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3/5/2015 1 Guide to FY2016 Research Funding at the Department of Defense (DOD) Contact: James Murday, DC Office of Research Advancement 202 824 5863, [email protected] Summary and Index This document provides insights into the various DOD funding agency opportunities for University basic research (6.1) and for some applied research (6.2) efforts, with special attention to changes anticipated in FY2016. Additional information is available through the USC Mission Agency Program Summary (MAPS) website (more detail in Resources). DOD funds research that is relevant to its mission, predominantly drawing on engineering, computer/information science, and physical sciences. The Department has identified seven priorities: Autonomy, Counter Weapons of Mass Destruction, Cyber Sciences, Data‐to‐Decisions, Electronic Warfare, Engineered Resilient Systems, and Human Systems. Descriptive of DOD basic research funding opportunities pages 2‐10 Brief descriptions of the DOD agencies and funding mechanisms pertinent to Universities. 2‐6 Resources for additional basic research information: 7 Table 1: FY11/13 DOD basic and applied research funding at Universities (~$2B/yr) 8 Table 2: DOD Basic Research Budget funding pertinent to Universities (~$1.5B) 9 Table 3: DOD Basic Research Budget Evolution – FY2014 to FY2016 10 Descriptive of Selected DOD applied research funding opportunities pages 11‐17 Brief descriptions of the DOD agencies and funding mechanisms pertinent to Universities 11‐16 Table 4: DOD Applied Research Budget Evolution – FY2014 to FY2016 17 Appendix 1: FY2016 Basic Research Program Significant Changes pages 18‐21 The Service basic research budgets show increases compared to the President’s budget request of last year, but Congressional action added to the Service research accounts significantly in 2015. So the 2016 requests for the Air Force and Navy are about 12% smaller than the funds available to them in 2015. $M growth from FY15 page(s) ARO Life Sciences from 7.8 to 9.8 18 Physics from 13.6 to 16.3 18 ONR Counter Improvised Explosive Device Sciences from 14.6 to 16.5 18 Medical/Biological from 18.2 to 18.2 19 Ocean Sciences from 79.3 to 80.7 19 Weapons from 17.9 to 18.2 19 DARPA Big Mechanism (medical data) from 16 to 24 19 Mining and Understanding Software Enclaves from 8 to 12 19 Building Resource Adaptive Software from Specs from 2.5 to 9.5 20 Transparent Computing from 10 to 15.4 20 Next Generation Atomic Clock from 0 to 4.6 20 Electronic Globalization (chip security) from 0 to 3 20 Nanoscale & Emergent Effects and Engn Devices from 13 to 20 21 Applying Biological Complexity at Scale from 0 to 10 21 Harnessing Biological Systems from 0 to 10 21

Transcript of 3/5/2015 Guide to FY2016 at the Department of (DOD ... 2: DOD Basic Research Budget funding...

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GuidetoFY2016ResearchFundingattheDepartmentofDefense(DOD)

Contact:JamesMurday,DCOfficeofResearchAdvancement2028245863,[email protected]

SummaryandIndex

ThisdocumentprovidesinsightsintothevariousDODfundingagencyopportunitiesforUniversitybasicresearch(6.1)andforsomeappliedresearch(6.2)efforts,withspecialattentiontochangesanticipatedinFY2016.AdditionalinformationisavailablethroughtheUSCMissionAgencyProgramSummary(MAPS)website(moredetailinResources).DODfundsresearchthatisrelevanttoitsmission,predominantlydrawingonengineering,computer/informationscience,andphysicalsciences.TheDepartmenthasidentifiedsevenpriorities:Autonomy,CounterWeaponsofMassDestruction,CyberSciences,Data‐to‐Decisions,ElectronicWarfare,EngineeredResilientSystems,andHumanSystems.DescriptiveofDODbasicresearchfundingopportunities pages2‐10BriefdescriptionsoftheDODagenciesandfundingmechanismspertinenttoUniversities.2‐6Resourcesforadditionalbasicresearchinformation: 7Table1:FY11/13DODbasicandappliedresearchfundingatUniversities(~$2B/yr) 8Table2:DODBasicResearchBudgetfundingpertinenttoUniversities(~$1.5B) 9Table3:DODBasicResearchBudgetEvolution–FY2014toFY2016 10DescriptiveofSelectedDODappliedresearchfundingopportunities pages11‐17BriefdescriptionsoftheDODagenciesandfundingmechanismspertinenttoUniversities11‐16Table4:DODAppliedResearchBudgetEvolution–FY2014toFY2016 17Appendix1:FY2016BasicResearchProgramSignificantChanges pages18‐21TheServicebasicresearchbudgetsshowincreasescomparedtothePresident’sbudgetrequestoflastyear,butCongressionalactionaddedtotheServiceresearchaccountssignificantlyin2015.Sothe2016requestsfortheAirForceandNavyareabout12%smallerthanthefundsavailabletothemin2015.

$MgrowthfromFY15page(s)AROLifeSciences from7.8to9.8 18Physics from13.6to16.3 18ONRCounterImprovisedExplosiveDeviceSciences from14.6to16.5 18Medical/Biological from18.2to18.2 19OceanSciences from79.3to80.7 19Weapons from17.9to18.2 19DARPABigMechanism(medicaldata) from16to24 19MiningandUnderstandingSoftwareEnclaves from8to12 19BuildingResourceAdaptiveSoftwarefromSpecs from2.5to9.5 20TransparentComputing from10to15.4 20NextGenerationAtomicClock from0to4.6 20ElectronicGlobalization(chipsecurity) from0to3 20Nanoscale&EmergentEffectsandEngnDevices from13to20 21ApplyingBiologicalComplexityatScale from0to10 21HarnessingBiologicalSystems from0to10 21

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Appendix2:FY2016SelectedAppliedProgramswithSignificantChange

$MgrowthfromFY14page(s)ONRAnti‐submarineWarfareDistributedSearch from13.5to21.4 24FutureNavalCapabilitiesinitiatinginFY2016

OperationalPlanningTool 24AdvancedTopcoatSystem(ATS) 24DensifiedPropellantFireFromEnclosure‐ConfinedSpacePropulsion 24IncapacitationPredictionforReadinessinExpeditionaryDomains 24CombinedEO/IRSurveillanceandResponseSystem(CESARS) 25FlexibleSea‐basedForceProjection(FSFP) 25Ship‐launchedEWExtendedEnduranceDecoy(SEWEED) 25SurfaceShipPeriscopeDetectionandDiscrimination(SSPDD) 25SoftkillPerformanceandReal‐TimeAssessment(SPARTA) 26ReactiveElectronicAttackMeasures(REAM) 26

DARPA–thoseprogramsinitiatingin2016PerformanceOptimizationinComplexEnvironments from0to11.8 27ScalableOpticalNodesforNetworkedEdgeTraversal from0to3.5 27ElectronicGlobalization from0to12 27StrategicMobility from0to8 28MobileInfantry from0to6 29Gremlin from0to8 29UnderstandingMachineIntelligence(UMI) from0to12.7 29Biological‐ComputationalPlatforms from0to10.5 30BiologicalRobustnessinComplexSettings(BRICS) from0to8.1 30HipowerAmpusingVacElectronicsforOvermatchCapab from0to12 30NextGenerationAtomicClock(NGAC) from0to8.4 31PreciseRobustInertialGuidanceforMunitions(PRIGM) from0to10 31NearZeroEnergyRFandSensorOperations(N‐ZERO) from0to4.5 31MicrowavesandMagnetics(M&M) from0to5 31MultiPLEX from0to8 31DiamondEnhancedDevices(DiamEnD) from0to6 31DTRADetectionTechnologies from0to26 32CBWDPercutaneousProtection from0to5 32Appendix3:IllustrationofaprogramofficerdatasheetontheUSCMAPSwebsite33Appendix4:AcronymGlossary AgencySpecific 34‐35 General 36

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OverviewSinceDODreliesheavilyontechnologicaladvantage,contributionsfromresearch,developmentandengineeringmustbemarshaledtomeettomorrow'sdefensechallenges.DODfundsresearchanddevelopment(R&D)thatisrelevanttoitsmission,predominantlydrawingonengineering,computer/informationscience,andphysicalsciences.However,DODalsofundslimitedsocialscience,medical,andlifescienceresearch.TheDODhasmanydifferentfundingorganizationsthatengageinResearch,Development,TestandEvaluation(RDT&E),eachwithitsownfociandidiosyncrasies.ThebetterknownsarethethreeServices(AirForce,Army,andNaval)andtheDefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency.InformationontheRDT&EbudgetscanbefoundintheannualDODR‐1Documentthatsummarizesthebudgetatahighlevel,andtheR‐2documents(ResearchandDevelopmentDescriptiveSummaries)thataddresseachagencyprograminmoredetail.(http://comptroller.defense.gov/budgetmaterials.aspx)AspartofitsinvestmentinR&D,DODfundsbasicresearch(labeled6.1,orBA1),appliedresearch(6.2,orBA2)andadvancedtechnologydevelopment(6.3,orBA3).Takentogether,thesethreebudgetlinesarereferredtoastheS&Tinvestment.TheDepartmenthasidentifiedsevenScienceandTechnology(S&T)priorities:Autonomy,CounterWeaponsofMassDestruction,CyberScienceandTechnology,Data‐to‐Decisions,ElectronicWarfare/ElectronicProtection,EngineeredResilientSystems,andHumanSystems.Universitiesgetabout60%ofthebasicresearch,10%ofthe6.2,and5%ofthe6.3funding.However,the6.2and6.3fundingatUniversitiesincludesUniversityAffiliatedResearchCenters(UARCs)andotherentitiesthatarestructuredtohandlethegreaterdeadline,securityclassification,andreportingrequirements.On6.2/6.3projects,itisnotunusualforaUniversityprofessortobeacollaboratorwithindustry,auniversityaffiliatedorganization(suchastheInformationSciencesInstitute(ISI)andtheInstituteforCreativeTechnologies(ICT)atUSC),oraDODlaboratory/center.BasicResearchDODdefinesbasicresearchassystematicstudydirectedtowardgreaterknowledgeorunderstandingofthefundamentalaspectsofphenomenaand/orobservablefactswithoutspecificapplicationstowardprocessesorproductsinmind.Withveryfewexceptions,basicresearchwillnotbeclassifiedorrestricted,withresultstobereportedintheopenliterature.TheOfficeoftheAssistantSecretaryofDefense(Research&Engineering)hasidentifiedhighprioritybasicresearchtopics:a)metamaterialsandplasmonics,b)quantuminformationscience,c)cognitiveneuroscience,d)nanoscienceandnanoengineering,e)syntheticbiology,andf)computationalmodelingofhumanandsocialbehavior.Onoccasion,theDODOfficeofBasicResearchsponsorsworkshopsinemergingareasofscience/engineeringthatitperceivesasimportanttotheDOD;theseworkshopsaremeanttoguideresearchinvestment.InNovember2014theDODreleasedasolicitationthroughAFOSRthatrequestedinputonFutureDirectionTopicsforbasicresearch(solicitation#FDWRFI0004).

