Presenting in English. How to Give Successful Presentations.
33 How to Prepare and Give Good Presentations
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Transcript of 33 How to Prepare and Give Good Presentations
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How to prepare and give
excellent scientific presentationseven in your second language
For non English speakers
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Reflections and remarks
No single accomplishment is more important to successoutside the laboratory than the ability to speak
excellently in public.
Years of training are required, but the investment pays offbeautifully in career advancement and in self-
satisfaction
Carl J. SindermannWinning the games scientists play.
Strategies for enhancing your career in Science
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Oral presentation is a vital aspect
of the practice of science
Presentation of research findings
before assembled colleagues
is a critical part of a scientific career
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Good public speaking should be part of the
background and expertise of every scientist
but is often not
A significant fraction of so calledprofessional scientists
are abominable public speakers
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Scientific oral presentations can be a valuable
and pleasurable experience for all concernedWhy are so often deadly dull?
The scientists have no training in public speaking
They are unaware of the importance of doing it well
They do not know the game rules
They have not bothered to plan their presentartionsprepare it and practice it.
Only present to ensure their travel will be funded
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Further reflections
The windows on a broader world
that are open to good scientists who are also good speakers
are almost limitless.
Why, then do so many settle for mediocrity?
Carl J. Sindermann
Winning the games scientists play.
Strategies for enhancing your career in Science.
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How to do well
Learning to be a good speaker is much like
learning a foreign language.
The requisites are: Minimum natural ability and
Maximum willpower and application
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Effective oral presentation
depends on a conscious learning process
1. Close observation of skilled presentations
2. Knowledge of the game rules3. Careful planning of the presentations
4. Application of appropriate methodology
5. Continuous practice
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How to prepare
an excellent presentation It requires:
1. Careful planning of the structure of the
presentation2. Hard work on the preparation of slides
3. Hard work on the preparation of the speech
4. Hard work on the practice of the speech
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Structure of the talk
Introduction should place the research in
historical and developmental context
The emphasis on methods, results andinterpretations (depends on audience).
A Stunning conclusion will be remembered by
the audience.
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Tips for excellent talks
Before the talk
Prepare excellent slides and an inspired speech.
Practice before a small group of colleagues During the talk
Establish contact with your audience
Show Controlled but obvious enthusiasm for the
research being reported
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How not to present
1. Give it in Chinese Cantonese2. Read it word for word
3. Give all the details of the experimental procedure
4. Never time your presentation
5. Fill up all your allotted time and ignore cutoff signals from
the chair
6. Prepare your slides three days before the meeting7. Thirty lines of text or more within each slide
8. Present your paper with genuine disinterest
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Suggestions for better presentations
Prepare good slides
Learn well your speech practicing it
Time your speech and reserve time for the discussion at the
end of presentation
Show your enthusiasm for the subject matter
Avoid to give excessive details of technique
Put the emphasis on significant conclusions
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Preparation of presentations
1. Cut and paste your abstract into the titles of severalslides:
Title and authors
Background
Objectives
Material and methods
R
esults Conclusions
Acknowledgements
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Select materials you will need for your
slides and copy and paste it to your slides
An icon of your institution for the title slide.
Schemes and photographs of the equipments for
the materials and methods.
Graphs and tables for the results.
Photographs of the coauthors for theacknowledgements slide.
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Add the emphatic points
At the principle
An appealing introduction
Why it is important your work for your audience?
At the end
G
ive the message to give at home What you have to recall of all this?
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How to make a slide
Put as title the topic sentence which resumes
and starts the speech of this slide.
Use iconographic devices or schematic orresumed text to develop the topic.
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Include reminders
If there is one important idea you can forget
write it down in the text of the slide or as a note
under the iconographic material.
Write in the note what you will say with the
slide.
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Preparation and practice of the speech
1. Write Your notes
2. Control the length of the speech to fit it
in scheduled time
3. Practice the speech: correct grammar and
pronunciation4. Practice the Play as an actor
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1. Write your notes
For each slide write it down what you will say.
If you (the speaker) are unable to remembersomething then possibly is not of great importance
for your audience suppress it or rephrase it in a point
more easily memorable.
