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Transcript of 32972118 Urban Design Manual Part C Standards
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2010 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards C-1
Urban Design Manual
PART C –
DESIGN
STANDARDSThese Design Standards have been prepared in orderto assist developers and their agents in preparingdevelopment application submissions to the City ofKitchener. These standards assume ideal conditions.There will be sites where due to competing objectivesor the inherent limitations of the specific site, it will notbe possible to meet the standards. In such cases, thereader/designer should consult with staff to discuss thebest method of achieving the optimum design for therespective site.
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C-2 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
Urban Design Manual
INFRASTRUCTURE,STREETS AND SITEDESIGN
1.0
PARKINGSTRUCTURES
Definitions
Footcandles – The standard used to specify themeasured intensity of lighting.
Illumination Level – The minimum level of illuminationfor the specified area measured on a horizontal plane.
Standards
Design Criteria - Ramps:
Grade - maximum 12%
Transition Grade – applicable to all ramps regardlessof grade and must be ½ of the ramp grade for aminimum distance of 3.66m centred on the transitionpoint, to a maximum of 6%
One-way Ramp Width - 3.04 metre minimum
Two-way Ramp Width - 6.10 metre minimum
One-way Curved Ramp Width - 4.57 metre minimum
Two-way Curved Ramp Width - 9.10 metre minimum
One-way Curved Ramp Radius - 5.5 metre minimum(inside radius) - Two-way Curved Ramps shall includea 0.50 metre centre median.
Curved Ramp Super Elevation - 0.10 metres/metremaximum (at the point of sharpest turning).
Design Criteria - Parking Areas:
Slope of parking area and aisles - 0.5% minimum, 5%maximum – Refer to Section 3.0 for Surface Parkingdesign standards.
Design Criteria - Street Entrance/Exits:
Distance from signalized intersection - minimum 65metres
Distance from unsignalized intersection - minimum 33
metres
One-way lane width - minimum 3.66 metres, maximum4.57 metres
Two-way lane width - minimum 6.1 metres, maximum9.1 metres
Turning radius at street - 7.6 to 9.1 metres
Angle of intersection at street and driveway – 70o
to110
o
Driveway entrance/exit shall be at grade with existingor future sidewalk.
Grade of entrance/exit shall not be greater than 4% fora distance of 7.62m from the nearest edge of thestreet.
The grade of the aisle ramp or driveway adjacent to aparking control device (gate, cashier booth, ticketdispenser) shall not exceed 4% for a minimumdistance of 9.1m on the approach to such devices.
Where a driveway entrance/exit intersects a street, anunobstructed daylight triangle of 4.57m x 4.57m shall
be maintained behind the property line on both sidesof the driveway. No visual obstruction is allowedgreater than 1 m over the traveled portion of theadjacent roads.
Pedestrian entrances/exits and elevators must bebarrier free accessible.
Design Criteria - Traffic Circulation:
In areas where traffic circulation may require guidancefor directional movement and where painted arrowsare not adequate to direct traffic safely or in anorganized manner for optimum site circulation, trafficsigns, delineators, markings or other traffic controlmeasures or devices will be required.
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2010 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards C-3
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Design Criteria - Lighting:
Horizontal Illumination Levels (Footcandles)
5 General Parking Areas
2 Roof and Surface * (see also Outdoor
Lighting Standards)
10 Ramps and Corners
20 Stairwell and Exit Lobbies
Uniformity Ratio
4:1 Average/Minimum
Lighting of parking structures shall:
• Clearly illuminate the interior of the structure and
allow the visual inspection of the interiors of cars.
• Provide uniform distribution to avoid dark areas
and shadows.
• Provide closer spacing of lower wattage fixtures
rather than fewer fixtures of higher wattage.
• Protect lighting fixtures from damage by using
wired glass or other suitable means of protection.
• Maximize natural light penetration.
• Provide vandal-resistant fixtures, easily
maintained, and repaired on a regular basis.
• Locate fixtures in order to minimize glare.
• Highlight pedestrian entrances with additional
secondary lighting fixtures.
• Paint all walls and ceilings white for greater and
more even illumination.
Design Criteria - Signage:
• Signs within the parking structure shall be well
illuminated, easy to read, and have a uniform
graphic design and include the following:
• Large safe-exit arrows shall be displayed on safe-
exit doors 1.5 meters above the floor, measured
from the centre of the arrow to the floor, with the
arrow pointing down.
• Designated safe-exit routes.
• Small safe-exit arrows prominently displayed on
columns or walls 1.5 meters above the floor,
measured from the centre of the arrow to the floor,
and located:
• At least every ten metres along the safe-exit
route.
• At all safe-exit route decision points along the
safe-exit route.
• Wherever a safe-exit route crosses a traffic
aisle.
• Alert signs are to be prominently displayed on
columns or walls 2.1 meters above the floor,
measured from the top of the sign to the floor,
located every 25 parking stalls in the garage,
evenly distributed in the structure.
• The following shall be coloured green:
• The safe-exit door.
• The frame of the safe-exit door and wall
adjacent to the safe-exit door to a distance of
one metre on either side of the frame, and to a
height of 3 meters above the floor or to the
soffit above the bulk head over the door.
• Signs shall be used to notify users of the security
measures in place (monitoring by security patrols,
closed circuit TV, intercom systems) or to highlight
locations of emergency telephones, intercoms or
panic buttons.
• All required traffic control signing (stop, yield,
crosswalks, etc.) shall be provided in accordance
with typical traffic engineering practice. The sizes,
shapes and colours of these signs shall conform to
standards specified in the Manual of Uniform
Traffic Control Devices (Ontario Ministry of
Transportation).
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C-4 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
Urban Design Manual
Figure 1.1: Signage for Parking Structures
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2010 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards C-5
Urban Design Manual
• Information signs (entrance, exit, directional) and
regulatory signs (No Parking, Barrier Free
Parking, Fire Route) shall be clearly posted in well-
lit areas to enhance pedestrian and driver safety
and minimize confusion.
• Parking regulation and fee structure signs shall be
placed near entrances and/or at cashier booths.
• Colour-coding and unique graphics can help orient
users to locate parked vehicles quickly.
Design Criteria - Paint/Stain:
• All new or redeveloped parking structures shall
have the ceilings and walls painted or stainedwhite to enhance light reflection and brightness.
Design Criteria - Sight Lines:
• The garage shall be designed to minimize
obstructions to view. Glassed stairwells, elevator
lobbies and open ramps shall be used to enhance
visibility and minimize entrapment areas.
Design Criteria - Barrier Free Parking:
• Barrier free parking is to be supplied in all parking
garages as per the standards contained in Barrier
Free Accessibility, Section 5.0.
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C-6 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
Urban Design Manual
2.0
ACCESS TO ROADS
Definitions
Access – The means by which vehicles are providedwith ingress from a public or private property to theroadway.
Commercial access – Provided access to a propertybeing used other than for a residential use of six unitsor less or farm or field uses. A high volumecommercial access provides access to facilities whichgenerate higher volumes of automobile traffic and/orheavy truck traffic, i.e. shopping centre.
Non-commercial Access – A non-commercial accessis one providing access to a residential use of six unitsor less or to agricultural land, including field accesses.
Radius – The curved outer edge of an accessconnecting the throat to the curb line.
Low Speed Roadway – One with a posted speed limitof less than 70 km/h.
High Speed Roadway – One with a posted speed limitof equal to or greater than 70 km/h.
Throat Width – Is identified by the minimum widthdimension at the intersection of the radius with theparallel portion of the access.
Standards
The following chart indicates the number and locationof permitted accesses for City and Regional roads.
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2 0 1 0
C i t y of K i t c h en er U r b anD e s i gnM
an u al –P ar t C : D e s i gn S t an d ar d s
C -7
M
DfrASa
V
V
V
V
V
V
Minimum
Dimensionfrom AtGradeRailwayCrossing
(note 5)
8.0 m
8.0 m
13.0 m
13.0 m
150.0 m
150.0 m
Minimum
Dimensionfrom AdjacentHigh VolumeCommercialAccess
(note 4)
37.0 m
59.0 m
69.0 m
115.0 m
304.0 m
304.0 m
Minimum
Dimensionfrom AdjacentCommercialAccess
(note 4)
13.0 m
16.0 m
20.0 m
24.0 m
69.0 m
115.0 m
Minimum
Dimensionfrom AdjacentNon-CommercialAccess
(note 4)
7.0 m
8.0 m
13.0 m
16.0 m
37.0 m
59.0 m
Minimum
DimensionfromPedestrianSignals
(note 3)
33.0 m
N/A
65.0 m
N/A
300.0 m
N/A
Minimum
DimensionfromSignalizedIntersectingHighway
(note 2)
33.0 m
55.0 m
65.0 m
110.0 m
300.0 m
300.0 m
Minimum
Dimensionfrom Non-SignalizedIntersectingHighway
(note 2)
16.0 m
28.0 m
33.0 m
55.0 m
15.0 m
150.0 m
Number and Location of Access for City and Regional Roads
Number of
AccessAllowed
(note 1)
One
One
One
One
One
One
Notes:
1. Need must be demonstrated and approved where multiple accesses are requested2. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to property line abutting an intersecting highway3. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to centre of crosswalk.4. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to centreline of adjacent access5. Minimum dimension shall be measured from centreline of access to property line abutting railway right-of-way
F i g ur e 2 .1 : N um b e r an d L o c a t i on of A c c e s s P oi n t s
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C-8 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
Urban Design Manual
3.0
SURFACE PARKINGFACILITIES
Definitions
Parallel Parking – The arrangement of parking spacesin such a manner that the side of each vehicle isparallel to the travelled portion of the aisle or driveway.
Angle Parking – The arrangement of parking spaces insuch a manner that the side of the vehicle whenparked is at an angle to the travelled portion of theaisle, lane or driveway. Angle parking includes 90degree parking layouts.
Standards
Parking Areas:
• Slope of parking area and aisles – 0.5% minimum,
5% maximum.
• Driveways – maximum gradient of 10%.
Design Criteria - Street Entrances/Exits:
• Distance from signalized intersections – minimum
65 metres.
• Distance from unsignalized intersection –
minimum of 33 metres.
Design Criteria - Traffic Circulation:
In areas where traffic circulation may require guidancefor directional movement and where painted arrowsare not adequate to direct traffic safely or in anorganized manner for optimum site circulation, trafficsigns, delineators, markings or other traffic controlmeasures or devices will be required.
In commercial areas, right-of-ways connectingadjacent properties will be encouraged.
Design Criteria - Barrier Free Parking:
• Barrier free parking is to be supplied for all parking
facilities as per the standards provided in the
Barrier Free Accessibility section, Section 5.0.
Design Criteria - Parallel Parking:
• Width - 2.4 metres minimum
• Length - 6.7 metres minimum, except the first and
last space in any row, which may have a minimum
length of 5.5 metres provided it is located a
minimum of 1.5 metres from any intersecting road,
lane or obstruction.
• One-way Aisle Width - 3.7 metres minimum.
• Two-way Aisle Width - 6.1 metres minimum,
except where such aisle is designated as a fire
route in which case the Emergency Services
Policy shall govern.
• Where both parallel and angle parking are served
by one aisle, the minimum aisle width for angle
parking shall apply.
Figure 3.1: Parallel Parking Dimensions
Design Criteria - Angle Parking:
• The width of angle parking spaces shall not be
less than 2.6 metres. The length and standard
dimensions shall comply with the minimumstandards shown in the chart below.
• All aisles serving angle parking shall be restricted
to one way traffic with the exception of 90 degree
angle parking layouts.
• All angle parking spaces shall be plainly marked in
accordance with the approved site plan.
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2010 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards C-9
Urban Design Manual
Figure 3. 2: Angle Parking Dimensions
Angle Parking Dimensions:
AN0 W L A M C
90 2.6m 5.5m 7.3m* 18.3m 2.6m
85 2.6m 5.7m 6.7m 18.1m 2.6m
80 2.6m 5.9m 6.1m 17.8m 2.6m
75 2.6m 6.0m 5.8m 17.7m 2.7m
70 2.6m 6.0m 5.6m 17.7m 2.8m
65 2.6m 6.1m 5.5m 17.6m 2.9m
60 2.6m 6.0m 5.5m 17.6m 3.0m
55 2.6m 6.0m 4.6m 16.6m 3.2m
50 2.6m 5.9m 4.0m 15.8m 3.4m
45 2.6m 5.7m 3.4m 14.8m 3.7m
40 2.6m 5.5m 3.4m 14.4m 4.0m
Legend:
AN0
- Angle of Parking
W - Width of Stall
L - Length of Stall
A - Width of Aisle
M - Width of Parking Module
C - Stall Width Parallel to Aisle
* - 6.7 m for Single Parking Row
Design Criteria – Curbing:
• In industrial areas, poured concrete curbing is
required to define entrances and where required
by the Storm Water Management Scheme.
Curbing will also be required to maintain the
integrity of the pavement due to drainage or
grading concerns and along all passenger vehicle
parking and circulation routes. Driveways for truck
traffic will have poured concrete curbing to a
minimum of 3 metres behind the property line
and/or at the start of the turning radii behind the
property line, whichever is greater, only when the
street is curbed.
• In all other types of development continuouspoured concrete curbing (15 cm high) is required
in the following locations:
• Around traffic islands minimum of 2.6 metres
wide (measured from back face of curb to
back face of curb).
• Adjacent to vehicular parking stalls and
landscaped areas.
• Defining vehicular ingress and egress.
• Sidewalks adjacent to vehicular parking stalls
and internal traffic routes.
• Barrier free drop-off zones and parking spaces are
to be flush with the adjacent sidewalk.
Design Criteria - Surface Treatments:
Hot-mixed asphalt, concrete or equivalent is requiredfor all areas on site except:
• Portions of industrial sites which are behind the
front facade and are not used for passenger
vehicle parking or circulation.
• Parking lots for City parks use.
• Fire access routes as per the Ontario Building
Code.
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C-10 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
Urban Design Manual
Loading Docks and Vehicle Repair in the HuronBusiness Park:
• Loading/unloading areas and transfer areas shall
have asphalt or concrete surfacing together with acollection system to collect all oils, vehicle fuels or
spilt chemical products for all vehicle
servicing/repair and storage associated with
vehicles undergoing repair.
• The design and grading of all loading docks
should accommodate the anticipated size of truck
and required turning movements.
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2010 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards C-11
Urban Design Manual
4.0
OUTDOOR LIGHTING
Definitions
Footcandle -The standard used to specify themeasured intensity of lighting.
Glare - The discomfort or impairment of visionexperienced when parts of the visual field areexcessively bright in relation to general surroundings.
Disability Glare - Glare which impairs the ability to seedetail without necessarily causing visual discomfort.
Discomfort Glare - Glare which causes visual
discomfort without necessarily impairing the ability tosee detail.
Direct Glare - Glare caused when excessive brightlight sources in the visual field are seen directly, e.g.:lamps which are inadequately shielded.
Reflected Glare - A term used to describe variousvisual effects, such as reduction of contrast, discomfortor distraction, produced by reflection of light sources orother bright areas in glossy or semi-matt surfaces.
Illuminance - (Unit: Lux) The luminous flux density at a
surface i.e., the luminous flux incident per unit area.(This quantity was formerly known as the “illuminationvalue” or “illumination level”.) One Lux is equal to onelumen per square metre. One footcandle is equal toone lumen per square foot. One footcandle = 10.76Lux. Vertical illuminance is measured at 1.5 metresabove ground level.
Lumination Level - The minimum level of illuminationfor the specified area measured on a horizontal plane.
Luminance - The physical measure of stimulus whichproduces the sensation of luminosity (brightness) interms of the intensity of the light emitted in a givendirection (usually towards the observer) by unit area ofa self-luminous or transmitting or reflecting surface. Itis measured by the luminous intensity of the lightemitted or reflected in a given direction from a surfaceelement divided by the area of the element in thesame direction. The SI unit is the candela per squaremetre (cd/sq.m.)
Standards
Effective outdoor lighting improves visibility, increasessafety, provides security and enhances the City’snight-time environment. Improperly installed lightingcan be extraordinarily powerful and create problems ofexcessive glare, light trespass, high energy use andskyward light pollution.
This lighting standard recognizes the benefits ofoutdoor lighting and provides clear guidelines to helpmaintain and compliment the City of Kitchener’scharacter and contribute to the safety and security ofits citizens and visitors. It is intended to reduce theproblems associated with improperly designed andinstalled outdoor lighting.
Design Criteria - Glare Control:
Glare is excessive brightness that causes discomfortor impairment of vision. Outdoor lighting must beaimed, located, designed, fitted and maintained so asnot to present a hazard to drivers, pedestrians oradjacent users by impairing their visibility or create anuisance by projecting or reflecting objectionable lightonto neighbouring properties. All outdoor lightingequipment and fixtures shall be properly shielded anddirected downward. Lighting sources are not to bevisible from adjacent properties or on-site residential
units. Glare control must be achieved through the useof cutoff fixtures, shields and the appropriateapplication of the fixture mounting height, wattage,aiming angle and fixture placement.
Design Criteria - Light Pollution, Night SkyControls:
Light pollution is considered undesirable and manypeople feel that it reduces the enjoyment of the nightsky. Effective lighting systems must be designed toeliminate direct and indirect skyward lighting. The Cityof Kitchener requires the use of full cutoff luminaries
that direct no light above the horizontal plane. For allarea lighting, luminaries should be used and equippedwith devices for redirecting light such as shields, visorsor hoods.
Design Criteria - Light Trespass:
Light trespass is the unnecessary illumination ofadjacent property. The City of Kitchener requires that
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C-12 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
Urban Design Manual
the illumination levels at all property lines not exceed0.5 footcandles. Lighting complaints are frequentlydue to nuisance glare or excessive brightness in thenormal field of vision even though there may be no
measurable light at ground level, there is the complaintthat, “light is shining in my window.” Such concernscan be addressed by containing light within the designarea and carefully selecting, locating and mountingwell-shielded luminaires.
Design Criteria - Illuminance:
Illuminance determines the amount of light incident ona surface, measured in lux or footcandles. Illuminancelevels provide an effective method of measuring theperformance of a lighting design.
Illuminance uniformity is measured by the ratiosMaximum to Minimum and Average to Minimum.These ratios provide a measure of the consistency oflighting across a site and provide assurance that theilluminance is within a range that the human eye canproperly discern all objects in its field of view.
The following charts indicate the required illuminancelevels and uniformity ratios for various types of use.
Outdoor Parking Area Lighting Requirements forIndustrial, Commercial and Institutional:
MeasurementHorizontal
Illumination
(footcandles)
VerticalIllumination
(footcandles)
Minimum 0.5 0.5
Average 2.0 2.5
Maximum 7.5 10
Uniformity Horizontal Vertical
Maximum:Minimum 15:1 20:1
Average:Minimum 4:1 5:1
Gas Stations:
Light levels for gas stations should be adequate tofacilitate on-site activities without producing excessive
brightness. All light fixtures mounted on canopiesmust be recessed or flush with the bottom surface ofthe canopy. Areas away from the pumps used forparking or vehicle storage should be designed in
accordance with the Outdoor Parking Area LightingRequirements.
