232-237, 238-242: Development of infrastructure (rail, canal/roads). Development of early industry
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Transcript of 232-237, 238-242: Development of infrastructure (rail, canal/roads). Development of early industry
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232-237, 238-242: Development of infrastructure (rail, canal/roads). Development of early industry
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1830’s-40’s:
“WHIG PARTY”Attempts toModernize NC.
How?
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WOOD-POWER-ED
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Whigs financed trains with government $
Connected NC to rest of the…
Good for tradeWilmington and Weldon Railroad
AND Raleigh and Gaston Line
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By 1850’s, lines ran from Wilmingtonto Asheville.
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Farmers could ship crops
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At this time, CASWELL became the richest county in NC. 1830s-60
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Also: a cheaper but less long termalternative.
Mainly down East
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Whigs also promoted…
Textile mills and mines. For power, some mines used
.
Steam engines
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Cotton productionboosted slavery.
Eli Whitney’sCotton gin boostedCotton production
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equals
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“Lifeline of the Confederacy”
Ships broughtsupplies toWilmington
Took supplies toarmy
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Transportation: Western towns like Asheville grew due to RR.
By 1890 NC connected in every direction to rest of US
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ManufacturingPeople began factories to turn raw
materials into products.
By 1900 becoming most industrial state in South
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Furniture factories in
High Point due to RR.
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Growth of mills boosted Towns like Charlotte and Concord.
Farmers movedinto mill towns.
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Mills located near rivers and streams.Why?
http://www.osv.org/types-of-mills
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Improvement:Steam engine
Could locateMill inmorePlaces.
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All of this depended on restoring…
It shipped the product
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Result: every town on the railroad hada textile mill.
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Washington Duke
Buck Duke
Tobacco industry geniuses
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Bonsack cigarette rolling machine.
Mechanization took over the cigarette industry
CigarettesVeryPopularIn the North
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THE NEXT STEP:HYDROELECTRICPOWER
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JAMES B. DUKECREATES
“DUKEPOWER”.
SELLS POWERTO TEXTILE MILLS
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1890’s TECHNOLOGY
telephone Electricstreetcar
ElectricStreetlamps
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NEW TRANSPORTATION TECHNOLOGY
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vyAdCb04HzU
Common by 1912
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ECONOMIC EXPANSION
• NC used western rivers as power
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• “Middle Class people” lived in suburbs, more money, streets paved.
• Mill workers poor, lived in Mill Towns. Houses Small, streets not paved.
INCOME INEQUALITY
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MORE NEW TECHNOLOGY
RADIO BOOSTED ADVERTISINGAND SALES=$
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CONNECTING COAST TO THE MOUNTAINS
NC WENT INTO DEBT TO BUILD ROADS
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CHARLOTTE MANUFACTURING
FORD MODEL T PLANT
ASSEMBLYLINE
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STATE GOVERNMENT built bestHighways in the South
to
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ManufacturingAFTER WWII
New Industries Recruited from North
1970’s: Tobacco declines,
Textiles and Furniture decline-competition
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A new economy arose as oldindustries declined.New industries such as internationalbanking.
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Research Triangle Park near Cary. Software, Astroturf, drugs, computers
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OUR FUTURE: BUILDING A NEW ECONOMY
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YOU HAVE TO BUILD IT!
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Plank Roads1850’S RR lines from Asheville to Wilmington
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ManufacturingCotton Mills on the Cape Fear50 mines employed thousands and used steam engines
The Whigs brought in railroads and textile mills. The biggest effect was on farmers. Farmers could use the railroad to ship out their crops.
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War and Defense: Steamships were used to run blockades and
bring in supplies. Port of Wilmington was important to the
South. Last open port in South The Wilmington and Weldon Railroad was
the main supply line The port and railroad made NC a target ofUnion attack.
The Civil War 1861-5
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W&WR called “Lifeline of the Confederacy”
Union attacked NC due to the importance of the RR.
General Sherman attacked Goldsboro to cut the lifeline.
