ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION

Definition

4 Rules;

Enter into state without legal documents Overstaying Having a job without work permit Violating both work and residence

permits

Legal Background

FRONTEX; 26 October 2004, Council Regulation (EC) No 2007/2004

EURODAC; 11 December 2000, Council Regulation (EC) No 2725/2000

EUROSUR; 13 February 2008, COM(2008) 68 final

FRONTEX Aims;

Training Surveillance Return of illegal nationals Make Joint Operations

FRONTEX

FRONTEX

Structure; Training Centre; Vienna The Risk Analysis Centre; Helsinki Centre for Land Borders; Berlin The Air Borders Centre; Rome

FRONTEX

CRATE ; Centralised Record of Available Technical Equipment Voluntary Donations Shared; temporarily, not given Transferable Current state ; insufficient amount of

equipment to fully supply a joint operation

FRONTEX

RABIT; Rapid Border Intervention Teams Temporary Deployment on request Selected from expert national guards

Immigrant Liaison Officers; Gather information on;

Flows Routes Means

FRONTEX

Budget ; Revenues ;

Donations Service fees EBF ; External Borders Fund

Expenditures ; Staff wages Operational Expenditures Administrative Expenditures Infastructural Expenditures

EURODAC

EUROSUR

In development ;

3 Stages;

Phase 1; Link with communication network

Phase 2; Research & Development

Phase 3; Establish a center of command

Penalties

Human Smuggling & Trafficking

Carrier Sanctions; Council Directive 2001/51/EC

Illegal Employment

Return and Re-admission

Conditions ; Directive 2008/115/EC

2 types; Voluntary Forced

Re-admission Simplified Process Normal Procedure

WHAT ABOUT MEMBER STATES?

The challenge of a large influx of migrants, legal and illegal, arriving at European Union’s shores..

-Human Rights ?

-Security of European Union itself

-Security of Nation States (MSs)

ITALY Located Southern

Europe The first

destination of Mediterranean Migrations

Libya and the other Northern Countries; over 22.000 migrants

FRANCE

Colonialism from historical background African Countries which speak French

UNITED KINGDOM

Non-Schengen Country

Especially Indian Case

Very strong law enforcement against human trafficking

SPAIN

Located Southern Europe

Strait of Gibraltar; easily reachable position

Cost of Border Control??

‘’To fight against this movement, Turkey needs money. For instance, the United States to control its border spends $5.5 billion per year. But still there is no or little money, coming from the European Union to Turkey. Only they are a few training programs. And in the small police or gendarme stations across around the country those police offices there is no single budget item to provide food for them or accommodation to them and in this sense what happens in practice they try to close their eyes instead of catching migrants.’’ -Ahmet Icduygu

Turkey’s Key Position

‘’Turkey is likely to become a country of first asylum’’

Geographical Position; Feature of Transient Area

Instability in Middle East; influx of illegal immigrants

Cooperation with EU

Thanks for Your Time

-Barış Can Başkan

-Ecem Sekizkardeş