Area Around the Pump and Under the Canopy:
MeasurementHorizontal Illumination
(footcandles)
Minimum 5
Average 20
Maximum 25
Uniformity
Maximum:Minimum 5:1
Average:Minimum 4:1
Driveway and Laneways:
Measurement Illumination (footcandles)
Average Horizontal 0.5 – min. 0.2
Average Vertical 0.5 – min. 0.2
Uniformity
Maximum:Minimum 10:1
Car Dealership Lighting:
Automobiles are typically placed on display adjacent tothe roadway. The lighting of this area should meet theneeds of the business without producing excessivebrightness. The lighting should not compromisemotorists' visibility on the roadway or that of the
customer viewing the merchandise. The fixturesshould be placed between the roadway and themerchandise area such that cut-off and low-glareluminaries are aimed directly at the front row. Everyeffort should be made to minimize reflected glare off ofthe windshields.
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Car Dealership Display Areas:
Measurement
Display Areas
Adjacent to
Public Right-of-Way
All Other
Internal
DisplayAreas
Maximum
Horizontal
Illumination (fc)
20 10
Uniformity
Maximum:Minimum 5:1 10:1
Landscape, Façade and Sign Lighting:
Vertical surface illumination and accent lighting canprovide a sense of security and mitigate shadows andprovide important aesthetic benefits. All buildingfacades, landscaping and sign lighting should bedesigned to eliminate direct up lighting and preventglare onto neighbouring properties and roadways.
Submission Requirements for Outdoor LightingPlans:
For each site plan requiring the submission of anOutdoor Lighting Plan, all of the following must be
included to be accepted for review:
• Location of all buildings, structures, property lines,
parking, loading and amenity areas.
• Location of all lights, poles and transformer units.
• Illumination levels for all proposed fixtures
illustrating ISO footcandle curves at a maximum
interval of 0.50 footcandles.
• Power (in watts).
• Type of light source.
• Mounting height.
• Manufacturer’s catalogue information and detail of
the fixture.
• Pole foundation details.
• Full cutoff details.
• Shielding methods (where applicable).
• Aiming direction and angle of light source.
•
The identification of any light sources which wouldbe visible from 1.5 m elevation (above ground
level) at the property line.
• The following chart indicating illumination levels
and uniformity ratios as shown below:
Illumination Level
Measurement
Horizontal
Illumination
(footcandles)
Vertical
Illumination
(footcandles)
Minimum
Average
Maximum
Uniformity Ratios
Measurement Horizontal Vertical
Maximum:
Minimum
Average:
Minimum
• The following statement must be included on the
Outdoor Lighting Plan and signed by the design
professional responsible for the plan:
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C-14 City of Kitchener Urban Design Manual – Part C: Design Standards 2010
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• For a final submission, five copies of the Outdoor
Lighting Plan, folded to legal size or smaller are
required.
• The outdoor lighting design professionals are
responsible for ensuring no additional outdoor
lights are planned for the project or are illustrated
on other drawings (such as electrical drawings
showing wall pack lighting attached to the
building).
Design Criteria - Design and Maintenance:
All approved outdoor lighting is to be maintainedfor the life of the proposed development.
• NOTE: Variations from the standards shown may
be appropriate in some situations, provided that it
can be demonstrated through the preparation of a
comprehensive lighting design strategy having
clear objectives and a demonstration of how the
proposed design meets the intent of these design
guidelines and the goals and objectives found in
Part A of the Urban Design Manual.
This drawing indicates all existing and proposed
outdoor lighting fixtures for this development. The
proposed lighting distribution pattern will not cause
veiling luminance (disability glare) and there will be no
significant encroachment of light (0.5 footcandles or
greater) or objectionable glare upon any adjacent
property. Visibility of the proposed light sources from
any nearby residential sites has been minimized so as
not to create a nuisance.
Signature of Design Professional
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5.0
BARRIER FREEACCESSIBILITY
Definitions
Barrier Free Access refers to the continuousunobstructed access, connecting all elements andspaces of a building or facility. Exterior accessibleroutes may include parking access aisles, ramps,crosswalks at vehicular ways and barrier freeaccessible doorways at all entrances and exits.
Standards
These standards have been developed to ensure thatbarrier free access is provided for all newdevelopments and redeveloped sites. The Cities ofKitchener and Waterloo are committed to promotingand encouraging developments that are designed forall users. These guidelines were originally developedby the K-W Barrier Free Advisory Committee, who hasprovided preferred dimensions based on their personalworking experiences.
Designated Parking Requirements:
Designated surface parking spaces shall be providedfor use by persons with disabilities in parking lotsassociated with all public facilities and in parking areasserving residential, commercial, industrial andinstitutional developments. Hospitals and medicalcentres will be required to have additional designatedparking facilities.
Design Criteria:
Designated barrier free parking spaces for persons
with disabilities shall be provided at the following rates:
• Industrial – 1 space per 100 total parking spaces.
• Residential, Commercial or Institutional - 1 per 50.
• Hospital and Medical Centre - 1 per 20.
Right Angle and Parallel Parking Space Size:
Right-angle parking spaces – minimum width: 5.2 m,minimum length: 5.5 m.
Where right angle parking is proposed in multiples oftwo, the designated parking space may be reduced to3.9 m in width (see Figure 5.3).
Parallel parking spaces - minimum length of 6.7 m andminimum width of 3.9 m when adjacent to a flushcurb/sidewalk (adjacent sidewalk is to be a minimumwidth of 1.8 m).
Designated barrier free parking must be designed toachieve the following criteria:
• Adjacent to the barrier free entrance(s) of each
building and connecting with the barrier free path
of travel.
• Provide sufficient clearance around vehicles, light
standards and site furnishings.
• Located away from designated fire routes,
intersections or commercial loading zones.
• Located such that persons do not need to travel
behind parked vehicles.
• For shopping malls, large complexes or where
multiple buildings exist on a site, the required
number of designated spaces should be evenly
distributed to ensure available parking at all public
entrances.
• The entrance nearest the designated parking
spaces must be equipped with a power door
operator.
• Located as close as possible to a required
passenger elevator.
•
Provide a minimum vertical clearance of 2.75 m(see Figure 5.1).
• Asphalt within designated parking spaces should
be benched / ramped flush with the adjacent curb
or sidewalk.
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Figure 5.1: Vertical clearance at passenger loading zone
• Provide a level, non-slip, non-glare, textured, hard
surface.
• Designated parking space(s) are to be paintedwith the international symbol of accessibility. The
symbol shall be painted with yellow solvent-based
traffic paint on a minimum 1.5 m x 1.5 m blue
solvent-based traffic paint background.
• Landscaping and other design features shall be
used to prevent vehicles from protruding over
barrier free paths of travel
• Incorporate required designated parking signage
1.2 m above grade, 0.6 – 2.0 m from curb edge, or
on a building face within 2.0 m of curb. Signsmounted on moveable bases are unacceptable
(see Figure 5.4).
• Ensure that signage does not obstruct pedestrian
flow to adjacent areas.
• Provide directional signage in large parking areas
or for hidden parking spaces (see Figure 5.2).
• Signage may be obtained through the City of
Kitchener Transportation Division (519) 741-2371.
Figure 5.2: Sign pointing to designated parking spaces
for persons with disabilities
Figure 5.3: Sign Location for Multiple Parking Bays
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Designated Interior Parking Space Requirements:
• Where indoor parking facilities are provided,
designated parking spaces for persons with
disabilities must be provided on at least oneparking level with barrier free access to the
passenger elevator lobby through a door equipped
with a power door operator. The designated
spaces should be located as close as possible to
the barrier-free accessible elevator and have a
vertical clearance of 2.75m for use with personal
modified vans (see Figure 5.1).
Passenger Loading Areas:
Pedestrian loading areas or drop-off zones should beprovided at all main barrier-free entrances and connectwith the barrier-free path of travel. See Figures 5.4 and5.5. Pedestrian loading areas or drop-off zones mustbe designed to achieve the following:
Design Criteria:
• Minimum dimensions of 5.2 m width and 7.0 m
length. Where the passenger loading area is
adjacent to a flush grade sidewalk, the width of the
loading space may be decreased to 3.9 m (see
Figure 5.5).• A minimum vertical clearance of 2.75 m (see
Figure 5.1).
• Passenger loading areas must be visible from the
main barrier-free entrances and provide benches
or seating to the side of pedestrian routes so that
persons can see and be seen while waiting to be
picked up or dropped off.
• Located so that persons do not need to travel
behind parked cars and/or across a traffic lane.
• Located away from designated fire routes,
intersections or commercial loading zones.
• At building entrances, overhead protection such as
canopies or other structures shall be provided
where possible and have a vertical clearance of
2.75 m to allow for specialized transit use.
• Provide a level, non-slip, non-glare, textured, hard
surface having a slope of between 1% and 3%.
• Identify passenger loading areas with proper
signage so that motorists are not confused withparallel parking spaces.
• Provide directional signage in large parking areas
or for hidden passenger loading areas (see
Figures 5.2).
Note: Also see the Ontario Building Code for fire
access route design requirements.
Figure 5.4: Sign Indicating Parking Spaces for Persons
with Disabilities
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Figure 5.5: Passenger Drop-off and Entrances – Minimum Standards
Figure 5.6: Building Entrance, Parking and Drop-off Standards
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Sidewalks:
Sidewalks also refer to walkways and pathways for
this document. Sidewalks, curbs and grading are tobe designed in a manner that provides maximumassistance for persons with mobility disabilities withoutcreating hazards for persons who are visuallyimpaired.
Ensure that all grading of the barrier-free path of travelis less than 5% and that the landing areas adjacent tocurbs do not exceed 2% in any direction. Alltransitional grade changes on sidewalk areas shall beless than 3% wherever possible (see Figure 5.7).The minimum width for a sidewalk is 1.5 m. Thisallows enough width for two people in wheelchairs to
pass and also for the piling of snow along the edgeswithout obstructing pedestrian traffic flows during thewinter months.
Sidewalks must be designed to achieve the following:
Design Criteria:
• Provide barrier-free walkways between all barrier-
free entrances, parking, passenger loading areas,
municipal sidewalks and outdoor amenities i.e.
telephone seating areas, playgrounds, parks.
• Be a minimum of 1.5m in width and provide
sufficient additional space to accommodate
expected site furnishings, equipment and signage
so as not to restrict the required clear path of
travel.
• Where two sidewalks meet, they shall meet at the
same grade (i.e. no steps).
• Continuous slope shall be between 0% and <5%
with a cross-slope between 1% and 2%.
• Eliminate or minimize cross-slope on walkways
where the grade is greater than 3%.
• Where sidewalks have a slope of between 2% -
and 5%, provide level resting areas every 30 m.
• Rest areas are to be a minimum of 1.8 m wide and
2.2 m long.
• Slopes greater than 5% must be designed as a
ramp with handrails on both side (see Figure 5.9).
• Provide non-slip, non-glare surfaces for sidewalks.
Do not include exposed aggregates or ridgeswhich allow water or ice accumulation; poured in
place concrete with a broom finish perpendicular
to the path of travel (preferred) or asphalt.
• Provide textured surface at key locations (sidewalk
edges, road intersections) to indicate changes in
the path of travel.
• Flush curbs are required at all intersecting
roadways.
• Asphalt within parking areas must be benched /
ramped flush with the adjacent curb or sidewalk
• Where barrier free parking spaces or loading
zones are provided not immediately adjacent to a
main entrance, flush curbs must be provided along
the barrier free path of travel.
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Figure 5.7: Sidewalk Grades and Flush Curbs
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Ramps:
In circumstances where there is a grade change of 5%
or greater, ramps with handrails are necessary toensure a barrier-free path of travel. Ramps must belocated as close as possible to the most direct barrier-free path of travel and designed in a manner whichcompliments the overall design of the building and site.
Ramps must be designed to achieve the following:
Design Criteria:
• Ramps shall have a maximum internal clear width
of 1.1 m.
• Provide a level area at the top and bottom of aramp of at least 1.67m x 1.67 m.
• If a door is provided, the landing shall be extended
at least 0.6 m beyond the latch of the door
opening.
• Provide a minimum vertical clearance of 2.1 m.
• Avoid obstacles intruding into ramps (i.e. sandwich
board signs, overhanging shrubs/trees, etc.).
• Preferred maximum slope of 6%.
• Provide handrails on both sides of ramps.
• A handrail is always required at an elevation
change of 0.6 m.
• Provide landings where there is an abrupt change
in direction and at intervals not more than 9 m
along the horizontal length of the ramp (see Figure
5.9).
• Provide non-slip, non-glare surfaces. Do not
include aggregate or ridges which allow water or
ice accumulation.• Provide poured in place concrete (preferred),
asphalt or wood.
• Poured in place concrete ramps should have a
broom finish which is perpendicular to the path of
travel.
• Surfaces of ramps that form a barrier-free path of
travel shall have no opening that will permit the
passage of a sphere more than 13 mm in diameter
(see Figure 5.8) and shall have a slip-resistant,continuous and even surface.
• Provide colour and texture contrast at the top and
bottom of ramps.
• Ramps and landings which are not at grade or
adjacent to a wall shall have protected edges,
possibly combined with the railing design.
Figure 5.8: Grate Openings
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Figure 5.9: Ramp Design
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Steps:
In circumstances where there is a change in grade,steps are often necessary. In such instances the stepsshould be located as close as possible andperpendicular to the most direct barrier-free path oftravel. The stairs should be designed in a mannerwhich compliments the overall design of the buildingand its site.
Design Criteria:
• Provide a minimum clear width of 1.8 m.
• Treads and risers shall have a uniform rise and
run throughout a flight of steps. Rise shall be a
minimum of 125 mm and a maximum of 200 mm.Run shall be a minimum of 255 mm and a
maximum of 355 mm.
• Flights of steps should not exceed 1.5 m in height
between changes in level without a landing.
• Provide a minimum vertical clearance of 2.1 m.
• A cross-slope of 1% is recommended to ensure
that steps are well drained and do not allow ice
formation.
•
Provide a level non-slip, non-glare textured, hardsurface. Do not include exposed aggregate or
ridges which allow water or ice accumulation.
• Provide poured in place concrete (preferred),
wood or concrete pavers. Poured in place
concrete steps should have a broom finish which
is perpendicular to the path of travel.
• Provide colour and texture contrast at the top and
bottom of flights of stairs and on stair nosings.
(See Figure 5.10) Use a colour/lightness
contrasted strip, a maximum of 50 mm deep on
the leading edge on the tread and vertical face of
the nosing. Steps must be illuminated to a
minimum level of 10 foot candles.
Figure 5.10: Stair Design
• Nosing should not project. If a ‘shadow line’ is
proposed for decorative purposes, it should not
have a height exceeding 12 mm or a radius
exceeding 13 mm (See Figure 5.11).
Handrails:
Handrails are common site elements and should beprovided on both sides of ramps and stairways andmust be designed to achieve the following:
Design Criteria:
• Handrails should be provided at a height between
865 mm and 965 mm as measured vertically from
a line drawn through the surface of the ramp.
• At facilities used by children, a lower set of
handrails with a recommended height of 600 - 700
mm should be provided. Where handrails are
used extensively by both young users and adults,
a double set of handrails is suggested.
• Handrails should be a minimum 30 mm indiameter and a maximum of 40 mm.
• Provide a clearance between every handrail and
any wall to which it is fastened. Minimum
clearance is 40 mm, preferred 60 mm (see Figure
5.12).
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Figure 5.11: Stair Tread and Nosing Design
Figure 5.12: Handrail Design
• Extend horizontally not less than 300 mm beyondthe top and bottom of the ramp or stairway and
curve to the wall or post (see Figure 5.13).
• A minimum clearance of 1 m is required between
handrails.
• Handrails must terminate in a manner which will
not obstruct pedestrian travel or create a hazard
(see Figure 5.13).
Figure 5.13: Handrail Extensions
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Entrances and Automated Door Activators:
All main barrier-free entrances must be locatedprominently and designed to achieve the following:
Design Criteria:
• A textured floor surface should be provided on
both sides of doorways to alert those with visual
impairment.
• Barrier-free entrances should be sheltered from
the elements and located adjacent to designated
parking and passenger loading areas.
• Grade level fire doors and exits must be
accessible and connect directly with accessible
exterior, as well as interior circulation routes.
• Door openings should have a minimum clearance
width of 915 mm, with the door in the open
position (door handles, push bars, etc. must not
intrude into the clearance).
• Thresholds are strongly discouraged. If required,
a threshold should be colour/brightness contrasted
and be a maximum of 13 mm in height.
• Automatic door activators must be provided to
allow persons with a disability, parents withchildren, shoppers with full hands and people with
strength limitations easy access and exit.
• Automatic doors may be activated with either a
motion sensor, pressure plate or push button.
• Motion sensors are the preferred automatic door
activators. They should allow a minimum of 15
seconds before closing from a fully open position
(see Figure 5.14).
• Pressure plates should extend beyond the full
swing of swinging doors in a manner which doesnot require persons using wheelchairs or scooters
to back up.
• Large expanses of clear glass near entrances
must be marked with a colour/brightness
contrasted, continuous strip 100 mm wide, 1350
mm from the finished floor.
Figure 5.14: Motion Sensor Detector Zones
• Transitional illumination between exterior and
interior lighting conditions must be provided for
both day and night use.
• Doors and door frames should be
colour/brightness contrasted from surroundings.
Door edges and jambs should not be excessively
sharp.
• Where possible, entranceways should be covered
to keep snow, ice and rain off the front
entranceway platform.
• Push buttons to activate doors should be placed750 mm above grade on a wall, post or handrail in
a manner, which does not create pedestrian/door
conflicts. Push buttons should be able to be
located by vision or touch and be a minimum of
900 mm in front of the door(s). Push buttons
should be large square or round plates, at least
100 mm in diameter, with maximum colour
contrast for good visibility.
• All automatic doors should be integrated into an
emergency backup system.
• Automatic doors should be of lightweight
construction and easy to open in the event of a
power failure.
• Automatic swing doors require guardrails on both
sides if opening towards the operator. Guardrails
should have a second rail not more than 680 mm
above grade and a rail or kick plate not more than
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75 mm above grade (see Figure 5.15) Guardrails
are to be colour contrasted to surrounding area.
Figure 5.15: Required Guards at Out-swing
• Automatic swing doors must have sensing devices
to stop and/or slow door movements when an
obstruction is encountered in the path of the swing
door.
• Signage (i.e. international symbol of accessibility
for persons with disabilities) must identify all public
use accessible doors. It should be placed in a
prominent location indoors and outdoors,
preferably on both sides of the door(s), at a height
of 1.2 m to 1.5 m and be a minimum of 125 mm in
diameter.
Amenities:
Amenities such as waiting and rest areas,playgrounds, picnic areas, paths and trails are to beconstructed so that all users can equally utilizefacilities and be designed to achieve the following:
Design Criteria:
• Waiting and rest areas should be provided at
regular intervals of 90 metres along barrier free
paths of travel, as well as at drop off areas, bus
stops and telephone booths.
• Benches should be a minimum length of 1200 mm
and provide a space 1000 mm wide and 1200 mm
deep beside each bench for wheelchair or scooter
users (see Figure 5.16).
• Refuse and recycling receptacles should be
provided at appropriate waiting/rest areas.
• Gates and doorways are to be a minimum of 920
mm in width and should not occur at corners, turns
or congested areas.
Figure 5.16: Waiting and Rest Area
• Playground equipment should be designed to
provide barrier-free opportunities that encourage
use by all children. Similarly, surfacing materials
should provide adequate cushioning abilities and
allow barrier-free travel.
• All playground equipment must be approved by
the latest edition of the Canadian Standards
Association (CSA).
•
Play areas for children in public spaces must beaccessible to all children and their parents or care
givers. Whereas it may not be possible to have
complete accessibility to every item and piece of
play equipment in the play area, the play needs of
all children must be considered and design of play
areas must ensure access for both adults and
children in the play area.
