32-SAMSS-009
Transcript of 32-SAMSS-009
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Previous Issue: 28 September 2005 Next Planned Update: 26 January 2013 Page 1 of 14 Primary contact: Alshaikh, Tariq Hussain on 966-3-8760121
Copyright©Saudi Aramco 2009. All rights reserved.
Materials System Specification
32-SAMSS-009 26 January 2009 General Purpose Steam Turbines
Compressors, Gears and Steam Turbines Standards Committee Members Alshaikh, Tariq Hussain, Chairman Khateeb, Eyad Mohammed, Vice Chairman Abbad, Hussain Ali Asiri, Saeed Mohammad Bukhamsin, Sulaiman Ali Hussain, Khaleel Ma'Atug Issa, Mohammad Abdallah Jamea, Khalid Hamad Janbi, Sohail Husain Khogair, Hani Ahmad Khowaiter, Abdul Rahman Othman Muqahwi, Sameer Salim Nguyen, Linh Van Odan, Nabeel Mohammad Sabri, Hasan Abdulrahman
Saudi Aramco DeskTop Standards Table of Contents 1 Scope............................................................. 2 2 Normative References................................... 2 5 Requirements................................................. 3 6 Basic Design.................................................. 4 7 Accessories.................................................... 8 8 Inspection, Testing and Preparation for Shipment...................... 13 9 Vendor's Data............................................... 13
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Document Responsibility: Compressors, Gears and Steam Turbines 32-SAMSS-009
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Next Planned Update: 26 January 2013 General Purpose Steam Turbines
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The following paragraph numbers refer to API STD 611, Fifth Edition, March 2008,
which is part of this Specification. The text in each paragraph below is an addition to
API STD 611 unless it is noted otherwise (e.g., exception). Paragraph numbers not
appearing in API STD 611 are new paragraphs inserted in numerical order.
1 Scope
(Modification) This Specification, together with the Data Sheet (2811-ENG or 2811-M-
ENG) and Purchase Order, defines the mandatory requirements for general-purpose
steam turbines rated above 220 kW (300 HP). General-purpose steam turbines with lower
power rating do not have to meet this specification but shall comply with API STD 611.
General-purpose steam turbine driven equipment shall be spared or shall not be critical
to plant operation. General-purpose steam turbines shall not be used for any of the
following applications (these applications require special-purpose steam turbines):
Having a rated power exceeding 3000 kW (4000 HP).
Having a maximum continuous speed (MCS) exceeding 6,000 RPM.
Having steam conditions exceeding a pressure of 4,800 kPa Gauge (700 psig) and a
temperature of 400°C (750°F).
Driving process gas compressors.
Turbines having a rated power exceeding 1,500 kW (2,010 HP) shall be of the multistage
design.
General-purpose steam turbines shall be supplied by Vendors qualified by experience in
manufacturing the units proposed. To qualify, the Vendor or his licensee must have
manufactured at least two turbines of comparable speed, power rating and steam inlet
conditions. The turbines must have been in continuous service for at least one year and
must be performing satisfactorily.
Turbines manufactured under a license agreement shall carry the licensor’s written
guarantee.
2 Normative References
Material or equipment supplied to this Specification shall also comply with the
references listed below:
2.1 Saudi Aramco References
Saudi Aramco Inspection Requirements
Form 175-320200 Turbines, Steam General or Special Purpose
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Document Responsibility: Compressors, Gears and Steam Turbines 32-SAMSS-009
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Saudi Aramco Standard Drawing
AA-036859 Lube Oil Circulation System Piping and
Instrument Diagram (P&ID)
Saudi Aramco Forms, Drawings, & Data Sheets
2811-ENG & Steam Turbine Data Sheet
2811-M-ENG
2.2 Industry Codes and Standards
American Petroleum Institute
API STD 611 General-Purpose Steam Turbines for Refinery
Service
API STD 671 Special-Purpose Couplings for Petroleum,
Chemical, and Gas Industry Services
American Society of Mechanical Engineers
ASME SEC VIII BPVC Section VIII Rules for Construction of
Pressure Vessels
ASME B31.3 Process Piping
American Bearing Manufacturers Association
ABMA 7 Shaft and Housing Fits for Metric Radial Ball and
Roller Bearings (Except Tapered Roller
Bearings) Conforming to Basic Boundary Plan
National Electrical Manufacturers Association
NEMA RN 1 Polyvinyl-Chloride (PVC) Externally Coated
Galvanized Rigid Steel Conduit and
Intermediate Metal Conduit
NEMA SM 23 Steam Turbines for Mechanical Drive Service
5 Requirements
5.3 Conflicting Requirements
(Exception) Any conflicts between this specification and other applicable
Saudi Aramco Materials System Specifications (SAMSSs), Engineering
Standards (SAESs), Standard Drawings (SASDs), codes and forms shall be
resolved in writing by the Company or Buyer Representative.
