VocabularyImpute: To assign blame or responsibility forDispute: To disagree withDisreputable: Not respectableConnotation: A image or idea associated with a wordDenotation: the dictionary y definition of a wordAnnotate: To explain or discuss through a noteIrrational: Not based on reason or logicRationale: A reason for doing something; explanation Rationalize: Justify; give a reasonConscientious: Diligent and carefulUnconscionable: Not obeying moral lawsPrescient: showing knowledge of events before they happen

Aesthetic: Having to do with beauty or orderAnesthetic: A substance which causes loss of fellingApathetic: Not interested; having no strong emotion towardEmpathy: Haring of anotherʼs emotionsPathos: Power of evoking great sadness or sympathyAntipathy: Hostility or hatredSentient: Conscious; awareSentinel: One who guard or watchesSentiment: A feeling about somethingPresentiment: A feeling about something before it happensTangible: Able to be grasped or perceivedTactile: Pertaining to touchIntact: Unbroken

Inquisitive: Curious; asking many questionsAcquisitive: Seeking to get things; greedyRequisition: Act of ordering or demanding somethingEspouse: To support; pledge support toCorrespond: To be similar to; compare toDespondent; Laking all hopeInterrogate: To formally questionDerogatory: Insulting degradingArrogant: Excessively proud; haughtyAbrogate: To cancel; to repealPrecarious: Threatened or unsafeImprecation: A curseDeprecate: To show disapproval of

Admonition: Gentle scoldingPremonition: A vision; a warning of something before it happens

Counsel: To advise; make a suggestion toConciliatory: Intended to lessen anotherʼs angerReconcile: To bring back into agreementPrecaution: An action taken against danger ahead of timeCautious: Careful not to get into dangerCautionary: Intended to serve as warningDissuade: To Convince one not to do somethingPersuasion: Habit or type

American TranscendentalismTranscendentalism: an idealistic philosophical and social movement that developed in " New England around 1836 in reaction to rationalism. Influenced by romanticism, " Platonism, and Kantian philosophy, it taught that divinity pervades all nature and " humanity, and its members held progressive views on feminism and communal " living. Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau were central figures.

Oversoul: a unity between man, God, and nature

Walt Whitman:! Leaves of Grass: A volume of 12 poems containing “Song of Myself”" Song of Myself: His autobiography

Ralph Waldo EmersonQuotes: • A foolish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds - self reliance • I become a transparent eyeball-I am nothing; I see all; the currents of the Universal

Being circulate through me-I am part or particle of God - nature

Themes:! Self Reliance: Trust your own Inner voice" " " Avoid consistency as an end in itself! Nature: Nature does not have a personality of its own" "

Henry David ThoreauQuotes:• The mass of men lead lives of quiet desperation - Walden• Our life is frittered away by detail - Walden

Woods:! Why In: the concentrate and get himself working more on his writing ! Why Out: he had "other lives to live".

Train, Rails, and sleepers passage:! Train: The worldʼs problems ! Rails: The people who take advantage of the sleepers! Sleepers: Workers who all they did was work didnʼt question anything

Huck FinnRealism: the movement or style of representing familiar things as they actually are. Often contrasted with idealism

Mark Twain! Real name: Samuel Clemens

" Where Pen Name Came From: In the 1900's, yelling "mark twain!" on a boat " " meant that the water was 12 feet deep, which was a safe depth. Samuel " " Clemens, who worked on boats all the time, liked the sound of the call and " " made it his pen name.

Abolitionists: people against slavery!Time Period! Written: After the civil war! Took Place: Before the civil war

Satire: The use of humor, irony, exaggeration, or ridicule to expose and criticize " people's stupidity or vices Satiric Scenes:! -Grangerfords feud with Shepherdsons" " Why: they donʼt know why their fighting" " Mocking: societyʼs willingness to accept tradition and not ask questions" -King and Dukeʼs Cons" " Why: their successful but shouldnʼt be " " Mocking: Stupidity " -Nigger killed on boat " " Why: Sally and Silas says nobody died" " Mocking: racism" -Toms Elaborate Escape Plan" " Why: He didnʼt need to because he knew miss watson was already dead

