Writing a Two-Point Outline

English V

When you are using a telephone directory for the number of a friend, do you go through all of the names? How do you do it? Do you know that you are using a skill in reading known

as scanning?

Motivation

Scanning is a technique in reading. You’ll be using this technique in today’s

lesson.

Motivation

Now fill the blanks with the correct vocabulary words.

1. The process by a rock changes from one kind to another is called ______.2. The gold that have flattened into thin plates or layers is said to be ___.3. The lahar that covered most of places in Pampanga is made up of ______ materials.

Unlocking of Difficulties

4. Some rocks are called ______ rocks because they hardened underneath the earth’s surface.5. Rocks that hardened when they reached the surface of the earth are said to be ______.

Unlocking of Difficulties

Before we start practicing scanning,we will scan some information first

about scanning.

Please read it carefully and thoroughly,

Unlocking of Difficulties

Scanning

What is meant by scanning?

Scanning is a fast reading technique. It’s a way of reading to look for specific information in a text. Scanning can be used to look up for a phone number, read through the small ads in a newspaper, or for browsing TV schedules, timetables, lists, catalogues or web pages for information. For these tasks you don’t

A Text A Day/Presentation

need to read or understand every word.

Scanning is also useful when studying or looking to find specific information from a book or article quickly as there is not always time to read every word. It involves running your eyes down the page looking for specific facts or keywords and phrases.,

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Hints and tips for better scanning.

1. Don’t try to read every word. Instead let your eyes move quickly until you find what you are looking for. 2. Use clues on the page, such as headings and titles, to help you. 3. In a dictionary or phone book, use the ‘header’ words to help you scan. You can

find these in bold type at the top of each

page.

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4. If you are reading for study, start by thinking up or writing down some questions that you want to answer. Doing this can focus your mind and help you find the facts or information that you need more easily. 5. Many texts use A-Z order. These include everyday materials such as phonebook and indexes to books and catalogues.

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6. There are many ways to practice scanning skills. Try looking up a favorite recipe in the index of a cookbook, search for a plumber in your local Yellow Pages, or scan web pages on the Internet

to find specific information.

Source: http:/www.bbc.co.uk

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Always remember the hints and tips about scanning. Remember you are developing a fast reading technique. You will scan the text. Use the subheading to locate answers to these questions. Since you are only scanning, you are given only 30 minutes to answer these questions.

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1. What are the three main kinds of rocks?2. What are the principal forms of igneous rocks?3. What are the three groups of sedimentary rocks? a. What make up clastic or fragmental sedimentary? b. What make up chemical sedimentary? c. What make up organic sedimentary?4. What are the 2 kinds of metamorphic rock? Differentiate.

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You can now begin scanning the text in order to locate the information needed.

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Rocks

There are many kinds of rocks. Generally, according to how they are formed, rocks are classified as igneous, sedimentary or metamorphic.

Igneous Rocks Deep within the earth’s surface exists molten or melted materials known as magma. This molten rock material is extremely hot with temperature ranging from 749˚ to 1093˚C. High pressure may force the magma to work its way upward

to the earth’s surface through the cracks or fissures. When these molten rock materials cool off and solidify, they form what we call igneous rocks which mean “formed by fire.” Igneous rocks occur in two principal forms: intrusive igneous rock and extrusive igneous rock. Intrusive igneous rocks are igneous rocks that do not rise all the way to the surface of the earth. They hardened up before reaching the earth’s surface. They have coarse mineral grains and crystals that can be easily seen. These are also called plutonic rocks. Extrusive

igneous rocks are formed and solidified on the surface of the earth. They are usually fine grained, glassy or finely crystalline in texture. Since these rocks are formed from molten materials that are expelled by volcanic eruptions, they are also called volcanic rocks or pyroclastic rocks.

Sedimentary Rocks There are rocks that consist of

materials that were once was part of older rocks or of plants and animal parts. These rocks were deposited millions of years ago

water causes the minerals to crystallize leaving mineral deposits. Organic sedimentary is composed of shells, skeletons and other parts of plants or animals. Many different substances can act as cement that bind the sedimentary rocks. Of these, the most common are calcium carbonate, silica, mud, clay and iron oxide.

Metamorphic RockRocks that have changed its

appearance and sometimes its mineral

as layers of loose materials which become cemented together. They are called sedimentary rocks from the word “sediments”. They are grouped into three: 1) classic or fragmental sedimentary, 2) chemical sedimentary, and 3) organic sedimentary. Classic or fragmental sedimentary is composed of rock fragments carried and deposited by wind, water or glacier and are cemented together. Chemical sedimentary is composed of deposits of minerals dissolved in water. The evaporation of

composition due to either extreme heat or pressure are called metamorphic rocks. They often show a layered structure but some are said to be massive. Metamorphic rocks that layered in appearance are known as foliated rocks while those that are massive are known as unfoliated rocks. All kinds of rocks, including igneous and sedimentary, usually undergo metamorphism and produce the so called metamorphic rocks. Source: Compton’s Encyclopedia and Fact Index Vol

Time’s up! Were you able to locate the specific facts that will answer our questions?Let’s answer the guide questions using the information you have gathered.Now that we have enriched our scanning skill, we will also do some outlining. We will prepare a two-point outline for our reading material. Do you still remember how to make an outline?