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6 Basic Design
6.1 General
6.1.3 Turbines having a rated power exceeding 1,500 kW (2,000 HP) shall be of
the multistage design and shall have a minimum isentropic efficiency of
75% at rated speed and normal steam conditions.
6.1.11 If seawater cooling is to be used, an inlet design temperature of 35°C
(95°F) shall be used.
6.1.12 (Exception) Equipment sound pressure levels for each new piece of
equipment or integrated unit shall not exceed 85 dB(A) at a distance of one
meter. Control of the sound pressure to meet these requirements shall be
the sole responsibility of the Vendor.
6.1.14 Unless otherwise specified on the datasheets, the equipment will be installed
outdoors in a desert area, with relative humidity from zero to 100% and
ambient temperatures from 1°C to 50°C (32°F to 120°F). Metal temperature
can reach 70°C (158°F) when exposed to direct solar radiation.
Additionally, equipment which is not enclosed or hermetically sealed but
is located offshore or near-shore (as specified on the datasheet) shall be
protected against failure due to windborne seawater spray and the
accumulation of wetted salt (NaCl).
6.1.17 Hand operated nozzle control valves shall be provided. Governor control
shall be stable for any combination of steam conditions and hand
controlled nozzle valve positions from no load to rated load.
6.3 Pressure Casings
(Modification) Pressure containing parts, including flanges and valves,
shall not be made of Cast Iron.
6.3.5 Axially split casing shall be designed to permit inspection and replacement
of the bearings without removal of the upper casing half.
6.3.6 (Exception) Turbines shall be axially split between bearings design
mounted horizontally. Radially split casing designs shall not be used.
6.3.8.5 (Modification) Minimum spot face diameter shall be twice the size of the
bolt hole.
6.3.9 Drain connections shall be piped individually to open atmospheric drain
lines and flanged stainless steel shut-off valves shall be provided. Drains
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Document Responsibility: Compressors, Gears and Steam Turbines 32-SAMSS-009
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shall not be manifolded and shall terminate with flanges outside insulation.
6.3.18 Vertical jackscrews shall be provided.
6.4 Casing Appurtenances
6.4.1 All turbines shall be protected against a closed exhaust valve by a Buyer
supplied relief valve in the exhaust piping between the turbine exhaust
flange and the block valve. The turbine Vendor shall advise the steam
flow rate for this valve based on minimum inlet steam conditions and
maximum exhaust pressure at the turbine rated power.
6.7 Rotating Elements
6.7.1 Rotors
6.7.1.2 Metal plating/coating of the disc bore or shaft under the wheel is not
allowed. Axial disc movement shall be positively prevented by providing
a shaft shoulder or equivalent in the rotor design.
6.7.3 Blading
6.7.3.1 For all blading, the blade Goodman Factor shall not be less than 3.0.
6.7.3.3 Blades shall be one-piece design incorporating any spacing required
between adjacent blades as an integral part of the blade design. No
spacers, crush pins, or other packing pieces are acceptable.
6.8 Seals
6.8.1 (Exception) Non-Contacting mechanical seals shall be provided for all
applications. The seal design shall be of the self-cleaning face type.
Carbon ring type sealing is not acceptable.
6.8.6 Sealing steam pressure shall be automatically controlled for multistage
turbines.
6.9 Dynamics
6.9.2 Lateral Analysis
6.9.2.3 Calculations and supporting test data shall be provided for all multistage
turbines.
6.9.4 Vibration and Balancing
6.9.4.1 (Clarification) For multi-stage turbines, each bladed disc shall be
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dynamically balanced prior to being assembled on the shaft.
6.9.4.2 Single stage turbine rotors may be fully assembled and then balanced.
6.9.4.8 (Exception) The total combined electrical and mechanical runout for areas
to be observed by shaft relative displacement sensors shall not exceed:
9 micrometers (0.35 mils) for rated shaft speeds up to 3,600 RPM
6.35 micrometers (0.25 mils) for rated shaft speeds exceeding 3,600 RPM
6.10 Bearings and Bearing Housings
6.10.1.2 (Exception) Multistage turbines shall be provided with hydrodynamic
thrust and radial bearings.
