4 Incident Management System. 2 Objectives (1 of 2) Describe the characteristics of the incident...
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Transcript of 4 Incident Management System. 2 Objectives (1 of 2) Describe the characteristics of the incident...
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Incident Management System
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Objectives (1 of 2)
• Describe the characteristics of the incident management system.
• Explain the organization of the incident management system.
• Function within an assigned role within the incident management system.
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Objectives (2 of 2)
• Organize and coordinate an incident management system until command is transferred.
• Transfer command within an incident management system.
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Introduction
• IMS is a management structure.– Based on business management principles
• IMS should be used for all operations and training.
• IMS is a concept or model.– Variations exist.– Every fire fighter must know it thoroughly.
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History of IMS (1 of 3)
• Pre-1970s– Every fire department had its own methods of
incident management.– Organization often depended on the style of the
chief on duty.– Such an approach was not expandable.
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History of IMS (2 of 3)
• 1970s– FIRESCOPE
• Established in response to several large-scale wildland fires in California
• Developed first standard Incident Command System (ICS)
– Fireground Command System• Initially developed for day-to-day department
incidents, but could be expanded
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History of IMS (3 of 3)
• 1980s– FIRESCOPE ICS adopted by all federal and most
state wildland firefighting agencies– Several federal regulations and consensus
standards adopted
• Present– IMS is best of ICS and FGC
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Characteristics of the IMS
• Jurisdictional authority
• All risk and all hazard system
• Everyday applicability
• Unity of command• Span of control• Modular
organization
• Common terminology
• Integrated communications
• Consolidated action plans
• Designated incident facilities
• Resource management
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Jurisdictional Authority
• Clearly defines the agency that will be in charge
• When there are overlapping responsibilities, IMS may employ a unified command.
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All-Risk/All-Hazard System
• IMS works equally well at all types of incidents.
– Emergencies– Non-emergency events
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Everyday Applicability
• IMS can be used for everyday operations as well as major incidents.
• Regular use of IMS builds familiarity with procedures and terminology.
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• Each person has only one supervisor.
• All orders and assignments come from that supervisor.
Unity of Command
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• The number of subordinates a supervisor has
• In most situations, three to seven is the most one person can manage.
• In IMS, span of control should be limited to five.
Span of Control
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Modular Organization
• IMS is designed to be modular.
• Not every component must be used.
• Additional components can be added as needed.
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Common Terminology
• Terminology is common and consistent within and among agencies in the IMS.
• Common terminology eliminates confusion.
– “Tanker”: water supply apparatus or aircraft?
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Integrated Communications
• Communications supported up and down the chain of command
• Messages must move efficiently through the system.
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Consolidated IncidentAction Plans
• Everyone follows one overall plan.• May be developed by the IC alone at
small incidents• Developed in collaboration with all
agencies involved on larger incidents
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Designated Incident Facilities
• Required facilities established according to the IMS plan
• Includes standard designations for commonly needed facilities, such as:
– Rehabilitation sector– Command post– Staging area
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Resource Management
• Standard system of assigning and tracking resources involved on the incident
• In structural firefighting, basic units are companies.
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The IMS Organization
• Positions are staffed as needed.
• IC position must be filled at every incident.
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Command
• The IC is ultimately responsible for managing the incident.
• Command is established by the first unit on scene.
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Unified Command
• Used when agencies overlap
• Representatives from each agency cooperate to share command authority.
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Command Post
• Headquarters location for the incident
• Should be in a nearby, protected location– Enables command staff to function without
distractions or interruptions
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Command Staff (1 of 2)
• Safety Officer– Responsible for the safety of all personnel– Can stop or suspend unsafe operations
• Liaison Officer– The IC’s point of contact for outside agencies
• Public Information Officer– Gathers and releases incident information to the
news media
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Command Staff (2 of 2)
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General Staff
• IC may appoint people to oversee parts of the operation .
• Four section chiefs for the major IMS components:
– Operations– Planning– Logistics– Finance Administration
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Operations
• Responsible for all actions that are directly related to controlling the incident
– Fire suppression– Rescue– EMS
• Conducted in accordance with an Incident Action Plan (IAP)
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Planning
• Responsible for the collection, evaluation, dissemination, and use of information relevant to the incident
• Also responsible for developing and updating the IAP
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Logistics
• Responsible for providing supplies, services, facilities, and materials during the incident
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Finance/Administration
• Responsible for accounting and financial aspects of an incident
• Responsible for any legal issues that may arise
• Not staffed at most incidents
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Standard IMS Conceptsand Terminology
• A common language is essential for different agencies to work together toward a goal.
• A common language eliminates wasting time due to miscommunication.
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IMS Terminology
• Single Resources and Crews
• Divisions, Groups, and Sectors
• Branches
• Location Designators
• Task Forces and Strike Teams
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Single Resources and Crews
• Single resource– A vehicle and its assigned personnel
• Crew– Groups of fire fighters working without
apparatus
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Divisions, Groups, and Sectors
• Division– Companies/crews working in the same geographic
area
• Group– Companies/crews working on the same task or
objective
• Sector– Companies/crews assigned by geography or
function
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Branches
• Higher level of combined resources working on a particular aspect of the overall emergency
• A branch director can oversee several divisions, groups, and/or sectors.
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Location Designators
• Identify different parts of a fire scene– Sides
• Units at Side A are “Division A”
– Exposures• Closest exposure takes same designator as
side
– Floors• Floor number is designator
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Task Forces and Strike Teams (1 of 2)
• Groups of single resources assigned to work together
• Task force– Up to five single resources of any type
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Task Forces and Strike Teams (2 of 2)
• Strike team– Five units of the
same type working on a common task or function
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Implementing IMS
• Modular design allows organization to expand, based on needs.
• Tasks are defined in advance.
• Most frequently used components:– Divisions– Groups– Sectors
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Standard Position Titles (1 of 2)
• Clarify roles within the IMS organization
• Title includes functional/geographic area, followed by designator.
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Standard Position Titles (2 of 2)
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Working within the IMS
• Every fire fighter must understand the IMS and his/her role within it.
• Three basic components:– Someone is in command of every incident.– You always report to one supervisor.– The company officer reports to the IC.
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Responsibilities of First-Arriving Fire Fighters
• IMS organization built around the units that take initial action
• Company officers need to assume command until relieved by a higher-ranking officer.
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Assuming Command
• The officer of the first-in unit is automatically in command.
• This is formally announced on the radio.
• An initial report should be given as well.
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Confirmation of Command
• Initial radio report lets everyone know that command has been established.
• An incident identifier should be chosen.
• Passing command– First-in unit can pass command to second-in if
conditions warrant it– Second-in unit MUST assume command
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Transfer of Command
• One person relinquishes command to another.
• Current situation status report is given to the new IC.
• Information transfer must be complete and accurate.
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Situation Status Report Information
• Tactical priorities • Action plans• Hazardous or
potentially hazardous conditions
• Accomplishments
• Assessment of effectiveness of operations
• Current status of resources– Additional resource
requirements
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Command Transfer Rationale
• Transfer of command determined by a variety of factors:– Complexity of the incident– Officer’s level of experience– Involvement of multiple agencies
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Summary (1 of 2)
• IMS is applicable to incidents of any size.
• All functions in the IMS must be addressed at every incident.
– On smaller incidents, this may only require one person to handle all functions.
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Summary (2 of 2)
• The IC has ultimate responsibility to meet incident requirements.
• All fire fighters must understand the IMS and what their role in an IMS is.
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