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2. Control length of your speech
to fit in scheduled time You have to read your presentation to test if it fits inthe time scheduled. You can use for this a
chronometer clock. If you exceed the scheduled time you have to cut:
Cut the most accessory information.
When there is periphrasis sort and go straight.
Eliminate unnecessary repetitions.
After the necessary cuts you can print your notes to start
practice.
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3. Start to practice the speech
Now you can practice without the computer
thanks to your notes
Detect weak points and mistakes and writeyour additional corrections of the speech on
your notes.
You can later transcribe the corrections andchanges to the PowerPoint file.
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3. Correct pronunciation
Ask a native speak for reading your presentation.
Native English speakers do not refuse a beer in exchange for
their generous collaboration
You should correct grammatical mistakes and learn about
correct spelling, proper pronunciation and intonation.
You even can record a narration of the speech of the native
with Power point, in exchange for a supplementary beer. Practice the pronunciation of the speech
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4. Further Practice of the speech as a Player
When you are ready to try without notes or to try using printed notesuse the option of Power Point to record narration.
You can time your presentation and detect points in which you loose thepoint.
The intensive practice of the speech is the right way to a controlledpresentation.
The most you practice the less you will be nervous.
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Practice and troubleshooting
You have to identify the points that you forget
and work specially hard on them.
Suppress slides which embarrass you. When you disorientate include some phrase in
the slide (reminder) which remember you the
start of the next important idea.
You can use animation to hide this reminders at
first and appear later when they are required
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Before Presentation1. Prepare slides and a speech guide.
2. Print your handouts and do not forget it in the hotel.
3. Take in advance your presentation to the techniques. You have to
deactivate in the PowerPoint file The option to reproduce the sound of the narration.
The option to advance slides automatically otherwise you will have problems.
4. Present you in advance to the chairs of the sessions
Talk to him will relax you
Give them information to introduce you
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Relax yourself in the previous moments
(some professional tricks)
You can use sumial (a beta blocker) for relaxation but
you have to take it with care because in excess causes
sedation.
If you are the first speaker talk to the chair in English
to warm up your tongue.
If you are not the first speaker you can ask questions
to the previous presenters to auto-provoke you
adrenalin peaks previous to your start.
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Hit the ground running
Start your presentation reading
After a very short introductory phrase that you will extract
from memory:
Thank you, very much, Im very pleased to be here today
speaking at this splendid meeting
Start your presentation reading something from your slides
Before to start I want to read the inspiring words of
after a ridden wind up of one or two minutes you were onflight and now you can say something that requires the use
of your memory.
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How to enjoy presenting
The presentation should be a pleasurable as well as
profitable occasion for the speaker and the audience
Scientific meetings should be enjoyable affairs
The speaker must take the situation lightly, and must
enjoy himself.
Humor is particularly effective in the early moments of
a paper, to both alert and relax the audience.
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Develop Empathy with your audience
Attempt to evaluate the audience and to package
the talk to fit it
Adapt: Vocabulary, style and approaches The speaker is among friends who are interested
in the material
Look for responsive faces and assertiveindividuals and concentrate on them in
sequence.
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Take contact with your audience
1. Show you friendly, see them, make eye contact
2. Appeal to them as a group.
3. Appeal to their common interests.4. Appeal to their humor sense.
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The discussion
In most societies there are sadistic individuals
who are noted as seeming to derive great
satisfaction from what appear to others to be
unnecessary harsh comments
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Ways to avoid entrapment and make the
discussion a mutually profitable experience
Know the material well
Discuss any weaknesses of data with sympatheticcolleagues in advance
Write out detailed answers to a number of possible
questions that might be asked. Avoid being overly defensive
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How to respond the difficult questions
Bluffing rarely success but abject confessions of
ignorance are not required either respond
truthfully if only partially
Responses can be diverted to areas more familiar
to the speaker, as long as the diversion is not too
obvious
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What you have to recall of all this?
You can give excellent presentations applying
the methodology explained in this talk
You have to practice You have to look for opportunities to present in
public