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Chapter 3 :MATTER

Produced by : Kong Sing San

What is matter?

Matter is anything that has mass

and occupies space (memenuhi ruang

占用空间).


3.1 Matter has mass and occupies space

Do you think

non-matter exist?


NON-MATTER

Non-matter also exist (wujud).

Its does not have mass and does not

occupy space.

Example: gravity, light, sound, heat and

electricity.


Is air a matter too?

Does air has mass?

Does air occupies

space?Produced by : Kong Sing San

☺They are 2 experiment to show that

air has mass and occupies space

which are:

a) Air occupies space.

b) Air has mass.


Matter exists in 3 different states:

Solid (pepejal , 固体)

Liquid ( cecair, 液体)

Gas ( gas, 气体)


3.2 The Three States of Matter

SOLID

• A solid is matter that has that has

definite size and shape.

• Example: Put a sneaker in a box.

It stays the same.


SOLIDS


LIQUID

• A liquid takes the shape of any container.

• Example: Pour juice into a glass. The

juice will take on the shape of the glass.


Liquids


Gas

• Gas is matter that has no definite shape.

Gases take the shape of whatever

container they are in .

• Example: The air all around us is a gas.


GAS


Is this a solid, a liquid, or a gas?Can you find more than one type of matter in any of the pictures?



Differences of the three states of matter

Diffusion ( Difusi 流传)

• Happens when molecules of one

substance mixes with molecules of another

substance.

• Diffusion happens more easily in gas, then

liquid and finally solid.


3.3 Density

• Density is the mass per volume.


Density = mass (g)

volume(cm )

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lecturePLUS Timberlake 18

Examples

Osmium is a very dense metal. What is its

density in g/cm3 if 50.00 g of the metal occupies

a volume of 2.22cm3?

1) 2.25 g/cm3

2) 22.5 g/cm3

3) 111 g/cm3

lecturePLUS Timberlake 19

Solution

2) Placing the mass and volume of the osmium

metal into the density setup, we obtain

D = mass = 50.00 g =

volume 2.22 cm3

= 22.522522 g/cm3 = 22.5 g/cm3

How to compare the densities of

objects

An object which is less dense will float in a

liquid which is denser.

An object which is denser (more dense)

will sink in a liquid that is less dense


Applying the concept of

density

• Hot air balloon

• Ship anchor

• Submarine


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