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FundingforbasicresearchisavailablefromseveralDODagencies,eachhavingitsownparticularfocus: ArmyResearchOffice(ARO):www.arl.army.mil/www/default.cfm?page=29

Focus:soldier,groundforcemission(6.1only) AirForceOfficeofScientificResearch(AFOSR):www.wpafb.af.mil/afrl/afosr/

Focus:pilot,aerospacemission(6.1only) OfficeofNavalResearch(ONR):www.onr.navy.mil/

Focus:sailor,marine,ship,oceanmission(6.1‐6.3) DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA):www.darpa.mil/

Focus:defense‐widetechnologyinnovation(6.1–6.3) DefenseThreatReductionAgency(DTRA):www.dtra.mil/

Focus:weaponsofmassdestruction(6.1–6.3) ChemicalBiologicalDefenseProgram(CBDP):www.jpeocbd.osd.mil/

Focus:chemical/biologicalwarfaredefense(6.1‐6.3)–managedthroughDTRA OfficeSecretaryofDefense(OSD):www.acq.osd.mil/rd/

Focus:overarchingDefenseissues DefenseMedicalR&DProgram(DMDRP):dmrdp.dhhq.health.mil/home.aspx

Focus:militaryspecificmedicalresearch(6.1–6.3) CongressionalDirectedMedicalResearchProgram(CDMRP):cdmrp.army.mil/

Focus:medicalresearchofinteresttoaCongressperson(6.1only)

GenericBasicResearchBroadAgencyAnnouncements‐SingleInvestigatorEffortsThemajorityofDODbasicresearchfundingisinvestedinsingleinvestigatoreffortsandadvertisedthroughrelativelygenericBroadAreaAnnouncements(BAAs).Thefundingfortheseeffortstypicallyrangesbetween$100‐200K/yrforthreeyears;continuationispossible.Approximately20%oftheprojectswillbeturnedoverannually.WhilepeerreviewisusedtodifferingdegreesbythevariousDODagencies,theprogramofficershavefargreaterlatitudethandoNSFprogramofficers.Soitisessentialtocontactaprogramofficerandexploremutualinterests.Toidentifytheappropriateprogramofficers,onecanusetheUSCMAPSwebsitekeywordsearchengine,and/orcontactMurday.Awhitepaperisveryuseful(oftenrequired).Theprogramofficersdon’twanttowasteyourtimewriting,ortheirowntimereading,aninappropriateproposal.Proposalstothelong‐rangeBAAprogramsmaybesubmittedatanytime,butlatespringiswhenmanytentativedecisionsarebeingmadefornewstartsinthecomingfiscalyear(whichstarts1Oct).ThereisnostandardDODproposalformat;eachagency/officehasitsownrequirements.GuidestointeractingwiththeprogramofficersandpreparingproposalsareintheMAPSwebsite,Tabs2‐4.SpecialProgramAnnouncementsDuringtheyear,DODagenciescanannouncespecialprogramopportunities;DARPA,DTRAandCDMRP,inparticular,usethisapproachpredominantly.Theseopportunitiesrangefromlarge,centerefforts[e.g.,UniversityAffiliatedResearchCenters(UARCs),CollaborativeTechnologyAlliances(CTA),andCentersofExcellence(CoE)]tosingleinvestigatorprograms[e.g.,DARPA/DTRA/CDMRPtopicsolicitations,andONR’sBasicResearchChallenges].Theseopportunitiescanbefoundbymonitoring:1)thefundingagencysites,2)the“grants.gov”websiteand/or3)the“defenseinnovationmarketplace.mil”website.TheDCOfficeofRes.AdvancementdoesthisandprovidesalertstopertinentUSCinvestigators.

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YoungInvestigatorsEachofthethreeservices,DTRA,andDARPAhasspecialannouncementsforyoungfacultyprograms(exceptAROwhereitispartofthegenericBAA).TheeligibilitytypicallyiswithinfiveyearsofPh.D.orequivalentdegree,butDARPAandONRarefiveyearsfrominitialtenure‐trackappointment.USCitizenshipor“greencard”statusisrequiredbytheServices,butnotbyDARPAandDTRA.Theavailablefundingrangesfrom$50K/yr(Army)to$250K/yr(DARPA).Submissiondeadlinesvary.Formoreinformation,seeMAPSDODCharts156‐161;alistingofpriorawardeesandtheirresearchtopicsisavailablefromtheDCoffice.SeniorInvestigators‐NationalSecurityScienceandEngineeringFacultyFellowshiphttp://www.acq.osd.mil/rd/basic_research/program_info/nsseff.htmlThisisaspecialprogramtosupportoutstandingfacultyintopics‐of‐interesttoDOD;itiscompetedintermittentlyasfundingallows.Awardeesaregenerally~20yearspostyearofPhDandhaveimpressivecredentials.AnNSSEFFawardeereceives~$600K/yrforfiveyears.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODChart165;alistingofthepriorawardees/topicsisavailablefromtheDCoffice.MultidisciplinaryEfforts–MultidisciplinaryUniversityResearchInitiatives(MURIs)http://www.onr.navy.mil/en/Science‐Technology/Directorates/office‐research‐discovery‐invention/Sponsored‐Research/University‐Research‐Initiatives/MURI.aspxAspartofDOD’sUniversityResearchInitiativebudgetline,themultidisciplinaryuniversityresearchinitiative(MURI)programhastopicsannouncedintheJul–Septtimeframeeachyear,withwhitepapersdueaboutamonthlater,andproposalsaboutthreemonthslater.Theserequiremultidisciplinaryteamingefforts;thefundingisupto$2.5M/yrforfiveyears(presumingacceptableperformance).Successfulproposalshavetypicallyengaged3‐5Universities,butsingleUniversityeffortscanbesuccessful.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODCharts129‐133;alistingofpriorawardees/topicsisavailablefromtheDCoffice.UniversityCentersofExcellence(COE)BoththeArmyandNavysupportUniversityAffiliatedResearchCenters(UARCs)that,inadditiontobasicresearch,alsoaddressappliedresearchanddevelopment(seeMAPSDODChart155).TheArmyalsohasUniversityCOE,CollaborativeTechnologyAlliances(CTA),andCollaborativeResearchAlliances(CRA)thatengageUniversities.TheAirForcesupportsUniversityCentersofExcellence(~5yrlifetime)thatareassociatedwithspecificAirForceResearchLaboratorytechnicaldirectorates.(seeMAPSDODChart178)HumanSocial,Cultural,andBehavioralModeling(HSCB)http://minerva.dtic.mil/InadditiontoServicecoreHSCBprograms,theOfficeoftheSecretaryofDefense(OSD)fundsS&Tprogramstoaddressunderstandingandmodelingofhumanbehaviorinsocialandculturalcontexts.ThebasicresearchcomponentisentitledtheMinervaInitiative(seeMAPSDODChart128);itispresentlyadministeredbyONR.

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MedicalCongressionallyDirectedMedicalResearchProgram(CDMRP) http://cdmrp.army.mil.CongresstypicallyaddsfundstotheDODbudgetforsupportofmedicalbasicresearch;thesetotal~$0.5‐1B/yrinrecentyears.Eachyearthefundsareinsertedbyacongresspersonforspecifictopicsforthatyearonly.ThosetopicsareopenlycompetedthroughtheCongressionallyDirectedMedicalResearchProgram(CDMRP)solicitations.TheArmy’sMedicalResearchandMaterielCommandmanagestheCDMRPwithacontractor(presentlySAIC)providingtheadministrativefunctions.Sincethereisnocertaintyofcontinuedfunding,therearenoprogramofficersperse.FormoreinformationontheCDMRP,seeMAPSDODCharts141‐152and/orvisittheCDMRPwebsite(whichisveryinformative).AgencyDODhasarelativelysmallextramuraleffortinmedicalbasicresearch.In2010theDODestablishedajointprogram,theDefenseMedicalResearchandDevelopmentProgram(DMRDP)with6.1‐6.3funding(seeMAPSDODCharts134‐140).TheArmyMedicalResearchandMaterielCommand(USAMRMC)issuesagenericBAAforbasicresearch,butgenerallywithoutmuchavailablemoney.Inaddition,USAMRMCmanagestheArmedForcesInstituteofRegenerativeMedicine(AFIRM),whichfundsUniversity‐basedconsortia(seeDODChart55).DARPAhasaBasicOperationalMedicalScience(6.1)effort(seeMAPSDODCharts87‐89).ONRhasaBiologicalandBiomedicalDivisionwithinterestinselectedmedicaltopics(seeMAPSDODChart69).Instrumentationhttp://www.onr.navy.mil/en/Science‐Technology/Directorates/office‐research‐discovery‐invention/Sponsored‐Research/University‐Research‐Initiatives/DURIP.aspxAspartoftheUniversityResearchInitiative(URI)budgetline,theDefenseUniversityResearchInstrumentationProgram(DURIP)iscompetedeachsummer.Theawardsrangefrom$50Kto$1.5M;matchingfundsarenotrequired,butareveryusefulforthehighpricedinstruments.Whileanyonemaysubmit,thereisastrongpreferenceforinstrumentationinsupportoffundedDODresearchefforts.Formoreinformation,seeMAPSDODCharts129‐133.AROalsohasitsownresearchinstrumentationprogram(seeMAPSDODChart51).Education/Training/SabbaticalsInadditiontofundingresearchitself,thereareDODprogramsinsupportofPhDeducation(theNationalDefenseScienceandEngineeringGraduate(NDSEG)program‐http://ndseg.asee.org/),andUndergraduate/graduateeducation(theNationalDefenseEducationProgram(NDEP‐http://www.ndep.us/).EachoftheServicesalsohasaSTEMeducationeffort.TheDODresearchlaboratoriesfundpostdoctoralpositionsthroughtheNationalResearchCouncil(NRC),theAmericanSocietyforEngineeringEducation(ASEE),andtheOakRidgeAssociatedUniversities(ORAU)programs.InadditiontherearemanyprogramstosupportfacultyworkingatthevariousDODlaboratories.FormoreinformationontheseprogramsseeMAPSDODCharts170‐171).

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ResourcesDefense‐widecentralresourcewebsite:defenseinnovationmarketplace.milOfficeoftheSecretaryofDefense(OSD)BasicResearchwebite:http://www.acq.osd.mil/rd/basic_research/MissionAgencyProgramSummaries(MAPS)TheDCOfficeofResearchAdvancementhascreatedtheFederalMissionAgencyProgramSummarieswebsiteto:

1. connectPIswithappropriatefundingagencyprograms/programofficers2. assistindevelopmentofwhitepapers/charts/elevatorspeeches

Thewebsite(http://web‐app.usc.edu/web/ra_maps)canbeaccessedusingone’sUSCNetIDandPassword.MAPSwillhavethefollowingresources:1.SearchTabforasearchabledatabaseofprograms/programofficers

Onecandokeywordsearchestolocatemanyoftheassociatedmissionagency(DHS,DOD,DOE,DOT,ED,EPA,NASA,NIST,NOAAandUSDA)programsandprogramofficers.

2.MissionAgencyTab(DHS,DHHS,DOD,DOE,DOJ,DOT,ED,EPA,INTEL,NASA,NIST,NOAA,and USDA) GuidetoAgencyFundingforFYXX AgencyResearchProgramCharts AgencyPlanningDocumentsChartnumbersinthe“GuidestoFunding”referencetheAgencyResearchProgramChartfile.3.PresentationTabforchartsfromrecentUSCCenterofExcellenceinResearchworkshops4.ProposalTabforreports/guidesonwritingproposals5.EmailAlertsTabforURLsatwhichonecanarrangeforautomaticsolicitationupdates6.GranteeTabforURLsatwhichonecanfindpreviousagency/programofficerawardees7.VisitingDCTabforinformationaboutDCOfficeservicesPersonalAssistanceinLocatingFundingandPreparingProposalsDr.JamesS.Murday DCOfficeofResearchAdvancementTel:2028245863 Email:[email protected]

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Table1:FY2011andFY2013DODResearchFunding($M)ObligationsatUniversities/Colleges

2011 2013

Basic Applied Basic Applied

Total for DOD 1885 4710 2092 4677

Total at Universities 1084 665 1221 554

Physical Sciences 261 36 260 38Astronomy 0 - Chemistry 78 6 Physics 152 19 Other 30 11

Environmental Sciences 87 23 92 22Atmospheric 11 3 Geological 6 - Oceanology 66 18 Other 3 2

Mathematics and Computer 181 84 190 76

Computer Sciences 88 72 Mathematics 59 11 Other 35 1

Engineering 383 314 447 263Aeronautical 41 15 Astronautical 0 7 Chemical 16 11 Civil 2 8 Electrical 113 94 Mechanical 43 19 Metal/Materials 53 29 Other 115 131

Life Sciences 121 191 166 136Agriculture 0 3 Biological 55 21 Environmental 3 5 Medical 44 161 Other 20 2

Psychological 12 7 20 2Social Sciences 27 7 28 19Other Sciences 11 3 17 8

FromNSF“FederalFundsforResearchandDevelopment:FY2011‐2013”NSF14‐312,July2014Basic 2011 Tables30,77and80‐86AppliedResearch 2011 Tables44,88and91‐97Basic 2013 Table32and79AppliedResearch 2013 Table46and90

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Table2:ProjectedDODBasicResearchFunding($M)forFY2016:FromthePresident’sBudgetRequestSubmittedtoCongress.

ThereportedArmyfundingbydisciplinereflectsonlytheARObudgetavailableforUniversitysingleinvestigatorproposalsubmission(budgetlineitemHR57),notthetotalArmybasicresearchfunding;fromadifferentbasicresearchbudgetlinetheArmyalsofundsUniversityCentersthroughspecialcompetitions.FortheNavy,about25%ofthereportedtotalbasicresearchfundingisprovidedtotheNavalResearchLaboratory.FortheAirForce,about30%isprovidedtotheAFResearchLaboratories.Sincetheprojectedbudgetsinthetableareparseddifferentlythanmostoftheorganization’sprogramtaxonomies,clearassignmentoffundsbyacademictaxonomiesisnotalwayspossible.TheTableshouldbeconsideredabestestimate.Insomecasestheamountoffundinginadisciplineisincludedunderotherheadingsandistherebyunknown;physicsandchemistryatONRandDARPAaregoodexamples.