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• When designing inclusive play areas, careful
consideration is to be given to barrier-free access
from the street into the play area and the
availability of rest stations and seatingopportunities.
• In water play areas, avoid tripping edges and
raised curbs to allow access by people using
mobility devices and use by children and adults
with visual impairments. Utilize colour/brightness
contrast.
• In water play areas, water-flow control devices
must be designed to be controlled, manipulated
and easily reached by preschool children and
children with disabilities.• Pathways should be free of joints that may cause
tripping or the “washboard” effect on mobility
devices such as manual and electric wheelchairs
or scooters. Joints should be flush, light and as
short as possible.
• Acceptable pathway surfaces that do not soften
with heat or moisture include:
• HL3 asphalt
• Concrete
• Well-compacted stone dust
• Consideration should be given to adult care givers
who may also be persons with disabilities.
• A minimum of 2 or at least 10% of picnic areas
within a site must be accessible.
• An accessible approach to the picnic area must be
provided from an accessible parking space.
• A hard surfaced path connecting the parking
space to the picnic areas and to other facilities (i.e.washrooms, water etc.) should be provided.
• Picnic sites should be within 30 metres of
accessible washroom facilities.
• Accessible picnic tables should be on hard, level,
well-drained surfaces. The bottom edge of the
table top must be no lower than 680 mm above
ground level.
• Trails should be a minimum of 3000 mm wide.
• Slopes are to be between 0% to 4% wherever
possible with a cross-slope between 1% and 2%.
• Slopes greater than 5% should be designed as a
ramp.
• Where paths and trails are sloped 3% to 5%,
provide level resting areas every 30 metres.
Resting areas are to be designed according to
Figure 5.16.
• Provide a continuous, hard, stable, non-slip, non-
glare surface. It is recognized that in naturalareas, softer surface materials such as limestone
screenings are acceptable. Other acceptable
materials include asphalt, concrete and wood
decking (boards to be perpendicular to the
direction of travel with spacing not exceeding 13
mm).
• Provide colour and texture contrast or a hand rail
to define path/trail edges and intersections,
changes in direction, building entrances, road
intersections and curb ramps .
• Appropriate signage must be provided.
Acknowledgements/Resources:
• Queen’s University at Kingston
• City of North York
• City of Peterborough
• Alberta Transportation and Utilities
• C.N.I.B. (Canadian National Institute for the Blind)
• Ontario Building Code
• Canadian Standards Association
• City of Mississauga
• K-W Barrier-Free Advisory Committee
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Figure 5.17: International Symbols of Accessibility
InternationalSymbol of
Accessibility forDisabled
InternationalSymbol of
Accessibility for
Visually Impaired
InternationalSymbol of
Accessibility for
Hearing Impaired
International Symbol of Accessibilitycombined with Service Identification Signs
indicate those facilities which are accessible
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6.0
PEDESTRIAN ANDTRANSIT SUPPORTIVE
DEVELOPMENTIt is important for all forms of urban development andredevelopment to be made more accessible by publictransit. The design of our urban areas has a significantimpact on people’s ability/willingness to use publictransit. While the development of high intensity, mixeduse development at nodes and along corridors makestransit use more attractive, there needs to be transitand pedestrian orientations on the streets which feedthose transit services.
Both the City of Kitchener and the RegionalMunicipality of Waterloo have sidewalk policies whichmay require either the installation of or the contributionof funds towards the construction of public sidewalksacross the frontage of property subject to adevelopment proposal. Please see current City andRegional policies for criteria and Engineering staff forcurrent rates.
Grand River Transit staff should be contacted in theearly stages of development to discuss what potentialroutings would be considered appropriate.
Standards
Arterial and Collector Roads are to be designedto be:
• Continuous across neighbourhoods, i.e. grid
pattern.
• As straight and direct as possible.
• A maximum of 800 metres apart
• Accommodate transit vehicles, including:
• A minimum turning curve radius for a bus of
15 metres.
• A minimum paved road surface of 9 metres.
• A maximum road grade of 5%, (this standard
may not be achievable in all locations).
• Accommodate all pedestrians by:
• Designing barrier free intersections and barrier
free transit stops.
• Ensuring a maximum distance of 200m to
250M between intersections.
• Having sufficient, protected barrier free
pedestrian crossing points (signalized
intersections and crosswalks) where warrant
criteria have been met.
• Eliminating reverse-lotted development.
• Orienting buildings to the street and to
pedestrian traffic.
• Locating buildings as close to the street as
possible.
• Locating parking lots in the rear or side yards
of development sites.
• Providing higher density and mixed uses along
arterial roads.
• Improving access between arterial roads and
internal subdivisions by providing more local
road access and midblock pedestrian
walkways.
•
Providing sidewalks in accordance with Citypolicy.
• Supportive of the efficient design of transit routes
by:
• Avoiding one way street systems.
• Avoiding bus bays.
• Providing a temporary bus turnaround at the
end of partially constructed roads.
• Ensuring that intersections of local roads are
spaced no more than 200 – 250 metres apart.
• Spacing bus stops 200 – 250 metres apart.
• Constructing collector and arterial roads with
standards for surface and subsurface
materials and depths that meet the needs for
bus traffic.
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Nodes and Corridors are to be designed in thefollowing manner:
• Develop compact pedestrian oriented nodes that
allow for the ease of use and access to transit by:
• Designing building entrances to be oriented
towards transit stops.
• Designing arterial and collector roads to travel
directly into the interior of the nodes, allowing
transfers between transit routes where
appropriate.
• Development should be oriented toward the street
and include:
•
Location of buildings as close to the street aspossible.
• Location of parking lots in the rear or side
yards of development sites.
• Minimizing the number of mid-block vehicular
access points that cross sidewalks.
• Minimizing long stretches of walls, berms or
solid fences along public roadways.
• Develop barrier free, pedestrian-supportive
amenities along streets as follows:
• Locate retail stores, service shops and
restaurants at ground floor level.
• Provide amenities to improve the microclimate
along streets with features such as: canopies,
arcades and landscaping.
• Provide sidewalks sufficiently wide to
accommodate bus shelters and waiting areas,
street tree planters, through pedestrian traffic,
and an area adjacent to buildings to allow for
“window shopping”.
• Sidewalk ramps and curb ramps are to be
constructed as outlined in Section 5.0.
Shopping Centres with transit facilities are to bedesigned to:
• Facilitate barrier free pedestrian access and future
intensification.
• Have at least one building face or the main
entrance adjacent to an arterial road.
• Have barrier free pedestrian access from the
public sidewalk to the main building entrance.
• Have on-site lighting to maximize pedestrian
safety.
• Provide pedestrian connections between
buildings.
Subdivisions are to be designed to:
• Facilitate barrier free pedestrian access to transit
stops.
• Provide sidewalks along both sides of transit
routes and according to the City Sidewalk Policy.
• Provide curb cuts at all intersections and
walkways including mid-block crosswalks and trail
crossings (where safe and appropriate).
•
Have barrier free pedestrian links to transit stopsprovided in either concrete or asphalt.
• Have the local road pattern provide direct
pedestrian access to transit stops and transfer
points.
• Provide for pedestrian safety and natural
surveillance of pedestrian links to transit stops
ensuring adequate lighting and year round
maintenance.
• Have 95% of the residences, jobs and other
activities / uses within 450 m walking distance of atransit stop.
• Have all multiple dwelling units (housing at a
triplex level and up) be within 300 metres walking
distance of a transit stop.
• Integrate neighbourhood features and public
spaces with bus stop locations.
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Transit Stop Waiting Areas and Shelters are to bedesigned to:
• Provide direct, convenient and barrier free
connection from the sidewalk to the shelter/waitingarea and to the bus loading and unloading doors.
• Provide sufficient lighting to allow for pedestrian
safety, surveillance and adequate site lines.
• Maintain adequate distance to adjacent streets
and driveways.
Figure 6.1: Typical Nearside Transit Stop
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Figure 6.2: Typical Farside Transit Stop
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7.0SCREEING OFMECHANICAL AND
ROOFTOP EQUIPMENT
This section outlines the requirements for thescreening of ground-based and rooftop equipment.The primary goals of the guidelines are to provide forthe full screening of equipment from public view and toensure that screening methods contribute to thebuilding design and streetscape.
Definitions
Mechanical equipment – Includes heating, ventilation,and air-conditioning units; compressors; pumps; and
other similar powered mechanical equipment.
Non-mechanical equipment – Includes flues; vents;hoods; satellite dishes; communications equipment;elevator and stair penthouses; access ladders; andother similar non-powered equipment.
Roof well – An open pit sunk below a building’s roofsurface.
Parapet – The portion of an exterior building wallextended above the roofline.
Screening wall – An independent screen, separatefrom a building wall.
Standards
Site Plan Requirements:
• The locations and dimensions of all rooftop
equipment must be shown on building elevation
drawings.
• Proposed methods of screening should be
provided. If independent or integrated screens are
proposed, material and construction details should
be provided.
• Sight line diagrams are required with building
elevations. Diagrams should show multiple views
to proposed rooftop mechanical equipment from a
1.7 m height at the curb of the opposite side of the
road from the property. Additionally, sight lines
from the front or rear face of any surrounding
residential properties should be provided. Views
approaching the property along all public roads
should be illustrated and take into account gradechanges. For properties in low lying areas,
screening options integrated into the roof design
may be necessary.
Figure 7.1: Locating this building’s rooftop equipment
away from the street and incorporating a continuous
parapet helps block the equipment from public view.
Design Criteria:
• Buildings abutting residential properties or located
on corner lots, at the termination of view axes, or
at other prominent locations will be subject to
higher rooftop equipment screening standards.
• Buildings shall have all rooftop mechanical
equipment screened from the view of vehicular
traffic.
Figure 7.2: Rooftop equipment on this building is
clustered near the centre of the roof, away from the
street and other public spaces
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• Rooftop equipment should be clustered and
located near the centre of the roof to minimize
visual exposure.
• The preferred rooftop equipment screeningmethods are roof wells, continuous parapets, or
articulated rooflines. If these methods are not
possible or appropriate, other methods, such as
partial parapets, screening walls, or dedicated
rooftop equipment rooms, may be used.
Figure 7.3: Rooftop equipment screening methods used
on this building include parapets, an articulated
roofline, and centralized location of equipment.
• Rooftop equipment and equipment screening
should be integrated with the building form and
shall complement the building’s design, materials,
colours, and architectural style.
• The back sides of parapets, screening walls, and
raised rooflines should be coloured the same as
the front side when visible from public view.
Figure 7.4: Rooftop mechanical equipment for this
building is hidden by a screening wall that is integrated
with the building design. The screening also articulates
the roof elevation.
Design Criteria for Various Building Types:
• For low-rise buildings (3 storeys or less), rooftop
mechanical equipment shall be fully screened.
Figure 7.5: The peaked roof of this low-rise buildingscreens all rooftop equipment and helps define the
intersection where the building is situated.
• For all mid-rise (4-8 storeys) and high-rise (above
8 storeys) buildings, rooftop mechanical
equipment shall be fully screened from the public
view at street level.
• Rooftop equipment screening for mid-rise and
high-rise buildings shall contribute to an attractive
skyline and the view from surrounding mid- and
high-rise buildings must be considered.
• Large mechanical equipment, including
refrigeration units for commercial, institutional and
recreational buildings should be incorporated into
the building design or, alternatively, screened with
the appropriate materials.
• Significant heritage buildings shall have all rooftop
equipment fully screened and/or integrated into
the building in a way that respects and
complements the building’s heritage and
architectural features.
• Civic buildings shall have all rooftop mechanical
equipment fully integrated into building design.
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Figure 7.6: The sloped roof of this civic building fully
screens rooftop mechanical equipment and creates an
attractive roofline.
• Commercial buildings including gas stations shall
have all rooftop mechanical equipment fully
screened. Parapets, detailed cornices, and/or
articulated rooflines that enhance the building
design should be incorporated, particularly for gas
stations located at major intersections.
Figure 7.7: The rooftop equipment on this corner gas
station is not screened and is visible from public view.
Figure 7.8: Although the rooftop equipment on this gas
station is fully screened with materials matching the
building, the enclosure is not well-integrated with the
building form.
Figure 7.9: The articulated roofline on this gas station
and car wash fully screens rooftop mechanical
equipment and helps create an attractive building
design.
Design Criteria for Screening Ground-basedMechanical and Non-mechanical Equipment:
• The location of all ground-based mechanical and
non-mechanical equipment must be illustrated on
the landscape plan and, if fencing is required, also
on the site plan.
• Many types of ground based equipment will
require appropriate screening not only to addressviews into the site from the public realm but also to
provide a buffer between uses within the site e.g.
screening communal ground-based air conditioner
units from private amenity spaces.
• Solar panels and similar equipment are not subject
to screening requirements.
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8.0
PRIVATE STREETNAMING AND
ADDRESSING
Naming of roadways within, for example, privateresidential or commercial developments may be in thein the interest of providing clear locational informationto emergency service providers and the general public.Private roadway naming requests may be permittedand will be evaluated on a case by case basis at thediscretion of the City’s General Manager ofDevelopment and Technical Services.
Design Criteria for the Naming of Private Streets:
The policies which apply to the naming and addressingof City streets will be used as a guideline for namingand addressing of private roadways – see CouncilPolicy I-1147 Street Naming, Addressing, Multiple UnitIdentification Signs, Address / Street Name Change.
A reference plan illustrating the extents of theproposed private roads and a by-law authorizing theroad naming will be required. The design and locationof all signage for any proposed private roadway will beto the satisfaction of the City’s Director ofTransportation and the City’s Supervisor of Site PlanDevelopment and at the sole expense of the
developer.
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9.0
EMERGENCY SERVICEPOLICY – FIRE FLOW
ANALYSIS REPORT,FIRE ROUTE PLAN,MULTIPLE UNITIDENTIFICATION
The City of Kitchener has a Council approvedEmergency Services Policy in place which addressessuch issues related to site development as standardsfor fire access routes, criteria for determining sufficientwater supply and specifications for multiple unitidentification signage. This policy is available on the
City of Kitchener website or through the Department ofDevelopment and Technical Services
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10.0
MULTIPLE
RESIDENTIAL
Definitions
Cluster Townhouse – means a multiple dwellingdivided vertically into three or more townhouses bycommon walls which prevent internal access betweenunits. This shall not include a street townhouse.
Multiple Residential – a building containing three ormore dwelling units.
Standards
Lot and Building Dimensions:
Design Criteria:
The following dimensions are standards for clustertownhouse and multiple residential developments(letters refer to corresponding dimensions on Figure10.1):
• Rear yard depth - minimum 7.5 metres 1 and 2
storey 10.0 m for more than 2 storeys exposed.(A)
• Exclusive use of patio area - minimum 11.0 square
metres, including patios and decks but not
including stairs. (B)
• Front yard depth - minimum 4.5 metres (from curb
or walkway edge). (C)
• Driveway length - minimum 5.5 metres (between
garage and curb or walkway edge). (D)
• Sidewalk - minimum width of 1.5 metres - 1.8
metres where parking is adjacent. Sidewalks shall
be required along at least one side and possibly
both sides of the internal road pattern and be fully
accessible with flush curbs provided at all corners
and crossing points throughout the development
and leading to the municipal sidewalk. (E)
• Separation distance between end of building and
rear wall of closest adjacent building - minimum
10.0 metres. (F)
• Separation distance between buildings - minimum3.0 metres. (G)
• Separation distance between the end of buildings
where walkways are located between - minimum
4.8 metres. (H)
• Separation distance between end of building block
having windows to habitable rooms and parking
areas - minimum 6.0 metres, and 1.5 metres
where there is no opening or window to habitable
room. (I)
• Roadway width for multiple residential and cluster
townhouse projects - minimum 6.1 metres two way
traffic, minimum 3.66 meters one way traffic. For
these roadways a minimum centerline radius of
12.0m is required to accommodate emergency
vehicles (J)
• Setback to rear property line for each unit having a
deck height 0.6 m and greater - minimum 4.0
metres. (K)
• Setback to rear property line for each unit having a
deck height less than 0.6m - minimum 1.5 metres.
(L)
• Side yard setback between end of building and
curb or walkway - minimum 3.0 metres. (M)
• The preferred number of dwelling units should
range between 4-6 units within a block. Additional
units to a maximum of 8 units per block may be
considered subject to providing appropriate
enhanced design details. (N)
•
Increase rear yard set-back to 10 metres for 3storey units backing onto single detached
properties.
Refer to the following diagram illustrating thespecifications for designing cluster townhousedevelopments.
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Figure 10.1: Required Dimensions for Cluster Townhouse Development
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11.0
OUTDOOR AMENITYAREAS - MULTIPLE
RESIDENTIAL ANDINSTITUTIONALDEVELOPMENTS
Standards
An outdoor amenity area shall be provided for allresidential and institutional developments having aresidential component that contains more than either20 residents or 20 dwelling units and provide aminimum of 2.0 square metres of common outdooramenity space at ground level for either each resident
or each dwelling unit.
Notwithstanding the above, each residential orinstitutional development having a residentialcomponent shall have a minimum of 40.0 squaremetres of outdoor amenity area.
Amenity Areas:
Design Criteria:
• Outdoor amenity areas are to be in close
proximity, and have visual and barrier free accessto an interior common room(s) and barrier free
washroom(s) for easy access, safety and security.
• Provide amenity areas adjacent to a street where
appropriate and within reasonable noise levels to
allow for viewing of street activities and natural
surveillance.
• Provide a balance of sun, shade and shelter from
the wind.
• Locate away from loading or service areas of the
building.
• Provide a barrier-free walkway connection to all
ground level entrances including fire exits.
• Provide a variety of seating arrangements and
activities.
• Provide adequate site lighting.
• Provide a usable configuration for the amenity
area.
• Provide a defined pedestrian access to the
amenity area to ensure safety from vehiculartraffic.
• Provide barrier free parking for residents and
visitors adjacent to an accessible entrance.
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12.0
OUTDOOR PLAYAREAS FOR
CHILDREN
Definitions
Play Space – An area at ground level which must beset aside and developed within a site as a coherentpart of the multiple residential development. A playspace is used by toddlers and preschoolers (tot lot)and school-age children (play area), and teens (hardsurface court). Barrier free play spaces should be on-site, easily accessible to user groups and be separatefrom City parks and sports facilities.
Standards
Play Space Requirements:
Design Criteria:
Where outdoor play space is proposed for a multipleresidential development containing more than 20dwelling units, the area and the play space must bebarrier free accessible. A minimum of 2.5 squaremetres of outdoor play space shall be provided foreach bedroom which exceeds the total number of
dwelling units within the development. The requiredplay space will form a component of the overallrequired landscaped open space, and shall beprovided as follows:
Total Play Space Requirements:
Total Play Space Facilities
Required Required
150 m2 or less Tot Lot(s)
151 to 400m2 Tot Lot(s)Play Area(s)
More than 400m2 Tot Lot(s)
Play Area(s)
Hard Surface Court
Dimensions:
• A Tot Lot - minimum 5.0 metres x 5.0 metres
each.
• A Play Area - minimum 5.0 metres x 5.0 metres
each.
• A Hard Surface Court - minimum 10.0 metres x
10.0 metres each (must be separated from
designated vehicular parking/driving areas by a
raised 15.0 cm poured concrete curb).
Design Requirements:
• Outdoor play spaces are to be in close proximity,
and have visual and barrier free access to themajority of dwelling units or an interior common
area for safety and security.
