23831690-Copenhagen-Climate-Change-Agreement.doc

8/9/2019 23831690-Copenhagen-Climate-Change-Agreement.doc

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DRAFT 271109

Decision 1/CP.15

(Decision 1/CMP.5 in separate document)

Adoption of

The Copenhagen Agreement

Under the United Nations rame!or" Con#ention on C$imate Change

The Conference of the Parties,

Pursuant to the Bali Road Map adopted by the Conference of the Parties at its thirteenth session,

Ac"no!$edging and building on the work by the Ad Hoc Working Group on ong!"er#Cooperati$e Action under the Con$ention and the Ad Hoc Working Group on %urther Co##it#ents for Anne& ' Parties under the (yoto Protocol,

%haring a co##it#ent to take i##ediate and enhanced national action under the Con$ention in pursuit of its ulti#ate ob)ecti$e, and in accordance with its principles and co##it#entsincluding the principle of co##on but differentiated responsibilities and respecti$e capabilities,

%ee"ing at the sa#e ti#e to #o$e ahead pro#ptly to take action related to address cli#ate change,

&e$ie#ing it i#perati$e that the Parties continue to work together constructi$ely to strengthen theworld*s ability to co#bat cli#ate change,

Affir#ing the need to continue negotiations pursuant to decisions taken at C+P - and C+P ., witha $iew to agreeing on a co#prehensi$e legal fra#ework under the Con$ention no later thanC+P//

Decides to adopt this political agree#ent 0hereinafter 1the Copenhagen Agree#ent23, which will beco#e effecti$e i##ediately4


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The Copenhagen Agreement4 "he Parties to the 5nited 6ations %ra#ework Con$ention on Cli#ate Change 0hereinafter

1the Parties23 seek to further the i#ple#entation of the Con$ention in a #anner that pursuesits ulti#ate ob)ecti$e as stated in its Article 7, that recalls its pro$isions, and that is guided by

the principles in Article -4

I. A Shared Vision for Long-Term Cooperati e Action74 "he Parties underline that cli#ate change is one of the greatest challenges of our ti#e and

co##it to a $igorous response through i##ediate a#bitious national action and strengthenedinternational cooperation with a $iew to li#it global a$erage te#perature rise to a #a&i#u#of 7 degrees abo$e pre!industrial le$els4 "he Parties are con$inced of the need to addresscli#ate change bearing in #ind that social and econo#ic de$elop#ent and po$erty eradicationare the first and o$erriding priorities in de$eloping countries4 "he Parties note that the largestshare of historical global e#issions of greenhouse gases originates in de$eloped countries, andthat per capita e#issions in #any de$eloping countries are still relati$ely low4 "he Partiesrecogni8e the urgency of addressing the need for enhanced action on adaptation to cli#atechange 4 "hey are e9ually con$inced that #o$ing to a low!e#ission econo#y is an opportunityto pro#ote continued econo#ic growth and sustainable de$elop#ent in all countriesrecogni8ing that gender e9uality is essential in achie$ing sustainable de$elop#ent4 'n thisregard, the Parties:

! Co##it to take action to #itigate cli#ate change based on their co##on butdifferentiated responsibilities and respecti$e capabilities,

! Co##it to take action on adaptation including international support assisting the poorestand #ost $ulnerable countries,

! Co##it to strengthen the international architecture for the pro$ision of substantiallyincreased finance for cli#ate efforts in de$eloping countries,

! Co##it to establish a technology #echanis# to pro#ote the de$elop#ent, transfer anddeploy#ent of en$iron#entally sustainable technologies in support of #itigation andadaptation efforts4

Welco#ing the significance of the co##it#ents on all Bali Building blocks reflected in thisAgree#ent, the Parties e#phasi8e the need for full i#ple#entation, both do#estically andinternationally, take note of the additional efforts being taken, and planned, by the Parties,such as cooperati$e efforts regarding transfor#ational and other technologies; and encourage

each other to take appropriate additional steps4

- 4 Recalling the ulti#ate ob)ecti$e of the Con$ention, the Parties stress the urgency of action on both #itigation and adaptation and recogni8e the scientific $iew that the increase in globala$erage te#perature abo$e pre!industrial le$els ought not to e&ceed 7 degrees C4 'n thisregard, the Parties:

