4.492 Daylighting in Buildings Class01 - MIT OpenCourseWare · 2020-07-09 · Fibreboards Wet...
Transcript of 4.492 Daylighting in Buildings Class01 - MIT OpenCourseWare · 2020-07-09 · Fibreboards Wet...
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Timber
Wood as a materialHardwood vs. Softwood
Pith, Heartwood, Sapwood:
Density and moisture content
Anisotropic strength
Moisture Content vs. Relative Humidity
Relative Humidity Moisture Content
0 0
25 5
50 9
75 14
99 23-30
Tangential section Radial section
Horizontal section
Growth ring
Pith
Ray
Outerbark
Innerbark
Cambium
Bark
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Timber
Wood-based productsLayered products Glued laminated timber (glulam)
Plywood
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Inside face
Lamination thickness
Inside faceb
h
12
≤ 3.5mm 1.5 to 1.6 a
=2/5x bb
2a
b
a
a
<=
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Timber
Wood-based productsLayered products Glued laminated timber (glulam)
Plywood
Particleboards Chipboard
Flakeboard
Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
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Timber
Wood-based productsLayered products Glued laminated timber (glulam)
Plywood
Particleboards Chipboard
Flakeboard
Oriented Strand Board (OSB)
Fibreboards Wet method
Dry method (Medium Density Fibreboard or MDF)
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Timber
Wood-based productsLow-quality wood
Isotropic & strong
Free dimensions & openings
Panel construction & "black boxes"
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
Platform frame construction
Image by MIT OCW.
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
Platform frame construction
Panel construction
Image by MIT OCW.
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
Platform frame construction
Panel construction
Bearth-Candinas House by Bearth+Deplazes, 1998
Photographs and floor plans removed due to copyright restrictions.
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
Platform frame construction
Panel construction
Log construction
Image by MIT OCW.
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
Platform frame construction
Panel construction
Log construction
Frame construction
Image by MIT OCW.
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Timber
Timber construction systemsTimber frame construction
Balloon frame construction (timber stud construction)
Platform frame construction
Panel construction
Log construction
Frame constructionElement
(loadbearing)RafterPurlin, beamSolid-web beamLattice beam
Span 1(m)
Span1(m)
- 8 m4 - 12 m6 - 16 m8 - 20 m
1/18 - 1/301/15 - 1/241/12 - 1/181/18 - 1/15
h*/l0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 1213 1415 16 1819 202122 2324 2517
Depth of beamh (m)
1/10
1/12
1/15
1/18
1/24
1/30
2.001.901.801.701.601.501.401.301.201.101.000.900.800.700.600.500.400.300.200.100.00
*A beam cross-section (h/b = 2/1) can be used for the initial, rough sizing; Glulam beams are often more slender.
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Timber
Main reference for lecture contents:“Constructing Architecture” by Deplazes: pp. 77-112
Additional readings relevant to lecture topics:"Fundamentals of Building Construction" by Allen:
&
"Building Construction Illustrated" by Ching & Adams:
chapters on timber and wood construction