• Locate tot lots and play areas contiguous to the
building, so as not to separate the play space from
the building with roadways or parking areas.
Play areas shall provide:
• Adequate visibility into play spaces by reducing
landscape screening and locating play spaces
where acoustic barriers are not required.
• Optimum sun/shade exposure and adequate site
lighting to all play spaces.
• Seating and, where possible, shade adjacent to all
play spaces.
• Barrier-free walkway connections into the play
space from all building entrances.
• Barrier free accessible play equipment which is
appropriate to the identified user group.
• Insure all related equipment and installation are in
accordance with the Canadian Standards
Association (C.S.A.) “A Guideline on Children’s
Play Spaces and Equipment.”
• An adequate buffer between play areas and
vehicular traffic areas including loading and
service areas.
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• Usable play space configuration must be
conducive to the element of play.
• Sufficient pieces of play equipment for the
expected demand.
• Equipment should allow creative play.
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13.0
LANDSCAPE AND
NATURALFEATURES
TREE MANAGEMENTPOLICY
The complete City of Kitchener Tree ManagementPolicy may be obtained from the Development andTechnical Services Department. The following is abrief of the policy.
DefinitionsGeneral Vegetation Overview (GVO) – A completeinventory, together with suitable mapping, of thebiological and physical characteristics of eachVegetation Community submitted in support of thedraft plan of subdivision. This overview will identifyfeatures which may require further analysis and willestablish the criteria used to evaluate a developmentproposal.
Detailed Vegetation Plan – A detailed plan submittedat the time of grading plan submission and prior toregistration. It is to be completed where the GVO has
determined that there are trees worth retaining anddevelopment impacts are anticipated. A detailedinventory of all trees greater than 10 cm DBH inpotentially affected residual areas must be carried out.
Tree Preservation Enhancement Plan – A detailedplan used to identify all vegetation to remain on a siteafter development and establish methods whereby thisvegetation can be protected and enhanced.
Standards
General Vegetation Overview:A General Vegetation Overview will typically beincluded as part of the formal submission of a DraftPlan of Subdivision to the City of Kitchener.
Data Collection Form #1 - this form shall include thedate(s) when the Inventory was conducted and thefollowing:
• Biological characteristics for each vegetation
community indicating:
• Species association or plant community
• Dominant species
• Significant species
• Number of trees (relative abundance)
• Canopy closure (%)
• Community and tree health
• Community age
• DBH and height (averages or categorized)
• Location number on map or air photo
• Biological characteristics for isolated trees greater
than 10 cm in caliper indicating:
• Species
• Condition rating
• DBH
• Location number on map or air photo
Air Photo:
The scale should be one that clearly shows relevantfeatures of the subject property. Site boundaries to bedelineated on air photo shall encompass featuresintercepting or outside the development area that mayaffect the site vegetation or the adjoining site(s)vegetation. Air photos shall show existing land use andshall be dated.
Maps:
The scale should be appropriate to the subjectproperty and development application. Site boundariesto be delineated on maps and maps shall include
features intercepting or outside the development areathat may affect the site vegetation or the adjoiningsite(s) vegetation.
Maps 1 & 2 are to include the proposed Draft Plan ofSubdivision
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• Map 1 - Physical Features
• Topography and slope (locate accurately
relative to the property boundaries)
• Drainage
• Surface water
• Ground water
• Soils
• Map 2 - Vegetation Communities
• Showing the vegetation communities defined
through resolution and analysis of functional
associations in the subject environment
• Vegetation communities (woodlands,hedgerows, isolated clusters, single species)
to be accurately located relative to property
boundaries indicating driplines and trunk
locations and elevations
• Example: maple-beech woods, ash-maple
woods on irregular topography, red pine
woods having near-surface ground water,
isolated rare species tree, hedgerow, Norway
Maple cluster, marsh, old field.
Analysis:
To include:
• Conclusions of Inventory and Analysis, this report
will identify and locate on Maps 1 and 2:
• Problems
• Priorities
• Needs of vegetation communities
• Where vegetation communities or isolated
trees are identified as being worthy ofpreservation because of their significance, and
existing stable condition, but do not have the
ability to tolerate major changes to their
surrounding environment a buffer zone is to be
identified and a recommended width provided
• Forestry maintenance access location(s) and
widths where required
• Community trail location(s) guided by the
Urban Design Manual
• Opportunities
• Objectives
• Recommendations that will shape plan of
subdivision.
• The rationale for the following decisions:
vegetation communities not requiring further
data and analysis in the Detailed Vegetation
Plan and vegetation communities requiring
further data and analysis in the Detailed
Vegetation Plan.
Note: The above recommendations should also besymbolically shown on Map #2 VegetationCommunities.
If there is an approved Subwatershed Master Plan forlands contained within the proposed subdivision, therequired Environmental Implementation Report (andEnvironmental Impact Statement if required) is to becoordinated with the analysis and recommendations ofthat required by the General Vegetation Overview.This will permit the integration of the findings of theGeneral Vegetation Overview with the pertinenthydrological/hydrogeological information.Where a Subwatershed Master Plan provides no suchdirection the analysis must address the impact ofchanged hydraulics, hydrology, and/or hydrogeologyon specific vegetation communities.
• Name, address, telephone number of Subdivider,
and Consultant(s) who completed the submission.
A complete description and explanation of the criteriaused to complete Data Collection Form #1 is includedin the City of Kitchener’s Tree Management Policy andmay be obtained from the Department of Development& Technical Services.
Please see form on next page.
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C -4 5
PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
TOPOGRAPHY
SLOPE
SURFACE WATER TYPE –
NAME – (SKETCH SHOWING SIZE, DIRECTION OF FLOW, E
EXISTING LAND USE
GROUND WATER
SOILS:
TYPE – TEXTURE – MOISTURE –
DATA COLLECTION FORM # 1 VEGETA
GENERAL VEGETATION OVERVIEW – DATA SHEET
BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS
VEGETATION TYPE
NUMBER OF SPECIES
Tree –
Shrub – Herb –
SPECIES COMPOSITION
SPECIES % ABUNDANCE1.2.3.4.
SIGNIFICANT SPECIES
NUMBER OF TREES
CANOPY CLOSURE
COMMUNITY AND TREE HEALTH
COMMUNITY AGE
HEIGHT and DIAMETER
ASSOCIATED VEGETATION COMMUNITIES
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Detailed Vegetation Plan:
This plan should be derived concurrently with the LotGrading Control Plan (and all other servicing etc.plans) and the scale should be approximately 1:500.The following information is required:
• Accurate location of all trees (10 cm DBH or
greater to be retained) and their driplines (truthed
in field).
• Functional buffer zones around vegetation
communities and/or isolated trees.
• Proposed lotting, street pattern, building envelopes
and building type (see Building Clearance Area
below and Appendix D, City of Kitchener TreeManagement Policy).
• Location of services (type, width and depth of
trench).
• Location(s) of Community Trail(s) consistent with
all guiding documents (Community Plans,
Subwatershed Master Plans (Greenspace
Management Plans), Environmental
Implementation Reports, General Vegetation
Overviews, Leisure Facilities Strategic Plan and
Urban Design Manual).
• Locations of Forestry Maintenance Accesses (if
required).
• Grading information:
• Original grades (surveyed) and proposed
grades
• Cut and fill areas
• Potential disruption to ground water and
surface drainage
• Symbolized recommendations showing the
accurate location of the dripline for each isolated
tree or single species cluster identifying them as
‘save’, ‘remove’, ‘transplant’.
• Symbolized recommendations showing the
accurate location of the dripline for treed areas to
be selectively thinned or transplanted.
• Accurate location of new woodland edges (truthed
in field) and location and species of recommended
plantings (if required) or transplantings.
• Location and nature of recommended protectionmeasures (see Figures 13.1 – 13.4 of this
document and the City of Kitchener Tree
Management Policy).
The submission of the Detailed Vegetation Plan to the
City will occur in concert with the submission of the Lot
Grading Control Plan.
Data Collection Form #2 shall be completed and
include the date(s) when the inventory was conducted
and the following:
• Tree tag number
• Location, lot or block number
• Species
• Diameter at breast height (DBH in cm)
• Crown class
• Tree condition
• Tree value and physical constraints
•
Impacts of proposed development
• Recommendation
• Name, address, telephone number of consultant
who undertook inventory
Please see form on next page.
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IMPACTS OF
DEVELOPMENT
(5)
TREE VALUE
& PHYSICAL
CONSTRAINTS
(4)
TREE
CONDITION
(3)
CROWN
CLASS
(2)
DBH
(cm)
SPECIES
(1)
DATA COLLECTION FORM #2
DETAILED VEGETATION PLAN
LOT/
BLK
NO.
(1) Trees recommended for saving shown in BOLD type (3) Excellent – (E), Good – (G), Fair
(2) Dominant – (D) – Emergent canopy (receives full sunlight) Very Poor – (V), or Dead (D)
Co-dominant – (C) – Not fully emergent (top of canopy receives sunlight) (4) Comments based on tree value a
Intermediate – (I) – Sub-canopy tree (receives partial sunlight) (5) From submission requirements a
Suppressed – (S) Completely overtopped (receives very limited sunlight) (6) Recommendation: Save – (S), R
Transplant – (T)
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This plan should be derived concurrently with the Lot
Grading Control Plan (and all other servicing etc.
plans) and the scale should be approximately 1:500.
The following information is required:• Conclusion of inventory and analysis, including
summary of impacts
• Impact analysis for Community Trail(s) and
Forestry Maintenance Access(es)
• Description of mitigation and protection measures:
• Discussion of functional buffer zone(s) where
required to ensure ecological stability of
woodland edge or isolated tree(s).
• Construction details: fence erection, hoarding,signage.
• Erosion control.
• Pre-stressing treatments – i.e. crown thinning.
• Post construction – i.e. pruning, fertilizer
program, irrigation program.
• Tree transplants – i.e. timing, locations,
moving procedure, maintenance program.
• Tree stewardship
• Written instructions in a standard format to be
developed by the Development & Technical
Services Department on site-specification
stewardship are to be prepared by the
Environmental Consultant and made available
to the first time home or building
owner/occupant of a treed property.
Examples of the types of information to be
provided are found in the complete Tree
Management Policy available from
Development & Technical Services.
• Management strategy
• Prepare a Management Strategy in
consultation with the City for all natural areas
within the Draft Plan of Subdivision. Where
applicable, such strategy will include
recommendations for:
• Ongoing conservation of vegetation
communities.
• Ongoing conservation of watercourses/
wetlands.
• Location of ecologically appropriate public
access points.
• Compatible recreational uses including trail
locations (where appropriate).
• Ongoing conservation of wildlife habitat.
Certification of Plans:
For Draft Plans of Subdivision, the grading consultant
will certify that the Detailed Vegetation Plan conformsto the Lot Grading Plan. The environmental consultant
will certify that the Lot Grading Control Plan conforms
to the Detailed Vegetation Plan prior to approval of
said plans by the Development & Technical Services
Department.
Certification of Protection Measures:
Written certification is required from a qualified
professional that protection measures have been
installed as approved by the Development & TechnicalServices Department.
Treatment of Lands to be Conveyed:
All lands to be conveyed to the City as Park are to befree of any dead or hazardous trees (in locationswhere there is a safety issue), dump sites, litter,debris, remnant fences, barbed wire, wells, tree fortsand any unnatural material/disturbances that areconsidered dangerous to the public or would be aninherited liability. The above noted items are to beremoved or properly treated to the satisfaction of the
Department of Community Services in consultationwith the Director of Planning prior to final approval ofthe Plan to be registered. Actions taken should bedocumented in the Tree Maintenance report. Suchlands will continue to be free of construction debris fora period of two years from the date of registration ofthe subdivision.
All lands to be conveyed to the City as Open Space orHazard Lands are to be free of any dead or hazardous
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trees (in locations were there is a safety issue), dumpsites, litter, debris, remnant fences, barbed wire, wells,tree forts and any unnatural material/disturbances thatare considered dangerous to the public or would be an
inherited liability. The above noted items are to beremoved or properly treated for a distance of 30metres from any lot/block line and 10 metres on eitherside of a proposed or existing community trail. Suchremovals are to be to the satisfaction of theDepartment of Community Services in consultationwith the Director of Planning prior to final approval ofthe Plan to be registered.
Tree Maintenance Report:
The purpose of this report is to ensure initial andcontinued compliance with the tree protection
measures as described in the approved DetailedVegetation Plan. This report is to be prepared by aqualified professional (arborist, forester, environmentalconsultant, or landscape architect), who has beencontracted by the Subdivider to provide direction andsupervision during grading and construction on thesubject lands.
The timing of the Tree Maintenance Report is tocoincide with the implementation of all tree protectionmeasures, and the completion of initial site grading.All needs of trees to be maintained shall be assessedimmediately and a Tree Maintenance Report detailingall recommended tree maintenance measures shall besubmitted to, and approved by, the Development andTechnical Services Department, prior to registration.The following information is generally required in theTree Maintenance Report (some items may not bepertinent to a particular project; other projects mayrequire additional information):
• Assessment of damage to trees to be retained
during initial site grading and clearing.
• Provide remedial recommendations for any
damaged trees that are to be retained using
current and accepted arboricultural practices.
• Timing of remedial measures:
• Before / during / after further construction.
• Identify and provide value ($) of trees (Guide for
Plant Appraisal, Council of Tree and Landscape
Appraisers, Latest Edition) that were to be saved
according to the Detailed Vegetation Plan and/or
Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan but have
been removed or damaged.
• Using this value of trees destroyed or damaged,
propose a plan indicating replacement trees ofequal or greater value ($) and proposed tree
planting locations (native species) for rehabilitation
of the disturbed area(s).
• Identify planned tree removal not conducted.
• Recommendation of further trees to be removed o
transplanted.
Note: In general, sources of information should beidentified and measurements should be in metric units.
Permanent Signage:
Install signage in accordance with the “BOUNDARYMARKER” and “CITY BOUNDARY MARKERLOCATIONS” drawings found in Appendix F of theCity of Kitchener Tree Management Policy. Suchsignage is to be supplied by the Department ofCommunity Services (741-2557) at no cost to theSubdivider. Signage is to be installed by theSubdivider prior to final approval of the Plan to beregistered in which the conveyed lands are located.However, temporary signage installed on protectivefencing must remain in good order until replaced by
permanent markers and signage.
Certification of Completed Site Work:
Prior to the City issuing the Final Grading Certificatecertification by both the grading consultant and theenvironmental consultant must be received by the Citycertifying that the Site Grading Plan and DetailedVegetation Plan have been implemented inaccordance with the approved plans.
Confirmation of Receipt of Site Grading PlanDetailed Vegetation Plans and Tree Stewardship:
The Subdivider must confirm in writing that the first-time home or building owner has received a copy ofthe approved Site Grading and Detailed VegetationPlans along with written instructions on properstewardship for tree(s) on their Lot/Block or that theSubdivider has provided the builder with the approvedgrading and tree management plans along with writteninstructions on proper tree stewardship for tree(s)regarding the Lot/Block noted above, and advised the
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builder that the builder is obligated to provide thismaterial to the first-time home or building owner inaccordance with Clause 1.22 of the StandardResidential Subdivision Agreement prior to occupancy.
An example of written instructions on proper treestewardship is given in the City of Kitchener’s TreeManagement Policy. This is the type of informationthat is to be provided to the new home/building ownerof a treed property.
As an alternative to the above noted generic
examples, the Environmental Consultant can also
obtain brochures on many areas of tree stewardship
from the International Society of Arboriculture (I.S.A.).
The I.S.A. provides a series of published brochures as
part of its consumers’ information program.
The City encourages personal delivery to, anddiscussion of such written instructions with the f irsttime home owner/occupant as a means of educatingthem on proper tree stewardship.
Monitoring and Maintenance Period:
For all wooded wetlands which are to be conveyed tothe City, the Environmental Consultant will monitor thewooded wetlands as required by the City to ensurecompliance with the approved Subwatershed MasterPlan, Environmental Implementation Report, theGeneral Vegetation Overview, and/or the Detailed
Vegetation Plan.
If alteration of the quantity, quality, timing(hydroperiod), or direction of flow of surface orgroundwater within or contiguous to the woodedwetlands results in an adverse environmental impactrequiring any ecological restoration, any suchecological restoration activities will be theresponsibility of the Subdivider to the satisfaction ofthe City.
Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan:
The Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan will berequired for:
Subdivisions:
• Where the Detailed Vegetation Plan has identified
that there are trees to be retained.
• Corner lots (where site service locations and
building type has not been pre-determined).
• Interior lots greater than 13.7 m (45 feet) of street
frontage.
• Lots on which the Subdivider/Builder requests to
build a structure that is to be located deeper on
the lot than that approved on the Detailed
Vegetation Plan and/or the revised grading will
have an adverse effect on the Detailed Vegetation
Plan.
Site Plan Approval / Plan Approval:
• Any site development under Section 41 of the
Planning Act.
Lots Containing Trees Created by Consent UnderSection 52 of the Planning Act:
• No building permit will be issued for such lot or
block until applicants for such a building permit
have submitted a Tree Preservation/
Enhancement Plan for the approval of the
Development and Technical Services Department.
In the case of lots or blocks which contain only
trees to be removed, all such trees shall beremoved prior to the issuance of a building permit
for these lots or blocks.
Submission Requirements:
The following information is required to be shown:
• The true dimensions and bearings of the property.
• The location of isolated trees or single species
clusters showing driplines and the species, size,
condition (excellent, good, fair, poor, very poor,
dead), and sensitivity of tree to development is to
be noted.
• The location of woodland areas and showing:
• Location of tree(s) to be removed for selective
thinning (marked in field).
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• Location of new woods’ edges (marked in the
field), edge driplines (ground truthed) and new
plantings if required.
• The locations, dimensions and setbacks of allproposed buildings and structures.
• The location of paving and driveway areas.
• Walkway locations.
• Existing and proposed grades (contours and spot
elevations).
• Cut and fill areas.
• Indication of ground-water and surface drainage.
•
Location and type of services and utilities (providerequired width and depth of trench including
offsets dependent on soil conditions or nature of
installation/equipment).
• The location of proposed stockpiles of topsoil and
backfill.
• Work zone requirements (area around the
proposed buildings required for excavation of
foundations and access during construction).
• An outline of tree protection measures including:
• Recommended buffers.
• Construction details and location of fencing
and/or hoarding.
• Erosion control measures.
• Pre-stressing of trees.
• Name, address and telephone number of:
o Subdivider.
o Builder.
o Consultant who provided tree data and
recommendations.
Where a Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan isrequired the grading consultant will certify that suchplan conforms to the Grading Plan. The environmentalconsultant will certify the Grading Plan conforms to theTree Preservation/Enhancement Plan prior to approvalof said plans by the Development and Technical
Services Department. This plan review andcoordination will ensure that both tree managementand site engineering issues are addressed beforebuilding commences. Such a process will maximize
the opportunity for the proper implementation of allprior tree management recommendations, and permitthe Subdivider another occasion to monitor thebuilders.
Certification of Completed Site Work:
Prior to the City issuing the Final Grading Certificatecertification by both the Grading Consultant and theEnvironmental Consultant must be received by theCity certifying that the Site Grading and TreePreservation / Enhancement Plans have beenimplemented in accordance with the approved plans.
The above noted certification is to be completed inaccordance with the form provided below and also inAppendix H of the City of Kitchener Tree ManagementPolicy.
