CELLS, TISSUES, AND ORGANSPrepared by:Mrs. Sehrish

Dated 22-02-12

OBJECTIVES

AT THE END OF THE LECTURE STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO:

• Define the meaning of medical terminology of cells tissue and organs

• Recognize and understand basic medical terms • Identify medical abbreviations • Spell and pronounce basic medical terminology • Analyze unfamiliar terms using the knowledge of

word roots, suffixes and prefixes used in the medical language.

04/13/2023 2

Tissues: Cells are organized into four basic types of tissues that perform

specific functions

1. Epithelial tissues

Epithelial tissue covers and protects body structures and lines organs, vessels, and cavities.

2. Connective tissue Connective tissue supports and binds body structures. It contains fibers and other nonliving material between the cells. Examples are adipose (fat) tissue, cartilage, bone and blood

3. Muscle tissues Muscle tissue (root my/o) contracts to produce movement.

4. Nervous tissue Nervous tissue (root neur/o) makes up the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It coordinates and controls body responses by the transmission of electrical impulses.

BIOPSY: Biopsy is the removal and examination of a living tissue to

determine a diagnosis. Biopsy comes from the Greek word “bios” meaning ‘life’, “opsis” meaning ‘vision’. Together they mean the visualization of living tissue.

IN VIVO: "in the living body”

IN VITRO: literally means “in glass” ,and refers to procedures and

experiments done in labs.

IN SITU: means in its original place, used to refer to tumors that have not

spread

Technicolor terms

• Leuk/o = whiteleukemia (overabundance of white blood cells)• melan/o = blackmelanoma (black tumor of the skin)• cyan/o = bluecyanosis (blueness may be due to cold or not enough

oxygen in blood)• xanth/o = yellowxanthoma (yellow tumor)

Tumor talkAdding - oma (a swelling) to organ and tissue word roots names tumors. Not all tumors are malignant

(cancerous). Many are benign (not life-threatening).

• Aden/o = gland• adenoma• Lip/o = fat• lipoma• My/o = muscle• myoma• Lymph/o = lymph tissue• lymphoma• Carcin/o = malignant• carcinoma• Osteo/o = bone• osteoma

Thank you!