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North Carolina’s role as a supply line for the Southmade the state a target. The North attacked to capturethe port and cut the railroad.
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Economics (money making, business, etc.)Due to RR, people gathered all kinds of products to sell.
Concord ,Charlotte, and new towns grew due to RR and mills.
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Because of railroads, new towns and mills were started. Those towns began to grow as people made money
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TechnologyDuke’s Bonsack cigarette rolling
machine put other cigarette companies out of business.
Mills/textile, furniture, cigs- began to use steam engines and moved away from streams.
Telephones, electric streetlights and electric streetcars in the 1890’s
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Transportation: Trains made it possible to ship goods, so people looked for products to sell.
Railroad made NC tobacco known worldwide.
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ManufacturingJames Buchanan “Buck” Duke began to make cigarettes.
Textile mills opened in almost every town on the Railroad.
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Economics (money making, business, etc.)Best selling goods were cotton and
tobacco, so people began to build factories and sell the goods.
Railroad made NC tobacco known worldwide.
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359-60, 372-75: Hydroelectricity, industrial growth, urbanization (growth of towns), middle class, mill villages.TIME: 1890’s-1920’s
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TechnologyHydroelectirity was developed James B. Duke dammed rivers and sold power to textile millsTelephones begin to be usedTransportation
1905 first automobiles- doctors used them.
Middle class used streetcars
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ManufacturingNC became the leading manufacturing state in the SouthTobacco, textiles, and furniture all grew.Durham and Winston Salem biggest cigarette townsGaston County center of textile industry- almost 100 millsHigh Point: furniture industryTowns grew with industry
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Economics (money making, business, etc.)
• More service industries were coming in.
• 1970’s the “big three” decline• Fewer farmers, but more productive• New industries: Computer programs
like SAS
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Economics (money making, business)• NC expanded its wealth partly by
taking advantage of western rivers as power
• “Middle Class people” lived in suburbs and had more money. Streets were paved.
• Mill workers were poorer and lived in Mill Towns. Houses were smaller and streets were not paved
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TechnologyMore people getting radios. This boosted advertising and buying
TransportationCars becoming common. After WWI, ¼ of NCr’s drove themState leaders build a network of roads to connect factories in Piedmont to raw materials on coastal plain.Highway 10 built to connect county seats.Railroads and highways linked NC to the world
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ManufacturingTextiles, tobacco, and furniture the biggestWinston Salem ;obacco, hosiery and underwearBurlington :synthetic fabricsOver half of Western counties had a furniture factory.New Industries: Recruited from North- making toasters, laboratory tables,1970’s: Tobacco declines, Textiles decline due to Asian competitionFewer textile workers (down a third). Furniture did OK into the 1990’s then declined
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294-297 (The Cotton Economy, Slavery, Ports, Civil War, Railroad, Ports. The link between cotton and slavery)
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325-330: Industrial Transition, Railroads, raw materials, urbanization (new towns) 1890’s
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332-335 and 340: The Dukes, Cotton Mills and Railroads, Spread of Manufacturing: 1870’s-1880’s-1890’s.
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ManufacturingNC became the leading manufacturing state in the SouthTobacco, textiles, and furniture
Durham and Winston Salem: cigarettesGaston County: Almost 100 millsHigh Point: furniture
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397-401 Automobiles, roads, urbanization, new business. 1920’s.
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ManufacturingThe “assembly line” produces reliable and cheaper carsA Ford Model T factory in Charlotte
Economics (money making, business, etc.)Businesses grew, including “moonshine” (illegal liquor”) delivered by car.Cities growing and making moneyWinston Salem made 1/5 of all NC manufactured wealthState went into debt to build the roads.
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445-446 (Post WWII industries, old and new) 484-88: Decline of “The Big Three”, New Industries, Banking. Post WWII to the 1970’s.
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Transportation: p.233- WHIGS-1830’s-40’sDevelopment of railroad connected
NC to the rest of the world.Wilmington and Weldon Railroad
AND Raleigh and Gaston Line Legislature Established North
Carolina Railroad- Longest in the World