Confirmation of Receipt of Site Grading Plan,Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan and TreeStewardship
The Subdivider must confirm in writing that the first-time home or building owner has received a copy ofthe approved Site Grading and Tree
Preservation/Enhancement Plans along with writteninstructions on proper stewardship for tree(s) on theirLot/Block or that the Subdivider has provided thebuilder with the approved grading and treemanagement plans along with written instructions onproper tree stewardship for tree(s) regarding theLot/Block noted above, and advised the builder thatthe builder is obligated to provide this material to thefirst-time home or building owner in accordance withClause 1.22 of the Standard Subdivision Agreementprior to occupancy.
This confirmation is to be completed using the form
provided below and also in Appendix I of the TreeManagement Policy.
An example of written instructions on proper treestewardship is provided in the City of Kitchener’s TreeManagement Policy. This is the type of informationthat is to be provided to the new home or buildingowner of a treed property.
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As an alternative to the above noted genericexamples, the environmental consultant can alsoobtain brochures on many areas of tree stewardshipfrom the International Society of Arboriculture (I.S.A.).
The I.S.A. provides a series of published brochures aspart of its consumers’ information program.The City encourages personal delivery to, anddiscussion of such written instructions with the newproperty owner as a means of educating them onproper tree stewardship.
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BUILDING CLEARANCE AREA
(from Tree Management Policy Appendix D)
Interior Lots – Due to the number of site services entering a residential lot, the preservation oftrees within the front yard may be extremely difficult. It is especially unlikely that any tree(s) foundwithin the interior of a woodland could be singled out and saved on a narrow width lot of 13.7metres (45 feet) or less. However, isolated trees, and edge trees of a woodland have somechance of survival in a front yard. Only if the tree(s) in the opinion of the Arborist etc. in co-ordination with the Grading and Servicing Engineer, is worthy of saving should any attempt be
made in preserving front yard trees otherwise, the following will apply regarding the removal oftrees on an interior building lot:
For all lots 13.7 metres in width or less of frontage, the allowable area to clear of trees within thislot will be: From Property Line to Building Line plus the depth of the building type plus 3 metres(construction work zone).
DEPTH OF BUILDING TYPE
Building Type Depth Metres (Feet)
Bungalow (Back or Raised)
Back Split
Two Storey
Free Hold Town House
13.7 (45)
15.24 (50)
9.75 (32)
13.7 (45)
Corner Lots – No trees that are worthy of further study are to be removed from corner lots. Thisrequirement is based on the assumption that there are many possibilities for location of serviceswithin a corner lot, and the different types of buildings that can be built on a corner lot.
Corner lots may qualify for exemption to this requirement from the City if the site services locationand building type are determined at the time of submission of the Detailed Vegetation Plan.
Blocks – No trees that are worthy of further study are to be removed from blocks. Tree removal from blocks will not
occur until a Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan and a Tree Maintenance Report is approved by the Development
and Technical Services Department as part of a Section 41 Development Agreement.
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Figure 13.1: Signage and Erosion Control
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Figure 13.2: Temporary Tree Protection Fencing
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Figure 13.3: Temporary Tree Protection Fencing and Erosion Control
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Figure 13.4: Required Tree Protection Signage
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LOT/BLOCK GRADING AND TREE MANAGEMENTCERTIFICATION
Date: _________________________________
Lot #: _________________________________
Block #:________________________________
58M-__________________________________
I, _____________________________ of _______________________________, being theGrading Consultant for the above noted Subdivision and I, _____________________________ of
_______________________________, being the Environmental Consultant for the above noted
subdivision certify to the City of Kitchener that the approved Site Grading Plan and the DetailedVegetation Plan and/or the Tree Preservation/Enhancement Plan have been implemented inaccordance with the City-approved plans.
Please note all deviations from the approved drawings below (additional tree removal, treereplacements, grading changes, or any other item that has not been implemented in accordancewith the City-approved plans. Additional details may be required prior to the City accepting thecertification.
Grading Consultant Environmental Consultant
____________________________________ ______________________________________
Signature Signature
Affix Seal (if applicable) Affix Seal (if applicable)
Date ________________________________ Date __________________________________
cc. Lot/Block Owner
Subdivider
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CONFIRMATION OF RECEIPT
Date: __________________________________
Lot #: __________________________________
Block #: ________________________________
58M-__________________________________
I, _____________________________ of _______________________________, being theSubdivider for the above noted Subdivision confirm to the City of Kitchener that the first time home
or building owner has received a copy of the approved grading and tree management plans alongwith written instructions on proper tree stewardship for tree(s) on their Lot/Block.
OR
I, _____________________________ of _______________________________, being theSubdivider for the above noted Subdivision confirm to the City of Kitchener that I have providedthe builder with the approved grading and tree management plans along with written instructionson proper tree stewardship for tree(s) regarding the Lot/Block noted above, and advised the
builder that the builder is obligated to provide this material to the first time home or building ownerin accordance with Clause 1.22 of the Standard Subdivision Agreement prior to occupancy.
Subdivider
________________________________________
Signature
________________________________________
Date
cc. Lot/Block Owner
Builder
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14.0STORMWATERMANAGEMENT
FACILITIESDefinitions
Forebay - Storage area provided at the inlet for theprimary removal of suspended solids.
Dry Ponds- Least effective of the three pond types forwater quality treatment. No permanent pool requiredfor the treatment of runoff. Requires the largesttreatment volume due to the lack of a permanent pool.
Wet Ponds- More effective than Dry Ponds but lesseffective than Wetlands Ponds due to the depth of thepermanent pool and the lack of aquatic plantings.Treated volumes are less than the volumes required ina Dry Pond.
Wetlands- Most effective type of water quality facility.Shallow permanent pool allows for diversity of plantmaterial which aids in pollutant removal (nutrientuptake) and entrapment of suspended solidssimulating the natural processes. Blends in well withthe surrounding natural areas making the facility moreaesthetically pleasing. Requires the smallest treatmentvolume.
Micropool- Storage area provided at the outlet as atertiary treatment before discharging to the receivingwater body.
Standards for Plans ofSubdivision and SitePlans
The purpose of this section is to provide principles toaugment the MOEE “Stormwater ManagementPractices Planning and Design Manual and to achievethe highest level of utilization, aesthetics,environmental benefits and ease of maintenance for
stormwater management facilities in our community.”
These principles have been prepared by a jointcommittee of representatives from all municipalitieswithin the Region of Waterloo, City of Guelph and theGrand River Conservation Authority in consultationwith the local development industry.
These principles were originally adopted by KitchenerCity Council for use within the City of Kitchener onSeptember 30, 1996.
In recognition of diverse development conditions,consideration by the City of Kitchener will be given toall innovative approaches and/or techniques that canbe demonstrated to meet its storm water managementobjectives.
• Stormwater management areas for subdivisions
will be on lands conveyed at no cost to the City in
addition to any lands required to be dedicated for
park purposes under the Planning Act.
Construction costs will be borne by the owner
while long term maintenance of the storm watermanagement facility will be borne by the City.
• Stormwater management areas, subject to site
plan approval, will be on lands retained by the
owner. All costs associated with the construction
and continuing maintenance of stormwater
management facilities shall be borne by the
owner.
• Stormwater management Dry Ponds shall be
designed to limit the maximum depth of water to
1.8m above the lowest point of the stormwaterbasin. An additional 0.3m freeboard is required
above the maximum peak flow flood level. The
maximum depth of the extended detention zone
shall not exceed 1.0m above the lowest point of
the pond (see Figure 14.2).
• A maximum 5:1 slope shall extend from the
bottom of the pond to the limit of maximum
extended detention, with a minimum horizontal
length of 3.0m. The minimum allowable gradient
on the bottom of the basin shall be 1.0% and the
maximum gradient shall be 5.0%.
• Stormwater management Wetlands shall be
designed to limit the maximum depth of water to
2.1m above the lowest point of the stormwater
basin excluding micropools. An additional 0.3m
freeboard is required above the maximum peak
flow flood level. The maximum depth of the
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extended detention zone shall not exceed 1.0m
above the permanent pool elevation. Maximum
peak flow attenuation zone shall not exceed 1.8m
above the permanent pool elevation. Thepermanent pool depth shall range between a
minimum depth of 0.15m to a maximum depth of
0.3m.
• A maximum 5:1 slope below the permanent
pool level shall be permitted around the entire
stormwater management pond.
• A maximum 5:1 slope above the permanent
pool level shall be permitted around the entire
stormwater management pond. The slope
shall extend from the permanent pool level, tothe limit of maximum extended detention. The
horizontal distance of this slope must be a
minimum of 3.0m.
• Micropools shall not exceed an additional
maximum depth of 0.3m below the permanent
pool level. Micropools shall not exceed 5% of
the total wetland permanent pool surface area
(see Figures 14.2 and 14.3).
• Stormwater management Wet Ponds shall be
designed to limit the maximum depth of water to
3.3m above the lowest point of the stormwater
basin. An additional 0.3m freeboard is required
above the maximum peak flow flood level. The
maximum depth of the extended detention zone
shall not exceed 1.0m above the permanent pool
elevation. Maximum peak flow attenuation zone
shall not exceed 1.8m above the permanent pool
elevation. The permanent pool depth shall range
between a minimum depth of 1.0m to a maximum
depth of 1.5m (see Figure 14.2).
• A maximum 5:1 slope below the permanentpool level shall be permitted around the entire
stormwater management pond. The
horizontal distance of this slope must be a
minimum of 3.0m. A slope commencing from
this point to the lowest point of the stormwater
basin shall be a maximum of 3:1.
• A maximum 5:1 slope above the permanent
pool level shall be permitted around the entire
stormwater management pond. The slope
shall extend from the permanent pool level, tothe limit of maximum extended detention. The
horizontal distance of this slope shall be a
minimum of 3.0m.
• Forebays are required for all of the above
described stormwater management facilities. The
permanent pool depth shall range between a
minimum depth of 1.0m to a maximum depth of
1.5m in which a maximum depth of 0.5m shall be
used for sediment accumulation. Forebays shall
not exceed 33% of the total wet pond surface area
and 20% of the wetland permanent pool surface
area. All other aspects regarding the design of
forebays shall conform to the above Wet Pond
standards. Excluding maintenance access routes,
all access to forebays shall be discouraged
through shrub plantings (see Figures 14.2 and
14.4). Consideration should be given to provide a
liner and a means to draw the forebay via gravity
to facilitate maintenance.
• From the point of maximum extended detention, to
the lower limits of the “safety separation” area orproperty line where it abuts private property,
slopes shall vary between 2:1 to 6:1 and have a
maximum average slope of 4:1, not including the
maximum 10:1 maintenance access slope.
• Native and non-invasive trees, shrubs, ground
covers and aquatic plants are required in a low
maintenance landscape design, which has regard
for the ecology of the site and the eco-region. See
plant lists at end of chapter.
•
For Wet Ponds and Wetlands, all slopes 5:1 andsteeper ranging from a minimum horizontal
distance of 3.0m from the permanent pool level to
the property line (not including walkways and
trails) shall be planted. For Dry Ponds, all slopes
5:1 and steeper ranging from a minimum
horizontal distance of 3.0m from the pond bottom
level to the property line (not including walkways
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and trails) shall also be planted. Incorporating a
wide range of slopes and ponding depths into
facility design that conform to the design principles
is strongly encouraged and desirable in order tofacilitate a wide range of flora and fauna habitat
conditions.
• Where trees are to be planted, they must be
planted at a minimum rate of 1 tree (40mm cal.)
per 50 square metres. The density of shrub
plantings, for safety purposes, shall vary
depending on the degree of slope. Shrub
plantings shall prevent public access on all 2:1
slopes and discourage access on all 3:1 slopes.
100% density equals 1 shrub per square metre,
25% density equals 1 shrub per 4 square metres.
The purpose of the bar scale is not to encourage
repetitive landscape design but to act as a relative
guide to associate shrub plant densities with the
appropriate slope.
Coverage Intensity of Shrub Plantings
Slope Range
P e r c e n t a g e o f D e n s i t
25
50
75
100
6:1 5:1 4:1 3:1 2.5:1 2:1
Figure 14.1: Required Density of Shrub Plantings
• Designed pedestrian access areas shall not
exceed a maximum slope of 6:1.
• Fencing of stormwater management facilities shall
be discouraged; however it may be required asdetermined by the City.
• Notwithstanding the above criteria in the case of
headwall designs, the depth of water related to
adjoining side slopes may vary and fencing may
be required for safety purposes.
• That in all cases, implementation of these
principles shall have regard for approved
Watershed, Sub-Watershed and Master Drainage
Plans.
• Areas subject to the collection of contaminants or
spills shall be fitted with adequate oil/grit
separators.
For subdivisions only:
In addition to above requirements the followingprinciples shall apply to subdivisions only:
• That a Landscape Plan of the storm water
management facilities be approved by theSupervisor of Site Plan Development in
Development and Technical Services and the
Supervisor of Design and Development in
Community Services prior to the registration of the
Plan of Subdivision. All landscaping of areas
above the 5 year storm level shall be installed at
the subdivider’s cost, in accordance with the
approved plan, during the first planting season
after occupancy of the first unit. The remainder of
the planting shall commence at such time as
required by the Supervisor of Site PlanDevelopment in Development and Technical
Services and the Supervisor of Design and
Development in Community Services. The
subdivider shall maintain the planting for a period
of one year from the completion of final planting.
Landscape plans are to be prepared by an
Environmental Professional acceptable to the
Municipality. See plant lists at end of chapter.
• In the event that a community trail has been
identified and/or required by the City in the vicinity
or adjacent to a stormwater management pond,
they shall be implemented above the maximum
extended detention level or 5 year storm level,
which ever is greater, in order to prevent frequent
flooding. Trails shall have a minimum width of
3.0m (see Figure 14.5).
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• To enhance user comfort and safety, a 3.0m zone
on each side of the community trail shall be
designed in such a way that sightlines are
preserved. If barriers are required, they must notinterfere with visibility or create entrapment areas.
In situations where a community trail is designed
within the maximum peak flow depth zone, the
3.0m separation above the trail shall have a
maximum slope of 3:1. Below the trail, the 3.0m
separation shall have a maximum slope of 6:1.
This zone shall be planted with low ground covers
(see Figure 14.5).
• Deciduous trees should be planted at a minimum
distance of 1.5m from the edge of the trail.
Maintenance is required to ensure that tree
canopies are raised to a minimum of 2.2m and
shrubs must be regularly prevented from
naturalizing this zone. The planting of coniferous
trees within this zone is not permitted.
• Maintenance access requirements are to be
determined on a site-by-site basis, however, the
following general criteria are recommended.
Controlled maintenance access routes shall be
provided to both inlet and outlet structures and
forebays. A minimum 3.0m wide surface toaccommodate maintenance vehicles with a
minimum 10m turning radius (inside radius) and a
flat 10m loading area is required. Maintenance
access routes shall not exceed a maximum slope
of 10:1. The design of maintenance routes and
loading areas shall be to the approval of the
Engineering Division.
• Prior to the City accepting the stormwater
management pond as shown on the approved
landscape plan, the Subdivider agrees to erect
one or more information signs at (a) public access
point(s) detailing the purpose of the pond, phone
number for further information and any other
relevant information, to be approved by the
Supervisor of Site Plan Development in
Development and Technical Services and the
Supervisor of Design and Development in
Community Services, all at the cost of the
Subdivider.
• In order to prevent surcharging of storm sewers
upstream, pond inlet inverts shall not be lowerthan the maximum extended detention level (see
Figure 14.6).
• Minimize the number of inlets / forebays to one (1)
where possible.
For Site Plans Only:
In addition to initial clauses applying to both
subdivisions and site plans the following principles
shall apply to site plans only:
• Children’s play equipment shall not be permitted
within stormwater management facilities.
• Stormwater QUANTITY management strategies
can be accommodated within parking areas to a
limit of 0.3m in depth.
• Stormwater QUALITY management strategies
may be accommodated within parking areas
using, fore example oil grit for water quality
management.
• In cases where stormwater management facilitiescan not be aesthetically accommodated at grade,
underground and roof top storage shall be
considered as alternatives.
• Rooftop runoff shall be considered as clean
stormwater and shall be infiltrated as appropriate.
A geotechnical report with infiltration assessment
should accompany site application.
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Figure 14.2: Stormwater Management Pond Configuration
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Figure 14.3 Micropool Detail
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Figure 14.4 Forebay Detail
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Figure 14.5 Community Trails at Storm Water Management Ponds
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Figure 14.6 Preferred Pond Inlet Detail
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Figure 14.7: Example of Storm Water Pond Signage
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Stormwater Management (SWM) Facilities:
SWM facility design should match ecosystems and
“ecoregions” (ecosections, Ontario Land InventoryUnits). Guelph, Elmira, New Hamburg, and the tri-cityarea of Kitchener-Waterloo and Cambridge are alllocated in different “ecoregions”. For example, inKitchener, SWM wetlands should resemble those inthe Borden-Laurentian complex. In fact, seed andplant materials could be selectively taken from thosewetlands and used locally. But, for design andconstruction in Guelph, wetlands in that area would beused.
The plant species listed should be considered as tothe performance and functionality of those chosen for
a specific site. The amount of planting stock ofspecies we depend upon for shade, erosion control,and filtering should always be greater than thatproviding colour and food for wildlife.
Native Shrubs and Trees of Waterloo Region:
The committee established for the StormwaterManagement Facilities Design Principles supportedthe general concept of creating a policy to encouragethe planting of native shrubs and trees surroundingSWM ponds of Waterloo Region. In doing this, thearea’s natural integrity will be preserved and SWM
areas will be protected from the general encroachmentof alien species.
On April 1, 1992, Regional staff in association withLarry Lamb of the University of Waterloo, prepared alist of native trees and shrubs which could be used asa guide for planting in and around ESPAs. This listcan also be used as a guide for plantings in andaround SWM ponds. (A list of Invasive Alien speciesis also provided which should not be planted).The species making up the preferred list are allindigenous to the Waterloo Region and some areRegionally Significant. Species restricted to theCarolinian Forest Zone have been noted.Although most Carolinian species are only found inNorth Dumfries Township some do occur north of thisarea. Also noted are those species which are found,and should only be used in North Dumfries Township.
For species where the local genotypes are consideredrelatively pure, it is preferable to use these localgenotypes only to avoid importing genetic materialfrom other areas. By using stock which originated in
Waterloo Region, the integrity of Regional populationswill be preserved. The closest genotype availableshould be used for all species unless otherwiseindicated.
The desired/required performance of each plantspecies to be planted or allowed to invade the facilitymust be considered. Sizes of planting stock, growthrates, and maintenance requirements of species mustbe compared with desired functions and effects; and,the desired functions must be prioritized. Forexample, where shading is required as soon aspossible to keep water temperatures low, a native fastgrowing species is preferable. A number of largecaliper shade trees could be planted in the appropriatelocations. Biodiversity, leaf colour, and blossom wouldbe secondary functions and would be provided by
other species possibly planted farther away from thewater. Similarly, where erosion control is required, theright species for that job should be planted. In somesituations, planting of non-native plants may benecessary to establish cover and native plants withlower performance ratings in erosion control, buthigher in terms of biodiversity, wildlife food and coverand aesthetics be included in the overall strategy.
