40G…100G….400G…800G? What’s the technology “Buzz” at the 2017

Optical Fiber Communications Conference?

Lylette Macdonald, RCDD Legrand® Data Communications Division lylette.macdonald@legrand.us

Agenda • High Performance Data Centers • Fiber Transceiver Evolution • Fiber Connectivity and Cable • Dynamic and Software Managed Systems

The Future of Optical Networking

High Performance Data Centers • Enterprise Data Centers • Hyperscale Data Centers • Webscale Data Centers • Colocation Facilities • Telco/Carriers • Government Facilities • Video Broadcast Systems and AV

Technology Demand Drivers

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Current 3-Tier versus Spine & Leaf Data Center Architectures

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3-Ti

er A

rchi

tect

ure Spine &

Leaf

– Access – Core – Aggregation or Spine

Global Data Center Traffic

A look inside Facebook*

*Posted Jul 13, 2016 by Frederic Lardinois

Mega Data Center Application

Data Center Fiber Considerations Agenda • Single mode or multimode • Ethernet standards update • Fibre channel standards update

Single Mode in the Data Center Benefits of single mode data center infrastructures: • SM has flexible reach from 500m to 10km within a single DC • Investment protection with SM by supporting speeds such as

40GbE, 100GbE and 400GbE on the same fiber plant • SM fiber is less expensive than MM fiber although MM

transceivers are less expensive • Most SM application require duplex fiber terminated with LC

connectors • MM higher speed applications are supported by parallel

optics terminated with MPO connectors

Ethernet Roadmap

Achieving 40G and 100G Speeds

Type No. of Fibers

Wavelengths per Fiber

Lane Rate (Gb/s)

Code (MMF)

Code (SMF)

Parallel 4 1 10 SR4 PSM4

WDM 1 4 10 SWDM4 LR4

Bi-Di 2 2 20 BX

Data Rate (Gb/s)

No. of Fibers

Wavelengths per Fiber

Lane Rate (Gb/s)

Code (MMF)

Code (SMF)

Parallel 10 1 10 SR10

Parallel 4 1 25 SR4 PSM4

WDM 1 4 25 SWDM4 LR4 CWDM4

40G

100G

IEEE standards in BOLD, others are proprietary 11

Optical Proposals for 400GbE

100m MMF 1λ

25G NRZ x16 Fibers

500m SMF 2λ

50G NRZ PSM-4

1λ 100G PAM-4

PSM-4

2km SMF 8λ x 50G

NRZ x1 Fiber

8λ x 50G PAM-4

x1 Fiber

4λ x 100G PAM-4

x1 Fiber

10km SMF 8λ x 50G

NRZ x1 Fiber

8λ 50G PAM-4

x1 Fiber

4λ x 100G DMT

x1 Fiber

Fibre Channel Speeds

Fibre Channel Standards Update

FC 32G PI-6 / FC 128G PI-6P completed (bit rate 28.05Gbps)

FC 64G per fiber PI-7 & FC 256G PI-7P (bit rate 56.1 Gbps per fiber) Still facing several challenges for 64G FC using PAM-4

using work from IEEE 802.3bs Clause 121 (closely related 50GBASE-SR and 64GFC MM variants)

Wideband Multimode Fiber (WBMMF)/OM5 Fibre Channel Looks like this will be a transceiver media option for PI-7 (use two or four

wavelengths for 64G/256G variants)

Requirements for Link Speed Negotiation (LSN) for transceiver modules (backwards compatibility to 32G) in development, including transmitter training for FC-PI-7 and new requirements for LSN for SFP & QSFP modules

Breakout use cases will not be documented in std. (but could be implemented by vendors)

Possibility of draft publication by June 2018

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Transceiver Evolution

• Speed(s): 100Gb/s • Four multiplexed channels of 25Gb/s (SMF) • LC-based • Lower power than CFP • Smaller form factor than CFP

Most common ports through 2020*

*source: Ethernet Alliance – “The Ethernet Roadmap”, Scott Kipp, April 15, 2015

• Speed(s): 10Gb/s or 40Gb/s

• Four 10Gb/s Ethernet, FC or InfiniBand Channels

• One 40Gb/s Ethernet Channel (combined)