Discipline / Agency Army AF Navy DARPA DTRA CBDP DMRDP OSD

Biology / Life Sciences 10 6Human Systems 17Biology / Medical 18

Chemistry 10Propulsion 38

Physics 16 34Electronics/Photonics 11 44 47 40Materials 7 64 58 70Mechanics 7

Mechanics StructuralMechanics Fluid 31

EnvironmentOcean 81Atmosphere and Space 25Environmental Science 2

Computer, Information Sciences, Mathematics 46 132Mathematics 6 29Computing Sciences 8 17Information Sciences 20Networks 9 28Simulation and Training 2

Cyber 54Air/Ground/Sea Vehicles 57Weapons 18Counter IED Devices 17Science Education Career and Outreach 24 48Transformative / Basic Research Challenge 21 30

Chemical/Biological Warfare Defense 46Weapons of Mass Destruction Defeat 38Hi-Energy Laser Multidisciplinary Res Initiative 14Multidisciplinary Univ Research Initiatives 53 79 85Defense Univ Instrumentation Program 12 16 23National Defense S & E Graduate Program 47National Defense Educ Program (NDEP) 50Social / Cultural / Human - MINERVA, HSCB 3 10National Security S&E Faculty Fellow (NSSEFF) 35Basic Operational Medical (in Defense Health) 7

Total 155 484 559 333 38 46 7 94

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Table3:SummaryofBasicResearchFunding(TakenfromthePresident’sBudgetRequeststoCongress)

Service Actual*

FY14Estimate*FY15

PBRFY15

PBRFY16

%incPRB

FY16‐15AirForce BasicResearch 511 551 454 485 7 DefenseResSciences 364 390 315 330 Army BasicResearch 425 460 424 425 ‐ DefenseResSciences 217 248 238 239 ARO(H57) 78 81 81 87 7 ICT(J08) 7.8 7.5 7.5 6.1 ‐20Navy BasicResearch 604 650 576 587 2 DefenseResSciences 477 497 444 452 DARPA BasicResearch 293 332 362 333 ‐8 BasicOperational

MedicalResScience48 61 50 57 14

DTRA BasicResearch 45 38 38 38 ‐CBDP BasicResearch 51 48 51 46 ‐10 OSD NDEP 73 58 45 49 9 MINERVA(0601110D8Z) 9.2 9.4 8.9 9.5 7DHP GDF‐BasicOperational

MedResSciences(0601117HP–371A)

5.8 7.5 7.5 7.4 ‐

*TheFY14‐15numbersmayincludeCongressionalchangesandCongressionalspecialadds(CA,sometimeslabeledCongressionalSpecialInterest,CSI)whichdonotappearinthePresident’sBudgetRequest(PBR).NotethatCongressaddedfundstotheServiceresearchaccountsin2015,morethanrestoringtheproposedreductionsinthePresidentialBudgetrequest.Whilethe2016PBRnumbersgrowoverthe2015PBR,itremainstobeseenifCongresswillagainincreasethoseaccounts.Ifnot,thenAFOSRandONRwillexperiencesignificantreductionsin2016comparedto2015,EachoftheServiceshasastrategicS&Tplanwhichprovidesguidanceintopriorities;thesecanfoundattheUSCMAPSDODwebsite.InadditiontotheopportunitieselaboratedinAppendix1,approximately20%oftheprojectsinaDODbasicresearchprogramareturnedovereachyear.Sothereareopportunitiesinmanyprogramsevenintheabsenceofbudgetgrowthormodestdecline.

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AppliedResearchandAdvancedTechnologyDevelopmentDODdefinesappliedresearch(6.2orBA2)assystematicstudytogainknowledgeorunderstandingnecessarytodeterminethemeansbywhicharecognizedandspecificneedmaybemet.Advancedtechnologydevelopment(6.3orBA3)includesalleffortsthathavemovedintothedevelopmentandintegrationofhardwareforfieldexperimentsandtests.Fundingopportunitiesforappliedresearch(6.2)andadvancedtechnologydevelopment(6.3)aredistributedamongmanyDODorganizations,eachhavingitsownparticularfocus:Organizationsmanaginga6.1‐6.3investmentportfolio OfficeofNavalResearch(ONR,NavalincludestheNavyandMarineCorps)

http://www.onr.navy.mil/Science‐Technology/Directorates/Transition/Focus:develop/transitioncutting‐edgetechnologyproductstoNavalacquisitionmanagers DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA)

www.darpa.milFocus:defense‐widetechnologyinnovation DefenseThreatReductionAgency(DTRA)

http://www.dtra.mil/Research.aspxFocus:counteringweaponsofmassdestruction–chem,bio,radiological,nuclear,explosiveOtherS&Torganizations(w/obasicresearch) DefenseForensicsandBiometricsAgency(DFBA)

http://biometrics.dod.mil/Focus:forensicsandbiometricsactivitiesandoperationsinsupportofidentityoperations DefenseLogisticsAgency(DLA)

http://www.dla.mil/Pages/default.aspxFocus:supporttheweaponsystemsustainmentprogram MissileDefenseAgency(MDA)

http://www.mda.mil/business/advanced_research.htmlFocus:system to defend against ballistic missile attacks SpecialOperationsCommand(SOCOM)

http://www.socom.mil/Sordac/Pages/Default.aspxFocus:development,acquisition,andfieldingofcriticalitemstoenabletheSOFWarfighter StrategicEnvironmentalResearchandDevelopmentProgram(SERDP)EnvironmentalSecurityTechnologyCertificationProgram(ESTCP)

https://www.serdp‐estcp.org/Focus:developanddemonstrateinnovative,cost‐effective,andsustainablesolutions

ServiceResearchLaboratories/Centers ArmyResearchLaboratory(ARL,mostly6.1and6.2)

http://www.arl.army.mil/www/default.cfm?page=8Focus: ComputationalandInformationSciences HumanResearchandEngineering SensorsandElectronDevices Survivability/LethalityAnalysis VehicleTechnology WeaponsandMaterialsResearch

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ArmyResearchandDevelopmentCommands(RDECOM,mostly6.2‐6.4)http://www.army.mil/info/organization/unitsandcommands/commandstructure/rdecom/

Focus: EdgewoodChemicalBiologicalCenter(ECBC) SoldierResearchDevelopmentandEngineeringCenter(NSRDEC) Communication‐ElectronicsRDECenter(CERDEC) Aviation&MissileRDECenter(AMRDEC) Tank‐AutomotiveRDECenter(TARDEC) ArmamentRDECenter(ARDEC) ArmyCorpsofEngineers,EngineeringResearchandDevelopmentCenter(ERDC)http://www.usace.army.mil/Missions/ResearchandDevelopment.aspxFocus:solvenation’sproblemsingeospatialsciences,waterresources,andenvironmental ArmyMedicalResearchandMaterielCommand(AMRMC)

https://mrmc.amedd.army.mil/Focus:medicalresearch,development,andacquisitionandmedicallogisticsmanagement AirForceResearchLaboratories(AFRL)

http://www.wpafb.af.mil/afrlFocus: AerospaceSystems(RQ) Sensors(RY) MaterialsandManufacturing(RX) Munitions(RW) DirectedEnergy(RD) SpaceVehicles(RV) Information(RI) HumanEffectiveness(711HPC) NavalWarfareCentersFocus: NavalSurfaceWarfareCenters(NSWC) http://www.navsea.navy.mil/nswc/default.aspx NavalAirWarfareCenters(NAWC) www.navair.navy.mil/nawcwd Weapons www.navair.navy.mil/NAWCAD Aircraft www.navair.navy.mil/nawctsd TrainingSystems NavalUnderseaWarfareCenters(NUSC) http://www.navsea.navy.mil/nuwc/default.aspx Space&NavalWarfareSysCtr(SPAWAR) http://www.public.navy.mil/spawar/Pages/default.aspx NavyMedicalResearchCenter

http://www.med.navy.mil/sites/nmrc/Pages/ott_main.htmFocus:battlefieldmedicalproblemsandnaturallyoccurringinfectiousdiseases NavalPostgraduateSchool

http://www.nps.edu/Research/rspa.htmlFocus:researchanduniqueresearchlaboratoryfacilitiestosupportFleetandOPNAVneeds.

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TechnologyTransition ManTech

https://www.dodmantech.com/Focus:responsive,world‐classmanufacturingcapabilitytoaffordablymeetwarfightersneeds SmallBusinessInnovativeResearch(SBIRandSTTR)

http://www.acq.osd.mil/osbp/sbir/about/Focus:cooperativeresearchanddevelopmentprojectswithsmallbusinesses RapidInnovationFund(RIF)

http://www.acq.osd.mil/osbp/sb/opportunities.shtmlFocus:transitiontechnologies,mostlysmallbusiness,resolvingDODoperationalchallengesFormoreinformationontheseactivities,seeMAPSDODCharts175‐206.OfficeofNavalResearch(ONR)http://www.onr.navy.mil/Science‐Technology/Directorates/Transition/Future‐Naval‐Capabilities‐FNC.aspxInadditiontoitsDiscoveryandInventionprogram(mostofthe6.1andabouthalfofthe6.2),ONRhasaFutureNavalCapabilities(FNC)programthatinvestsabouthalfoftheNaval6.2andmostofthe6.3moniesinthefollowingareas:

CapableManpower:IntuitivesystemsandpersonneltoolsformatchingSailorsandMarinestotherightjobsandtrainingformission‐essentialcompetencies

EnterpriseandPlatformEnablers:Cross‐cuttingtechnologiestoloweracquisition,operations,andmaintenancecosts

ExpeditionaryManeuverWarfare:Navalgroundforceswithspecialemphasisonregularandirregularwarfare

ForceHealthProtection:Medicalequipment,suppliesandprocedurestoreducemorbidityandmortalitywhencasualtiesoccur

FORCEnet:C4ISR,networking,navigation,decisionsupportandspacetechnologiesthatprovideanarchitecturalframeworkfornavalwarfareintheinformationage

PowerandEnergy:Energysecurity,efficientpowerandenergysystems,highenergy,pulsepower

SeaBasing:Logistics,shippingandat‐seatransfertechnologiesthatprovideoperationalindependence

SeaShield:Missiledefense,antisubmarinewarfare,minewarfareandfleet/forceprotectiontechnologiesthatprovideglobaldefensiveassurance

SeaStrike:Weapons,aircraftandexpeditionarywarfaretechnologiesthatprovidepreciseandpersistentoffensivepower

ONRalsohasaInnovativeNavalPrototypesprogram(INP)thatexploreshigh6.2and6.3technologiesthatcandramaticallychangethewaynavalforcesfight.Programsinthiscategorymaybedisruptivetechnologies,whichforreasonsofhighriskorradicaldeparturefromestablishedrequirementsandconceptsofoperation,areunlikelytosurvivewithouttopleadershipendorsement,and,unlikeFutureNavalCapabilities,areinitiallytoohighriskforafirmtransitioncommitmentfromtheacquisitioncommunity.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODCharts201‐202)DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA)http://www.darpa.mil/default.aspxDARPAinvests6.1‐6.3moniesthroughsixoffices:DefenseSciences,BiologicalTechnologies,InformationInnovation,MicrosystemsTechnology,StrategicTechnologies,andTactical