Key to Numbers:1-Regionally Significant to Waterloo
2-Mainly restricted to Carolinian Forest Zone
3-Use only in North Dumfries Township (removed fromfollowing list for Kitchener)
4-Use local genotypes only
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Trees
Pinaceae Pine Family
Abies balsamea Balsam fir 4
Larix laricina Tamarack
Pinus strobus Eastern white pine
Picea mariana Black spruce 1
Tsuga canadensis Eastern hemlock
Cupressaceae Cypress Family
Juniperus virginiana Eastern red cedar 1,2,4
Thuja occidentalis Eastern white cedar
Salicaceae Willow Family
Populus balsamifera Balsam poplar
Populus grandidentata Largetooth aspen
Populus tremuloides Trembling aspen
Salix amygdaloides Peach-leaved willow
Salix bebbiana Bebbs’ willow
Salix discolor Pussy willow
Salix lucida Shining willow
Salix nigra Black willow
Juglandaceae Walnut Family
Carya cordiformis Bitternut hickory
Juglans cinerea Butternut
Betulaceae Birch Family
Betula lutea Yellow birch
Betula papyrifera White birch
Carpinus caroliniana Blue-beech
Ostrya virginiana Hop-hornbeam
Fagaceae Beech Family
Fagus grandifolia American Beech
Quercus alba White oak
Quercus macrocarpa Bur oak
Quercus rubra Red oak
Ulmaceae Elm Family
Celtis occidentalis Hackberry 1,4
Ulmus americana White elm
Ulmus rubra Red or Slippery elm
Ulmus thomasii Rock elm
Hamamelidaceae Witch-hazel Family
Hamamelis virginiana Witch hazel
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Rosaceae Rose Family
Amelanchier laevis Smooth juneberry orserviceberry
Amelanchier arborea Juneberry, serviceberry
Crataegus chrysocarpa Golden-fruited hawthorn
Crataegus holmesiana Holmes’ hawthorn
Crataegus pruinosa Frosty hawthorn
Crataegus punctata Dotted hawthorn
Prunus nigra Canada plum
Prunus pensylvanica Pin cherry
Prunus serotina Black cherry
Prunus virginiana Chokecherry
Anacardiaceae Cashew Family
Rhus typhina Staghorn sumac
Aceraceae Maple Family
Acer negundo Box-Elder or Manitoba
maple
Acer rubrum Red maple
Acer saccharinum Silver maple
Acer saccharum Black maple 4
ssp. nigrum
Acer saccharum Sugar maple
ssp. saccharumAcer spicatum Mountain maple
Tiliaceae Linden Family
Tilia americana Basswood
Cornaceae Dogwood Family
Cornus alternifolia Alternate-leaved dogwood
Oleaceae Olive Family
Fraxinus americana White ash
Fraxinus nigra Black ash
Fraxinus pennsylvanica Red ash, green ash
Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family
Vibumum lentago Nannyberry
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Shrubs
Taxaceae Yew Family
Taxus canadensis American yew
Cupressaceae Cypress Family
Juniperus communis Common juniper 1,4
Smilacaceae Greenbrier Family
Smilax hispida Bristly greenbrier
Salicaceae Willow Family
Salix exigua Sandbar willow
Salix myricoides Blue-leaf willow 1Salix rigida Willow
Salix pedicellaris Bog willow
Salix petiolaris Slender willow
Salix serissima Autumn willow
Betulaceae Birch Family
Corylus americana Hazelnut, American hazel
Corylus cornuta Beaked hazel 1
Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family
Clematis virginiana Virgin’s-bower
Rosaceae Rose Family
Aronia melanocarpa Chokeberry
Physocarpus opulifolius Ninebark
Potentilla fruticosa Shrubby cinquefoil
Rosa blanda Smooth wild rose
Rosa carolina Pasture rose
Rosa palustris Swamp rose
Rubus allegheniensis Common blackberry
Rubus canadensis Smooth blackberry
Rubus idaeus Red raspberryRubus occidentalis Black raspberry
Rubus pubescens Dwarf raspberry
Rubus setosus Bristly blackberry
Spiraea alba Narrow-leaved
meadowsweet
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Rutaceae Rue Family
Zanthoxylum Prickly ash 1
americanum
Aquifoliaceae Holly Family
Ilex verticillata Winterberry
Nemopanthus Mountain holly 1
mucronatus
Celastraceae Bittersweet Family
Celastrus scandens Climbing Bittersweet
Euonymus Burning bush 1,2,4
atropurpurea
Euonymus obovata Running strawberry-bush 2
Staphyleaceae Bladdernut Family
Staphylea trifolia Bladdernut 1
Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family
Ceanothus americanus New Jersey tea
Rhamnus alnifolia Alder-leaved buckthorn
Vitaceae Grape Family
Vitis riparia Riverbank grape
Thymelaeaceae Mezereum Family
Dirca palustris Leatherwood
Cornaceae Dogwood Family
Cornus amomum Silky dogwood
ssp. obliqua
Cornus canadensis Bunchberry
Cornus foemina Grey dogwood
ssp. racemosa
Cornus rugosa Round-leaved dogwood
Cornus stolonifera Red-osier dogwood
Ericaceae Heath Family
Vaccinium angustifolium Lowbush blueberry
Vaccinium myrtilloides Velvet-leaved blueberry
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Rubiaceae Madder Family
Cephalanthus Buttonbush
occidentalisMitchella repens Partridgeberry
Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family
Diervilla lonicera Bush-honeysuckle
Linnaea borealis Twinflower
Lonicera canadensis Fly-honeysuckle
Lonicera dioica Smooth honeysuckle
Sambucus canadensis Elderberry, Common elder
Sambucus racemosa Red-berried elder
ssp. pubens
Symphoricarpos albus SnowberryViburnum acerifolium Maple-leaved viburnum
Viburnum cassinoides Wild raisin, Witherod1
Viburnum lentago Nannyberry
Viburnum Downy arrow-wood
rafinesquianum
Viburnum trilobum Highbush cranberry
Aquatic Plant Species List
The following plant species are recommended by MOE
for use in stormwater management ponds; not all
species are native to Waterloo Region.
Deep Water Areas (1m < depth < 3m)
Pond Weeds:
Potamogeton pectinatus Sago pondweed
Potamogeton natans Floating-leaved pondweed
Potamogeton amplifolius Large-leaved pondweed
Others:
Heteranthera dubia Water Stargrass
Elodea canadensis Canada WaterweedCeratophyllum Coontail
demersum
Vallisneria americana Tapegrass
SHALLOW WATER AREAS (< 0.5m)
Pond Weeds:
Potamogeton natans Floating-leaved pondweed
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Potamogeton pectinatus Sago Pondweed
Others:Ceratophyllum Coontail
demersum
Elodea canadensis Canada Waterweed
Heteranthera dubia Water Stargrass
Lemna minor Lesser Duckweed
Lemna trisulca Star Duckweed
Nuphar variegatum Yellow or Bullhead Lily
Nymphaea odorata Fragrant White Waterlily
Emergent Species:
Typha latifolia Common CattailScirpus pungens American Bulrush
Sagittaria latifolia Common Arrowhead
Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed
Scirpus validus Softstem Bulrush
Sparganuim Giant Burreed
eurycarpum
Sedges:
Carex pseudocyperus Cyperus-like Sedge
Carex retrorsa Retrorse Sedge
Carex utriculata Beaked Sedge
Shoreline Fringe (near permanent pool)
Hydric Grasses:
Calamagrostis Canada Bluejoint
canadensis
Leersia oryzoides Rice-cut Grass
Festuca rubra Red Fescue (non-native)
Others:
Chelone glabra Turtlehead
Asclepias incarnata Swamp Milkweed
Verbena hastata Blue Vervain
Bidens cernua Nodding Beggarticks
Bidens frondosa Devil’s Beggarticks
Alisma plantago- Water-plantain
aquatica
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Pond Berming Areas:
Nymphaea odorata Fragrant White Waterlily
Scirpus pungens American BulrushScirpus validus Softstem
Filter Strips:
Festuca rubra Red Fescue
Agrostis alba Redtop
Aster novae-angliae New England Aster
Aster lanceolatus ssp. Tall White Aster
lanceolatus
Aster puniceus Purple-stemmed Aster
Solidago canadensis Canada Goldenrod
Solidago rugosa Rough GoldenrodSolidago altissima Tall Goldenrod
The following dependable species should usually be
planted in larger quantities:
Trees:
Eastern White Cedar Red Ash
Eastern White Pine White Ash
Trembling Aspen Balsam Poplar
Alternate-leaved Dog- wood
Sugar Maple Silver MaplePeach-leaved Willow Red Maple
Bebb’s Willow Chokecherry
Bur Oak Nannyberry
Smooth Serviceberry
Shrubs and Vines:
Slender Willow Common Elder
Ninebark Red-osier Dogwood
Winterberry Grey Dogwood
Virginia Creeper Riverbank Grape
Narrow-leaved Meadowsweet
Aquatic Plants:
Common Cattail Softstem Bulrush
Sago Pondweed Common Arrowhead
Water-plantain Canada Bluejoint
Sedges (Carex stipata, C.pensylvanica)
INVASIVE SPECIES
The following species are not suitable for restoration
and landscaping within and adjacent to StormwaterManagement Areas, woodlands and natural areas
because they are alien and highly invasive.
Other species may be added to this list as their
existence as an invasive problem becomes known.
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Woody Species:
Salicaceae Willow Family
Populus alba White Poplar
Betulaceae Birch Family
Betula pendula European birch
Berberidaceae Barberry Family
Berberis spp. Barberry species
Rosaceae Rose Family
Rosa multiflora Multiflora rose
Leguminosae Pea Family
Pueraria lobata Kudzu
Celastraceae Bittersweet Family
Celastrus orbiculata Oriental Bittersweet
Aceraceae Maple Family
Acer platanoides Norway Maple
Acer pseudoplatanus Sycamore maple
Rhamnaceae Buckthorn Family
Rhamnus cathartica Common Buckthorn
Rhamnus frangula Glossy Buckthorn
Vitaceae Grape or Vine Family
Ampelopsis Porcelainberry
brevipedunculata
Elaeagnaceae Oleaster Family
Elaeagnus angustifolia Russian-olive
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Elaeagnus umbellata Autumn-olive
Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle FamilyLonicera japonica Japanese honeysuckle
Lonicera tatarica Tartarian honeysuckle
Viburnum opulus Guelder-rose (or
European Highbush
cranberry)
Herbaceous Species:
Gramineae Grass Family
Miscanthus sinensis Feather grass
Phragmites australis Common Reed
Liliaceae Lily Family
Convallaria majallis Lily-of-the-valley
Hemerocallis spp. Daylily
Iridaceae Iris Family
Iris pseudacorus Yellow Flag
Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family
Polygonum cuspidatum Japanese Knotweed
Papaveraceae Poppy FamilyChelidonium majus Greater Celandine
Cruciferae Mustard Family
Alliaria petiolata Garlic mustard
Cheiranthus cheiri Wallflower
Hesperis matronalis Dame’s rocket
Leguminosae Pea Family
Coronilla varia Crownvetch
Lotus corniculatus Birdsfoot-trefoil
Lathyrus latifolius Everlasting or perennial peaMelilotus alba White sweet clover
Melilotus officinalis Yellow sweet clover
Trifolium hybridum Alsike clover
Trifolium pratense Red clover
Trifolium repens White clover
Vicia cracca Tufted-vetch
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family
Euphorbia cyparissias Cypress spurge
Euphorbia esula Leafy spurge
Balsaminaceae Touch-me-not Family
Impatiens glandulifera Pink Touch-me-not
Malvaceae Mallow Family
Malva moschata Musk mallow
Violaceae Violet Family
Viola odorata Sweet violet
Lythraceae Loosestrife FamilyLythrum salicaria Purple Loosestrife
Umbelliferae Carrot or Parsley Family
Aegopodium podagraria Goutweed
Pastinaca sativa Wild parsnip
Primulaceae Primrose Family
Lysimachia nummularia Moneywort
Apocynaceae Dogbane Family
Vinca minor Periwinkle
Boraginaceae Borage Family
Myosotis scorpioides True Forget-me-not
Labiatae Mint Family
Ajuga reptans Bugleweed
Glechoma hederacea Ground-ivy
Rubiaceae Madder Family
Galium mollugo Wild madder
Campanulaceae Bluebell Family
Campanula Creeping bellflower
rapunculoides
Compositae Aster Family
Achillea millefolium Common yarrow
Centaurea maculosa Spotted Knapweed
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SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Chrysanthemum Ox-eye daisy
leucanthemum
Senecio jacobaea Stinking willieTanacetum vulgare Tansy
Tussilago farfara Coltsfoot
Native Trees and Shrubs of the Waterloo Region NOT
Suitable for General Use in Natural Areas:
The following native species are not recommended for
general use as they are highly restricted to specific
habitats in the Waterloo Region. They should be
planted only in the immediate vicinity of areas where
they now exist or have been reliably documented inthe past. This list has been adapted from lists
authored by the Region of Waterloo and the
Federation of Ontario Naturalists.
Key to Numbers:
1-Regionally Significant to Waterloo
2-Mainly restricted to Carolinian Forest Zone
3-Use only in North Dumfries Township (removed from
following list for Kitchener)
4-Use local genotypes only
SCIENTIFIC NAME COMMON NAME
Trees:
Pinaceae Pine Family
Picea glauca White spruce 1
Betulaceae Birch Family
Alnus incana Speckled Alder 4
ssp. rugosa
Betula populifolia Grey birch1
Fagaceae Beech Family
Quercus ellipsoidalis Hill’s oak 1,4
Rosaceae Rose FamilySorbus americana Mountain-ash
Shrubs:
Myricaceae Bayberry Family
Comptonia peregrina Sweet-fern 1
Myrica gale Sweet gale 1
Betulaceae Birch Family
Betula pumila Swamp birch 1
Rosaceae Rose Family
Amelanchier humilis Service-, Juneberry
Amelanchier sanguinea Dwarf JuneberryAmelanchier spicata Serviceberry 1
var. stolonifera
Rubus flagellaris Northern dewberry
Rubus hispidus Swamp dewberry
Rubus odoratus Purple-flowering
raspberry 1
Anacardiaceae Cashew Family
Rhus aromatica Fragrant sumac 1
Elaeagnaceae Oleaster FamilyShepherdia canadensis Soapberry 1
Araliaceae Ginseng Family
Aralia hispida Bristly sarsaparilla 1
Pyrolaceae Wintergreen Family
Chimaphila umbellata Pipsissewa 1,3
Ericaceae Heath Family
Andromeda polifolia Bog-rosemary 1,4
ssp. glaucophylla
Arctostaphylos uva-ursi Bearberry 4Chamaedaphne Leatherleaf 4
calyculata
Epigaea repens Trailing arbutus 1,4
Gaultheria hispidula Creeping snowberry 1,4
Gaultheria procumbens Wintergreen 4
Gaylussacia baccata Black huckleberry 4
Kalmia polifolia Bog-laurel
Ledum groenlandicum Labrador-tea 1,4
Vaccinium corymbosum High-bush blueberry 1,4
Vaccinium macrocarpon Large cranberry 1,4
Vaccinium oxycoccos Small cranberry 1,4Vaccinium pallidum Dryland blueberry 4
Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family
Lonicera hirsuta Hairy honeysuckle 1,4
Lonicera oblongifolia Swamp fly-honeysuckle 1,4
Viburnum alnifolium Hobble-bush 1,4
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15.0
LANDSCAPE DESIGN
Landscape Standards:
Appropriate landscaping is required to achieve thefollowing:
• Provide seasonal colour, texture and variety.
• Add visual interest to open spaces, blank facades
and enhance the appearance of building setbacks
and yard areas.
• Soften dominant building mass and provide human
scale for the pedestrian.• Provide definition of public walkways, open areas
and private spaces.
• Provide a consistent visual image between
adjacent properties and streetscape.
• Screen unsightly areas and provide protection
from excessive wind, sun, rain and snow.
• Stabilize steep embankments.
• Mitigate or minimize the visual impact of parking
and service facilities from adjacent properties andstreets.
• Achieve energy conservation and water efficiency.
• Implement design practices which contribute to
successful long-term maintenance.
• Protect natural features and promote tree
conservation.
• Create safe urban environments.
Planting Standards for all Land Uses:Planting Material Specifications
Figure 15.1 indicates the minimum landscapestandards for various types of development. Thesefeatures should be incorporated into the site plan andlater detailed on the landscape plan.
Minimum acceptable sizes for plant material:
• Deciduous Trees: 50 mm caliper for all land uses
except for Residential High Rise where 70 mm
caliper will be required
• Coniferous Trees: 1.8 m high
• Shrubs: 35-50 cm high minimum depending on
species.
The spacing of plant material should account for theultimate size and form of the selected species as wellas intention e.g. screening, shade, aesthetics,naturalizing, rehabilitation, etc.
Sod / seed planting areas shall have a minimumtopsoil depth of 150mm. Shrub planting areas shall
have a minimum topsoil depth of 300mm. Areasaccommodating trees are required to have a minimumof 1.0m continuous soil depth or a minimum of 20m3of soil volume per tree (all depth measurements aretaken from base of root ball or container). Adequatesoil volume should be provided to allow for theexpected mature size of a tree, and, where necessarythis should go beyond the specified minimum of 20cubic meters of soil. Project Landscape Architect toprovide written confirmation to City of Kitchener staffthat soil volumes noted have been achieved prior tocommencement of final planting.
For final acceptance of a project and release of theLetter of Credit, all required plant material must be ingood health and actively growing. Seeded areasshould be well germinated with a minimum of 70%coverage.
Tree Spacing
High branching deciduous trees (shade trees) arerequired along property lines according to Figure 15.2.These trees should have a mature height that isexpected to exceed eleven (11) metres and have anexpected crown spread of nine (9) metres or greater.These perimeter planting requirements are in addition
to other landscape planting requirements that may benecessary for a particular development.
Landscape plantings along property lines servenumerous aesthetic, environmental and socialfunctions and in order for these plantings to thrive,minimum soil depth/volume requirements and aminimum bed-width to property line are required basedon proposed and adjacent land uses. .
