3 Types of Wirings Ppt

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Electrical Installation and Practices

Topic:

Types of Electrical wirings and theirSelectionWiring accessories

Motors and starters

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Contents

Fundamentals of electricityElectrical word, definition and unitWiring SystemRequirement of electrical installationTypes of wiring System.TW Batten wiring

PVC Casing Capping WiringConduit Pipe Wiring.IE Rules of Wiring.

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Multy Storage wiring.Wiring Installation Diagram and Symbol.Fault of Wiring.

Magger.DC Motor and its Speed Control.Motor use in industries.Starter.Winding.Telephone Wiring.Transformer Winding.

Contents

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Fundamental concept of electrical energy Introduction. Importance of electricity. Use of electricity 1. In industries : Heating, welding,

electroplating. 2. Domestic : Light, fan, heater, washing

machine. 3. Commercial : Cinema, Lift, water pump,

lighting, adverting display.

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Direct Current. Alternating current.Source of electricity.

1. Battery.2. Dc generator.3. Alternator.

Fundamental concept of electrical energy

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Electrical word, Definition & Unit

Electromotive force. (emf)Current

ResistanceOne AmpereOne volt

Electric power One watt ( W )One Ohms

Electric energyOne kilo watt hour Specific resistance

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Wiring introduction & system

Introduction of wiring.Types of wiring as using.1. Domestic Wiring.2. Commercial Wiring.3. Industrial wiring.Wiring System1. Tree System.

2. Looping System.(a) Switch and two plate ceiling rose or

switch and batten holder lopping.(b) Three plate ceiling rose looping.(c) In junction box looping 7


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Indian electricity rules pertaining to Domestic wiring

Electrical Supply line and equipment sconstruction, I nstall ation, protection, operationand safety.

Consumer s service line and equipment.Cut out in consumers area.

Introduction of earth conductor and earth neutral position of switch and cut out. Earth terminal in consumers area. Handling of electrical supply line and equipment.Supply of energy and uses.

Seal of meter and cut out. 8


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Introduction of wiring.

Types of wiring according to the Uses.1. Domestic Wiring.2. Commercial Wiring.3. Industrial Wiring.

WIRING

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SafetyDurationAppearanceAccessibilityMaintenanceCost

Factors Affecting choice of wiring

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1. Cleat Wiring2. Batten Wiring(a) PVC Batten wiring.(b) TRS/CTS Wiring.

(c) Lead Sheath Wiring.3. Casing Capping wiring

(a) Wood Casing cappingWiring

(b) PVC Casing CappingWiring.

Types of Wiring

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4. Conduit Wiring(a) Surface conduit wiring

Metal Conduit WiringPVC conduit wiring

(b) Cunsild Conduit WiringMetal Conduit Wiring.

PVC Conduit wiring.

Types of Wiring

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Introduction

The types of wiring to be adopted is dependent onvarious factors, viz, durability, safety, appearance,cost, consumers budget etc.

Cleat wir ing This System uses insulated Cables sub protected

in porcelain cleats .

CLEAT WIRING

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Cleat wiring is recommended only for temporaryinstallations. The cleats are made in pairs having

bottom and top halves. The bottom half is grooved toreceive the wire and the top half is for cable grip.Initially the bottom and top cleats are fixed on thewall loosely according to the layout. Then the cable isdrawn, tensioned and the cleats are tightened by thescrew. Cleats are of three types, having one, two orthree grooves, so as to receive one, two or threewires. Two types of cleats.

CLEAT WIRING

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Cleat wiring is one of the cheapest wiring consideringthe initial cost and labor, and is most suitable fortemporary wiring. This wiring can be quicklyinstalled, easily inspected and altered. When not

required, this wiring could be dismantled withoutdamage to the cables, cleats and accessories

CLEAT WIRING

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CLEAT WIRING

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B.I.S. RECOMMENDATIONS FOR CLEATWIRING General

This system shall not be employed for wiring ondamp walls or ceilings unless precautions areadopted for effectively preventing dampness andthus the deterioration of the insulation of theconductors.

AccessibilityCleat wiring shall be run, as far as practicable, so as

to be visible. In positions where they would beliable to mechanical injury and where they are lessthan 1.5 m above the floor, they shall be

adequately protected.

CLEAT WIRING

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Class of cablesVulcanized rubber insulted cables, PVC and

polythene insulted cables, braided or unbraidedinsulted cables could be used without any further

protection. Cleats

All cleats shall consist of two parts, a base piece

and a cap. Cleats shall be fixed at distances notmore than 60 cm apart and at regular intervals .

CLEAT WIRING

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Distance apart of wiresFor pressure up to 250 volts, cleats shall be of suchdimensions that in the case of branch loads,conductors shall not be less than 2.5 cm apart,

centre to centre, and in the case of sub-mains notless than 4 cm apart, centre to centre. Care shall betaken in selecting the size of cleats particularly for

branch distribution wiring where two-way andthree-way porcelain cleats are essential and thedifference in size shall be reasonable. Care should

CLEAT WIRING

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also be taken ensure that grooves of porcelain cleatsare essential and the difference in size shall bereasonable. Care should also be taken to ensure thatgrooves of porcelain cleats do not compress theinsulation nor be too wide for a loose fit. Under nocircumstances two wires shall be placed in onegroove of the porcelain cleats.