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Technologies.Whilealloftheofficeshavethisrangeoffunding,DSOhasthemostemphasisonbasicresearchandSTO/TTOthemostemphasisonadvancedtechnologydevelopment.DARPAtypicallyissuessolicitationsforlargerscale,multi‐participanteffortsthatareheldtomilestonesandmustdeliveraprototypeinathree‐yeartimeframe.Thesolicitationsarefrequentlyprecededbyaproposerdaywhereinterestedpartiescangainmoreinformationontheeffort,and/orbyRequestsforInformation(RFI)thatareusedtoshapeapendingsolicitation.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODCharts207‐213.DefenseThreatReductionAgency(DTRA)http://www.dtra.mil/Research.aspxDTRAisthecombatsupportagencyforcounteringweaponsofmassdestruction.Itaddressestheentirespectrumofchemical,biological,radiological,nuclearandhighyieldexplosivethreats.DTRA’sprogramsincluderesearchanddevelopment,operationalsupporttoU.S.warfightersonthefrontline,andanin‐houseweapons‐of‐mass‐destructionthinktankthataimstoanticipateandmitigatefuturethreats.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODCharts214‐222)DefenseForensicsandBiometricsAgency(DFBA)http://biometrics.dod.mil/About/mission.aspxBiometricsandforensicsarecriticaltoidentifyingknownandunknownindividualsbymatchingthemwithautomatedrecords(suchasforaccesscontrol)orwithanonymoussamples(suchascrimesceneinvestigations).Thisagencyisresponsibleforapplyingbiometricsandforensicscapabilitiesthroughvarioustactics,techniquesandprocesses.IthasagenericBAAforresearchaddressingitsneeds.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODChart223.DefenseLogisticsAgency(DLA)http://www.dla.mil/SmallBusiness/Pages/default.aspxTheDefenseLogisticsAgency(DLA)LogisticsResearch&Development(R&D)BranchischargedwithconductingresearchanddevelopmentinallareasrelevanttotheDLAmissionandacrossallDLAsupplychains.WhitepaperssubmittedtoDLAmaybebasedonfundamentalR&D;conceptformulation;assessmentofsystemandsubsystemrequirementsandprocesses;development,analysisandevaluationofconcepts,systemsandsubsystems;developmentofassociatedindustrialcapabilitiessupporttechniquesandprocesses;developmentofassociatedmanufacturingtechniquesandprocesses;modelingandsimulation;simulation‐basedacquisition;integrateddataenvironmentsandproductdatamanagers;anddevelopmentofoperationalsystems.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODChart224.MissileDefenseAgency(MDA)http://www.mda.mil/business/advanced_research.htmlTheBallisticMissileDefenseSystem(BMDS)includesoperationalelementsforsensing,monitoring,andinterceptingballisticmissilesduringallthreephasesofflight;boost,mid‐course,andterminal.BMDSelementsincludeanetworkofspace,ground,andseabasedsensorsfordetectingandtrackingthreatmissiles;interceptormissileslaunchedfromsilos,trucksandships;andtoolsforcommandandcontrol.TheBMDSmusthavetheabilitytodetect,track,identifyandkillballisticmissiles.TheMDAhasaUniversityResearchProgramforadvancingandsolvingcomplextechnologicalproblems,ultimatelycontributingtoenhancingamorerobustBallisticMissileDefenseSystem;theseeffortsareadvancedresearch.FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODChart225.

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USArmyCorpsofEngineersEngineeringResearchandDevelopmentCenter(ERDC)http://www.erdc.usace.army.mil/About/MissionandVision.aspxTheU.S.ArmyCorpsofEngineers'(USACE)EngineerResearchandDevelopmentCenter(ERDC)helpssolveourNation’smostchallengingproblemsincivilandmilitaryengineering,geospatialsciences,waterresources,andenvironmentalsciences.ERDCR&DfocusesonfiveprimarytechnicalareastosupporttheArmyandtheCorps:

WarfighterSupport–geospatialinformation;systemdevelopment;operationalsupport;forceprotection;andforceprojectionandsustainment

Installations–transformation;operations;andenvironmentalissues Environment–remediationandrestoration;landplanning,stewardshipandmanagement;

threatenedandendangeredspecies;andculturalresources WaterResources–infrastructure,waterresources,environmentalissues,andnavigation;

andfloodcontrolandstormdamagereduction InformationTechnology–informatics;geospatialtechnologies;computationalservices;

high‐performancecomputingapplicationsFormoreinformationseeMAPSDODChart52.SpecialOperationsCommand(SOCOM) http://www.socom.mil/Sordac/Pages/Default.aspxSOCOMhasalong‐termgoaltodeveloptechnologiestomeetSpecialOperationsForces(SOF)missionrequirements.TheintentistoacceleratethedeliveryoftheseinnovativecapabilitiestotheSOFwarfighter.Priorstudiesandanalyseshavedeterminedtechnicalchallengestobe:1)tradespacebetweenweight,protection,power,andmobility;2)cost;and3)systemcomponentintegration.SOCOM is interested in receiving white papers from all responsible sources fromindustry, academia, individuals, and Government laboratories capable of providingexperiments and tests, feasibility studies, modeling and simulation, design, construction,and testing of SOF-related technologies. For more information see MAPS DOD Chart 226.SERPDandESTCP‐EnvironmentalProtectionhttps://www.serdp‐estcp.org/TheDODprovidessupportforenvironmentaleffortsthroughtheStrategicEnvironmentalResearchandDevelopmentProgram(SERDP).Itisa6.3(advanceddevelopment)budgetline,butdoesfund6.1or6.2work,ifthecircumstancesareright.InadditiontheDODhastheEnvironmentalSecurityTechnologyCertificationProgram(ESTCP)thatidentifiesanddemonstratesthemostpromisinginnovativeandcost‐effectivetechnologiesandmethodsthataddressDOD’shigh‐priorityenvironmentalrequirements.(seeMAPSDODCharts227‐228)DODLaboratories,Centers,andSchoolsTheDODhasanextensiveintramuralresearchprogramdistributedamongvariouslaboratoriesandcenters(seeaboveandMAPSDODCharts175‐206formoredetail).ThoseentitiesdohavesomeopportunitiestofundUniversity‐basedefforts,usually(butnotalways)involvingappliedresearch.GenericBAAsarepublishedtoannouncetheareasofinterest,butcontactingtheinstitutionpriortosubmittingawhitepaper/proposalisagoodideasincetheremaybenointerestinyourideasornofundingavailable.EspeciallyforAFRL,therearealsoBAAsaddressingspecifictopics.AdvancedManufacturingSmallBusinessInnovativeResearch(SBIRandSTTR)http://www.acq.osd.mil/osbp/sbir/about/

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TheSBIR/STTRProgramsarestructuredinthreephases.PhaseI(projectfeasibility)determinesthescientific,technicalandcommercialmeritandfeasibilityoftheideassubmitted.PhaseII(projectdevelopmenttoprototype)isthemajorresearchanddevelopmenteffort,fundingtheprototypinganddemonstrationofthemostpromisingPhaseIprojects.PhaseIII(commercialization)istheultimategoalofeachSBIR/STTReffortandstatuterequiresthatPhaseIIIworkbefundedbysourcesoutsidetheSBIR/STTRProgram.(seeMAPSDODCharts230‐236)RapidInnovationFund(RIF)http://www.acq.osd.mil/osbp/sb/opportunities.shtmlTheRapidInnovationFundprovidesacollaborativemechanismforsmallbusinessestoprovideDODwithinnovativetechnologiesthatcanberapidlyinsertedintoacquisitionprogramsthatmeetspecificdefenseneeds.TheRIFisadministeredbytheOfficeoftheSecretaryofDefense(OSD)AssistantSecretaryofDefenseforResearchandEngineering(ASDR&E)andOfficeofSmallBusinessPrograms(OSBP).TheRIFcanbeasourceoftheSBIR/STTRPhaseIIIfunding.(seeMAPSDODChart237)Mantechhttps://www.dodmantech.com/AllManTechprojectsandinitiativesareselectedandexecutedthroughtheServiceandAgencyManTechPrograms.TheArmyexecutesprimarilythroughArmyResearch,DevelopmentandEngineeringCentersandArmyLaboratories;theNavyManTechProgramreliesalmostexclusivelyonCentersofExcellence;theAirForcepartnerswithindustry,othergovernmentagencies,andacademia;DLAusesmulti‐contractor,5yearcompetitivecontracts;andtheOSD’sDefenseManufacturingS&TProgramisexecutedthroughtheAirForceprimarilyusingBroadAreaAnnouncements.(seeMAPSDODCharts238) NNMIhttp://www.manufacturing.gov/nnmi.htmlTheNationalNetworkforManufacturingInnovation(NNMI)consistsoflinkedInstitutesforManufacturingInnovation(IMIs)withcommongoals,butuniqueconcentrations.InanIMI,industry,academia,andgovernmentpartnersleverageexistingresources,collaborate,andco‐investtonurturemanufacturinginnovationandacceleratecommercialization.TypicallyanIMIhas~$70‐100MFederalmoniesoverfiveyears,witharequirementofatleastanequivalentamountofmatchingfunds.TheIMIshavesomelimitedfundsavailableforUniversityresearch.DODhasreallocatedfiscalresourcestobeginfiveIMIs.FY2013:

(a) NationalAdditiveManufacturingInnovationInst(NAMII,nownamedAmericaMakes)FY2014:

(a) DigitalManufacturingandDesignInnovation(DMDI)(b) LightweightandModernMetalsManufacturingInnovation(LM3I,nownamed

LightweightInnovationsforTomorrow)FY2015:

(a) IntegratedPhotonics(b) FlexibleHybridElectronics.

FormoreinformationseeMAPSDODChart239

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Table4:SummaryofAppliedResearchFunding(TakenfromthePresident’sBudgetRequeststoCongress)

Service Actual*

FY14Estimate*FY15

PBRFY15

PBRFY16

%incPRB

FY16‐15AirForce 1124 1100 1081 1217 12Army 931 981 863 880 2Navy 844 870 821 865 5DARPA Biomedical 121 115 112 114 1 Information&Comms 371 324 334 356 7 BioWarfareDefense 26 44 45 30 ‐25 Tactical 218 300 305 315 3 MaterialsandBioTech 159 150 160 220 40 ElectronicsTech 222 269 179 175 ‐2DTRA 152 151 152 155 2CBDP 195 226 226 208 ‐8 OSD CyberSecurity 12 15 15 14 ‐9DHP AppliedBiomedical 60 73 74 58 ‐22*TheFY14‐15numbersmayincludeCongressionalchangesandCongressionalspecialadds(CA,sometimeslabeledCongressionalSpecialInterest,CSI)whichdonotappearinthePresident’sBudgetRequest(PBR).

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Appendix1:FY2016BasicResearchProgramSignificantChangesArmyResearchOffice(ARO)LifeSciences from$7.8MinFY2015to$9.8MIncreaseinfundingandnewdirectionsidentified

Researchanddesignneuro‐cognitivecomputationalmodelsthatdetectasingle‐soundsource(amongstmultipleaudiblestimuli)todeterminewhetheritispossibletolinkbraindatatothesegregated/isolatedsoundsourcesfromnoisyenvironments(mayleadtonewapplicationsforeffectiveauditoryprostheses,automaticspeechrecognition,andothertoolsforenhancedSoldierauditorysituationalawarenessindistractingenvironments);

Screenanalogsofcellularcyclicdiguanylatetoidentifyandcharacterizeakeypotentialpathwaythatmediatestheformationofbacterialpersistercells,auniquestatethatisknowntoandotherinfluencestohumanactions,and

Auditoryandsignalprocessingresearchtomapthecognitiveimplicationsofmultisensoryinformationintegration.

Physics from$13.6MinFY2015to$16.3MIncreaseinfundingandnewdirectionsidentified

Developnewimagingmethodssuchasnon‐linearopticalspectroscopiesfordetectingspin‐orbitcouplinginadvancedmaterials(mayleadtonewelectronictechnologiesforsensorsandcomputationalhardware);

Investigatenovelphoton‐photoninteractionsinastrongly‐interactingcoldatomicgas(mayenablethefirstobservationofthecrystallizationofagasofstronglyinteractingphotons,andinthelongterm,mayleadtoimprovementsincomputation,measurement,andsensing);

Developrobusttechniquesforquantumsensingandmeasurementtoovercomethefragilityofquantuminformationduetounwantedenvironmentalinteractions(mayprovideunprecedentedcomputationandcommunicationcapabilities);and

Characterizetheuniqueelectrondynamicsofaparticularclassofmagneticmaterialsknownasferroplasmonsanddeveloptheoriestoeffectivelymodelthisbehavior(mayleadtolighterandsmallerelectroniccomponents).

OfficeofNavalResearchCounterImprovisedExplosiveDeviceSciences from$14.6MinFY2015to$16.5MIncreaseinfundingandnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiateresearchintotheimprovedbiomechanicsandphysiologyofdetectiondogsforuseinthedetectionofexplosivehazards.

‐ Initiateresearcheffortstoproducetheknowledgeandunderstandingnecessarytodetectandlocateasymmetricexplosivethreatsandtheircomponentsbyexploringcombinationoftheiruniquepassiveandactivecharacteristicresponsesatsafestand‐offdistancesfromvariousexpeditionaryplatforms.