! 7>?, acknowledging that de$eloped countries collecti$ely ha$e peaked and that theti#efra#e for peaking will be longer in de$eloping countries,

! .> by at least .> percent

$ersus @@> annual e#issions, e9ui$alent to at least . percent $ersus 7>>. annual


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e#issions4 "he Parties contributions towards the goal should take into account co##on but different responsibility and respecti$e capabilities and a long ter# con$ergence of per capita e#issions4

II. AdaptationB4 "he ad$erse effects of cli#ate change are already taking place and are posing a serious threat

to the social and econo#ic de$elop#ent of all countries4 "his is particularly true in the #ost$ulnerable de$eloping countries, which will be disproportionally affected4 "he ad$erse i#pactof cli#ate change will constitute an additional burden on de$eloping countries efforts toreduce po$erty, to attain sustainable de$elop#ent and to achie$e the 5nited 6ationsMillenniu# De$elop#ent Goals4 Both adaptation and #itigation efforts are funda#ental tothe fight against cli#ate change4 Adaptation #ust include action to reduce risk and$ulnerability, taking into account gender e9uality, and build resilience in order to reduce thethreats, loss and da#ages to li$elihoods and ecosyste#s fro# disasters caused by e&tre#eweather e$ents and fro# slow!onset e$ents caused by gradual cli#ate change4 Recogni8ingthat the i#pact of cli#ate change will differ according to regional and national circu#stances,

planning and i#ple#entation of adaptation actions #ust be considered in the conte&t of thesocial, econo#ic and en$iron#ental policies of each country4 Adaptation action at nationalle$el will be a country dri$en process taking into account national de$elop#ent priorities and

plans4

. 4 'n this regard, the Parties endorse the adaptation fra#ework in decision / ECP4 . with theob)ecti$e of reducing $ulnerability and building resilience to present and future effects of cli#ate change through national action and international cooperation4 "his includes the

pro$ision of finance, technology and capacity building in the i##ediate, #ediu# and long!

ter#4


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support a goal to reduce their e#issions of greenhouse gases in aggregate by >I or #ore by7>.> $ersus @@> 0/- percent $ersus 7>>.34

4 Attach#ent A reflects the indi$idual econo#y!wide targets, including 9uantified e#ission

li#itation and reduction ob)ecti$es by all the de$eloped country Parties4

De e"oping co#ntries nationa""$ appropriate mitigation actions@4 "he de$eloping country Parties, e&cept the least de$eloped countries which #ay contribute at

their own discretion, co##it to nationally appropriate #itigation actions, including actionssupported and enabled by technology, financing and capacity!building4 "he de$elopingcountries* indi$idual #itigation action could in aggregate yield a =J percent? de$iation in=7>7>? fro# business as usual and yielding their collecti$e e#issions peak before =7>//? anddecline thereafter4

> 4 Attach#ent B reflects indi$idual co##it#ents to nationally appropriate #itigation actions byde$eloping country Parties4 De$eloping country parties which ha$e not reflected their contributions at C+P . should do so before =//?, e&cept least de$eloped countries4 Ade$eloping country Party #ay subse9uently a#end its national contribution to register additional national appropriate #itigation actions which increase its o$erall #itigationoutco#e4

4 A Registry in the for# of a database under 56%CCC is established in order to enable theinternational recognition of de$eloping country #itigation action4 "he Registry shall includesupported #itigation actions that #eet agreed MRK specifications and unsupported actionsthat are sub)ect to national MRK based on internationally agreed guidelines and a consultati$ere$iew under 56%CCC4 De$eloping countries co##it to inscribe supported nationallyappropriate #itigation actions in the Registry and indicate the e&pected e#issions outco#es45nsupported action shall, e&cept for the least de$eloped countries which #ay do so at their own discretion, be inscribed $ia the 6ational Co##unications and can be inscribed directly inthe Registry beforehand on a $oluntary basis4

