racks candepress to 12°]

AVIONICS The HOKUM uses a low-light level TV orthermal sighting, a laser range-finder (10km), FLIR, air data sensor, and digital data-link which interface with a fire control com-puter, an autopilot, a helmet sighting systemand HUD for target location, acquisition,designation, and firing. Night/WeatherCapabilities:This aircraft’s avionics package ensuring afull day/night, all weather capability. If it isto be employed at night in an attack role, itmust be fitted with a night targeting pod. Thispod includes a FLIR, a millimeter waveradar, and an electro-optical sight takes upone of the underwing pylons. The Ka-50N,and Ka-52 are capable of performing attackmissions in day/night, and all-weatherconditions.The French companies Thomson-CSF, andSextant Avionique offer nav/attack systems,which can be fitted to export variants.

Survivability/Countermeasures Main rotors and engines electricallydeiced.Infrared signature suppressors can bemounted on engine exhausts.Radar warning receivers, IFF, chaff andflares.Armored cockpit and self-sealing fueltanks.Pilot ejection system.

Crew 1 (pilots, 2 in Ka-52)

Cost

User Countries Preproduction in Russia. An initial fieldingplan is for 2 per year for 14 years.

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DR-3 / M-141 REYS (TUPOLEV)The Reys (voyage) was developed by the Tupolev design bureau in the 1970s. The DR-3is very similar to the DR-5.

GENERAL DATACountry of Origin. CIS.Similar Aerial Platform. DR-5, Banshee, Crecerelle.Role. Tactical reconnaissance UAV.Armament. None.Dimensions. Length: 23 ft (7.3 m). Span: 9 ft 10 in (3 m).

WEFT DESCRIPTIONWings. Low-mounted and delta-shaped with square tips. Small, swept-back canards.Engine(s). Large, jet on top rear of fuselage. Large air intake.Fuselage. Long, slender, tapers to the front, blunt rear. Pitot tube.Tail. Short, swept-back fin on top of engine. Tail cone.

USER COUNTRYCIS.

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SHMEL-1 Yak-061 (YAKOVLEV)Shmel-1 was designed for day and night surveillance and monitoring operations. Thissystem has been exported to other countries under the name of Malakhit.

GENERAL DATACountry of Origin. CIS.Similar Aerial Platform. None.Role. Remote terrain observation.Armament. None.Dimensions. Length: 9 ft, 1 in (2.78 m). Span: 10 ft, 6 in (3.25 m).

WEFT DESCRIPTIONWings. High-mounted and straight with blunt, negative slanted tips.Engine(s). Prop-engine and has a round enclosure at the rear in the opposing position.Fuselage. Rounded, bullet nose. Pads on feet of four curved legs for landing.Tail. Three swept-back stabilizers on rear of craft forming the engine housing.

USER COUNTRIESCIS, Syria.

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