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Lower Intermediate LessonShining Kobe

6Formal Kanji 2

Formal Kana 2Formal Romanization 3

English 3

Vocabulary 3

Grammar Points 4

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Kanji

! "

# $ !

' ( ) 03 2 4 5 6 7 8 9 ! "

@ @ A B "

B

5 5 C D @ @ A E $ "

F G H

9 I A P Q R Q S T U V W X

" ! Y

Q ` a b d e e f 5 A g h i C p d q r A

s t u Q

$ P Q R V v 5 w E A I x y r i s p d 5 " e

8 Q A 7 d A S T U V 7

d 5 !

V 7 I I i d 5 5 !

# $ !

Listen to the full conversation.

KanaC 6 $ 6 $ 5

6 $ ! "

C 6 # $ !

6 $ ' ( ) 0 2 5 6 7 8 9 ! "

@ @ A "

C 6

5 5 C D @ @ A E $ "

C 6 5 6 $ C

9 I A

s Q Q 5 V 5

" ! Q ` a b d e e " 5 A g h i

C 7 d g g r A s @ 5 d Q

$

s Q V

5 w E A I 8 y r i s 7 d 5 " e

8 Q A $ " Q j 7 k l 5 d A

5 V 7 d 5 ! " Q j V 7 I

m I " Q j 6 $ i 5 n $ d 5 5 !

C 6 # $ !

Formal Romanization

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Natsuko Sensh

Yoshi K

Natsuko S ! " # $ # " " #

Yoshi Ee, mite kimashita ka?

Natsuko Mite kimashita yo.

Yoshi Ii na. Ee, d

Natsuko Saik % $ ! " # " ' ! " # $ " ( $ " ) $ 0 1

ichiban yokatta desu. Michi no raito ga kira #

ite, oshare na hito ga ' # 2 $ " !

Yoru no michi wa samui kedo, demo atatamete kureru hito ga

ita kara...

Yoshi Ano, sensh $ " 3 " " 4 $ 5 2 '

fun'iki wa chotto chigaimasu ne. Kanojo wa totemo fuman

deshita. Watashi mo kanojo o K $ # 2

desu ne.

Natsuko S $

English

Natsuko I went to Kobe last weekend.

Yoshi Kobe?

Natsuko That's right. Have you heard of the Kobe Luminarie?

Yoshi What, you saw it?

Natsuko Yes, I did.

Yoshi You're so lucky. How was it?

Natsuko It was superb. Above all, the night atmosphere in Kobe was

the best. The street lights were glittering, and there

were many stylishly dressed people. It was just like a

movie. It was cold at night, but there was someone to keep

me warm...

Yoshi Well, last weekend I went to Ginza with my girlfriend, but

the atmosphere was somewhat different. She was not happy.

I should also take her to K ' " 6 $ 0 7

Natsuko Yes, you should.

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VocabularyKanji Kana Romaji English 6 $

k Kobe ' ( ) 0 2 6 $ ' ( ) 0 2

K $ # Kobe Luminarie

Festival e e e e

kirakira sparkleS T U 5

fun'iki atmosphereH

9 I C

9 I

naniyorimo more than anythingg h i g h i

oshare stylish s s

marude as if k l

Ginza Ginza7 I 7 I totemo fuman very dissatisfied

Vocabulary Sample Sentences

5 5 ! d 8 9 !

Ginza ni ii sushi-ya ga arimasu.

There's a good sushi bar in Ginza.

Grammar Points

Kuru is a verb meaning "to come". When it follows the -te form of another verb,

it acts as an auxiliary verb, indicating that the primary verb is in progress or

transition. When used as an auxiliary verb, it is typically written in all

hiragana. Kuru can have a number of different meanings when used as an auxiliary

verb. These include:

1) If the primary verb is a verb expressing a type of motion, then the subject ofthat verb is approaching the speaker in the manner expressed by the primary verb.

2) When it can logically be assumed that the speaker will do something and come

back, kuru is used to indicate that the speaker will return after performing the

action indicated by the primary verb.

3) The appearance of an object, or the occurrence of some phenomenon.

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4) The continuation/repetition of an action that has continued up until the

present moment.

5) The progress of some state or condition, eventually reaching some specified

level.

In today's lesson, the second usage is found:

Sensh

I went to Kobe last weekend.

In this case, since kuru is in the past form, it means that the speaker went, and

has already returned.

Another example:

7 B !

Chotto mite kimasu yo.I'm gonna go take a look. I'll be back.

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