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LANDSCAPE SITE STANDARDS
Standard Indus Com
High
RiseRes’al
Low Rise
Res’al Instit
Vehicular access to the site is to be defined by accent planting x x x x x Main building entrances to be identified by a landscape area (accentand/or foundation planting) x x x x x
Pedestrian walkways to building entrances to be provided from theparking area x x x x x
Walkways, flush curb & ramps to be provided and designed for peoplewith disabilities x x x x x
Landscaping screening required for parking storage and service areas x x x x x Air vents and underground storage tanks are not to be located in thelandscaped area x x x x x
Children’s recreation facilities c/w walkway connections from the
building to the recreational facilities x x
Where landscaping will be placed on a roof structure, the followingdepths of materials are required:• 15 cm of drainage gravel plus 40 cm topsoil for sod• 15 cm of drainage gravel plus 60 cm topsoil for shrubs• 15 cm of drainage gravel plus 90 cm topsoil for trees
x x x x x
Landscape screening of privacy areas required from adjacentpedestrian walkways, internal roadways, recreational amenities &service areas
x x
Landscape screening and/or fencing required for all exposed parking,ground-level units, service & garbage areas adjacent to other uses x x x x
Streetscape along internal roads x x x Landscape screening of rear yard setbacks between privacy areas oftownhouse blocks x
Patios which may include wood decks required to be a minimum of
11m2 (not including steps) x Privacy screens (1.8m high wood screen fence required between rearprivacy areas of units x
Privacy screen returns may be required depending upon layout oftownhouse blocks x
For large and/or high profile sites, establish focal points or areas ofgreater interest. For example, a sculpture, flower garden, poolfountain, patio, naturalized areas, etc.
x x x
Incorporate landscape features into rest areas to provide protectionfrom environmental elements such as wind, sun, street noise, etc. x x x x x
Construction of berms or grade changes is encouraged to providetopographical relief x x x x x
Bicycle racks x x x x x Intensive landscape treatment required at intersection of municipal
roadways x x x x xPedestrian walkways to be minimum of 1.5m wide
Width of walkway abutting parking stalls is 1.8m minimum. x x x x x
Emergency fire routes, other than vehicular routes, shall conform tothe to the satisfaction of the General Manager of Development andTechnical Services
x x x x x
Retaining walls over 1.0m high require a guard rail at top of the wall x x x x x
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LANDSCAPE SITE STANDARDS
Standard Indus Com HighRise
Res’al
Low RiseRes’al
Instit
Drainage swales shall be graded with gradually sloping banks andsodded for stabilization and ease of maintenance x x x x x
Landscaped portable sign locations x x x Recycling and garbage collection areas. For industrial sites,enclosures are only required if the recycling and garbagecollection area is visible from street.
x x x x x
Curbed traffic islands defining major internal routes to beminimum of 2.6m wide (measured from back face of curb to backface of curb) for plant material installation
x x x x
Ground supported and portable sign locations x x x x x
Community Garden x x Minimum required soil: sod/seed (150mm depth); shrub beds(300mm depth) ; trees (1000mm continuous soil depth or 20m3per tree).
x x x x x
Figure 15.1 Landscape Requirements for Various Land Uses
Figure 15.2: Tree Spacing Requirements Between Proposed and Adjacent Land Uses
Tree Spacing RequirementsBetween Proposed and Adjacent Land Uses
Proposed
Land Use
Adjacent
Commercial
Adjacent
Industrial
Adjacent
Institutional
Adjacent
Residential
AdjacentMunicipal
Street
AdjacentGreen Belt/
Park
Commercial 12 m 9 m 9 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m
Industrial 9 m 12m 6 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m
Institutional 9 m 9 m 9 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m
Residential 6 m 6 m 6 m 6 m 7.5 m 9 m
Municipal Street 7.5 m 7.5 m 7.5 m 7.5 m N/A N/A
Green Belt/Park 9 m 9 m 9 m 9 m N/A N/A
Note:1. All plant material shall be nursery grown in accordance with C.N.L.A.2. Minimum bed width for landscaped areas along property lines in industrial or commercial land uses adjacent to residential
or institutional land uses is 3m. For all other land uses 1.5m bed width is required.3. Minimum 1.0m continuous soil depth or minimum 20m
3of soil volume per tree for all tree planting areas within medians
adjacent to road ways and islands within parking area.
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Signage within the Landscape:
All building and ground-based signage is subjectto the City of Kitchener Sign By-law. Sign permitsare required for all permanent and temporarysignage including contractor’s signs for newconstruction. The City of Kitchener Sign By-lawcan be found on-line at:
http://code.municipalworld.com/kitchener/680.pdf
Portable Signs
The key requirements of portable signs are:
•
To keep portable sign locations out of the roadright-of-way and improve the quality of the
streetscape, specific areas must be selected for
the placement of portable signs. Conceptual
layout and landscaping requirements for portable
signs are found in Figure 15.3.
• To be placed in such defined locations as shown
on a landscape plan approved by the Director of
Planning, or designate, for all new development or
redevelopment sites. Landscape plantings are to
skirt the base of the lowest level of the trailer/sign
bed while still providing adequate access to theportable sign.
• Portable signs are prohibited within 0.6m of any lot
line, within 10m of any traffic light, within the
4.57m visibility triangle at an entrance or exit to a
site, or within the 4.57 visibility triangle where two
lots abut at a street line.
Ground Supported Signs
All ground supported signs are subject to the
requirements outlined in the City of Kitchener Sign By-
law and should be designed and located to achieve
the following:
• Signage should not impact or interfere with the
growth of either municipal street trees or on-site
trees. Removal or significant pruning of trees to
accommodate signage is not acceptable. A
minimum separation distance of 10 metres from
any existing or proposed tree trunk for signs
greater than 2.5 metres in height is required.
• Signage should not clutter the streetscape by way
of graphic overload or too much information.
• Signage should compliment the architectural
design and materials of the building(s) found on
site.
• Signage should be integrated into the landscape
design for the development and be illustrated on
the approved Landscape Plan.
• Signage shall not obstruct drivers’ views of
approaching pedestrians or vehicular traffic.
Parking Lots:
Landscape plantings, including trees, are required
both around the perimeter of parking lots and on
parking lot islands internally on the site.
Landscaping of parking lots shall:
• Provide an aesthetically pleasing view from the
street.
• Break up the monotony of large expansive parking
surfaces.
• Reduce summer pavement temperatures.
• Unify, through landscaping, the appearance of the
subject site and co-ordinate it with the surrounding
development.
• Screen adjacent areas from headlights, and the
view of cars.
• Define access aisles to and from parking facilities.
• Attractively and efficiently separate adjacent
parking lots under separate ownership and servingseparate developments (except in cases of joint
legal access).
• Counter balance the ecological deterioration
caused by extensive pavement area and exhaust
emissions from automobiles.
• Promote the safety and orientation of users.
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Figure 15.3: Conceptual Layout and Landscape Requirements for Portable Signs
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Figure 15.4: Site Plan Illustrating Sign Restrictions for Sight Visibility
Figure 15.5: Planting Areas for Parking Lots
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Landscape Development External to the Parking
Lot:
When a parking lot is located adjacent to a public right-
of-way, a landscaped strip shall be provided on theproperty between the parking lot and the r ight-of-way.The landscaped strip may not include any paved areaexcept pedestrian walkways and parking lot andloading zone driveways which cross the landscapedstrip.
Any of the following landscaped strip treatments maybe used alone or in combination:
• Provide a minimum 3 metre wide landscaped strip
between the right-of-way and the parking lot which
is to be planted with a minimum of one (1) shade
tree and twelve (12) square metres of shrub bed
per 7.5 metres of frontage.
• Provide a minimum three (3) metre wide
landscaped strip and a maximum one (1) metre
grade drop from the right-of-way line to the
adjacent parking lot pavement. Plant the resulting
embankment with a minimum of one (1) shade
tree and eight (8) square metres of shrub bed per
7.5 linear metres of frontage, excluding driveway
openings
• Provide a minimum three (3) metre wide
landscaped strip and a berm, the top of which is at
least 0.75 metres higher than the elevation of the
adjacent parking lot pavement. The slope of the
berm shall not exceed 33% (3:1) for lawn areas.
Berms planted with ground covers and shrubs may
be steeper. However, no slope shall exceed 50%
(2:1). Berms should be graded to appear as
smooth, rounded, naturalistic forms. Avoid narrow
bumps, which result from creating too much height
for the width of the space. Plant with a minimum of
one (1) shade tree and eight (8) square metres of
shrub bed per 7.5 linear metres of frontage,
excluding driveway openings
• Provide a minimum three (3) metre wide
landscaped strip between the right-of-way line and
the parking lot, with a 0.91 metre high brick, stone
or finished concrete wall to screen the parking lot.
Plant with a minimum of one (1) shade tree per 7.5
linear metres of frontage and four (4) square
metres of shrub beds abutting the wall per 7.5
linear metres of frontage undisturbed.The equivalent number of trees and combining ofshrub beds can be provided in a group or groupingsalong the landscaped strip. No shrub shall be morethan 0.6 metres high within the first metre parallel tothe property line. The remaining shrubs are to bemaintained at a maximum height of 1.2 metres, forsafety reasons and 1 metre maximum height within avisibility triangle.
The above noted groupings will provide opportunitiesfor visibility windows, mass shrub bed plantings, andpedestrian access points. The use of these groupings
will discourage monotonous linear planting andencourage imagination in design and layout.
Landscape Requirements Around the Edge of
Parking Lots for Vehicular Sales Facilities:
When a vehicular sales facility is located adjacent to apublic right-of-way, a three (3) metre wide landscapestrip shall be provided as per the requirementscontained in “Landscape Development External to theParking Lot”. The parking lot area landscape striprequirements for vehicular sales facilities will allow forthe creation of picture frame(s) along streets for
vehicular sales display.
The following formula shall be used to determine thedisplay area allowed per street frontage: LinearDistance of Street Frontage (from lot line to lot line orfrom lot line to corner in metres) x 0.25 = Display area(in metres). Vehicles in the display area shall belocated behind a continuous 30 cm height planting andall vehicles shall be parked at grade.
Landscape Requirements for Development Internal
to a Parking Lot:
• Divide lot into smaller sections by the use of
curbed, landscaped islands and peninsulas.
• Islands (and circulation aisles) should be oriented
in the direction of pedestrian movement.
• Islands or peninsulas are required at the end of
the parking aisles.
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• Landscaped planting areas, measured from
backside of curb, shall have a minimum dimension
of 2.5 m.
• Islands and peninsulas are to be 1 m shorter (faceof curb) than the length of the adjacent parking
stall.
• Planting area shall contain no more than one
shade tree per 11.5 square metres, minimum 50
mm caliper shade tree and suitable ground cover;
not pavement or turf.
• No vehicular parking space shall be located farther
than twenty five metres (25m) from an interior
shade tree planting area. In addition, the
maximum number of parking stalls in aconsecutive row is 20 with a planting island
separating the next 20 stalls or drive aisle.
• Planting islands are to be designed to hold 1
shade tree, minimum 50mm caliper, or 2
ornamental single stem trees (e.g. Serviceberry,
Crabapple, Silk Lilac, etc.) and a minimum one
half of the island area to be covered with shrubs or
perennial plantings. (Note: materials other than
trees should be specified to be 0.9m high or less)
and trees must be limbed up with no branchesbetween 0.9m and 1.6m high.
• All interior landscaped planting areas must be
protected from the encroachment of automobile
traffic by continuous concrete curbing.
• Plant material should be carefully chosen for
parking lot treatments having such qualities as:
• Pollution, salt and drought tolerant.
• Easily maintained.
•
Free of nuisance fruit or berries.
• Hardy and strongly branched.
• Ground cover rather than turf under trees.
• Plant material at intersections shall not obstruct
drivers’ views of approaching pedestrians or
vehicular traffic and must be less than 0.9m in
height.
• Consideration must be given in the landscape
design for winter maintenance/snow plowing and
snow storage.
Irrigation Systems:
The City requires the installation of undergroundirrigation systems for commercial properties andprestigious industrial sites (i.e. Lancaster CorporateCentre, sites zoned B-3, sites adjacent to Regionalroads). This requirement applies to ornamentalplantings within the streetscape. It is also highlyencouraged to install underground irrigation systemsfor areas of high stress such as interior landscapedplanting areas in parking lots. The City also highlyrecommends underground irrigation systems forindustrial, multi-residential and institutional sites.
Irrigation Design Criteria are as follows:
• Commercial properties require irrigation
everywhere, including parking islands.
• Cultivated landscaped areas shall be watered with
an irrigation system.
• Irrigation sprinkler layouts shall be designed to
minimize the amount of spray that will fall on
sidewalks, neighbouring properties, and adjacent
buildings.
• Back flow prevention devices shall be placed per
Ontario Regulation 815/84, plumbing code under
Ontario Water Resources Act.
• The City encourages the use of water efficiency
system design and materials and the use of drip
irrigation where appropriate, depending on site
conditions (i.e. soil type, etc.).
• All underground irrigation systems shall be
designed and certified by a Landscape Architect ora certified irrigation designer.
• Specifications for the irrigation system shall
include a watering schedule with amendments for
seasonal changes. Water used for irrigation shall
be minimized to the amount needed to maintain
adequate plant health and growth.
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• Install separate control valves for turf and non-turf
areas and to accommodate different water use
requirements within each control valve circuit.
• If a system is found to have overspray resulting inwater wasted on paved or street areas, then
system modifications to prevent overspray will be
required before the release of the letter of credit.
• In some areas, low angle trajectory sprinklers with
pressure compensating devices, bubblers, or drip
irrigation should be used to prevent excessive loss
of water due to dissipation from winds and surface
runoff.
• The following irrigation system information should
be included:
• Location and type of all sprinkler heads.
• Size of mainline and irrigation piping.
• Location and size of water meter.
• Location of backflow prevention device.
• Location, size and circuit numbers of all
valves.
• Location of irrigation controller.
• A table showing the manufacturer and modelnumber of all parts used in the irrigation plan.
• Location of rain sensors and/or tensiometer (a
sensor which measures soil moisture and
salinity) to avoid over watering.
Community Garden:
The following are standards for the development of acommunity garden within a high rise or multi-residential development:
•
Supply a minimum of one garden plot per every 18units within the development.
• Supply a minimum of 2.35 sq. m of garden area
per unit.
• Gardens are suggested to be 4.6 m x 4.6 m with a
minimum of 1.5 m walkway around each garden to
allow access to each side of a garden plot.
• Supply a hose bib for watering within a 30 m
radius of any garden plot.
• Supply a location (room at ground floor with an
outside door or a garden shed) for the storage oftenants’ rakes, shovels, hoses, etc.
• Ensure that the community garden location
receives sufficient sunlight.
Invasive Non-Native Species:
The planting of aggressive non-native species withinor adjacent to woodlands or natural areas isdiscouraged in order to help safeguard the long termecological integrity of these areas. Section 14contains a list of trees and shrubs native to the
Waterloo Region and a list of aggressive alien specieswhich are not to be planted in the vicinity of woodlandsand natural areas.
Native Trees and Shrubs in Waterloo Region:
The species making up this list are indigenous to theWaterloo Region and some are Regionally Significant.Species restricted to the Carolinian Forest Zone havebeen highlighted. Although most Carolinian speciesare only found in North Dumfries Township some dooccur north of this area (e.g. Juniperus virginiana,Eastern Red Cedar). A complete listing of the Native
Trees and Shrubs of Waterloo Region is located inSection 14.
Landscape Plan Submission Requirements:
All landscape plans are to bear the LandscapeArchitect’s “Ontario Association of LandscapeArchitects” membership stamp and signature.Where it has been determined by the City’s Director ofPlanning that the proposed development will requirelimited landscaping, the requirement above will bewaived with the provision that it will be reinstated ifsatisfactory landscape plans have not been produced
after two formal submissions.
Landscape plan(s) submissions are to conform to theCity’s approved Site Plan. The grading is to conform tothe Site Grading, Drainage and Siltation ErosionControl Plan and Storm Water Management Plans forthis project as submitted by the Professional Engineer(s) for the project.
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Landscape Plan(s) submissions are to be final designand working drawings. All landscape plan(s)submissions are to be FOLDED to letter or legal size.
All landscape plan(s) submissions are to be submittedat a maximum scale of 1:250.
Landscape plans are to include the followinginformation and drawing instructions:
• A Key Plan at a scale of approximately 1:10,000
indicating the exact location of the site with a north
arrow.
• Natural features which are existing and those
which the developer has designated for
preservation, shall be indicated.
• Existing and proposed contours.
• Top and bottom of bank contours of all water
courses within the property.
• Adjacent roads and properties surrounding the
subject lands are to be adequately marked with
spot elevations to show the slope of the land.
• Proposed walls within the project boundaries are
to be marked with “top of wall” and “bottom of wall”
elevations.
• Steps shall be shown indicating their number and
size. Spot elevations are to be shown at the top
and bottom of the steps - drainage and flow arrows
to indicate direction of drainage.
• All catch basins and sub-drains shall be clearly
marked with proposed spot elevations.
• Building entrances and spot elevations at each
entrance (door and garages) and show the
finished ground floor elevations of all buildings.
• Location and elevation of underground structures.
• Location of walkways, parking lots, screens,
garbage enclosures, protective fencing, exterior
lighting, street furniture, hydrants, curbs, ground
supported and portable signs, and all other
existing and proposed features.
• Location of all temporary contractor signs,
development notices, zone change notices, etc.
must be indicated on landscape and site plans.
• Plant material is to be clearly located and labeledwith a key system. A plant list is to include the full
botanical name, common name, quantity, caliper,
height, spread and special remarks.
• Planting details - coniferous and deciduous trees
and shrubs (stalking, guying, installation, etc.).
• Soil depth/volume, types and additives (fertilizers,
peat moss, mulch etc.).
• Landscape structures - benches, play structures,
fences, walkways, garbage enclosure, retaining
walls, planters, stairs, ramps, etc.
• Playground structure details and CSA design
standard certification
• Surface materials should be specified and
installation details provided e.g.paving, sodding,
seeding, etc.
• All existing trees to be either preserved or
removed are to be accurately located and clearly
identified as to the species, diameter and condition
on the plan. If these trees are large, they shouldbe dealt with on an individual basis, otherwise,
general areas of small trees or shrub growth may
be shown. Trees on adjacent properties that will
be impacted by the proposed development should
also be noted.
• Type and location of all easements, sight triangles
and road widenings.
• Adult’s and children’s amenity areas should be
illustrated and fully dimensioned.
• Snow storage areas or methods of snow disposal.
• The following declarations should be included on
all Landscape Plans:
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Fencing Requirements:
Wood Fencing
The following are standards for typical solid screen
fencing:
• Height to be 1.8 m unless otherwise noted on the
approved site plan.
• Footings minimum 1.2 m deep poured concrete in
sonotubes.
• Posts maximum of 2.4 m on centre.
• Fasteners are to be non-corrosive (e.g. galvanized
rail hangers or brackets).
Chain Link Fence
Galvanized chain link fencing is to be detailed and
installed in a manner conforming to the detail found in
Figure 15.6.
Acoustical Walls
The design and structure of acoustical walls are to becertified by the Consulting Engineer for the project andapproved by the Regional Municipality of Waterloo andthe Supervisor of Site Plan Development,Development and Technical Services, City ofKitchener.
I hereby certify that the Landscape Plans and theSite Grading, Drainage and Erosion Control, andStorm Water Management Plans for this project arecoordinated with respect to proposed works and site
conditions.
_________________________________________ Signature and stamp (if applicable) of LandscapeArchitect/Designer:
__________________________________________ Date
___________________________________________ Signature and stamp of the ProfessionalConsultant(s) for Site Grading, Drainage andSiltation Control, and Storm Water Management.
__________________________________________ Date
We agree to implement the approved landscapeplans within one year of the date of firstoccupancy and will retain the LandscapeArchitect/Designer to make periodic site
inspections and on completion of the landscapeworks, we will forward to you a copy of the SiteDevelopment Works Notification Form from theLandscape Architect/Designer.Any revision to the landscape plans will besubmitted to the Urban Designer, City ofKitchener, before commencement of the works,for review and approval.We hereby authorize the City, its employees,agents or contractors to enter upon our land towhich these drawings apply, to complete therequired site development works and agree toindemnify the City and its authorized agents andsave them harmless from any and all actionsarising out of the exercises by the City, its
employees, agents or contractors of the rightshereby given to them. And we further undertaketo notify the City forthwith of any change ofownership of the said lands.
_______________________________________ Signature of Owner
_______________________________________ Name of Owner
_______________________________________
Address
_______________________________________ Date
______________________________________________ Telephone
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Figure 15.6: Chain link Fence Details
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Cycling Facilities
The design of our urban areas has a significant impact
on people’s ability/willingness to cycle. The bikewayand trail network recommended in the City’s BikewaysStudy and the Regional Cycling Master Plan identifiesa network of routes and design specifications intendedto make cycling a comfortable, safe and viable modeof transportation. Development in all land uses willprovide bicycle parking according to the appropriaterate noted below and be designed and located toachieve the following criteria.
Bicycle racks must be designed so that they:
• Do not bend wheels or damage other bicycleparts.