• MTP-based

• Speed(s): 100Gb/s • Four parallel 25Gb/s

channels (MMF) • Four multiplexed

25Gb/s channels (SMF) • MTP or LC-based

• Speed(s): 100Gb/s or 40Gb/s • Ten parallel lanes of 10Gb/s (MMF) • Four multiplexed channels of 25Gb/s (SMF) • Four multiplexed channels of 10Gb/s (SMF) • MTP or LC-based

QSFP+

QSFP28

CFP

Form Factors 40G, 100G and Beyond

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CFP2

Transceiver Expanding Options

Transceiver solutions for applications: • From 100G to 400G • Up to Terahertz speeds • Transceiver foot print

changes • QSFP28 – 100G • QSFP-DD – up to 400G – Uses QSFP28 plug port

footprint with keyed housing

QSFP-DD QSFP-28

400 Gigabit Transceivers

The new 8x50G 400G OSFP (Octal Small Form Factor) transceivers displayed for 32-ports per 1RU

OSFP MSA has an objective of 800G

OSFP (Octal Small Form Factor Pluggable)

• Optical to Electrical to Optical (O-E-O) • All Optical (O-O-O) • Mechanically reflective using MEMS micro mirrors • Piezotransmissive • All-mechanical

• Silicon Photonics (SiP) • Electro-optic • ROADMs

Types of Optical Switching and Connectivity

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Optical Switching and Connectivity

*Intel; “Architecture and Technology”

Optical Connectivity Technology Trends

Agenda • Silicon Photonics • On-Board Optics • MPO non-physical

contact

MXC is a trademark of US Conec Ltd.

Silicon Photonics (SiC) can • Increase server bandwidth • Significantly improve data

transfer speeds • Reduce complexity

Silicon Photonics

Finisair 100G SiC Transceiver

On-Board Optics • On-board optics

– On-board or embedded optics available for over a decade

– Most are proprietary and targeted solutions

• Optical Integrated Circuits – Photonics Integrated Circuits

(PiEC) Used in Optical Transport networks

• Multi-terabit opto-electronics, the next step in optical transport

On-Board Optics - Robotic Surgery

Optical Connectivity Development

Non- physical contact connectors • MXC™ Expanded Beam Connector

– Prizm MT™ ferrule – Card edge interface optimized – Hyper-scale data center environment

MXC™, PRIZM MT™ and MTP® are registered trademarks of US Conec Ltd.

Optical Fiber Cable Developments

Agenda • OM5 Wideband Multimode fiber • Plastic Optical Fiber • Multi-core Fiber • Photonic Crystal Fiber

OM5 - Wide Band Multimode Fiber

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ANSI/TIA-492AAAE Wide Band Multimode (WBMMF)

50µ Laser Optimized Multimode Fiber

Use cost effective MM VCSEL technology

Optimized to support at least 4 wavelengths

OM5 designation

Backwards compatible

Continue to support legacy 850nm OM4 applications

No additional field testing required

Field polished the same way as any other MMF

Published 06/2016

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TR-42.12/42.11 Joint Project

Wide Band Multimode (WBMMF)

SWDM (4λ over 1 fiber)

Plastic Optical Fiber

• IGI* estimated the current global market for POF to be over $5B with an expected growth to over $7B in 2020

• POF market influencers – Increasing demand for high

speed, short optical links – Support required for links

less than 100 meters at 40 G

*IGI – Information Gatekeepers

Plastic Optical Fiber IEEE 802.3bv

IEEE 802.3bv recently ratified for Gigabit Ethernet capabilities for Plastic Optical Fiber

• 802.3bv defines physical layer specifications and management parameters for home networking, industrial and automotive applications utilizing plastic optical fiber. Applications like

• A/V Active Optical Cables • Automotive data or sensor

networks • Chemical, biological &

environmental sensors

HDMI Active Optical Cables OFNP 4K 100ft

Plastic Optical Fiber

Where is Plastic Optical Fiber (POF) headed? • New graded-index multimode plastic optical fibers