‐ Initiateresearcheffortstoexplorenewlightweightmultifunctionalmaterialdesignandtechniquestooptimizeexistingmaterialstoimproveprotectionfromdetonationeffects.

‐ Initiateresearcheffortstoneutralizeorpreventexplosivethreatswithorwithoutdirectknowledgeoftheirlocations.

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‐ Initiateresearcheffortstoprovideunderstandingofthehumanandsocialelementsandtheirrelationshipswithasymmetricexplosivethreatstopredictandpreventexplosiveevents.

Medical/Biological from$18.2MinFY2015to$18.2MNochangeinthetotalfunding,butsomenewdirectionsidentified

‐ InitiateresearchinpartnershipwiththeArmytostudyregenerativemedicine(ArmedForcesInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineII(AFIRMII)).

‐ Initiateresearchtoinvestigatenovelmechanismstomanagethemammaliancircadiansystemforoptimizedhealthandperformance.

‐ Initiateresearchtodevelopstrategiesfornervecellregeneration.OceanSciences from$79MinFY2015to$81MMinorincreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ InitiateresearchonextremecurrentsandhighlyvariableflowgeneratedbyflowencounteringabrupttopographyintheWesternPacific.

‐ InitiateresearchonthestructureandvariabilityoftheNorthernArabianSeacirculationusingautonomous,unmannedsamplingsystemsinordertoprovidecriticalbasicunderstanding.

‐ InitiategeoacousticinversionstudieswithanemphasisontheNewJerseyandArcticShelves.

Weapons from$17.9MinFY2015to$18.2MMinorincreaseinfunding,butonenewdirectionidentified

‐ Initiatehypersonicaerodynamics,aerothermodynamicsandhightemperaturematerialsresearchfocusedonchallengesresultingfromuniqueNavyplatformconstraints.

DARPACCS‐02MathandComputerSciencesBigMechanism from$16MinFY2015to$24M

‐ Demonstrateprototypetechnologiesinproductionmodebyidentifyingdrugtargetsanddrugsforoneormorespecificclassesofcancer.

‐ Demonstrateautomatedtestingofmachine‐generatedhypotheses.‐ Createnewmodesforvisualizingandexploringmodelsofhugescopethatintheir

entiretyexceedhumancognitivecapabilities.‐ Formulatestatisticalapproachesforuncoveringcausalrelationshipsinnumerical

data/timeseriesandcategoricaldata/symbolsequences.‐ Developandimplementscalablealgorithmsthatrevealcausalitynetworksinlarge,

complex,heterogeneousdatasets.MiningandUnderstandingSoftwareEnclaves from$8MinFY2015to$12M

‐ Implementscalabledatabasetechnologiesandminingalgorithmsthatallowtheingestionandanalysisoftensofmillionsoflinesofopen‐sourcesoftware.

‐ Integratemachine‐learningalgorithmsthatcandirectandassimilateminingactivitiesonanalysisartifactsstoredinthedatabase.

‐ Evaluatecomponent‐levelsynthesistechniquesthatautomaticallyconstructimplementationsofcomplexprotocolsfromdiscoveredspecifications.

‐ Identifykeychallengeproblemsinautomatedrepairandsecurityanalysis,alongwithnovelsolutionsthatdirectlyexploitthelatentsemanticcontentinthedatabase.

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BuildingResourceAdaptiveSoftwarefromSpecificationsfrom$2.5MinFY2015to$9.5M

‐ Integratespecificationswithinanoperationalenvironmenttomonitorresourcechangesandtriggersignalswhenresourceinvariantsareviolated.

‐ Developcompile‐timeandruntimetransformationsthatensuresurvivableoperationinthefaceofunexpectedenvironmentchanges.

‐ Buildvalidationtoolsthatcertifythattransformedapplicationssatisfyspecificationassumptionsinthecontextofnewoperatingenvironmentguarantees.

CYS‐01CyberSciencesTransparentComputing from$10MinFY2015to$15.4M

‐ Implementadaptivesecuritypolicyschemesinsoftwareprototypeswithflexibilityandscalabilitysuitableforuseondistributedsurveillancesystems,autonomoussystems,andenterpriseinformationsystems.

‐ Performinitialassessmentsofsecuritypolicyprototypesinsimulatedlaboratoryandcloudenvironments.

‐ Developandimplementbehavioralattestationtechniquesinsoftwareprototypesscalabletobigdataapplications.

‐ Developandimplementcausaldependencytrackingacrosssoftware/hardwareabstractionlayers.

ES‐01ElectronicSciencesNextGenerationAtomicClock from0inFY2015to$4.6M

‐ Developlow‐CSWaPapplication‐specificlaserdevices,opticalmodulators,shutters,andisolators.

‐ Demonstrateintegrationofapplication‐specificopticalcomponentsintorobustphotonicintegratedcircuits.

‐ DeveloptechniquesforalkalimetalvaporpressurecontroloverthefullDoDtemperaturerange.

‐ Developlow‐CSWaPultra‐highvacuumtechnologyoperatingwithoutperturbativemagneticfields.

‐ Demonstrateclockoperationwithintegratedenablingcomponentdevices.ElectronicGlobalization from0inFY2015to$3MTheElectronicGlobalizationprogramwillexaminevariousapproachesfortrustingcircuitsinanuntrustedenvironment.Itwilldeveloptheabilitiestodesigncircuitswithfunctionalitythatisbenigninanuntrustedenvironment.

‐ Definethevaluepropositionofferedbytheproposedmaterial,identifyingaspecificConceptsofOperations.

‐ Firstpassintrinsicphysics‐levelmodelingandsimulationofstructuresandmaterials.‐ Designofproof‐of‐concepttestsites.‐ Fabricatetestcouponsandcharacterizationofnewmorphologicalmaterialsand

structures.‐ Characterizationofexperimentalhardware.

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MS‐01MaterialsScienceNanoscale&EmergentEffectsandEngnDevices from$13MinFY2015to$20M

‐ Continuedevelopmentofmethodstostabilizeextendedsolidsatambienttemperaturesandpressures.

‐ Demonstratesynthesisandstabilitytoambienttemperatureandpressureofhighdensityextendedcarbonbasedmaterials(e.g.,clathrates,allotropes,andoxides)atthemultimilligramscale.

‐ Demonstratemethodstosynthesizebulkcubicboronnitrideatreducedpressurewithpuritiesof>50%.

‐ Refineandimplementdevelopmentofretrosyntheticpathwaysthataresyntheticallyachievableformultistepreactionschemestofabricateextendedsolidsatreducedpressuresbasedoncomputationalanalysisandstabilizationresults.

‐ Demonstratetheabilitytoassemblemicron‐scale,3D,multiplematerialstructuresfromnanoscalematerialconstructswhilepreservingdesirablenanoscalematerialproperties.

‐ Demonstratepickandplaceassemblyofcm‐scalematerialsfrommicron‐scaleconstructswhilepreservingdesirablenanoscalematerialproperties.

TRS‐01TransformativeSciencesApplyingBiologicalComplexityatScale from0inFY2015to$10MInvestigatedynamicsandthresholdsfortransgenestability/instabilityinsystemsofinfectiousdiseasevectors.

‐ Studymethodsforachievingtransientphenotypesininfectiousdiseasevectors.‐ Investigatepredictivedesignrulesandengineeringapproachesforintegratedbiosystems.‐ Investigatemicrobialcommunityevolutionandcommunicationasitappliestotheir

application(e.g.,microbiomeimpactsonhealthorcatabolism).MED‐01BasicOperationalMedicalScienceHarnessingBiologicalSystems from0inFY2015to$10M

‐ Investigatepredatoreffectivenessagainstpathogensofinterest.‐ Initiatebasicsciencestudiesoftherelevantunderlyingmechanismsofpredation.‐ Beginbasicsciencestudiestoenhanceunderstandingofbiologicaladaptabilityin

responsetoexternalpressures.‐ Identifyandunderstandfundamentalmechanismsthatcontrolthetransitionbetween

unicellularandmulticellularfunction.‐ Examinebiologicalbasisfornaturallyoccurringevolutionaryadvances.‐ Investigatenovelmethodstointegrateevolvedbiologicaltraits.‐ Researchbasicscienceprocessesbywhichbacteriagrowandspreadthroughouta

community.

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Appendix2:FY2016SelectedAppliedResearchProgramSignificantChangesNavyCommonPictureAppliedResearchAppdInformationSciencesForDecisionMaking from$23MinFY2015to$24MMinorincreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiateeffortsforreconstructingeventsfromaloosenetworkofheterogeneouscameras.‐ InitiateMaritimedomainawarenesstoolkitdevelopmentforsmallvesseltracking.‐ Initiatecyberinformationawarenessdecisiontoolsforhull,mechanicalandelectrical

securityforNavalvessels.‐ Initiatedevelopmentformethodsandtoolsforsemi‐/fully‐automatedsoftwaremodel

extractionandonlineprogramexecutionmonitoringtowardachievingadaptiveandresilientcomputingsystem.

WarfighterSustainmentAppliedResearchHumanFactorsAndOrganizationalDesign from$5.4MinFY2015to$5.1MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatedatacollectionactivityusingprototypepanoramiccameraaboardaseavessel.Initiatedresearchonintegratingautomatedimageprocessingtechnologiesonboardtheprototypepanoramiccamera.

‐ Initiatedevelopmentoftestbedsandtoolchainsforrapiddisasteranalysisandresponse.‐ InitiatedevelopmentofnovelinformationfeedsforPacificCommand.

MedicalTechnologies from$6.2MinFY2015to$5.8MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiateresearchintoimprovedcognitiveagilityfordiversanddivingsupervisors‐ InitiateresearchintodiverHumanSystemsIntegration(displaysandbiometric

monitoring)WarfighterSustainment TrainingTechnologies from$4.9MinFY2015to$4.6MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatedevelopmentofskilldecaymodelsforpsychomotor,perceptual,andcognitiveskillsandrefreshertrainingstrategies.

‐ Initiatedevelopmentofintelligentavatarstointeractwithlearnersfromdifferentcultural,linguisticbackgrounds,andpreferences.

‐ Initiatedevelopmentofscenariosgeneratorsthatproduceintegratedtraining(e.g.,individualandcollective)training.

ElectromagneticSystemsAppliedResearchElectronicWarfareTechnology from$64MinFY2015to$71MIncreaseduetoaddingnewINPElectromagneticManeuverWarfareCommand&Control(EMC2)EWEO/IRtechnologysubprogram

‐ InitiatethedevelopmentofSSDsleveragingmultibandEO/IRcomponentsandsub‐systemsfrompriorDoDinvestmentstodemonstrateadvancedESandEAcapabilitiescoveringabroadrangeofEO/IRwavelengthsinsupportofNavyandMarineCorpsmissionareas.

ElectromagneticManeuverWarfareCommand&Control(EMC2)subprogram

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‐ InitiateWidebandAirborneMultifunctionSystemdesign‐ InitiateLowRIDRSubSystembuild‐ InitiateElectromagneticWarfareCommandandControlsystemdesign

SolidStateElectronics from$9.6MinFY2015to$10MSolidStateTransistorsandDevicessubprogram

‐ Initiatedevelopmentofultra‐efficientmm‐wavetransistors.HighEfficiency,HighlyLinearAmplifierssubprogram

‐ Initiateresearchintoharmonicmm‐waveamplifiersOceanWarfightingEnvironmentAppliedResCoastalGeosciences/Optics from$6.6MinFY2015to$6.3MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatestudiestoreduceuncertaintiesindata‐assimilativelittoralmodelsindata‐sparseenvironments

‐ Initiateanalysisofhistoricremotesensingmodalitiestodeterminewhetherrobustclimatologiescanbedevelopedwhichprovideutilityforinitializationoflittoralgeosciencesforecastmodelsindata‐poorregions.

NationalOceanographicPartnershipProgram(NOPP) from$8.8MinFY2015to$8.3MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatemarinemammaltaggingasacomponentofthemarinearcticecosystemdynamicsstudy.

‐ InitiatedevelopmentofcoupledArcticSystemModelstosupportimprovedforecastingandpredictionofseaiceandotheroperationalparameters

‐ Initiateeffortstoseamlesslynesthigh‐resolutionregionaloceanmodelsintotide‐resolvingglobalHYCOMoceanforecasts

‐ Initiateprojecttounderstandtheroleoftheoceaninprovidingskillinextended‐rangepredictionsoftheenvironmentthroughsystematicmodelintercomparisons

OceanAcoustics from$3.5MinFY2015to$2.6MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatemarinemammaltaggingasacomponentofthemarinearcticecosystemdynamicsstudy.

