3. Julius Caesar - KS1 Resources · Julius Caesar managed to land his soldiers on the coast of Kent...

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MD 2012

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What happened when Julius

Caesar invaded Britain in

August 55BC?

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Julius Caesar managed to land his soldiers on the coast of Kent but, the Celts were brave and fierce warriors.

Celtic warriors rushed to the coast as soon as they knew the Roman fleet was in sight.


The Celts fought hard with javelins, spears and long broad swords.

They also used horse drawn chariots to carry warriors into battle.

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The Celts were excellent horsemen and fought on horseback as well as on foot.

Sometimes Celtic women were warriors too and fought alongside their men in battle.

However, the Romans saw the Celts as barbarians.


In battle, each Celtic warrior fought for himself.

The Roman army fought in a very different way.

Roman soldiers fought as a team and every soldier was well trained and disciplined.

They listened to the commands of their officers and instantly obeyed them.


After a few days of fierce fighting, the Roman ships were damaged in a storm. Caesar decided to retreat and return to Rome.

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The following summer, Caesar returned to Britain with 800 ships, 30,000 foot soldiers and 2000 cavalry.

They fought a fierce battle against the Celts as they moved through Kent and into Essex.


After fierce fighting, the Romans defeated the tribes who had joined together under the leadership of Cassivellaunus, king of the Catuvellauni tribe.

Once the Catuvellauni were defeated, Caesar made an alliance with a rival tribe called the Trinovantes and forced Casivellanusto pay taxes to Rome.


Then, around ten weeks after Caesar arrived in Britain, word came that there was more trouble in Gaul and also in Rome so, Julius Caesar and his army sailed back to Gaul.


What happened after Julius Caesar left Britain?

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At that time, Rome did not rule Britain even though the Celts were forced to pay taxes to Rome.

After Caesar left, some tribal chiefs began to accept the Romans and started to trade with the Romans in Gaul.


The Celts sold their goods to the Romans in Gaul.

Farmers in Britain grew lots of grain that was sold to feed the people of Rome.


Roman merchants travelled to Britain to sell Roman goods such as pottery, jewellery and wine.

Trade with the Roman Empire was good and the tribes began to enjoy the wealth that being friends with the Romans gave them.


However, not all tribes wanted to be friends with Rome. The tribes that traded with Rome fought the tribes that opposed Rome.

The Celtic tribes continued to fight between themselves for the next hundred years.

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With the Romans gone, the Catuvellauni tribe grew stronger. For the next 100 years they controlled the southeast of Britain.

Their capital was at Camulodunum which is now Colchester in Essex. Camulodunum


Iceni

Trinovantes

DurotrigesAtrebates

Catuvellauni

River Tamesis

Camulodunum

Londinium


But, the Romans would not stay away forever.

For almost a hundred years after Julius Caesar landed on the shores of Britain, no other Roman army appeared.

The experiences of Julius Caesar had shown that Britain would not easily be conquered by Rome.



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3. Julius Caesar - KS1 Resources · Julius Caesar managed to land his soldiers on the coast of Kent...

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