6.10.2.1 (Modification) Anti-friction thrust bearings are not required to meet the
housing fit requirements of ABMA 7, provided that rotation of the bearing
outer race is positively prevented and the locking arrangement design has
been proven in service conditions at least as severe as those specified.
6.10.4 Bearing Housings
6.10.4.1.4 (Modification) The ambient temperature ranges from 1°C to 50°C (32°F to
120°F). For hydrodynamic thrust and radial bearings, the metal
temperature shall not exceed 105°C (220°F) at the loaded area, based on a
maximum oil inlet temperature of 60°C (140°F).
6.10.4.1.5 The oil inlet temperature shall be taken as 60°C (140°F) for all lube oil
systems using air coolers, and 50°C (122°F) for lube oil systems using
water cooling. The bearing oil outlet temperature shall not exceed 88°C
(190°F).
6.10.4.4.8 The wobble plate minimum thickness shall be 3/8 inch.
6.10.4.3 Oil Mist Lubrication
(Exception) Oil mist lubrication shall not be applied.
6.11 Lubrication
6.11.2 If a forced feed lubrication system is not provided, a circulating oil system
shall be supplied.
6.11.3 The circulating lubrication oil system shall comply with Saudi Aramco
Standard Drawing AA-036859. Two identical lube oil pumps shall be
provided. An oil disk shall be supplied for backup lubrication.
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6.11.4 The required oil is ISO VG 46. Other oils may be used only during shop
testing provided that the temperature is adjusted to reach a viscosity equal
to the lowest at site conditions.
6.11.6 The complete lube oil system shall be fabricated from AISI-316 stainless
steel. Valves may be carbon steel with stainless steel trim. Water cooled
heat exchangers shall be of shell-tube design, and shall be limited to the
following materials: Bronze, Admiralty Brass, or Stainless Steel. Dual 10
micron filters are required.
6.12 Materials
6.12.1 General
6.12.1.3 Ductile iron is not acceptable for pressure parts
6.12.1.4 Cast blades are not acceptable. For services where saturated inlet steam is
used, AISI 400 series or precipitation hardened stainless steel shall be used
for blading, nozzles, support rings and wheels (except for integral rotor
wheels).
6.12.4 Welding
6.12.4.4 All weld repair procedures, including the welding procedure specifications
(WPS), together with supporting documentation shall be submitted through
the Company or Buyer.
All major repairs shall be documented. The documentation shall include
the following:
a) Extent of the repair;
b) Location;
c) Size;
d) The WPS to be used to effect the repair;
e) Detailed photographs of the defect:
1) Prior to any preparatory work;
2) After preparation but prior to the actual repair.
If the location of the defect cannot be clearly defined by photographic
means, the location shall be indicated on a sketch or drawing of the
affected component.
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The repaired part shall be presented for inspection by the Company or
Buyer's Representative within two weeks after completion of the repair.
Reports as required by ASME SEC VIII shall be made available to the
Buyer.
The Buyer may require additional non-destructive examinations to verify
the acceptability of the repair. Such additional requirements shall then be
subject to mutual agreement between the Coordinator, Materials
Engineering & Corrosion Control Division, Consulting Services
Department, Saudi Aramco and the Vendor.
6.13 Nameplates and Rotation Arrows
6.13.1 Nameplate data shall be permanently etched, stamped or embossed into the
metal surface. Printing or painting data onto the nameplate is not
permitted. The nameplate shall be in English.
7 Accessories
7.2 Couplings and Guards
7.2.2 Metallic disc-pack or diaphragm type spacer couplings shall be supplied
on all turbines by the vendor responsible for the train. Lubricated
couplings are not acceptable. Couplings shall be designed to withstand
cold start-up and slow roll misalignment. Couplings shall be capable of
absorbing twice the maximum axial thermal growth. The coupling spacer
shall be a minimum of 12 inch Between Shaft Ends (BSE) to permit
removal of the coupling hubs without removal of the rotating elements or
movement of the machines. Shaft Coupling shall be continuously rated at
a minimum of 2.0 x turbine design rated torque.
7.2.6 Couplings for steam turbines rated at 1500 kW and above shall comply
with API STD 671.
7.2.11 (Modification) Coupling guard shall be of non-sparking material.
7.3 Mounting Plates
7.3.2 Baseplate
7.3.2.2 Baseplate design shall be such that no stationary liquid pools will form on
the surface.