‐ InitiatedevelopmentofcoupledArcticSystemModelstosupportimprovedforecastingandpredictionofseaiceandotheroperationalparameters

‐ Initiateeffortstoseamlesslynesthigh‐resolutionregionaloceanmodelsintotide‐resolvingglobalHYCOMoceanforecasts

‐ Initiateprojecttounderstandtheroleoftheoceaninprovidingskillinextended‐rangepredictionsoftheenvironmentthroughsystematicmodelinter‐comparisons

PhysicalOceanography from$10.7MinFY2015to$10.5MDecreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatemulti‐scalablevisualizationtoolsusingGPU's,tabletsandremotesensingdata.‐ InitiatetestingofAir‐DeployedOceanProfilerinresearchandfleettest.‐ Initiatedevelopmentofacoupledatmosphere‐ocean‐cryosphere‐wavepredictionsystem

capableofforecastsfromthesubmesoscaletodecadal.‐ InitiatedevelopmentofahighresolutionArcticice/ocean/weather/waveprediction

systemthatcanassimilateSARdata.

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‐ InitiateSyntheticApertureRadarDataAssimilationforTropicalStormForecasts‐ InitiateExpendableExpeditionaryDataFusionDevelopment

JointNon‐LethalWeaponsAppliedRes from$5.9MinFY2015to$6.1M

‐ Initiateevaluationofthesusceptibilityoftargetstocandidatevehicleandvesselstoppingdesigns.

UnderseaWarfareAppliedResAnti‐SubmarineWarfareDistributedSearch from$13.5MinFY2015to$21.4MFundingincreasefromFY2015toFY2016isdueto3newprogramsfundedinthisPE:TheVirtualAcousticSensingArray(VASA),ForwardDeployedEnergy&CommunicationsOutpost(FDECO)(FY16‐FY19)INP,andtheAntiSubmarineWarfareMissionPackages(ASWMP)(FY16‐FY20).

‐ InitiatedevelopmentofsignalandinformationprocessingalgorithmsforimprovedASWperformanceofhighdutycycleactivesonarsystems.

‐ InitiatetheForwardDeployedEnergy&CommunicationsOutpost(FDECO)InnovativeNavalPrototypeproject.

FutureNavalCapabilities(FNC)AppliedResearchThisFNCprojectsincludeannouncednewstartsinFY2016alongwiththeprogrammanager.1.CapableManpower(Cmp) from$8.3MinFY2015to$9.3MEC:CMP‐FY16‐01OperationalPlanningToolDr.William“Kip”Krebs,[email protected]

‐Developdecisionsupportanalytictoolsthatenhancecollaborativeplanningforgeneratingandexecutingsafeandeffectivenavigation&operationalplans.

2.EnterpriseAndPlatformEnablers(EPE) from$12.4MinFY2015to$11.7MEC:EPE‐FY16AdvancedTopcoatSystemMr.William(Bill)Nickerson,[email protected]‐of‐the‐arttopcoatsystemsforairandgroundvehicle(topcoats~80%common)

‐ Aviation:TypeIVPolyurethane–Lowerfilmthickness,focusonflexibility,erosion,color/glossretentionIHrestrictions.

‐ Ground:TypeIV/IIPolyurea–Higherfilmthickness3.ExpeditionaryManeuverWarfare(EMW) from$6.7MinFY2015to$6.3MEmw‐Fy16‐01DensifiedPropellantFireFromEnclosure‐ConfinedSpacePropulsionTechnologiesMr.DanSimons,[email protected]

‐ ConfinedSpace(FFE/CS)PropulsionTechnologies‐ Refinetungsten‐propellantmix,graindimensionsandconfiguration,andthefabrication

processtoreachsuitablerocketnozzleexitvelocitiesandsoundpressurelevels.4.ForceHealthProtection(FHP) from$9.2MinFY2015to$8.7MEC:FHP‐FY16IncapacitationPredictionforReadinessinExpeditionaryDomains Dr.Timothy(Tim)Bentley,[email protected]

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‐ Integratedin‐silicomodelofthehumanbodyandinternalorgansthatincludesphysiologically‐basedinjurypredictioncapabilities

‐ Quantitativevalidationmethodtoensurebiofidelity5.Forcenet(FNT) from$28MinFY2015to$32MEC:FNT‐FY15‐01AdvancedAirborneEarlyWarningElectronicProtection(AAEWEP)

‐ InitiateAdvancedAEWElectronicProtection‐ DeveloptechniquestoimproveE2‐Delectronicprotection.

EC:FNT‐FY15‐02DataFocusedNavalTacticalCloud

‐ InitiateNavalTacticalCloudAnalytics(formerlyknownasASWNavalTacticalCloud,EXWNavalTacticalCloud,andIAMDNavalTacticalCloud)‐Performthedatascienceactivitiestoingestallrelevantdata(acoustic,IR,EO,magnetic,radar,SIGINT,METOC)intotheNavalTacticalCloudtoenableefficientdecisionsupportanalyticsinsupportofeffectiveASW,EXWandIAMDmissionexecutionbasedonCommander'sIntent.

EC:FNT‐FY16‐02CombinedEO/IRSurveillanceAndResponseSystem(Cesars)Dr.PeterCraig,[email protected]

‐ InitiateMultispectralEO/IRCountermeasuresagainstAdvancedThreats(MEIRCAT)‐Investigatemultibandlaser,window,andsensingtechnologiesaswellasadvancedcountermeasuretechniquesforshipboarddefense.

‐ ShipboardPanoramicEO/IRCueingandSurveillanceSystem(SPECSS)‐InvestigatesmallpixelMid‐WaveInfrared(MWIR)FocalPlaneArray(FPA)technologiesandinnovativeapproachesforseamlessstitchingofmultipleFPAstocreatelargeformat,highpixel‐countimagers.

‐ CombinedEO/IRSurveillanceandResponseSystem 6.SeaBasing(BAS) EC:BAS‐FY16 FlexibleSea‐basedForceProjection Dr.GeoffMain,[email protected]

‐ Inflatable/fillablerigidstructuresdeployaswavemitigationbarrierstoreducethelocalseastateneartheSeaBase

‐ Systemsutilizethisnewtechnologywithexistingseabasecomponentstoforminterfaceplatforms

7.SeaShield(SHD) from$46.5MinFY2015to$52.8MEC:SHD‐FY16‐04Ship‐LaunchedElectronicWarfareExtendedEnduranceDecoy(SEWEED)Mr.JohnKinzer,[email protected]

‐ Developpreliminaryvehicle,payload,rocket,andlauncherconceptualdesignsandsizing.EC:SHD‐FY16‐05SurfaceShipPeriscopeDetectionAndDiscrimination(SSPDD)Mr.MikeWardlaw,[email protected]

‐ Developspecializedinterfacehardwarefortechnologycomponents.EC:SHD‐FY16‐06NextGenerationAirbornePassiveSystem(NGAPS)

‐ Developan'A‐size'deep,long‐duration,passivesonobuoyforareasurveillancethattakesadvantageofReliableAcousticPathdetectionagainstmodernquietsubmarinesandistetheredtoasurfacefloatcontainingaradio.

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EC:SHD‐FY16‐07SoftkillPerformanceAndReal‐TimeAssessment(SPARTA)Col.NormanEliasen,[email protected]

‐ Developandestablishdesigncriteria,systemrequirementsandsoftwarerequirements. EC:SHD‐FY16‐OSDAdvancedSeaMines

‐ Developacousticpropagationmodeling,algorithmsfortrackingandtracking,andalgorithmstoexploittheacousticcommunicationsenvironment

8.SeaStrike(STK) from$34.4MinFY2015to$43MTheFY2015toFY2016increasewasdueprimarilytotheplannedramp‐upofSTK‐FY15‐01,STK‐FY15‐02andSTK‐FY15‐03,andtheinitiationofSTK‐FY16‐01andSTK‐FY16‐02.EC:STK‐FY16‐02REACTIVEELECTRONICATTACKMEASURES(REAM)Dr.PeterCraig,[email protected]

‐ Developsignaldetectionandclassificationtechniquesthatcanrecognizenewandagileradarthreats.

Mine&ExpeditionaryWarfareAppliedResSpecialWarfare/EOD from$11.8MinFY2015to$11.1Decreaseinfunding,butnewdirectionsidentified

‐ Initiatedevelopmentoftechnologiesforultralight‐weight,lowcost,highlycapableautonomousroboticsystemsforcomplexdismountedoperations.

‐ InitiateappliedresearchintoforautonomousISRandmappingincanopiedcoastalandriverineenvironments

‐ Initiate'throughthesensor'in‐stridemappingofcoastalandriverinelandandseascapesusingoperationalEO/IR,radarandacousticsensors

‐ Initiateinvestigationoftechniquestodetectdeeplyburiedexplosivethreatsandordnancefromasafestandoffdistance

‐ Initiateinvestigationoftechniquestoneutralizeorrendersafeexplosivethreatsthatresultinlowcollateraldamagetosurroundinginfrastructure.

DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgency(DARPA)BT‐01/BiomedicalTechnology Neuro‐AdaptiveTechnology from$22MinFY2015to$31M

‐ Developandapplydataco‐registrationandfusionmethodsforneuralactivity,wiringandbehavior.

‐ Generateandannotatefirstintactneuraltissuevolumestoelucidatemicrostructureandconnectionsinthreedimensions.

‐ Designalgorithmsforautomaticcellidentificationandoptical‐signalestimation.‐ Elucidateneuralcircuitdynamicsusingstructurally‐informednetworkmodels.‐ Refineopticaltechniquesforimaginglargevolumesofneuraltissue.‐ Expanddatacurationarchitecture,databases,andanalyticaltoolstodistributegenerated

datatotheneurosciencecommunity.‐ Developmethodsforautomaticallydetectingandremovingnoiseorcontaminationfrom

datasets.‐ Deliverahierarchicalcomputationalmodelofkeybrainnetworksthatcapturesfeatures

relevantforpsychiatricillnessanditstreatment.‐ Developandrefineneuralstateacquisition,classificationandcontrolalgorithmsto

supportclosed‐loopcontrolinanimplantableneuraldevice.

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‐ Characterizeneuralnetworkplasticityduringbehavioraltraining.ProstheticHandProprioception&TouchInterfaces from$11MinFY2015to$19M

‐ Integrateinterfaceandelectronicsystemstechnologyforuseinhumanamputeestocontrolandreceiveintuitivesensoryfeedbackfromaprostheticdevice.

‐ Demonstrateclosed‐loopcontrolofagovernment‐furnishedvirtualprosthesis.‐ PerformsafetyandefficacytestingofintegratedHAPTIXsystemtocapturemotorcontrol

signalsandprovideelectricalsensorystimulationthroughtheperipheralnervoussystem.‐ Demonstrateinvivofunctionalityofnext‐generationHAPTIXperipheralinterface

technology.‐ DetermineHAPTIXsystemprostheticlimbtechnology,completesensorization,andbegin

manufacturingofdevices.‐ ImplementdraftversionofoutcomemetricsforquantifyingeffectsofHAPTIXtechnology

andbeginvalidationstudies.PerformanceOptimizationinComplexEnvironments from0inFY2015to$11.8M

‐ Begindevelopmentofnewalgorithmsforsensingandmodelingofphysiologicalandcognitivestate.

‐ Exploreandidentifyprimarysensingmethodsforreadingbiologicalsignals.‐ Beginresearchonbiologicalinterfacesforenablinginput‐outputofinformation.‐ Exploreandstudyimpactofvariousactuationmechanismsonphysiologicalstateand

outcomes.IT‐02/HighProductivity,High‐PerformanceResponsiveArchitecturesComplexityManagementHardware from$6MinFY2015to$12.2M

‐ Designtransistorlevelcircuitsimplementingthecomplexitymanagementalgorithms.‐ Demonstratetheabilitytomanagemultipledatastreamswithinterlacedinformation.

ScalableOpticalNodesforNetworkedEdgeTraversal from0inFY2015to$3.5M

‐ IdentifycommongraphprimitivesthatwouldacceleratetheexecutionofDoD‐specificapplications.

‐ Exploretheapplicationsbenefittingfromtheuniquearchitectureandwhetheruniquehardwaredesignallowsforprocessorsforuniquemilitaryapplications.

