4.3 Office H3
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7/24/2019 4.3 Office H3
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10-82
I
E
S
LIGHTING
HANDBOOK
FIG.
10-57.
A dormitory room
lighted
for
study
hour.
Dormitory
Rooms
Except
in
special
schools
as
in
military schools, perhaps)
there
should be
few
differences between the
lighting
goals for dormitories and
those for
similar rooms in the home bedrooms and living rooms).
See pages
10-36
and
10-42.)
Most
of
the
differences
are
associated
with
lack
of
decoration,
uniformity,
ease
of cleaning, and similar factors
few
of
which deal directly
with
the quantity and
finality
of illumination.
See
Fig.
10-57.)
Military
dormitories
may
tend
more
toward
general
illumination from
ceiling
fixtures
rather
than
localized illumination
from
portable
lamps. Under
such conditions,
general-office
lighting
standards
should
be
followed.
See
page
10-52.)
The
lighting
of
dormitory rooms
should satisfy
two dissimilar
require-
ments
:
1.
Contribute
to
a
comfortable
and
attractive
relaxation
atmosphere.
2.
Provide
the
30-footcandle
classroom illumination level
recommended
for
study purposes.
Portable lamps
at
each desk and
lounge chair
maj^
be
adequate if they
distribute
enough light
throughout
a
room
to bring
brightness
ratios within
the
classroom limits.
COMMERCIAL
AND
PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Almost any structure
except
a
residence
might fall into
the
category,
commercial
and
public
buildings,
but
the
term
usually
is
construed
by
illuminating
engineers
to
mean theaters,
banks,
libraries,
and
museums,
and
the
public
portions of
office
buildings, hotels, churches,
concert
halls,
hospitals,
and similar
large areas
of
high turnover and
intermittent
oc-
cupancy.
Modern
lighting design is
co-ordinated
with
the
architectural
theme
in
public
buildings
more often
than
in
other
structures.
The
char-
acteristic
public-occupancy
areas of such
buildings
include
lobbies,
audi-
toriums,
w
r
ork and
service
areas,
corridors,
stairways, and
so
forth.
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INTERIOR
LIGHTING 10-83
Office
Buildings
The
lobby
of an
office building
usually
is
at
street
level.
The
simplest
type
is
a
wide
hallway
giving
access to
the elevators
or
stair wells.
More
elaborate
lobbies may
be used
as
an
exhibit
hall
by groups
occupying the
building.
Many
have shops located
along
the
sides.
See
Fig.
10-58.
From
a
visual standpoint, decorative
lighting that produces
10
footcan-
dles
in
a
lobby
usually
may be
considered
sufficient
for
safe
passage
of
pedestrians, provided
there
is
auxiliary lighting
at
directory boards,
and
directional signs,
and
adjacent
to
the
elevators and
stair wells
as
a
safety
measure.
However,
since most
office
buildings
have
their maximum
traffic
in
the daytime, 5
footcandles
may be found insufficient to
provide
satis-
FIG.
10-58.
Illumination
in
public-building
lobbies.
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10-84
I
E
S
LIGHTING HANDBOOK
factory
visual
adaptation
as
the visitor steps
into the lobby
from
out-
of-doors from
an
illumination
level approaching
10,000
footcandles
in
direct
sunlight).
This necessity
for
adaptation combined
with
the
ad-
vertising
value
of higher levels
and brighter surroundings has led
many,
building designers
to
provide higher
levels of
illumination
20
footcandles)
In hallways
and corridors
of
ordinary
ceiling
height
less than
30
feet)
luminaires should
be spaced
not
more than 20 feet apart. No branch
corridor
should be
without
a
luminaire.
A
luminaire located at
a
main
corridor junction
will
serve
two branches not
more
than
10
feet
deep.
For
safety
in
such
locations,
at
least
two lamps should
be
used in each luminaire.
No
entrance
to an
elevator
or
a
stair well should
be
more than
10
feet
from
a
luminaire. The
recommended average
illumination
level
for
elevators, and stair
wells,
is 10 footcandles, assuming
high-reflectance
sur-
faces. The lumieaire and layout should provide
such
a
uniform
level
that
the maximum
value
at
any place
in
the
room
is not
greater than three
times
the
minimum.
Theaters
Theater-lighting
design begins
outdoors
with
the combination decorative
facade
with display
cases
which identifies
the
entrance. Part
of
this en-
trance is the
marquee.
Sources in the
marquee often provide
a
high
il-
lumination
level around the
box
office. This level
is
reduced
along
the
traffic lane
into
the threater
so that
the
theatergoer s eyes may
become
adapted
gradually
to the lower levels inside.
Theater lobbies are passageways
between
the street and the foyer. An
illumination
level
of
20
footcandles is
desirable
in lobbies.
The walls
and
ceilings
should
have
a
high
brightness
up
to
50 footlamberts) .
At
signs
announcing
current
or
coming attractions 20
to
40
footcandles
should be
provided
by
local
lighting for accent. The luminaires
may
be
ceiling-
mounted spotlights,
or
lamps
and reflectors
attached
to
the signboard.
Foyers
are areas
where
traffic
is
distributed
into
the auditorium.
An
illumination
level of
10 footcandles
is
recommended.
This
is
sufficient
for
recognition
of acquaintances, for safe
movement, and
to
arouse
interest
in the decoration, and
yet
permits
quick adaptation to
the lower
audi-
torium
level.
In larger theaters,
a lounge
or promenade may
separate
the lobby and
the foyer.
The
illumination level in such
an area should
fall
between
those of the
lobby
and the foyer.
In the
auditorium proper,
three
rules should
be
observed:
1)
bright-
nesses
should be low;
2)
sources
should
be placed out
of the
normal
field
of
view
from
any
seat
in
the house;
3)
in
motion-picture
theaters
the
light
should
be
so
controlled that
a
minimum
falls
upon
the
screen. See
Fig.
10-59.) Stray
light
reduces
contrasts
in
the screen image.
Brightness
up to
10 footlamberts
may
be used
between
the
acts.
Luminaires
should
be
located
as
far
outside the field
of
view
as
practicable.
See
also
Sec-
tion
14.
To relieve
brightness contrasts
between
the
screen
and its
immediate
surround and
thus
contribute to eye comfort,
a
low
brightness
of
approxi-