• Have two points of contact with the bike.
• Accommodate U-shape locks which secure the
frame and both wheels.
• Are separated from motor vehicles.
• Do not interfere with pedestrians.
• Are covered where users will leave their bikes for
longer periods of time.
• Are easily accessible from the street.
• Are securely anchored to a hard surface or a
structure.
Bicycle Parking:
Dimensions
• Bicycle parking spaces should be at least 1.8
metres long and 0.6 metres wide, and overhead
clearance in covered spaces should be at least 2.1metres.
• A 1.5 metre aisle for bicycle maneuvering should
be provided and maintained beside or between
each row of bicycle parking.
Covered Parking
The Canadian climate permits cycling virtually yearround. Leaving bicycles parked and exposed toprecipitation for longer periods of time is a deterrent tocycling in inclement weather. To promotetransportation based on cycling, sheltered bicycleparking should be provided to encourage cycling in allweather conditions.
Covered parking is necessary for land uses wherelong-term bicycle parking is anticipated, for example,some residential, institutional, commercial andindustrial uses having concentrated numbers of users.For customers, visitors and other occasional short-term users, covered parking is also beneficial.Covered spaces can be building or roof overhangs,awnings, lockers or bicycle storage spaces within
buildings.
The effectiveness of bicycle parking is oftendetermined by location. To reduce theft, a highlyvisible location with pedestrian traffic is preferable toobscure and dark corners. Because of its smaller sizethe bicycle can be parked closer to the rider’sdestination than a car.
Bicycle parking should be located in well lit, securelocations within 15 metres of the main entrance to abuilding, but not further from the entrance than theclosest automobile parking space, but in no casefurther than 15 metres from an entrance where severaentrances are involved. Curb cuts at the rack locationdiscourage users from riding on the sidewalk to accessthe racks.
Bicycle Parking Requirements
Land Use Required Number of
Spaces
All land uses except
school-related
Institutional
10% of the number of
automobile spaces required
by the zoning by-law
College or University 6% of the number of
students plus 10% of
required parking spaces
Primary or Secondary
School
10% of the number of
students plus 10% of
required parking spaces
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Garbage/Recycling Collection Structures:
A structure to accommodate garbage and recycling -complete with roof, walls and a solid door – is requiredfor all multi-residential, institutional and commercialdevelopments. Enclosures must be constructed ofmaterial that is similar to or compatible with thearchitecture of the main buildings.
Additional storage for materials that relate to theproposed development may be required e.g. storageof oil/grease recycling, coffee grounds or auto parts.
Collection facilities associated with restaurants,grocery stores, etc. contain a higher percentage offood waste. It is preferred that such uses integrategarbage/recycling storage within the main building andincorporate adequate ventilation and seals to ensure
rodent resistance and odor prevention. If HVACequipment is utilized for garbage/recycling enclosuresit must be screened in accordance with the provisionsof Section 7.0.
Garbage/recycling storage facilities shall not besituated next to a rear or side lot line that abutsexisting or potential residential uses.
Industrial developments are required to have completeenclosures only when visible from a public street.
Required building setbacks will apply to all structures.
Although stand alone facilities may be used forfacilities associated with any form of medical or dentaluse, waste storage should, preferably, be locatedwithin the main building. All medical waste storagefacilities must contain an effective locking mechanismfor security purposes.
As an alternative to a full enclosure, deep wellcollection systems may be used for any commercialinstitutional or multi-residential development.
All garbage/recycling storage areas are to be designed
such that they are easily accessible by servicevehicles and do not require the collection vehicle toreverse out onto a public street.
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16.0
COMMUNITY TRAILS
Definitions
Community Trails are both a recreational facility and anon-vehicular traffic route. Community trails provide fora variety of recreational experiences, are universallyaccessible and are included in all land usedesignations throughout the city.
Standards
Community Trails shall be located throughout the Cityas identified in the Leisure Facilities Strategic Plan,Community Plans, Greenspace Management Plans,
Kitchener Bikeway Study and Plans of Subdivision.The primary corridors for Community Trails areprovided by hydro corridors, floodplains, streamcourses, parks, stormwater management areas,abandoned railway lines, woodlands, wetlands andother natural areas.
Planning and Engineering:
Community Trails are a component of the urbaninfrastructure and are a requirement within all Plans ofSubdivision.
Community Trails and the requirements to implementthese facilities shall be considered in the preparationof:
• City of Kitchener Subdivision Manual
• Community Plans
• Greenspace Management Plans
• Environmental Impact Statements for Subdivisions
• Draft Plans of Subdivision
• Grading Control Plans for Subdivisions
• Subdivision Agreements
The planning, design, engineering and final grading ofall Community Trail routes shall be provided by thedeveloper in all Plans of Subdivision.
Trail Grading Requirements:
Grade:
• 5% preferred
• 8% maximum
• 20% maximum over distances of one meter or less
Cross Slope:
• 2% preferred
• 5% maximum
• 10% maximum over distances of one meter or less
Width:
• Rough grading - 4.0 meters
• Trail Surface – 3.0 meters
Excavation:
Existing soil topsoil shall be removed to a depth of 0.3
meters (300mm) to provide for surfacing material
installation. Unsuitable soil shall be removed to
additional depths as required and replaced withstructural fill and compacted to 95% spd.
Excavation may be deleted in woodlands or other
areas where damage to tree roots or other vegetation
would occur. Filling only with trail surfacing is
acceptable in these instances.
Drainage:
Concentrated surface runoff shall not be directedacross or along the proposed trail surface. Swales orculverts shall be provided within the trail corridor.
Surfacing:
The sub-grade shall be compacted to 95% spd, exceptin woodlands. Granular base course of 50mm gravelto a depth of 200mm. Surface of recycled asphalt to adepth of 50mm or other surfacing as required for slopeconditions, including oil and chip, hot laid asphalt andboardwalks.
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Erosion:
Re-vegetation of graded trail corridor shall be providedto prevent soil Erosion.
Accessibility by the physically challenged shall beconsidered in the location and grading of CommunityTrails. All trails need not be accessible to thephysically challenged, but a representationalexperience of all natural areas must be provided to alltrail users. Alternative routes shall be identified whichare accessible to the physically challenged if theprimary trail is not.
Vehicle Control Barriers:
Bollards and standard park gates are required at allintersections with roadways or other vehicle routes to
control vehicle access and user safety.
Signage:
Standard post type signage is required at all roadwayintersections.
Details:
Figure 16.1: Community Trail Entrance Sign
Figure 16.2: Community Trail Road Crossing
Figure 16.3: Community Trail Bollard
Figure 16.4: Community Trail Asphalt Paving
Figure 16.5: Community Trail Stonedust Paving
Figure 16.6: Community Trail Metal Gate
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Figure 16.1: Community Trail Entrance Sign
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Figure 16.2: Community Trail Road Crossing
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Figure 16.3: Community Trail Bollard
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Figure 16.4: Community Trail Asphalt Paving
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Figure 16.5: Community Trail Stonedust Paving
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Figure 16.6: Community Trail Metal Gate
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17.0BUILDING DESIGNAND SUSTAINABLE
DESIGN ELEMENTS INTHE RIGHT OF WAY
In January 2007 the Province’s Planning andConservation Statute Law Amendment Act (Bill 51)came into effect and in the spring of 2009 the City ofKitchener amended its Official Plan and Site PlanControl By-law to make use of the new legislativepowers afforded by Bill 51 to require and review plans,elevations and cross sections addressing the exteriordesign of buildings and sustainable design elementswithin municipal right-of-ways.
These legislative changes enabled the City to“promote development that is attractive, well-integrated and environmentally sustainable” and are inkeeping with the City’s vision to further advance itsUrban Design framework.
The Site Plan Review Committee endeavours toachieve site and building designs of the highest caliberby evaluating each application on a site-by-site basis.This Urban Design Manual and the component DesignBriefs serve as guiding documents and referencepoints in the review of Site Plan applications andsubordinate plans and documents. The Committee is
cognizant of the fact that each application is differentand therefore flexibility is critical to the interpretation ofthe Manual’s design standards. The committeebalances this need for flexibility against the need forconsistency and fairness.
As a condition of Site Plan Approval, all proposals foreither new development or for redevelopment will berequired to submit and have approved drawingsshowing plan, elevation and cross-section views for allbuildings to be erected. This includes all buildings tobe used for residential purposes regardless of thenumber of units.
Plans should be submitted that are sufficiently detailedto illustrate the following exterior building designconsiderations including, without limitation:• Character• Scale• Appearance• Design features• Sustainable design.
Building materials specifications and colour renderingswill be required and samples of proposed materialsmay be requested.
The exterior design of all buildings proposed throughsite plan as well as proposed sustainable streetscapedesign elements shall be consistent with all applicableCouncil-approved design policies, guidelines anddesign briefs.
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18.0PUBLIC ART
Definitions
Public Art is artwork located on sites in publiclyaccessible spaces to provide visual stimulation,cultural enrichment and a sense of place; public artshould be viewed broadly to include visual art, buildingelements and landscape design. Artwork creates arelationship between communities and development.
Standards
• The City of Kitchener shall allocate one percent of
the budget for civic building construction or
renovation projects over $1,000,000 towards theprovision of art to be displayed in pubic areas, or
as part of the building structure.
• The City of Kitchener will encourage new
commercial and institutional construction or
renovations to include the provision for public art
in the construction budget.
• Public art may play a functional or decorative
purpose within buildings, on specific development
sites, or strategic community locations. It is
intended that the application of the concept ofPublic Art include a wide range of art forms.
Building or landscape elements, such as
fountains, decorative doorways, signage,
architectural features, lobby or other public area
design elements, murals, sculpture or other
graphic expressions of any materials (glass, metal,
concrete, fabric, wood, neon, etc.) are considered
public art and may be used.
• The following considerations should be taken into
account in determining the location for public art:
• Public art is encouraged to be integrated into
the site and conceived with the historical and
future context in mind.
• Public art opportunities should be identified in
the conceptual stages in any project or public
work development in order to provide a well-
balanced program that can be successfully
integrated with the construction phase of the
development.
• Public art is to be cited in the request forproposal of all eligible projects.
• Public art should be sited at the more publicly
accessible parts of the site.
• Public art should be sited in a manner which
does not jeopardize other design objectives
such as providing clear sight l ines, barrier-free
access and personal safety and security.
• In the development of any project or community
plan, the City may identify and suggest
opportunities for public art within the specific
development or community area.
• Public Art competitions are selected by jury
process as facilitated by City staff (Arts & Culture
Coordinator) and members of the Public Art
Working Group. To assist in the development of
site artwork theme and design, the following public
criteria may be considered:
• What are the ages and socio-cultural
backgrounds of the community expected to
use this space?
• How can an art work pay particular attention to
the needs of children - to stimulate curiosity
and imagination, encourage play and
exploration?
• How may the special needs of the elderly be
taken into account - providing seats, shade,
places to talk, places to watch people?
• What is the history of the area or of the site:
what images could be drawn upon to offer acommunity memory of the area?
• What are some characteristic traditions,
festivities, celebrations, social events in the
community?
• Are there local writers, artists, philosophers,
scientists, community leaders who could be
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celebrated in an imaginative work of public
art?
• What are the occupations or industries that
were originally prevalent in the area, or onwhich the community was founded?
• Are there any stories or legends associated
with the region?
• What historical event took place on the site -
or recent events that are worthy of
remembrance?
• How can the placement of the art work
enhance the way people use the space?
• How can access by pedestrians of all ages beensured?
• How can one ensure that the art work is in a
public space - that is, accessible at all times
and not under private management?
• What level of durability and maintenance will
be required given the sites’ weather
conditions?
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19.0
REQUIREDSUPPLEMENTARY
STUDIESFor many development proposals additional studies ordocumentation may be required as either part of theinitial site plan application or as a condition of finalapproval. The need for and scope of any requiredstudy is generally determined at the pre-applicationstage for the proposal. Occasionally, the need foradditional information may not be apparent until theformal site plan application is reviewed.
Satisfactory completion of all required studies and thesubsequent implementation of all approvedrecommendations related to the issue will be includedin the conditions of final approval and the registereddevelopment agreement for the proposal.Examples of possible supplementary studies couldinclude but are not limited to:
• Angular Plane Analysis
• Heritage Impact Assessment
• Noise Study
• Record of Site Conditions
• Snow Deposition Analysis
• Transportation Impact Study
• Transportation Demand Management (TDM)
• Urban Design Brief
• Viewshed Analysis
• Wind Study
• Salt Management Report
• Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design
(CPTED) Report
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HERTIAGE IMPACTASSESSMENT
Standards
Requirements of the Heritage ImpactAssessment:
The following typically make up the minimum requiredcomponents of a Heritage Impact Assessment:
• Identification and evaluation of the significance of
the heritage resources, including the completion of
a detailed occupational and/or site biography.
• Documentation of the heritage resources by way
of photographs and/or measured drawings, and by
mapping the context and setting of the heritage
resources.
• An outline of the context of the development
proposal as submitted, including identification of
the potential impact the proposal would have on
the heritage resources identified.
• Identification of several conservation options.
Conservation options should be based on the
determination of the significance of the heritage
resources in the area, its importance to the
community, and should take into consideration
existing Federal, Provincial, Regional and
Municipal policies and standards as appropriate.
The ‘pros’ and ‘cons’ of each conservation option
in favour of preserving the integrity and value of
the resource shall be clearly identified and a
preferred option recommended. Examples of
conservation options include but are not limited to
the following:
Avoidance Mitigation:Preservation/Conservation
• This refers to maintaining the heritage resources
without altering it or its setting. Some degree of
restoration and/or rehabilitation work may be
required to properly preserve the resource.
Adaptive Re-Use
• This option is used when a heritage resource can
be recycled, often for a new function. Restoration
and/or rehabilitation is usually involved.
Consideration should be given to whether the newuse of the heritage resource renders its
significance invalid.
Incorporation
• This is an adaptive re-use strategy that typically
requires significant alteration. An addition may be
incorporated into the heritage resource to provide
more living space or accommodate a new function
or the heritage resource may itself be incorporated
into a much larger building, leaving all or part of
the original exterior and interior. Where AdaptiveRe-Use and Incorporation strategies are
considered, development may occur around the
heritage resource and create a sympathetic
context where adjacent development would be
compatible in style and form to the resource being
preserved.
Salvage Mitigation:
Where it is not possible to retain the heritage resourceintact, other less preferable options may be considered
such as Salvage Mitigation, recognizing however thatsuch options should be regarded as “last resorts”,acceptable only after other options have beenconsidered and demonstrated not to be viable.Salvage mitigation strategies for Heritage Resourceslisted in order of preference include:
Relocation
• This option includes relocating a heritage resource
away from the development to another setting.
Consideration should be given to whether the new
location of the resource renders its significanceinvalid.
Ruinification
• Allows the exterior of a heritage resource to stand
as a monument after the interior has been
completely removed.
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Symbolic Conservation
• Includes recovering unique or important
components of a heritage resource and
incorporating those components into theconstruction of new buildings, or copying
distinctive elements of the lost resource into the
subsequent development.
Conservation options recommending the retention ofall or part of the heritage resources shall identify thelot(s) or block(s) on which the heritage resourcesshould be located. In addition, the ‘preferred option’shall identify recommended mitigative measures thatwould minimize adverse or negative impacts to theheritage resources, including its loss or destruction,
diminishing its heritage significance or preventing itsuse or appreciation as a heritage resource. Forheritage resources where impacts cannot be avoidedor otherwise mitigated, demolition may be considered.A detailed explanation why the application ofconservation options is not possible must be provided.Heritage Impact Assessments shall be completed byindividuals who are qualified to comment on thevarious issues to be addressed in the assessment. Tosome extent some of the information to be included inthe assessment is available “in house” from the CityHeritage Planner, Heritage Kitchener (the LocalArchitectural Conservation Advisory Committee), and
through the developer or applicant. Otherrequirements of the assessment may require theservices of a professional heritage consultant.
STREET LEVEL
WIND/SNOW IMPACT
STUDY
The design and positioning of new buildings shall haveregard for the potential impact that the developmentmay have on ground level wind conditions both on the
proposed site and adjacent streets, sites and openspace areas. New development should not alterexisting wind conditions to the extent that it creates oraggravates conditions of wind turbulence and velocitywhich hamper pedestrian movement, or whichdiscourage the use of open space areas.
The street level wind impact study shall be sufficient todescribe the predicted street level wind conditionsassociated with the proposed development and the
measures or design modifications that may be taken toreduce adverse wind conditions to more acceptablelevels. Where preliminary findings warrant a moredetailed approach, the wind impact statement shall
include a wind tunnel analysis of the project.
The requirements for a wind impact statement may beimposed at an early stage in the consideration ofapplications for rezoning or site plan review. A streetlevel wind impact study will quantify and compareexisting wind conditions with the estimated conditionsthat would occur with the proposed development andbe evaluated against standard appropriate comfortcriteria for the City of Kitchener.
The study should also include recommendations forreducing any potential negative wind related impacts
from the development proposal including mitigation ordesign alteration.
In our region where snow can be a factor, snowloading and drifting can cause serious problems forbuildings and structures. Snow accumulationincreases structural loads, sometimes to the point offailure and drifts can obstruct roadways, walkways,and building entries.
In some instances, a snow deposition study may berequired as part of the site plan approval process.
SHADOW STUDIES ANDANGULAR PLANEANALYSIS
Shadow studies and / or Angular Plane Analysis maybe requested in support of applications for re-zoning orsite plan approval to demonstrate that the height,massing and/or location of a building will not createunacceptable impacts on adjacent lands.
These studies may be requested by the City forbuildings greater than 12.0 m in height which mayimpact adjacent residential properties, public parkland
or open spaces.
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20.0LETTER OF CREDITPOLICY FOR SITE
DEVELOPMENTWORKS
Requirements for Cost Estimate and Letter ofCredit:
For development proposals approved under Section41 of the Planning Act - Site Plan Approval - the Citymay require the completion of a cost estimate forrequired site development works and the posting ofperformance securities to be held against thecompletion of such works. This security is mostcommonly in the form of a Letter of Credit or certified
cheque.
The cost estimate and required securities must besubmitted prior to final site plan approval.
The full text of the City of Kitchener’s current Letter ofCredit Policy can be found at:
http://www.kitchener.ca/pdf/site_plan_letter_of_credit.pdf
A fillable spreadsheet version of the current cost
estimate form is available at:
http://www.kitchener.ca/pdf/site_plan_letter_of_credit_ chart.xls
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21.0SITE ALTERATIONAND TREE
CONSERVATION
Site Alteration By-law
The City of Kitchener passed By-law 2010-43prohibiting or regulating the placing or dumping of fill,the removal of soil and the alteration of the grade ofland. Under this By-law ‘site alteration’ activities onproperties 0.405 hectares (1 acre) and greater mayrequire a Site Alteration Permit be obtained. SiteAlteration Permits are administered by the EngineeringServices Department. Additional information can befound at:http://www.kitchener.ca/city_hall/departments/devtech
_services/planning/tree_conservation.html
Tree Conservation By-law
The City of Kitchener passed By-law 2010-42prohibiting or regulating the destruction or injuring oftree(s). Under this By-law the destruction or injuring ofa tree(s) on properties 0.405 hectares (1 acre) andgreater may require a Tree Conservation Permit to beobtained. Tree Conservation Permits are administeredby the Planning Department. Additional informationcan be found at:http://www.kitchener.ca/city_hall/departments/devtech
_services/engineering/development/site_alteration.html