421 MDS Course Course Director: Dr Asmaa Faden //faculty.ksu.edu.sa/Asmaa Faden Course Contributors:...
-
Upload
isabella-logan -
Category
Documents
-
view
225 -
download
0
Transcript of 421 MDS Course Course Director: Dr Asmaa Faden //faculty.ksu.edu.sa/Asmaa Faden Course Contributors:...
421 MDS Course
Course Director: Dr Asmaa Faden
http://faculty.ksu.edu.sa/Asmaa
FadenCourse
Contributors:Prof. A AlDosariDr M AlShawaf
Dr A AlMobereekDr Sally ElHaddad
Dental Diagnostic Skills
Diagnostic Method
•Is to distinguish, to identify a disease by an investigation of the signs & symptoms.
Diagnose
•Is the process of evaluating the patient’s health, as well as the resulting opinions formulated by the clinician
Diagnosis
Diagnostic Method
Diagnosis means `through knowledge` and entails acquisition of data about the patient and their
complaints using the senses:
Observing
Hearing
Touching Smellingsometimes
Diagnostic MethodThe purpose of diagnosis is to be
able to offer the most:
* Effective and safe treatment
* Accurate prognostication
Diagnostic Method• Is the ART of using scientific knowledge to
identify oral disease process & to distinguish one disease from another.
Oral Diagnosis
• Is concerned with diagnosis & treatment, consultation, referral & other phases of patient management.
• It deals especially with the relation between oral & systemic diseases.
Oral Medicine
Types of Diagnosis1- Clinical Diagnosis
2- Pathological Diagnosis 3- Direct Diagnosis
4-Provisional (Working ) Diagnosis
5- Deductive Diagnosis
6- Differential Diagnosis
7- Diagnosis by exclusion
8- Diagnosis ex-juvantibus
9- Provocative Diagnosis
Types of Diagnosis• History & Clinical ExaminationClinical Diagnosis
Pathological Diagnosis
Direct Diagnosis
Pathology results
Types of Diagnosis• Initial diagnosis from which further
investigation can be planned.Provisional Diagnosis
Deductive Diagnosis
Differential Diagnosis
* After consideration of all facts from History,
examination and investigation.
Types of Diagnosis• Identification of a disease by excluding all
other possible cause.Diagnosis
By Exclusion
Diagnosis ex-juvantibus
Provocative Diagnosis
* made on the results of response
to treatment.
Diagnostic Method
Accurate diagnosis depends on systematic approach to unique diagnostic change posed by every patient.
The most effective approach is by applying scientific method to clinical decisions.
Diagnostic Method
Diagnostic Method
Diagnostic MethodDiagnosis is made by the clinical examination, which
comprise the:
History, this offers the diagnosis in
about 80% of casesPhysical
examinationInvestigations
Sometimes
Types of Clinical Examinations
1- Comprehensive Dental Diagnosis 2- Re-call Diagnosis
3- Diagnosis of specific problem (SOAP)
4- Emergency Diagnosis
5- Screening Diagnosis
- It provides the diagnostic approach needed to compare the diagnostic finding exhibited by the patient with those of several diseases capable of
producing the clinical findings.
Differential Diagnosis
SKILL = The ability to do something well
- A skill is a Process NOT an Aim(Getting the right answer is not the aim)
Diagnostic Skills
Diagnostic SkillsThe skills that the student should
develop fall into two basic categories:
I-Investigative Skills II- Analytical Skills
Diagnostic Skills
a- Interrogatory (Questioning) Skills.b- Descriptive Skills.c- Summative Skills.
I- Investigative Skills: Help to discover and name the problem/s with which the patient present.
Diagnostic Skills
a- Interrogatory (Questioning) Skills.- How to ask the patient questions.
- How to follow up with other questions, until you get the information you need.
I- Investigative Skills:
Diagnostic Skills
b- Descriptive Skills.- Allow to see accurately what you are looking at.
- Notice what is important about what you are seeing.
I- Investigative Skills:
Diagnostic Skills
c- Summative Skills.- Allow to take in a large amount of information
and weed out exactly what you need.- Then, decide what information is missing.
- Also aid in making a brief summary statement of the problem that says what you need to say
and NO more.
I- Investigative Skills:
Diagnostic SkillsThe skills that the student should
develop fall into two basic categories:
I-Investigative Skills II- Analytical Skills
Diagnostic Skills
- Help you to take the large amount of information you gather, compare it to a known
body of information on diseases (causes of problems).
- Then, decide on the most probable cause of the patients’ problem.
II- Analytical Skills:
Diagnostic Skills
- With good analytical skills you will know when you don’t have enough information to make a decision and what you have to do to get the
information you need.- Deciding what to do to treat your patient once
you know what is the cause of the problem.- Help in follow up the treatment and learn from
the results.
II- Analytical Skills:
Diagnostic Skills
- The Goal of learning the Basic Diagnostic Skills is to develop skills with which the student can
discover, analyze, diagnose, treat and follow up patient problem.
Diagnostic Skills
1- Elicit and interpret a patient’s chief complaint.2- Describe and interpret oral soft tissue and hard
tissue lesions in terms of Location, Color and Morphology as they appear on physical
examination and on radiographs.
Objectives:
Diagnostic Skills
3- Synthesize data from the chief complaint, history of the present illness, physical
examination, medical and dental histories and other diagnostics tests to derive a pre-hypothesis statement of the patient’s problem and an initial
hypothesis list (Differential Diagnosis) for the patient’s problem.
Objectives:
Diagnostic Skills
4- Critically analyze data from texts and the literature and known information discovered
from a patient to test (rule in OR rule out) elements in the initial hypothesis list (Differential
Diagnosis).
Objectives:
Diagnostic Skills
5- Decide how to determine a final diagnosis from the elements in the final differential diagnosis
list.6- Recommend treatment and follow up for
patients whose problems you have analyzed.
Objectives:
THANK YOU
ANY QUESTION??