%ed#cing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation74 Reducing e#issions fro# deforestation and forest degradation is an i#portant aspect of the

necessary response to cli#ate change4 De$eloping countries should contribute to enhanced#itigation actions through reducing e#issions fro# deforestation and forest degradation,#aintaining e&isting and enhancing carbon stocks, and enhancing re#o$als by increasing

forest co$er4 Parties underline the i#portance of enhanced and sustained financial resourcesand positi$e incenti$es for de$eloping countries to, through a series of phases, build capacityand undertake actions that result in #easurable, reportable and $erifiable greenhouse gase#ission reductions and re#o$al and changes in forest carbon stocks in relation to referencee#ission le$els4 Parties collecti$ely endorse the fra#ework in Decision /ECP4 ., with the ai#of stabili8ing forest co$er in de$eloping countries by =/? and reducing gross deforestation inde$eloping countries by at least =//?I by =7>7>? co#pared to current le$els4

n'ers-4 An effecti$e #itigation response includes reduction of e#issions fro# international bunker

fuels4 "he Parties therefore co##it to set and i#ple#ent a global e#ission reduction target

for international shipping e9ual to =&?I in 7>7> co#pared to =7>>.? and a global e#ission


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reduction target for international a$iation e9ual to =y?I in 7>7> co#pared to =7>>.?4 "heParties shall work through the 'nternational Mariti#e +rgani8ation and the 'nternational Ci$ilA$iation +rgani8ation to take this issue forward and secure a ti#ely i#ple#entation of actions needed,

Car(on mar'etsB4 An effecti$e #itigation response re9uires a well functioning carbon #arket4 Carbon #arkets

ha$e the potential to deli$er significant #utual benefits to de$eloped and de$eloping countriesin ter#s of both on!the!ground in$est#ent and en$iron#ental and energy security co!benefits4"he Parties will work towards an effecti$e and orderly transition fro# pro)ect based to #oreco#prehensi$e approaches4 "hey will also i#pro$e the e&isting pro)ect based carbon #arket#echanis# in order to ensure the en$iron#ental integrity and further underpin a broad andli9uid carbon #arket4 ='n this regard, the Parties endorse decision /-ECP4 . and /7ECMP4.4?

)ationa" po"icies.4 "he Parties co##it to further integrate low!e#ission de$elop#ent policies into national

planning4 "he Parties co##it to rationali8e and phase out o$er the #ediu# ter# inefficientfossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consu#ption4 As we do that, we recogni8e thei#portance of pro$iding those in need with the ability to purchase essential energy ser$ices,including through the use of targeted cash transfers and other appropriate #echanis#s4 'naddition, the Parties co##it to work towards adopting do#estic policies ai#ing at pay#entfor actual consu#ption of energy4 %urther#ore, transparency concerning consu#ption andcost of energy should be increased4

%esponse meas#resG4 Parties decide that countries #ust stri$e to i#ple#ent policies and #easures in such a way as

to #ini#i8e ad$erse social, en$iron#ental and econo#ic i#pacts on de$eloping countryParties taking fully into account all rele$ant articles of the Con$ention and as set forth indecision in /ECP4 .4 Parties further decide that action relating to response #easures should behandled in a structured #anner, in accordance with the Con$ention recogni8ing the needs of de$eloping country Parties and as set forth in decision /ECP4 .4

IV . Techno"og$

H 4"he international co##unity can only be fully successful in addressing cli#ate change if it isable to effecti$ely de$elop, diffuse and deploy e&isting cli#ate friendly technologies andrapidly inno$ate new and transfor#ational cli#ate!friendly technologies4 "his will re9uire aco#bination of efforts, including substantially increased public and pri$ate sector in$est#entin RDLD, enhanced international cooperation and transfers, the re#o$al of barriers, increasedincenti$es to pro#ote the de$elop#ent and disse#ination of en$iron#entally sustainabletechnologies, elaboration of global technology road#aps, infor#ation sharing on best

practices, and greater capacity!building efforts to pro#ote the de$elop#ent and deploy#ent of en$iron#entally sustainable technologies in support of #itigation and adaptation efforts4