‐ Designcorrespondinghardware,e.g.processorcores,tooptimizeperformanceforhighbandwidthphotonicnetworks.

‐ DesignalgorithmstoexecuteDoDproblemsonaSONNETsystemandestimatesystemperformance.

ElectronicGlobalization from0inFY2015to$12M

‐ DevelopaspecificCONOPusingtheproposedstructure,andidentifyingkeyenablersneededtorealizeit.

‐ Modeldesignssuchasencryptionenginesusedtoenableauthorizedchipoperation.‐ Createandmodelprocessmodulemodificationsforastandardfabgaterecipethatresult

indesiredbehaviors.‐ Demonstrateproof‐of‐conceptoftheabilityofSHIELD‐likedevicestoselectively

authorizechipoperation.‐ Completeahighleveldesignofpiggybackchips,whichcanmonitorandalterinstruction

executionofthehostcomponent.

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IT‐03/INFORMATIONASSURANCEANDSURVIAVBILITYEdge‐DirectedCyberTechnolforReliableMissionComms from$11MinFY2015to$22M

‐ Initiatedevelopmentofsoftwareprototypessuitableforlaboratoryexperimentationwithoperationalcommands.

‐ Developworkarounds(fight‐throughstrategies)thatrapidlyrestorenetworkedcommunicationinthefaceofawidevarietyofcommonnetworkfailuremodesaswellascyberattacksagainstnetworkinfrastructure.

‐ Bringsoftwareprototypestoaninitialfieldexperimentincollaborationwithanoperationalcommand.

CyberFault‐tolerantAttackRecovery(CFAR) from$10MinFY2015to$20M

‐ Demonstratefunctionallyreplicatedsystemsandnovelvariantsthatprovideperformanceclosetooptimalandexhibitsufficientvariabilitytoguaranteedifferencesinbehaviorunderattack.

‐ Implementandtesttechniquesforquicklydetectingdifferencesacrossreplicatedsystems.

‐ Implementandevaluatealternativearchitecturesforachievingcyberfault‐toleranceformission‐criticalmilitaryapplicationswithcommoditycomputingtechnologies.

‐ WorkwithpotentialtransitionsponsorstoevaluatemilitarycomputingsystemsascandidatesfortechnologyrefreshwithCFARtechnologies.

AdaptableInformationAccessandControl(AIAC) from$7MinFY2015to$17.6M

‐ Developtechnologiestomonitorheterogeneousdistributedindustrialcontrolsystemnetworks,detectanomaliesthatrequirerapidassessment,andmitigatesensorspoofinganddenialofserviceattacks.

‐ Extendsimulationcapabilitiestounderstandthepotentialroleofelectricpowermarketsinpropagatingordampingpowergridanomalies.

‐ Developtechniquesthatuseorganicsensors,remoteinstrumentation,andothersourcesofcybersituationawarenessinformationtocontinuouslyoptimizecyberdefenses.

‐ Exploredefensivemeasures/counter‐measuresthatcanmitigate/thwartacoordinatedcyberattackonnationalcriticalinfrastructure.

CyberGrandChallenge(CGC) from$6MinFY2015to$11.3M

‐ Conductworld'sfirstautomatedcomputersecuritycontest:CyberGrandChallengeFinalEvent.

‐ Releaseeventresultsascyberresearchcorpustomeasureandchallengefutureautomatedcybercapabilities.

IT‐04/LanguageTechnologyLowResourceLanguagesforEmergentIncidents from$11MinFY2015to$22M

‐ Developalgorithmstoexploittheuniversalpropertiesoflanguageswhenrapidlyrampingupforalow‐resourcelanguage.

‐ Collect,generate,andannotatedataforaninitialsetofresourcesintypologicallyrepresentativemedium‐resourcelanguages.

‐ Createabaselinetoolkittorapidlydevelopaninitialsituationalawarenesscapabilitygivenanewlow‐resourcelanguagedocumentcollection.

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TT‐03/NavalWarfareTechnologyStrategicMobility from0inFY2015to$8M

‐ Createtimeandcostmodelofbrigadeleveldeploymenttechnologiesandprocesses.‐ Performrefinedtechnologytradestudiestoidentifycriticalcomponenttechnology.‐ Initiatedevelopmentofselectlogisticstechnologieswithhighmilitarypayoff.

TT‐04/AdvancedLandSystemsTechnologyMobileInfantry from0inFY2015to$6M

‐ Completetradesofmission/vignette‐drivencollaborativecommandandcontrolofaMIunitcomposedofawarfighterteamandsemi‐autonomoussystems.

‐ Completetradestudiesandinitialestimatesofperceptionandautonomousalgorithmsrequiredtomatchvignettes.

‐ Completetradestudiesofcandidateplatformsandoptionsforconversion,systemintegration,interfaces(electrical,mechanical,software,etc.),anddefinepreliminarywarfighterarchitecturestoleverage.

‐ Modifyanddemonstrateoptionallymannedconfigurationonanavailableallterrainvehicle.

Gremlin from0inFY2015to$8M

‐ Conductexploratorytradestudiestoestablishfeasibilityoftechnicalapproaches.‐ InitiatestudiesonintegrationwithexistingServicesystemsandsystemsarchitectures.‐ Studyplatformdesigntradesandapproachestobestmeetperformancegoalsat

minimumcost.QuantitativeMethodsforRapidResponse(QMRR) from$8.6MinFY2015to$15.6M

‐ DevelopquantitativemodelstotrackthedevelopmentofISILforcestructure,funding,andlogistics.

‐ DevelopquantitativemodelstotrackthespreadofISILideologywithemphasisontherolesofsocialmediaandthedarkweb.

‐ DevelopquantitativemodelstotrackthespreadofEbolawithemphasisonsocialandeconomicfactors.

TT‐13/NetworkCentricEnablingTechnologyUnderstandingMachineIntelligence(UMI) from0inFY2105to$12.7M

‐ FormulateapproachesforAIsystemstoexplaintheirbehaviorandclarifythebasisforandreliabilityofoutputs.

‐ Developautomateddrill‐downtechniquesthatprovideuserswithlogic/datathatdrivesAIsystemoutputs/behaviors.

‐ DevelopamathematicallyrigorousvirtualstabilitytheoryforAI‐enabledsystemsanalogoustothe(conventional)stabilitytheorydevelopedfordynamicalsystems.

MBT‐02/BiologicallyBasedMaterialsAndDevicesAdaptiveImmunomodulation‐BasedTherapeutics from$13MinFY2015to$23M

‐ Developnovelinterfacetechnologiestomonitorandstimulateperipheralnervestoselectivelyalterorganfunction.

‐ DemonstratesuperiorspecificityofnovelinterfacetechnologiescomparedtoFDA‐approvedstateoftheartwhole‐nervestimulationdevices.

‐ Defineinput/outputmodelsofmammalianautonomicfunctionssuchastheimmune

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systemand/ortheautonomicstressresponse.‐ Identifyperipheralinterventionpointsandmodulationparametersforcontrolof

mammalianautonomicfunctionforimprovinghealthortreatingdisease.‐ Developmulti‐siteelectrodearrayandstimulatortoimprovetargetingofvagalnerve

stimulation.‐ Initiatetestingofadvancedinterfacetechnologies.

Biological‐ComputationalPlatforms from0inFY2015to$10.5M

‐ Analyzearchitecturesandsystemsforutilizingcomplexbiologicalsignalsgeneralizableacrossusers.

‐ Exploremechanismsfordirectneuralinterfacingtoreceiveandreacttooperationallyrelevantenvironmental,physiologicalandneuralinformation.

‐ Beginresearchingscalablemodelsandalgorithmstoderiveactionablebiologicalsignalsfrommultipleusers.

BiologicalRobustnessinComplexSettings(BRICS) from0inFY2015to$8.1M

‐ Developtechnologiestodesignandbuildbiologicalpathwaysthatwillfunctioninundomesticatedmicrobialspeciesfromawiderangeofphyla(prokaryoticoreukaryotic).

‐ Developanalyticaltoolsthatallowthesimultaneousmeasurementofrelevantparameters,suchasgenetranscription,proteinsynthesis,andsmallmoleculecommunication,withinamulti‐speciesconsortium.

‐ Fabricategeneralizableculturesubstratesthatprovidecontrolovercommunitystructureandcompositionandsupportthegrowthofbothprokaryoticandeukaryoticcells.

‐ Integratepromisingcomponenttechnologiesthatmaybereadilyadaptedintoaplatformforengineeringrobust,stable,andsafebiologicalcommunities.

ELT‐01ElectronicsTechnologyFastandBigMixed‐SignalDesigns(FAB) from$4MinFY2015to$10.8M

‐ ContinuetoinvestigatechoicesfortheRFanddigitaltechnologiesandthebestmethodsofco‐integration(monolithic,throughsiliconvia(TSV)s,interposer,etc.)inordertoachieveprogramobjectives,alongwithidentifyingpartner(s)forfabricationand/orintegration.

‐ Continuecircuitdesignactivitiestodetermineperformancebenefitsofnewprocessesenabledbytheprogram.

‐ ContinuetostudythebesttechnologyforvariousRFfunctionalblocksforoptimaluseofmixedtechnologies.

DirectOn‐ChipDigitalOpticalSynthesis(DODOS) from$3MinFY2015to$8M

‐ DevelopDODOSsystemarchitecturesandintegrationapproaches.‐ Validatedevice‐levelperformancerequirements,suchasthecontrol‐loopbandwidthsand

opticallinkbudget,neededtoreachtheDODOSprogrammetricsatthesystemlevel.‐ Prototypecriticalphotoniccomponentsinprocessesconsistentwithsubsequentco‐

integration.HipowerAmpusingVacElectronicsforOvermatchCapab from0inFY2015to$12M

‐ Initiatethedesignofawide‐bandwidth,highpowermicrowavevacuumelectronicamplifierandidentifyspecificcomponentperformanceparametersandengineeringtradeoffs.

‐ Design,fabricate,andtesthighcurrent‐densitycathodescapableofproducingbeam

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currentconsistentwithamplifieroutputpowerrequirements.NextGenerationAtomicClock(NGAC) from0inFY2015to$8.4M

‐ Demonstrateprototypeclockoperationutilizinglow‐CSWaPcomponenttechnology.‐ Evaluateenvironmentalsensitivity,particularlytemperatureandacceleration.‐ IdentifytechnologygapsandcompletearoadmapforNGACdevelopment.

PreciseRobustInertialGuidanceforMunitions(PRIGM) from0inFY2015to$10M

‐ Modelanddesignarchitecturesforchip‐scaleopticalgyroscopesbasedonwaveguidetechnologies

‐ Designandfabricateheterogeneously‐integrated,chip‐scalewaveguideopticalgyroscopes

‐ Demonstratehigh‐bandwidth(100,000degrees/s)inertialsensors‐ ModelanddesignopticallyinterrogatedMEMSinertialsensors‐ Developco‐fabricationprocessestosupportMEMSopticalinterrogation‐ Demonstrateshocksurvivabilityofsensorsandcomponenttechnologies

NearZeroEnergyRFandSensorOperations(N‐ZERO) from0inFY2015to$4.5M

‐ Initiatedevelopmentofhardwarecomponentsenablingpassiveornearzeroenergycollection,processinganddetectionofcommunicationsandsensorinformation.

‐ InitiatedevelopmentofRFandphysicalsensormicrosystemsthatcollect,processesanddetectthepresenceofdesiredsignalswhileconsumingnearzeropower.

‐ IdentifygovernmentapplicationspacesandtransitionpathsthatwillmakeuseofN‐ZEROsignalprocessinganddetection.

MicrowavesandMagnetics(M&M) from0inFY2015to$5M

‐ Investigaterecentadvancesinmagneticmaterialssciencetoidentifynewprocessing,fabrication,andintegrationtechniquesthatcanenablemicrowavecomponentswithreducedloss,increasedbandwidth,andenhancedtunability.

‐ Leveragenewmicrowavecomponentdesignandmodelingtechniquestoassesstheperformanceofadvancedmagneticmaterialsinmicrowavecircuitsandapplications.

‐ Initiatethedesignanddevelopmentofmagneticcomponentsusingadvancedmagneticmaterialswithreducedloss,increasedbandwidth,andenhancedtunability.

MultiPLEX from0inFY2015to$8M

‐ Designandsimulatethecompletechannelizedreceiverandgenerateflowdownspecificationstocomponenttechnologies.

‐ Demonstratethehighriskphotoniccomponentsinahighyield,repeatablefabricationprocesscompatiblewithsiliconmanufacturing.