Discussion and Analysis

Here is a skeleton key of the two-point outline that we will prepare.I.

A.B.C.

II.A.B.

III.A.B.C.D.

IV.A.B.

Discussion and Analysis

a. What does the very first line at the top represent?b. What do the Roman numerals represent? What are found after each Roman numeral?c. What do the capital letters represent?d. How are the capital letters written as compared with the Roman numerals?

Discussion and Analysis

Let us make our own reminders for writing an outline.An outline should have a title.Roman numerals are used to indicate the main topic. Place a period after each Roman numeral. Be sure that the Roman numerals and the periods are in a column. Capital letters are used in subtopics. Indent the capital letters and place a period after each. Arrange the capital

Discussion and Analysis

letters in a straight line too.All main topic heading should be divided into at least two parts. A topic cannot logically be decided into only one part.All the headings should be expressed in parallel grammatical form.All the first word should be capitalized

Discussion and Analysis

Prepare a two-point outline of Rocks- What is the title?- What is the main topic?- Where will we write it? Make a brief description.- What are the 3 supporting details?- What will we write in Roman Numeral II?

Oral Practice

ROCKSI. Rocks according to how it was formed A. Igneous – hardened magma B. Sedimentary – cemented sediments C. Metamorphic – changed due to heat and pressureII. Igneous rocks – solidified or hardened magma A. Intrusive igneous rock – solidified before reaching the earth’s surface B. Extrusive igneous rock – solidified on the earth’s surface

Answer

III. Sedimentary rocks – made of sediments cemented together A. Clastic or fragmented sedimentary – rock fragments carried by wind, water and glacier B. Chemical sedimentary – deposits of minerals dissolved in water C. Organic sedimentary – shells skeletons and other parts of plants and animals D. Cementing materials – calcium carbonate, silica, mud, clay and iron oxide

Answer

IV. Metamorphic rocks – changed its appearance and mineral composition due to heat and pressure A. Foliated rock – layered appearance B. Unfoliated – massive appearance

Answer

What skill have we used today?What is scanning?

What are the tips for better scanning?

Generalization

Scanning is a fast reading technique that means going over/examining a reading material quickly to look for specific information or fact.• A two-point outline is a plan that presents the main ideas and supporting ideas.• The main ideas are introduced by Roman numerals while the supporting ideas are introduced by capital letters.

Remember

Sharks BIG SHARKS, SMALL SHARKS

Different species of sharks can be very different in size. The smallest sharks are only four inches long. The largest, the whale shark, can grow to 60 feet long. It is not only the largest fish any kind.

Application

Speedy SharksBlue sharks have been recorded

going 43 miles per hour. Unlike most fish, sharks do not float very well. They have to swim constantly, so they will not sink. People and Sharks

The British use shark meat or fish and chips. Shark liver used to be a common source of vitamin A.

Application

Answer these questions.

1. What is the length of the smallest shark? the biggest shark?2. How fast can the blue shark swim?3. How do the British use shark meat?4. What part of the shark is a source of vitamin A?

Application

1. What is the length of the smallest shark? the biggest shark?2. How fast can the blue shark swim?3. How do the British use shark meat?4. What part of the shark is a source of vitamin A?5. What vitamin is found in shark-liver oil?Prepare a two-point outline of the article on sharks.

Application

Space ExplorationsPioneers in Space On October 4, 1957, the Soviet satellite called Sputnik travelled into space. A few months later, the United States launched Explorer 1. These early space launches of manufactured satellites paved the way for people to explore the space.

Evaluation

People in Space By the 1960s, the United States and the Soviet Union had sent people in space. On April 12, 1961, Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man in space. In 1962, American astronaut John Glenn orbited earth in Friendship 7.

Following these early years of space exploration, the Untied States launched Apollo 11, which traveled 200,000 miles and make history.

Evaluation

The Moon Landing After three days’ travel though space, Apollo 11 reached the moon’s orbit Astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin climbed into the Eagle, a lunar module designed to take them from the spaceship and land on the moon. On July 20, 1969, Armstrong and Aldrin were the first people to walk on the moon.

Evaluation

1. How many subtitles does the article have?2. What was the first spacecraft launched into space?3. Who was the first man on space?4. What was the name of the United States manned spacecraft that orbit the earth?5. Who were the first people to walk on the moon?Fill up the skeleton of a two-point outline using the above article.

Evaluation

I._______________________________ A. _____________________________ B. _____________________________II. ______________________________ A. _____________________________ B. _____________________________III. ______________________________ A. _____________________________ B. _____________________________ C. _____________________________

Evaluation