2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds...
-
Upload
abraham-price -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds...
![Page 1: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
2.4 Enzymes
![Page 2: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Changes or transforms one set of substances into another• Breaking and Reforming Bonds• Example: O2 + 2 H2+ energy 2 H2O
Reactants ProductsSome release energy (exothermic)Some absorb energy (endothermic)
Chemical Reactions
![Page 3: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Require some energy to get things going (to start breaking bonds)
All Chemical Reactions….
![Page 4: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The energy needed to get a reaction started.
Some chemical reactions often occur spontaneously. Others that absorb energy cannot occur without a source of energy.
Activation Energy
![Page 5: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
![Page 6: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
• Allow reaction to happen more readily• Speeds up the rate of the reaction• NOT used up in the reaction
Role of Catalysts
![Page 7: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Proteins that speed up chemical reactions within cells.
Example: carbonic anhydraseCO2 + H2O H2CO3
Converts Carbon Dioxide to Carbonic Acid 10 million times faster than on its own by LOWERING THE ACTIVATION
ENERGY NEEDED to complete the reaction
Enzymes
![Page 8: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Brings reactants close together (in correct orientation) so reaction occurs much easier.
How Enzymes Work?
Active Site is where
the substrate bonds to
the enzyme
![Page 9: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The following affect the activity of enzymes:1. Temperature• What do you expect the ideal temperature of activity to be?
(37 degrees Celsius – normal body temperature)2. pH• What effect would pH have on activity? Denature• What pH would you expect stomach enzymes (peptidase,
lipase) to work most effectively at? – Acidic
3. Regulatory Molecules• Bind to enzymes to speed up or slow down their activity by
turning them on or off.
Regulation of Enzyme Activity
![Page 11: 2.4 Enzymes. Changes or transforms one set of substances into another Breaking and Reforming Bonds Example: O 2 + 2 H 2 + energy 2 H 2 O ReactantsProducts.](https://reader038.fdocuments.us/reader038/viewer/2022110403/56649e795503460f94b78968/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
On a separate piece of paper do your best to
answer the question (drawings work well!):
What role do enzymes play in living things?
Minute Paper