DiamondEnhancedDevices(DiamEnD) from0inFY2015to$6M

‐ DemonstratethatGaNepitaxycanbeharvestedfromtheSOAGaNonSiCepitaxydevelopedintheWideBandGapSemiconductors(WBGS)‐RFprogramandmatedwithdiamondsubstrates.

‐ InitiateefforttodevelopthediamondsubstratematerialsandtransistortechnologytodemonstrateGaNonDiamonddeviceswithupto25W/mm.

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DefenseThreatReductionAgency(DTRA)DetectionTechnologies from0inFY2015to$26M

‐ Discover/identifynuclearthreatsignatures,characteristics,andcorrespondingdetectionmodalitiesandcollectionsystems.

‐ Developalgorithms/toolsforrapidlyandeffectivelyanalyzingall‐sourceintelligencetoidentifynuclearthreats.

‐ Prototypesystemstoremotelymonitorsmallandwideareas,whichmayproduceorcontainnuclearthreats.

‐ Developalgorithms/toolstosynthesizethecollectionandanalysisofmultiplenuclearthreatsignaturestoimproveassessmentconfidenceandcuingofpotentialnuclearthreatevents.

‐ Executerobustandoperationallyrelevanttestingandevaluationofdevelopmentalradiationdetectionsystemstodetermineandselectthebestperformingtechnologiesandtechniquesforfurtherdevelopmentandtransitiontousergroups.

‐ Downselectsensormaterialsforthemosteffective/efficientcapabilityandintegrateintodetectionsystems.

‐ Downselectdetectionsystemalgorithmsformosteffective/efficientprocessingandintegrateintodetectionsystemstoimproveusercapabilities.

‐ Researchanddevelopadvancedthree‐dimensionalimagingtechnologiesforhigh‐resolutionsourcecharacterizationandidentificationtoprovidenewandimprovedcapabilitiestodetect,locate,identify,andcharacterizethreatmaterials.

‐ Investigateviabilityofultra‐low‐power,long‐durationprogrammableremoteradiationmonitoringsystems.

ChemicalBiologicalDefenseProgramCB2/ChemicalBiologicalDefenseAppliedResearchPercutaneousProtection from0inFY2015to$5MDevelopbothforceprotectionandsituationalawarenessthroughtheimprovementofmulti‐functionalmaterialsthatexhibitbroadreaching,crosscuttingcapabilitiesinchemical/biologicalsensinganddetoxification.Validateresponsemechanismsofdynamicmaterialsthatconformtothechallengeamount.TM2/TechbaseMedicalDefenseAppliedResearch DiagnosticAssays from0inFY2015to$1MDevelopin‐vitroassaysforWestern,Eastern,andVenezuelanEquineEncephalitis(VEE)virusvaccines.Developin‐vitroassaysforVEEvirusproteaseactivityandstructurebaseddiscoveryofviralproteaseinhibitors.

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Appendix3:AbbreviatedillustrationofaProgramOfficerDatasheetDr.DavidM.SteppARO,Chief,MaterialsSciencesDivision(919)549‐[email protected]:Dr.DavidSteppservesastheChiefoftheMaterialsScienceDivisionoftheU.S.ArmyResearchOffice.Also,heisAdjunctAssistantProfessorintheDepartmentofMechanicalEngineering&MaterialsScience,PrattSchoolofEngineering,DukeUniversity.EducationPhDinMechanicalEngineeringandMaterialsSciencefromDukeUniversityin1998MSinMechanicalEngineeringandMaterialsSciencefromDukeUniversityin1995 BSinEngineeringfromHarveyMuddCollegein1993 Program:MechanicalBehaviorofMaterialshttp://www.arl.army.mil/www/default.cfm?page=183TheMechanicalBehaviorofMaterialsprogramseekstoestablishthefundamentalrelationshipsbetweenthestructureofmaterialsandtheirmechanicalpropertiesasinfluencedbycomposition,processing,environment,andloadingconditions.Theprogramemphasizesresearchtodevelopinnovativenewmaterialswithunprecedentedmechanical,andothercomplementary,properties.……RecentMURITopics:FY11 Flex‐ActivatedMaterialsFY10 IonTransportinComplexHeterogeneousOrganicMaterialsFY09 TailoredStress‐WaveMitigationFY09 DisruptiveFibersforFlexibleArmorIllustrativePapersReflectingPersonalResearchInterests:AtheoryofamorphousviscoelasticsolidsundergoingfinitedeformationswithapplicationtohydrogelsKorchaginVladimir;DolbowJohn;SteppDavidINTERNATIONALJOURNALOFSOLIDSANDSTRUCTURES44(11‐12),3973‐3997JUN12007Damagemitigationinceramics:HistoricaldevelopmentsandfuturedirectionsinarmyresearchSteppDMCERAMICTRANSACTIONS134,421‐4282002High‐resolutionstudyofwatertreesgrowninsilvernitratesolutionStepp,D.,King,J.A.,Worrall,J.,Thompson,A.,andCooper,D.E.IEEETransactionsonDielectricsandElectricalInsulation,3(3),392‐3981996

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Appendix4:AcronymandAbbreviationGlossaryAgencySpecificAFIRM ArmedForcesInstituteforRegenerativeMedicineAFOSR AirForceOfficeofScientificResearchAFRL AirForceResearchLaboratoriesAMRDEC AviationandMissileResearchandDevelopmentCenter(Army)AMRMC ArmyMedicalResearchandMaterielCommandARDEC ArmamentResearchandDevelopmentCenter(Army)ARL ArmyResearchLaboratoriesARO ArmyResearchOfficeBA BudgetActivity(newdesignationfortheR&Daccounts)BMDS BallisticMissileDefenseSystemBSV BioSurveillanceBTO BiologicalTechnologiesOffice(DARPA)C2 CommandandControlC2ISR Command,Control,Intelligence,SurveillanceandReconnaissanceC4ISR Command,Control,Communications,Computers,…CBDP Chemical/BiologicalDefenseProgramCBRNE Chemical,Biological,Radiological,NuclearandHighExplosiveCBWD Chemical/BiologicalWarfareDefenseCCRI Cross‐cutResearchInitiativeCDMRP CongressionallyDirectedMedicalResearchProgramCERDEC Communication‐ElectronicsResearchandDevelopmentCenterCM CounterMeasuresCNA ComputerNetworkAttackCoE CenterofExcellenceCONOPS ConceptsofOperationCOTS CommercialOff‐the‐Shelf(products)CSI CongressionalSpecialInterest(alsoknownasbudget“adds”)CTA CollaborativeTechnologyAllianceCWMD CombatingWeaponsofMassDestructionD2D DatatoDecisionsDARPA DefenseAdvancedResearchProjectsAgencyDDR&E Director,DefenseResearchandEngineeringDFBA DefenseForensicsandBiometricsAgencyDHP DefenseHealthProgramDLA DefenseLogisticsAgencyDMDI DigitalManufacturingandDesignInnovation(anIMI)DMRDP DefenseMedicalResearchandDevelopmentProgramDMS&T DefenseManufacturingScienceandTechnologyDTIC DefenseTechnicalInformationCenterDTRA DefenseThreatReductionAgencyDURIP DefenseUniversityResearchInstrumentationProgramECBC EdgewoodChemicalandBiologicalCenterEM ElectromagneticERDC EngineeringResearchandDevelopmentCenter,ArmyCorpofEngineersERS EngineeredResilientSystemsESTCP EnvironmentalSecurityTechnologyCertificationProgramEW ElectronicWarfareFDW FederalDistrictofWashington(DOD)FPA FocalPlaneArrayGDF GuidancefortheDevelopmentoftheForce

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GPS GlobalPositioningSystemHEL HighEnergyLaserHSCB HumanSocialCulturalandBehaviorModelingIED ImprovisedExplosiveDevicesIMI InstituteforManufacturingInnovationISR Intelligence,SurveillanceandReconnaissanceLM3I ModernMetalsManufacturingInnovation(anIMI)LVC Live,VirtualandConstructive(environments)MDA MissileDefenseAgencyMinerva NameofDODprogramengagingthesocialsciencecommunityMOVINT Theabilitytotrackmovingthingsonlandandsea(MovementIntelligence)MTO MicrosystemsTechnologyOffice(DARPA)MURI MultidisciplinaryUniversityResearchInitiativeNAMII NationalAdditiveManufacturingInnovationInstitute(anIMI)NAWC NavalAirWarfareCenters(PatuxentRiver‐AircraftDiv,ChinaLake–WeaponsDiv)NDEP NationalDefenseEducationProgramNDSEG NationalDefenseScienceandEngineeringGraduateFellowshipsNMRC NavalMediNPGS NavalPostgraduateSchoolNRL NavalResearchLaboratoryNSRDEC NatickSoldierResearchandDevelopmentCommandNSSEFF NationalSecurityScienceandEngineeringFacultyFellowshipNSWC NavalSurfaceWarfareCenter(DahlgrenandCarderockDivisions)NUWC NavalUnderseaWarfareCenterONR OfficeofNavalResearchOSD OfficeoftheSecretaryofDefensePACOM DODU.S.PacificCommandPE ProgramElement–termfromDODbudgetingPM ProgramManager(sameasPO)PO ProgramOfficer(sameasPM)QIS QuantumInformationScienceR&E ResearchandEngineeringEnterprise(DODAssistantSecretary)R‐1 RDT&EProgramBudgetSummaryDocumentRDDS ResearchandDevelopmentDescriptiveSummary(R‐2BudgetDocument)RDECOM ArmyResearchandDevelopmentCommandsRIF RapidInnovationFundRF RadiofrequencySIGINT SignalsIntelligenceSERDP StrategicEnvironmentalResearchandDevelopmentProgramSOCOM SpecialOperationsCommandSOF SpecialOperationsForcesSPAWAR SpaceandNavalWarfareSystemsCenterSTO StrategicTechnologyOffice(DARPA)TARDEC Tank‐AutomotiveResearchandDevelopmentCenter(Army)TBI TraumaticBrainInjuryTTO TacticalTechnologyOffice(DARPA)UARC UniversityAffiliatedResearchCenterUCAR UnmannedCombatAirRotorUCAV UnmannedCombatAirVehicleUSAMRMC UnitedStatesArmyMedicalResearchandMaterielCommandUXV Unmanned(Xforground(G),air(A),sea(S),…)VehiclesYIP YoungInvestigatorProgram

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GeneralBAA BroadAgencyAnnouncementCA CongressionaladdCFDA CatalogofFederalDomesticAssistanceNumberCMOS ComplementaryMetalOxideSemiconductor(electronics)CSI CongressionalSpecialInterestDHS DepartmentofHomelandSecurityDOC DepartmentofCommerceDOD DepartmentofDefenseDOE DepartmentofEnergyDoEd DepartmentofEducationDoI DepartmentofInteriorED DepartmentofEducation(alternative)EPA EnvironmentalProtectionAgencyFDA FoodandDrugAdministrationFFO FederalFundingOpportunityFFRDC FederallyFundedResearchandDevelopmentCenterFY FiscalYearHTM HierarchicalTemporalMemoryIHE InstitutionsofHigherEducationIMI InstituteforManufacturingInnovationMAPS MissionAgencyProgramSummary(providedbyUSCResearchAdvancement)MEMS/NEMSMicro‐Nano‐ElectroMechanicalSystemsNASA NationalAeronauticsandSpaceAdministrationNDI/E Non‐DestructiveInspection/EvaluationNIST NationalInstituteforStandardsandTechnology(inDOC)NNMI NationalNetworkforManufacturingInnovationNOAA NationalOceanicandAtmosphericAdministration(inDOC)NSF NationalScienceFoundationPBR President’sBudgetRequest(submittedtoCongress)PTSD Post‐traumaticStressSyndromeRDT&E Research,Development,TestandEvaluationRF Radio‐frequencyRFA RequestforApplicationRFI RequestforInformationS&T ScienceandTechnologySBIR SmallBusinessInnovativeResearchSTEM Science,Technology,EngineeringandMathematics(education)STTR SmallBusinessTechnologyTransferTBA TobeannouncedTBI TraumaticBrainInjuryUSDA USDepartmentofAgriculture


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Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 President's Budget Submission ......Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 President's Budget Submission February 2012 DoD Human Resources Activity ... card system for the Uniformed

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DoD Financial Management Regulation Volume 11A, Chapter ... · DoD Financial Management Regulation Volume 11A, ... (Chapter 15, Volume 3 “Budget ... to other U.S. Government agencies

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