7.3.2.4 The baseplate shall be provided with decking welded to the peripheral and
cross members. All walk areas shall be provided with non-slip surfacing.
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7.4 Controls and Instrumentation
7.4.1 General
7.4.1.1 The use of Intrinsic Safety as a protection method is required for all
instruments located within Class I, Zone 0 areas. In other electrical
hazardous areas (Class I, Zone 1 and Zone 2), I.S. systems shall only be
used where other methods of protection are impractical.
Only equipment, apparatus or devices that have been certified, labeled or
listed as intrinsically safe (I.S.) by a third party testing laboratory shall be
used or installed.
The intrinsically safe instrument enclosure shall be sealed to provide
adequate ingress protection (NEMA 4X) or IP-65.
Terminals installed outside the control panel shall be installed in terminal
boxes.
7.4.1.4 Conduits used for routing cables shall be closed, threaded, hot-dip
galvanized, rigid steel. Certified, liquid-tight flexible conduits suitable for
the area classification may be used only between the rigid conduit and
terminal head to tolerate vibration. Conduit fittings shall be steel, cast iron
or malleable iron, and hot dip galvanized or zinc electroplated. Nickel-
plated brass conduit fittings are also acceptable. Additionally, for offshore
or nearshore installations, the conduit and fittings shall be PVC coated per
NEMA RN 1 (minimum thickness of PVC: 40 mils).
As an alternative to the rigid conduits mentioned above, armored cables
routed on stainless steel cable trays, with SS covers, may be used. The
armored cables shall be suitable for the area classification and shall be
terminated using EExd glands with barrier seal at each end. The armored
cable shall be individually routed on the trays not bunched or joined to
adjacent cables. The cable trays supporting the armored cable shall be
elevated from the skid base plate and shall not be supported by any on-skid
piping. The cable trays shall not be routed underneath or across the top of
the turbine and clear maintenance access shall be provided
7.4.2 Governing Control Systems
7.4.2.1.4 (Modification) NEMA SM 23, Class D programmable digital electronic
governors shall be provided for all turbines.
7.4.2.2 Electronic governors for general-purpose steam turbines shall be of the
simplex type. Governor actuators shall be of the pneumatic piston type
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only, acting directly on the throttle valve, with no linkages. The governor
shall be installed at a maximum distance of 4 meter from the turbine.
Loss of electrical power to the governor or emergency trip device, shall lead
to an automatic trip. Loss of governor signal shall close the governor valve.
For turbines required to start automatically, electronic governors having
acceleration rate control shall be provided.
Governors shall be suitable for outdoor installation and shall be provided
with a sunshade. The maximum distance from a turbine to a governor will
depend on the type of instrumentation. For passive pickups and
transducers, the distance shall be limited to 75% of the maximum distance
providing satisfactory operation of the control system. Longer distances
shall require active pickups and transducers (with power supply or
modulated current transducers). The combination of the magnetic speed
pickup and the multi-toothed surface shall produce sufficient signal at 5
00 rpm and above such that the speed pickup fail-safe override feature of
electronic governors can be deactivated.
A combined, total train control system that provides control for the turbine
and the driven equipment is also acceptable.
7.4.2.2.10 Electronic governor shall be capable to control turbine starting from a
minimum of 20% design speed up to the Maximum Continuous Speed
(MCS). The electronic governor shall be capable of increasing turbine
speed beyond the maximum governor control range for testing the
overspeed trip.
7.4.2.3 Overspeed Shutdown System
7.4.2.3.1 A single valve to be used for Trip and Throttle functions is not acceptable.
An air operated globe type trip valve with spring return shall be supplied,
and designed for steam service with fail-closed design. The trip valve trim
shall be of hardened stainless steel. Mechanical linkages to the turbine are
not acceptable. The valve shall trip fully closed within 0.5 seconds
maximum. Trip shall be through a minimum of two solenoid operated
pneumatic-valves set at fail-safe mode, with one out of two trip action.
Solenoid valves to have, H-rated coils and Viton or Teflon soft seating.
The trip valve pneumatic actuator shall be of the piston-cylinder type, and
shall be equipped with a separate hand lever, with red color handle, for
manual trip.
The turbine shall be equipped with two independent overspeed trip
devices; one is taken from the governor and the other is a simplex
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electronic overspeed trip. Shaft mounted mechanical overspeed trip
mechanisms are not acceptable.
A total of four speed pickups shall be used; two dedicated for overspeed
and two dedicated for the electronic governor. The loss of one of the two
overspeed pickups output signals shall trip the turbine.
