Tourism: jobs and growth The economic contribution of the tourism ...
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Transcript of 4 tourism growth
3b. Global Tourism growth
Why has tourism become a global phenomenon?
You should be able to: 1. Account for the growth of global
tourism 2. Explain with authentic examples how
demand and destination factors can affect tourism at a specific place
By the end of this lesson
Factors Causing Global Tourism Growth
Demand Factors Destination Factors
1. Increase in
Disposable
Income
2. Increase in
leisure time
3. Changing
Lifestyles
1. Attractions
2. Investment in
Infrastructure and
Services
3. Access to Information/
Marketing
4. Political Stability
Technology
Describe the trend of per capita disposable income. [4]
• General pattern • Percentage change ?• Any sudden changes?
Demand FactorsGlobal Disposable Incomes have:• been generally increasing from 1981
to 2012• seen from the figure where
percentage change has remained positive
• However, two instances where disposable income has decreased (1991 and 2009)
• seen from the figure where percentage change is negative
Class work • Use lecture notes and text book pages 36-45• Complete Q1b, 4b, 5 and 8a
6
Demand Factors
Demand Factors• Refers to factors that influence people’s
desire and capability to travel and purchase tourism related goods and services
Demand Factors
Disposable Income• Refers to the amount
of money left for an individual to spend, or to be set aside as savings, after taxes
Demand Factors
Disposable Income• Increase in disposable income enables
people to spend more on goods and activities which would improve their quality of life
• Accounts for growth in tourism as people can afford to travel more frequently and to more expensive destinations
Demand FactorsLeisure Time• Refers to time available outside of the
demands of work or duty• Increasing trend where people enjoy a
minimum of three weeks of paid annual leave
• Increase in leisure time allows people to travel more
Demand FactorsLeisure Time
Demand Factors
Changing Lifestyles• Refers to the way a person lives which
includes patterns of social relations, consumption and entertainment
• Higher education levels propels people to travel to know more about the world
• Education has also developed varied interests in people resulting in people attracted to various tourist destinations (e.g. nature lovers to ecotourism)
Demand FactorsChanging Lifestyles• Travelling also acts as a stress-reliever
for people who want respite from urban/ working life
• Longer life expectancy and increasing affluence results in more people travelling the world after retirement
Destination Factors
Destination Factors • Related to the infrastructure and services
offered in tourism destinations that allow for more convenient and comfortable stay for tourists
Burj Al Arab , Dubai, UAE
Destination Factors
Attractions• Refers to the range of attractions in a
tourist location• Presence of attractions which are varied
in type would encourage tourists to visit the destination
• Has Singapore been successful in this area?
Destination Factors
Attractions
Destination Factors
Investment in Infrastructure and Services• Refers to the presence of a range of large-
scale public systems, services, and facilities
• Includes tourist accommodation, medical facilities, transport infrastructure, recreational and entertainment facilities
• Destination with more investments in infrastructure and services likely to attract more tourists
Destination Factors
Investment in Infrastructure and Services
Destination Factors
Access to Information• Refers to the ease in which tourists are
able to obtain information of the destination
• This could be in the form of internet or print sources (e.g. Lonely Planet Guidebooks)
• Tourists more inclined to visit destinations that has more information available
Destination Factors
Access to Information
Destination Factors
Marketing• Refers to the advertising or promotion of a
good or service
Destination Factors
Marketing• Potential visitors get access to information
through the marketing of the destination by their respective countries
• Prevalent use of the mass media to advertise on certain marketable traits of destinations
• Destination more likely to attract visitors if marketing is done well
Destination Factors
Marketing Campaigns
Destination FactorsPolitical Stability• Countries which are in the midst of
conflicts or wars are deemed to be unsafe for tourists
• E.g. Syria and Iraq are not visited currently despite having attractions
Ruins of Palmyra, Syria Great Ziggurat of Ur, Iraq
Technology• The advent of technology and various Web
2.0 tools makes travelling to another country much easier
• Can you think of technology available now which aids in increasing tourism that was not available in the past?
TechnologyHotel Reviews and Bookings
TechnologyTravel Blogs and Online Itineraries
Learning Points • The growth of tourism is due to a
combination of demand and destination factors
• The growth of tourism is also propelled by the rise of technology which allows tourists to access information, plan their travel itinerary and book for accommodation and transport