4 th Quarter Vocabulary 7 th Grade. Part I #1-Full Moon though #16-Venus.
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Transcript of 4 th Quarter Vocabulary 7 th Grade. Part I #1-Full Moon though #16-Venus.
#1-Full Moon
ODefinition: Phase that occurs when all of the Moon’s surface facing Earth reflects light.
#2-New Moon
ODefinition: Phase that occurs when the Moon is between Earth and the Sun and cannot be seen.
#3-Waning
ODefinition: Phases that occur after a full moon, as the visible light side of the Moon grows smaller.
#4-Waxing
ODefinition: Phases following a new moon, as more of the Moon’s lighted side becomes visible.
#6-Jupiter
ODefinition: Fifth and largest planet from the Sun; contains more mass than all the other planets combined.
#7-Mars
ODefinition: Fourth planet from the Sun; has a thin atmosphere and a reddish appearance from iron oxide in weathered rocks.
#8-Mercury
ODefinition: Smallest planet, closest to the Sun; has a thin atmosphere and a surface with many craters and high cliffs.
#11-NeptuneO Definition: Usually the 8th planet from
the Sun; is bluish green in color and has rings that vary in thickness.
#12-PlutoO Definition: A dwarf planet once
considered to be the ninth planet from the Sun; has a solid icy-rock surface and a single moon.
#13-SaturnO Definition: Second-largest and sixth
planet from the Sun; has a complex ring system, thick atmosphere of hydrogen and helium, and at least 18 moons.
#14-Solar SystemO Definition: System of eight planets
including the Earth and other objects that revolve around the Sun.
#15-UranusO Definition: Seventh planet from the
Sun, rotates on an axis nearly parallel to the plane of its orbit.
#16-VenusO Definition: Second planet from the
Sun; similar to Earth in mass and size; has a thick atmosphere.
#18-Apparent Magnitude
• Definition: Measure of the amount of light from a star that is received on Earth.
#19-Big Bang Theory
• Definition: States that about 12 billion to 15 billion years ago the universe began with a huge, fiery explosion.
#20-Black Hole
• Definition: Final stage of a supernova, where the core’s mass collapses to a point that not even light can escape.
#23-Light-Year
• Definition: Distance light travels in one year (9.5 trillion km) which is used to record distances between stars and galaxies.
#24-Neutron Star
• Definition: Collapsed core of a supernova that can shrink to about 20 km in diameter and contains only neutrons in the dense core.
#26-Sunspot
• Definition: Areas of the Sun that are cooler and less bright than surrounding areas and are caused by the Sun’s magnetic field.
#30-Electric FieldDefinition: Surrounds every electric charge and exerts forces on other electric charges.
#31-Electric Force
Definition: Attractive or repulsive force exerted by all charged objects on each other.
#32-Electric Power
Definition: Rate at which electrical energy is converted into other forms of energy, measured in watts.
#34-Ion
Definition: Atom that is positively or negatively charged because it has gained or lost one or more electron.
#35-Ohm’s LawDefinition: States that the current in a circuit equals the voltage divided by the resistance in the circuit.
#36-Parallel Circuit
Definition: Circuit that has more than one path for electric current to follow.
#37-Resistance
Definition: A measure of how difficult it is for electrons to flow in a material; unit is the ohm.
#40-Voltage
Definition: Measure of the amount of electrical potential energy an electron flowing in a circuit can gain; measured in volts.
#43-Electromagnet
• Definition: Magnet created by wrapping a current carrying wire around an iron core.
#44-Generator
• Definition: Devise that uses a magnetic field to turn kinetic energy into electrical energy.
#49-Transformer
• Definition: Device used to increase or decrease the voltage of an alternating current.
#61-Alternative Resource
ODefinition: New renewable or inexhaustible energy source; includes solar energy, wind, and geothermal energy.
#67-Law of Conservation of Energy
ODefinition: States that energy can change its form but is never created or destroyed.
#71-Thermal Energy
ODefinition: Energy that all objects have that increases as the object’s temperature increases.