22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the...

22
22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic reforms made by National Convention 1792-1795 First democratic constitution in France French Republic Single legislature Universal male suffrage Standard metric system

Transcript of 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the...

Page 1: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

22.3 Dawn of a New Era

• 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy• Defeat Prussians and ideals of the

monarchies• Saved spirit of the revolution• 2. Importance of Democratic reforms

made by National Convention 1792-1795• First democratic constitution in France• French Republic• Single legislature• Universal male suffrage• Standard metric system

Page 2: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• National Convention must deal with King Louis XIV – Correspondence with foreign monarchs as

evidence against him– Jan 1793 – executed by guillotine

Page 3: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.
Page 4: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

Did the new constitution by the National

Convention represent “RADICAL” ideas?

13%

87%1. Yes

2. No

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 5: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

Liberty Equality Fraternity

Page 6: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

100%1. Liberty and Justice for All

2. Life Liberty and Property

3. Life, Liberty and Pursuit of Happiness

4. Liberty Equality and Fraternity

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 7: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

With the new constitution in 1792, what became the motto for the new French Republic?

0%

100%

0%0%

1. Liberty and Justice for all

2. Life, Liberty, and Property

3. Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of happiness

4. Liberty, Equality, and Fraternity

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 8: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

King Louis XVI claimed to support the ideas of limited monarchy in the constitution of 1791. Does he still represent that idea? Which is accurate?

0%9%4%

87%1. Before he died, he prayed in a Catholic

Church.

2. Before he died, he claimed he still had a divine right to rule

3. Before he died, he confessed to the crimes of treason

4. Before he died, he apologized for ruining France

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 9: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

Louis XVI’s attitude at the end helped justify the actions of the radicals.

35%

65%1. True

2. False

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 10: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 3. King’s quote pg 568• “...I fear that she may suffer the anger of

the Lord”• a. how does this reflect his belief in

absolute power and Divine Right? • b. how do you think the public

responded? • …did this help the cause of the

Revolutionaries?

• 4. Who were sans-culottes? • Paris shopkeepers, artisans, workers• ….they believed in? • Republic elected by “citizens” • Reject wealth, extravagance• Favor simple life

Page 11: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

Sans-culottes would have represented….

18%

5%0%

73%

5%

1. The first estate

2. The second estate

3. The royalists

4. The third estate

5. The Moderates

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 12: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• What was significant about their name? • “without knee breeches (britches) ” –

wear long pants- symbolic of simple working man

Pantaloons / trousers

http://www.howjsay.com/index.php?word=sans-culottes

culottes

Page 13: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 5. Jacobins • Radicals • Believed in?

Republic, defend revolution and against monarchy

6. Girondists

Moderates – protect wealthy middle class from sans-culottes

Form opposition to Jacobins

7. Sans-culottes supported..? …result?

Jacobins – more radical measures and violence

Page 14: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 8. other monarchs in Europe felt….? • Threatened by events in France• Would ally against France • England, Spain, Holland, Austria,

Prussia

• 9. Jacobins vs. Girondists • Jacobins threaten all monarchies in

Europe. Accuse Girondists of being Royalists, arrests, conscription, and more war

Page 15: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• A political spectrum to represent a broad range of views ; especially political.

• Fill in • Right – no change• Royalists, go back to the way things were• Middle – just a little change • Girondists• Left – lots of change, radicals, overthrow

revolution• Jacobins

Page 16: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 10. Reign of Terror• Jacobins – “Save the

Revolution” eliminate all opposition

• Arbitrary arrests and punishments

• July 1793-July 1794 = 40,000 died

Page 17: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

The Reign of Terror went against the original enlightenment ideas of the French Revolution

1. True

2. False

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 18: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• After the successful revolutions, why do you think, (in both England and France) the leaders of the new government turned their back on the Enlightenment?

Page 19: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 11. Republic of Virtue• Jacobin goal – create Republic

w/ good citizens • Universal elementary education• Teach agric. Skills• Temporary price controls• Abolish slavery in colonies• Encourage religious tolerance

Page 20: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

The Republic of Virtue was filled with Enlightenment ideas

1. True

2. False

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30

Page 21: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 12 “By mid 1794, many people even favored a restoration of the monarchy.”

- why?

- TOO Radical, too fast, too extreme

- To Restore order

Page 22: 22.3 Dawn of a New Era 1. Importance of Battle of Valmy Defeat Prussians and ideals of the monarchies Saved spirit of the revolution 2. Importance of Democratic.

• 13. Directory and its problems

• 1795 – new constitution

• 5 member executive council

• 2 house legislature

• Faced opposition from radicals and royalists

• Economic problems

• Corruption (economic, political, personal) …..gee…..sound familiar?