" " Mocking: Willingness to do what your told(books) and not question it

Basic Plot: See spark notes

Themes:! Racism" " Uncle Silas + Aunt Sally" " Novel written 20 years after Emancipation Proclamation "" Hypocrisy" " Miss Watson with tobacco

Motivations:Escape Slavery - JimEscape Hypocrisy - Huck

Tricks:• Says he is a former pirate, now reformed by the religious revival meeting, has crowd

take up collection makes 80 dollars - Dauphin• Take over abandoned print office and make money printing ads in newspaper - Duke• Royal Nonesuch - Both• Wilks Brothers - Both

Moral Dilemmas:Should huck turn in Jim(what society tells him to do) or should he help him escape (what his heard eventually helps him to do)

The Harlem Renaissance" Roughly 1920s-1935" Renaissance: a “rebirth”

Themes:" African roots and connection" Validity of black writing as a distinctive body of literature" Coming to terms with a changing America, urbanization" Race consciousness

The Renaissance was about from being down trotted to being proud." Harlem is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Manhattan." W.E.B. DuBois is the pioneer of this time, wrote The Crisis, leader of NAACP.

Significant People:

" ! WritersCountee CullenLangston HughesZora Neale HurstonClaude McKayJean Toomer

" " LeadersAlain LockeW.E.B. DuBois

" " Musicians/SingersLouis ArmstrongDuke EllingtonJelly Roll MortonBillie HolidayJosephine Baker

The Great Migration: The movement of blacks from the south to tne Northeast and " West. They migrated to escape racism and prejudice in the South as well as to " seek jobs in industrial cities Langston Hughes (1902-1967)" " “Jazz Poetry”" " Syncopated: unexpected pattern of music" " “Black is beautiful”" " Wanted black people in the American experience" " Poems: Theme for English B" " " I, Too The Weary Blues

The -isms:! ! Classicism! ! ! order " " " harmony

" " " form" " " rationality" " " Objective rather than subjective" " " Strives for perfections! ! Romanticism! ! ! feelings" " " larger than life; over detailed" " " emotions" " " sensations" " " Subjective or personal rather than objective! ! Transcendentalism! ! ! union of human psyche and world psyche(Oversoul) " " " Nature is a living mystery" " " happiness depends upon self-realization! ! Realism! ! ! objects portrayed as the actually are" " " use speech" " " character more important than plot" " " Symbolism and imagery ! ! Modernism! ! ! focus on the individual

Fitzgerald and The Great Gatsby Lost Generation: the generationʼs whose members(writers) were called to duty. Not " allowing them to write creating a void of any literary movements.

Point of view: 3rd person observation

Basic Plot: See Spark Notes

Themes:" " American Dream" " Society as in the pyramid effect"

Material covered on the handouts for ch 7.8. and 9: See handouts

A Clean Well Lighted Place

Plot: See Spark notes

Characters and Characteristics:! ! The Old Man:! ! ! deaf" " " drunk! ! The Older Waiter:! ! ! compassionate" " " represent those not effected by society's norms " " " no family" " " enjoys stay late at cafe! ! The Young Waiter:! ! ! impatient " " " has a family" " " represents those effected by societyʼs norms

Existentialism: life = no meaning, purposeDivertissementsSocietal pressures us to comfort usLonelinessLive to your standardsNo GodThe story is meaningless unless...Allegory = story that uses symbols to teach a lessonDread

How it was presented in the Story:

Nada: Hemingway is saying that people turn to religion find meaning in life, but using nada in the Our Father rejects the idea of religion and supports of Existentialism idea that life has no meaning

The BeatsBackground:1950’sCold WarCrucibleCommie menaceConform! Be safe!The Bomb

Characteristics of Literature:Eastern Philosophy and religionRejection of conventional social valvesRevolution of consciousnessNon-conformitySexual revolutionAnti-militaryImmediate expression -- stream of consciousnessDrugsAnarchyNo censorshipAgainst modern consumer cultureOccurred in the 1950s

People: Allen Ginsberg - HowlJack Kerouac - On the RoadWilliam S Burroughs - Naked Lunch