4Parties co##it to enable the accelerated large!scale de$elop#ent, transfer and deploy#ent of en$iron#entally sound and cli#ate friendly technologies across all stages of the technologycycle, respecting 'PR regi#es including protecting the legiti#ate interests of public and

pri$ate inno$ators4 De$eloped country parties co##it to work towards doubling aggregate public in$est#ents in cli#ate related research, de$elop#ent and de#onstration by 7> . fro#


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current le$els and 9uadrupling the efforts by 7>7>4 Parties stress the need for up front financefor inter alia technology capacity building, )oint research and de$elop#ent and de#onstration

pro)ects 4 Parties endorse the 1"echnology Mechanis#2 set forth in decision /.ECP .,containing a technology ob)ecti$e, a 56%CCC technology body, the de$elop#ent of

technology action plans, the establish#ent of si& Cli#ate "echnology 'nno$ation Centres inde$eloping countries, support to )oint RDLD efforts between de$eloped and de$elopingcountries, and technology support to nationally appropriate #itigation actions, and adaptationacti$ities, by de$eloping country Parties4

V. *inancia" reso#rces and in estments to s#pport actions on mitigation, adaptation, capacit$-(#i"ding and techno"og$ cooperation

@4 on the basis of appropriate increases in #itigation and adaptation efforts by de$eloping countries4

7 4 "he Parties confirm cli#ate financing co##itted under this agree#ent as new and additionalresources that supple#ent e&isting international public financial flows otherwise a$ailable for de$eloping countries in support of po$erty alle$iation and the continued progress towards theMillenniu# De$elop#ent Goals 4 'n this regard:

! De$eloped country parties co##it to deli$er upfront public financing for 7> >!7> =7?corresponding on a$erage to = >? billion 5 -? "he Parties co##it to regularly re$iew appropriateness of contributionsand the circle of contributors against indicators of fairness based on GDP and e#issionsle$els and taking into account the le$el of de$elop#ent as set forth in Attach#ent C4

774Recalling article of the Con$ention, Parties decide that a Cli#ate %und be established as anoperating entity of the %inancial Mechanis# of the Con$ention, which should function under the guidance of and be accountable to the C+P as set forth in article of the Con$ention4"he %und should be operated by a board with balanced representation, which will de$elop theoperational guidelines for the %und and decide on specific allocation to progra##es and

pro)ects 4 "he C+P will for#ally elect #e#bers of the %und Board and endorse theoperational guidelines and #odalities for the %und4 "he %und should co#ple#ent and#a&i#ise global efforts to fight cli#ate change through up!scaled support for cli#ate effortsin the de$eloping countries, including #itigation, adaptation, technology and capacity!

building 4


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should be based on a share of no less than =yI? of the o$erall international public support4Parties decide to operationalise the work of the %und following the #odalities set forth inanne&Edecision =J?4

7- 4'n the conte&t of the co##it#ent in paragraph = ? Parties co##it to global financingcontributions fro# international a$iation and international #ariti#e transport generatedthrough instru#ents de$eloped and i#ple#ented by the 'CA+ and 'M+ respecti$ely should

be channeled through the Cli#ate %und fro# =7> -?, =#ainly for adaption purposes?, takinginto account the principle of co##on but differentiated responsibility4

7B4"o enhance transparency and o$er$iew "he Parties decide to establish an 'nternationalCli#ate %inancing Board under the 56%CCC to #onitor and re$iew international financingfor cli#ate action and in this conte&t identify any gaps and i#balances in the internationalfinancing for #itigation and adaptation actions that #ay arise4 "he Board will consist of =&?representati$es fro# de$eloped countries and =y? representati$es fro# de$eloping countries4= ? Representati$es fro# international institutions will participate in the Board as per#anentobser$ers4 Decision #aking will be by consensus4 ='f all efforts to reach a co#pro#ise ha$e

been e&hausted and no agree#ent has been reached, decisions shall be taken by a two!thirds#a)ority?4 "he 56%CCC


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The %egistr$7@4Parties decide to establish a Registry that will be #anaged and operated independently by a

professional secretariat which shall perfor# its tasks to the highest standards of

professionalis# and ob)ecti$ity4 "he secretariat shall further prepare and propose theaccounting standards for MRK of specific #itigation action and of financing 4 =further tasks?

