4.4 Appreciating the Contribution of Science & Technology to Human Reproduction
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Transcript of 4.4 Appreciating the Contribution of Science & Technology to Human Reproduction
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4.4 Appreciating the Contribution of Science & Technology to Human Reproduction
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ContraceptionThe practice of preventing pregnancyInvolves the use of devices / methods to prevent pregnancy
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ContraceptionMethods used are based on the following principles:Preventing ovulation (contraceptive pills)Preventing sperms from fertilizing the ova (rhythm method, condoms, femidoms & diaphragm)Killing the sperms (spermicides)
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Natural MethodsCalendar / rhythm methodTemperature method
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Physical (barrier) methodsCondomThe DiaphragmIntrauterine device (IUD)
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Intrauterine device
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Chemical methodThe contraceptive pillSpermicide
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Sterilization methodTubal ligationVasectomy
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Tubal ligation
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Vasectomy
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AbortionIntended removal elimination of embryo/foetus from the womb The longer the pregnancy the higher the riskGoes against religious belief & moral valuesSometimes necessary for medical reason
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Technology associated with reproduction
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Artificial inseminationUsed by a couple when the man is sterileSperms from donor are injected into the uterus of the woman during ovulation without involving sexual intercourseAlthough donors identity is not known to the wife & husband, the genetic background & health of the donor are screened by specialist
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In vitro fertilization (IVF)
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Sperm BankSpecialized laboratory used to keep sperms given by donorsFrozen sperm are kept in sperm bank