CLEAT WIRING

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Crossing of conductorsWhere cleated conductors cross each other they shall beseparated by an insulating bridging piece, which willrigidly maintain a distance of atleast1.3 cm between the

conductors. Where joints are required for connecting bifurcating wires, junction boxes with porcelainconnectors inside shall be used.

Protection near the floor

No cleat wiring shall be left unprotected up to 1.5 m abovethe floor level. When brought through the floor it shall

be enclosed in a conduit. (IS 732-1963)

CLEAT WIRING

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Batten WiringTough rubber-Sheathed (T.R.S.) or PVC- Sheathedcables are suitable to run on teak wood battens.

Varnishing of teak wood batten Method of securing the battens Suitability of tough rubber-sheathed cable Suitability of PVC sheathed cable Painting Bending in wiring Passing through the walls Buried cable

BATTEN WIRING

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Link ClipsLink clips are used for family clipping the cables in

position.Link clips are of two types.

Link clip which has separate linking eye. Joint link clip which has combined linking eye.

Link clip are available in the following size .

BATTEN WIRING

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25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm, 63mm, 80mm, out ofwhich up to 40mm clips have one hole, while abovethat they have two holes for fixing.

Fig2 shows the joint link clips. These are available inthe sizes 16mm, 25mm, 32mm, 40mm, 50mm,63mm, 80mm with a thickness of 0.32mm and haveone hole up to 40mm while above that they have twohole for fixing.

Link clips are made of tin or brass- coated tin oraluminium.

BATTEN WIRING

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BATTEN WIRING

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IntroductionThis system of wiring is suitable for low voltageinstallation, in this wiring, cables like vulcanizedrubber, insulated cables or plastic insulated cables are

use and carried within the wood casing enclosures.The wood casing wiring system shall not be use indamp places and in ill-ventilated places, unlesssuitable precautions are taken.

CASING CAPPING WIRING

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Material and pattern of casingAll casing shall be of first class, seasoned teak woodor any other approved hardwood free from knots,shakes, saps or other defects, with all the sides planedto a smooth finish, and all sides well varnished, bothinside and out side with pure shellac varnish. Thecasing shall have a grooved body with a beaded or

plain- moulded cover as desired.


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Dimensions of casing.The size of casing and capping to be used for varioussizes of 250 volts grade insulated cables in a grooveshall be in accordance with those specified in table 1.

Bunching of circuits. Attachment of casing to wall and ceiling. Attachment of capping. Passing over the floors. Joints in casing and capping .


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Types of Joint1. Straight joint.2. Tee joint.3. Right- angled joint.4. Corner joint.5. Tee-bridge joint.

6. Cross- bridge joint.


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1. Straight joint .


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1. Tee joint.


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1. Corner joint.


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Half-lap T joint


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Cross- Joint


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IntroductionIn general, a conduit is defined as a tube or channel.Tubular conduit is the most commonly used

material in electrical installations. When cables aredrawn through the conduit and terminated at theoutlet or switch points, the system of wiring iscalled conduit wiring.

CONDUIT WIRING

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Types of conduits.There are four types of conduits used for wiring.1.Rigid steel conduit2.Rigid non-metallic conduit3.Flexible steel conduit4.Flexible non metallic conduit .

CONDUIT WIRING

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PVC Fittings and accessories couplers1. Couplers2. Elbow

3. Bends4. Tee5. Circular boxes

6. Rectangular boxes.

CONDUIT WIRING

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Couplers

CONDUIT WIRING

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Elbow

CONDUIT WIRING

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Bends

CONDUIT WIRING

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Tees

CONDUIT WIRING

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Circular boxes

CONDUIT WIRING

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Rectangular boxes

CONDUIT WIRING

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Junction Boxes

CONDUIT WIRING

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DC MotorIntroduction of DC motor.Principal and operation of DC motor.Motor Characteristics.Types of Dc motor.

1. DC Shunt Motor 2. DC Series Motor 3. DC Compound Motor.4. DC Different ional Compound Motor Starting of DC Motor Speed Control of DC Motor.

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Different types of variable speed AC Motors and theircontrol.

Different types of motors used in industries.

Squir rel cage induction motor Slip r ing induction motor

Single phase induction motor

A C Motor

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Classif ication and cooling methods M otor size, speed and their method of wir ing

M otor connection and ear thl ing

Application of 3-point, 4 point star del tastarters.

A C Motor

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Types of Winding

Introduction DC machine winding 1. Lap winding 2. Wav winding - Pole Pitch, Back pitch, Front pitch, winding pitch,

coil pitch. AC machine winding

1. Single phase winding 2. Three phase winding

1. Single layer winding

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Transformer winding

Introduction of transformer winding Prepare data of transformer

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Introduction Requirement of Starter Different types of Starter

Direct on line Starter Auto Transformer Starter Star-Delta Starter Rotor resistance Starter

Working principal of all different types of starter.

Starters A C Motor

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Introduction Types of Single phase

induction motor. Shaded pole motor Capacitor Start

Induction run motor

Capacitor startcapacitor run motor.

Single phase A C Motor

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MEGGER

Introduction Varies uses of megger

1) To measure insulation resistance of wire. 2) Testing of faults. 3) Testing of continuities of circuits. 4) To measure earth resistance . Structure of megger Megger use as a earth tester

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3 Types of Wirings Ppt

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