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K anji

Listen to the full conversation.

Kana

R om anization

C h igusa R a igetsu w a fuyu no bnasu o m orau.Y oshi K occhi m o! R aigetsu o totem o tanoshim i ni shiteru. Tokorode,

m ada S hikoku ryok e iku tsum ori?C higusa U n, s, s! K yonen kaisha no fuyu no bnasu w a heikin rokuj

nana m an gosen-en datta. K otoshi w a m ata fueru kara, okane w ayoy ga aru.

Yoshi R okuj nana m an gosen-en!! Ii n. U chi w a heikin roku m angosen-en datta. K otoshi m o heru kara, ch kanashii.

E nglish

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C higusa I can get w inter bonus next m onth.Y oshi S am e here! I'm looking forw ard to the next m onth. B y the w ay,

are you still planning the trip to S hikoku?C higusa Y es, that's right! The average of the w inter bonus last year w as

675,000 yen, and it w ill increase this year, so I have enoughm oney.

Y oshi 675,000 yen!! I envy you. O ur average w as 65,000 yen. It w illdecrease this year, too, so I'm really sad.

V ocabularyK anji K ana R om aji E nglish

fuyu w inter m orau to receive Shikoku S hikoku Island in

Japan yoy surplus, tim e

bnasu bonus heikin average m an'en 10000 yen heru to decrease fueru to increase jum y life span

natsu no bnasu sum m er bonus fuyu no bnasu w inter bonus

V ocabulary S am ple S entences

Fuyuyasum i w a, inaka de sugosu yotei desu.

I plan to spend this w inter vacation in m y

hom etow n.Seito kara nengaj o m oratta.

I received a N ew Y ear's greeting card from astudent.

Shikoku no E him e-ken w a m ikan no sanchi deym ei desu.

E him e prefecture in S hikoku is know n forproducing m andarin oranges.

I'm too busy to take the tim e to go to the gym .

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B oku w a, isogashikute, jim u ni iku yoy m onai.

Bnasu o ate ni suru na!

D on't count on a bonus!

Tesuto no heikin ten w a nij-ten datta.

The average score on the test w as 20 points.

15Ichi-jikan go-m an'en no shigoto desu.

This job pays 50,000 yen an hour.

Bnenkai no yosan ga hette shim atta.

They trim m ed the budget for the year-endparty.

Ptii no sanka ninz ga fuete shim atta.

The num ber of people attending the partyincreased.

Sukaidaibingu nante, jum y ga chijim u yo.

S kydiving m ight cut m y life short.

G ram m ar P oints

The noun tsum ori

Tsum ori is a noun that m eans "intention" or "conviction." W hen it follow s the dictionary formof a verb or the inform al negative form (nai-form ) of a verb, it can express w hat the speaker isintending or planning to do (or not).

1) V .inf + tsum ori (copula)

kau tsum ori dakatta tsum ori da

2) adj-na + na + tsum ori (copula)

shizuka na tsum ori da

3) adj-i.inf.nonpast + tsum ori (copula)

hayai tsum ori da

4) noun + no tsum ori (copula)

tensai no tsum ori da

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E xam ples:JLP TK otoshi w a JLP T ikky o toru tsum ori desu.

"I intend to take level one of the JLP T this year."K onya w a eiga o m iru tsum ori da.

"I plan to w atch a m ovie tonight."

K anojo w a kirei na tsum ori da.

"S he is convinced that she is pretty."

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