7.4.3 Instrument and Control Panels
7.4.3.2 The local panel enclosures shall be NEMA Type 4X or IP-65 (galvanized
and/or painted or coated carbon steel sheet metal enclosures are not
permitted), hardware shall be Type 300 Series stainless steel, and the
nameplates shall be attached to the cabinets using stainless steel screws.
The vibration monitor and readout instruments shall be remotely mounted,
unless otherwise specified. An interface must be provided to enable data
transfer between any control, alarm or trip function of the panel and the
central control room or DCS system.
7.4.4 Instrumentation
7.4.4.2 Tachometers
Electronic governor shaft speed display shall be used in lieu of the
tachometers.
7.4.4.3 Vibration, Axial Position and Temperature Detectors
7.4.4.3.1 The vibration instrumentation for steam turbines shall be as follows:
1. Turbines equipped with anti-friction radial bearings and rated above
220 kW (300 HP) shall be provided with one seismic vibration
transducer reading velocity on each bearing housing in radial
direction.
2. Turbines equipped with hydrodynamic radial and anti-friction thrust
bearings and rated from 220 kW (300 HP) to 746 kW (1,000 HP)
shall be provided with one seismic vibration transducer reading
velocity on each bearing housing in radial direction.
3. Turbines equipped with hydrodynamic radial and anti-friction thrust
bearings and rated in excess of 746 kW (1,000 HP) shall be provided
with the following:
a) Two non-contacting vibration probes in each radial bearing
housing,
b) One seismic vibration transducer reading velocity mounted on
the thrust bearing housing in radial direction,
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c) One key phasor probe, to measure shaft speed, on the driver
shaft.
4. All turbines equipped with hydrodynamic radial and thrust bearings
shall be provided with the following:
a) Two non-contacting vibration probes in each radial bearing
housing,
b) One-even-per-revolution probe,
c) Two axial position probes.
7.4.4.3.2 Turbines of 1000 HP and above, equipped with hydrodynamic radial
bearings shall be provided with one embedded or tip-sensitive resistance
temperature detector in each bearing. If a hydrodynamic thrust bearing is
furnished, one embedded tip-sensitive resistance temperature detector shall
be provided on each the active and inactive sides of the bearing.
7.4.4.7 Pressure Gauges
7.4.4.7.2 All pressure Gauges shall be liquid filled and shall be mounted on a local
gauge board.
7.4.4.10 Flow Indicators
7.4.4.10.1 A sight glass in the oil drain return line for each bearing housing shall be
provided.
7.4.5 Alarms and Shutdowns
7.4.5.2 Sentinel valves shall not be furnished.
7.5 Piping and Appurtenances
7.5.1 General
7.5.1.5 Pipe bends shall have a surface free of cracks and buckles. Flattening of
the cross section of bends shall not exceed 5% of the nominal pipe
diameter. Bending procedures and required heat treatment shall be in
accordance with ASME B31.3. Mitre fittings such as mitre elbows and
mitre bends require the approval of the Compressors, Gears and Steam
Turbines Standards Committee Chairman.
7.5.2 Oil Piping
7.5.2.3 (Modification) All oil piping, tubing and reservoirs/tanks shall be 316L
Stainless Steel.
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8 Inspection, Testing and Preparation for Shipment
8.1 General
8.1.1 Inspection and testing shall be performed as indicated on the turbine Data
Sheet and the referenced Inspection Form 175-320200.
8.2 Inspection
8.2.1 General
8.2.1.1 Material test reports stating material type, chemistry and mechanical
properties shall be provided for rotating and stationary blades.
8.2.2.1.1 Steel castings shall be 100% radiographed when the proposed foundry has
never cast an identical casing. The radiographic examination of the
casting shall be made after rough machining of the casing.
8.3 Testing
8.3.1 General
8.3.1.1 Requirements for documentation and witnessing of tests shall be as
specified on the turbine Data Sheet and the Form 175-320200.
9 Vendor's Data
9.2 Proposals
9.2.1 General
All deviations clarification from this Specification shall be separately
listed by the Vendor in his bid quotation and shall refer to the relevant
paragraph numbers.
9.2.4 Curves
The vendor shall provide steam flow versus power performance curve(s)
for all conditions.
9.3 Contract Data
9.3.5 Installation, Operation, Maintenance and Technical Data Manuals
9.3.5.1 General
Manuals in searchable and printable electronic format, without copy right
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protection, shall be provided.
Revision Summary
26 January 2009 Major revision.