(PF GIPOF) with lower transmission loss – Supports 4K/8K Ultra High Def video transmission – Data transmission rates of 40 gigabits per second have

been demonstrated over 100 meters using PF GIPOF

• New expanded beam (lensed) “ball point pen” interconnects developed for POF fiber

Fiber Manufacturing Advancements

MCVD Process VAD Process

Applications for MCF include: • Access and metro optical networks • Wireless base stations • Data center connectivity, • Backplane & inter-chip comm. • Next-generation optical amplifiers

Benefits include: • Space saving • Increased capacity for high speed communications • Small form factor, flexible fiber • Resilient • Customizable

Multicore Optical Fiber (MCF)

Photonic Crystal Fiber

Addressing data center challenges from increasing fiber density and vertical integration of optical networks

• What is Managed and Dynamic Connectivity? • How do you build a Managed and Dynamic Network? • Why is software management a benefit ? • What does a typical managed network look like? • Where are Managed and Dynamic networks headed?

Dynamic and Software Defined Networking

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Connectivity Solutions from the “White Space” to the Digital Building

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Security Camera

IP Phone

White Space Entrance Room Edge Computing Workstation Conference Room

Physical Support & network connectivity

Cabinets Containment Fiber

Racks Fiber

Racks Copper

Cable Mgmt PoE

AV USB - C

Active Devices Server Switch Telco Switch Edge Security Camera WAP Phone

WAP

Telco Switch Server Switch

Edge

The Five Key Elements for a Managed & Dynamic Data Center

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Maximize Performance

Save Time

Optimize Space

Better Experience

Enable Sustainability

Higher bandwidth on demand

Downtime savings from human errors

New security level

Plug & Play configuration

Remote and real time network management

Easy on-demand network monitoring

24 Fiber MPO-based connectivity

Flattened network architecture

Simplified deployment (1-2-3), installation and management

Dynamic & real-time network optimization

Ability to manage remotely

Optimized power & cooling (OPEX)

LEED contribution

Today’s Big Risks for the Data Center

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1 Security

Outages / Downtime

Increasing Complexity

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3

The average cost of data center down time is between $7k and $11k per minute… Amazon’s recent outages cost S&P customers $150M…..

Data integrity & bullet-proof security is at the top of the data center manager’s list Additional added security measures can add network complexity and latency

Keeping up with network changes, equipment upgrades & scaling is more and more difficult. Information on the network can be lost as personnel changes occur

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Managed & Dynamic Switching

Layer 1 SDN Crossconnect

Orchestration Software

Managed

Connectivity

Intelligent panels and

cables

Bringing Intelligence to the Physical Layer

Intelligent Cross Connect and Patch Panel Considerations

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Software integrated solution

LED Indicators on each intelligent patch panel port

Inventory & asset management built into the software system

Port Identification & presence built in

A single software & hardware platform for both copper & fiber

API capability for 3rd party integration

Built-in TAP monitoring ports available for security purposes

Automated & Remote Port Management

Software Intuitiveness and ease of operation

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The future of connectivity will be:

Managed and Dynamic

Merging of software control with optical switching and intelligent ID technology for the management of physical layer networks:

• “Managed” means all the optical devices and connections are fully “discoverable” by the software overseeing the network

• Managed also means that changes to the network are tracked automatically and documented by the software

• “Dynamic” means that point-to-point fiber connection can be instantly connected to any other point in the network through the use of optical hardware and software commands

• Dynamic also means that the network can be configured to allow built-in tap monitoring of ports and other features such as broadcasting and network provisioning and sequestering

What is Managed & Dynamic Connectivity?