Impro ed )ationa" Comm#nications->4 6oting that low!e#ission de$elop#ent is indispensable to sustainable de$elop#ent and

recogni8ing that de$elop#ent strategies and priorities are so$ereign national decisions, theParties decide to strengthen the reporting regi#e and to enhance the forward looking aspectsin the 6ational Co##unication by including #itigation plans 4"he Parties decide

! "hat Parties are to pro$ide their greenhouse gas in$entories on an annual basis with thee&ception that the de$eloping countries can pro$ide updates on a biannual basis and theleast de$eloped country Parties on a triennial basis;

! 6ational Co##unications should be pro$ided e$ery 7 years4 "he Parties endorse thefurther guidelines as set out in decision / ECP4 .4

! "o include a forward looking #itigation plan would help fra#e actions planned in thenear! and #ediu#! ter# 07>7>3 in the conte&t of longer!ter# goals 07>.>34 "he plansshould describe countries* current #itigation and energy policy fra#eworks includingregulation and pricing and #itigation potential4 %or de$eloping countries, these planswill help facilitate access to support for #itigation actions anchored in the plans4 "heParties, e&cept the least de$eloped countries which #ay contribute at their owndiscretion, are in$ited to put forward 6ational Co##unication including forward looking

plans as early as possible and =before - May 7> ? in accordance with re$ised nationalco##unication principles and procedures in =Attach#ent /?E=Decision /ECP4 .?4 "he

plans will be updated e$ery 7 year4

! "he Parties will report, as applicable, on support recei$ed and support pro$ided tode$eloping countries for their actions in 6ational Co##unications4 A co#prehensi$e setof statistics for cli#ate change finance will be established enabling transparent#onitoring of both pro$ision of finance and supported cli#ate actions4 %inancial flowsfro# the international carbon #arket should be #onitored and recogni8ed separately4

! "o enhance and e&pand the scope of the re$iew of in$entories and 6ationalCo##unications a consultation procedure is established under the


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! Decide on a re$iew of co##it#ents and actions under the Con$ention to be started in7> and co#pleted in 7> . with a $iew of enhancing co##it#ents and actions on#itigation and adaptation, and cli#ate finance to achie$e the Con$ention*s ulti#ateob)ecti$e and paragraph 7 and - abo$e taking into account the conclusions of the %ifth

Assess#ent Report of 'PCC4! Will keep track of o$erall efforts with a $iew to ensure full transparency and allow "he

Parties to strengthen their collecti$e co##it#ents and efforts if necessary to deli$er infull towards addressing the cli#ate challenge4

-7 4"he Parties co##it to work together in international organi8ations, including internationalfinancial institutions, to further integrate cli#ate aspects in their acti$ities, including countryre$iews4


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ATTAC ! )T A

)ATI )AL !ITI ATI ) C )T%I&0TI )S

)A! * C 0)T% 'de#e$oped countries(

)ationa" missions Tra2ector$ to3ards 4 5

or e)amp$e* reduce emissions to at $east + per cent ,e$o! + $e#e$s ,- . ++* !ith mi$estones specified


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)ationa" Contri(#tion+ !itigation in 4545

Brief Description

0g orest reference $e#e$

0g 1ene!a,$e energ- target

0g egu$ations on $and c$earing

0g 0missions / car,on / energ- intensit-target

Additiona" !itigation %ecei ing S#pport


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Co#ntr$ 2isting of countries in a$pha,etica$ order


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CP Decisions

! / ECP4 .: Principles for enhanced national co##unications

! /7ECP4 .: 1RNDD plus2 fra#ework ! =/-ECP4 .: '#pro$ed #arket #echanis#s?

! / ECP4 .: Adaptation %ra#ework

! /.ECP4 .: Nle#ents of 1"echnology #echanis#2

! / ECP4 .: %unction and go$ernance of Cli#ate %und

! / ECP4 .: Attach#ent N: Principles for a#ending attach#ent AOB

CMP decisions

! /ECMP4.: i#pro$e#ents of e&isting fle&ible #echanis#s

! /ECMP4.: Rules for 5 5C%

! Ntc4

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