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• Optical to Electrical to Optical (O-E-O)

• All Optical (O-O-O) • Mechanically reflective using MEMS micro mirrors • Piezotransmissive • All-mechanical

• Silicon Photonics (SiP)

• Electro-optic

• ROADMs

Types of Optical Switching

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• A managed and dynamic networks needs to evolve as the complexity increases

• Connectivity insertion loss and polarity are becoming more of a challenge for today’s optical networks

• A dynamic & SDN solution can provides a dynamic and managed network through well designed software

Important Network Fabric Architecture

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Managed & Dynamic Management

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Fiber & Copper Connectivity

Physical Infrastructure

Software Defined Networking (SDN)) Software is the key

to Digital Transformation

Physical Layer moves on to the Digital Transformation Highway

The Evolution to Managed & Dynamic Physical Layer Connectivity

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• Applications are purpose built solutions that deliver analysis and results to businesses.

• Communications networks provide reachability to applications.

• Software control and SDN increase agility and scalability by making the network MANAGED and DYNAMIC:

• MANAGED network hardware and topology are controlled & discovered via software in real time.

• DYNAMIC network configurations and reachability can be changed at will via software as needed.

• Physical layer copper and fiber provides the fundamental connectivity for network switching devices

• Current solutions are MANUAL and SLOW to change.

• MANAGED physical layer provides auto-discovery of accurate, real-time physical topology.

• DYNAMIC physical layer enables software-controlled connectivity reconfiguration and MACs.

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Simplified Connectivity with:

1 Physical Support 2 Managed

Switching 3

Server

Switch

Server Cabinet Network Cabinet Core Rack

Intelligent Cross Connect Intelligent Cross Connect REDUNDANCY

Managed Patching &

Connectivity

Intelligent Patch Panels

Intelligent Patch Panel

24F MPO Trunks

24F MPO Trunks

Transceivers

MPO Array Cords

Transceivers

LC Patch Cords

Intelligent Patch Panel

LC Patch Cords

3

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The Power of Software Management Features

• Automatic discovery of Layer 1 devices

• Real-time live view of Layer 1 topology

• Asset management, network documentation

• Technician guidance (guided MACs)

• Identification of attached devices

• Digital port labeling

• Monitoring application for automated tapping

• Active/historical alarm management

• Audit trail to associate changes to operators

• Advanced built-in link diagnostics

• Port finder, path finder

• Port reservation

The Value of the Software-Based Solution

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Maximize Performance – Higher bandwidth on demand

– Downtime savings from human errors

– New security level

Save Time – Plug & Play configuration

– Remote and real time network management

– Easy on-demand network monitoring

Optimize Space – 24 Fiber MPO-based connectivity

– Flattened network architecture

Better Experience – Simplified deployment (1-2-3), installation and management

– Dynamic & real-time network optimization

– Ability to manage remotely

Enable Sustainability – Optimized power & cooling (OPEX)

– LEED contribution

Connectivity

Physical Infrastructure

Software Defined Networking (SDN)

Security & Diagnostics with built-in monitoring & tap

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Diagnostics

Server Switch

Server

Note: for automated monitor/tap, Layer 1 Switch Features are required in the network.

There are many use cases for data tap in a network

Software automatically discovers the network

Every server, switch, router connection is documented

Point & click data stream in a copy is made non-intrusively and the copied data is delivered to diagnostic servers

Server

Troubleshoot for application level issues

Take any server off line or to a dev. Network real-time

Instantly quarantine a suspect machine

Operations & Maintenance with software management

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The business of running of a data center network operations is very involved. Dynamic and Managed networks are designed to ease day to day operational challenges.

Network planning personnel can plan the network in software, OFF-LINE

The software then helps the installation process and keeps the documentation of the network current at all times

When network ops creates a ticket to move a server from one switch port to another, the system takes over

The software system can guide technicians to perform the work. At one level the system can even make the required changes, that’s a DYNAMIC solution.

• Installing a software-based Managed & Dynamic Network provides a more flexible and intuitive way to manage a Data Center

• The network can reside in parallel with the existing network without the need to replace the existing infrastructure

• Additional benefits of seamless built-in tap monitoring and connectivity tracking are available

Pulling it all together…..

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Conclusion • High Performance Data Centers • Fiber Transceiver Evolution • Fiber Connectivity and Cable • Dynamic and Software Managed Systems

The Future of Optical Networking

Thank You

Lylette Macdonald, RCDD Dir. Of Training & Program Support

Legrand Data Communications Division