2018 Spring TSINGHUA & NUS Joint Studio

Data Augmented Design for Future Cities

A.Prof.YingLongSchoolofArchitecture,Tsinghua

January10th,2018

EvolutionofdataenvironmentThepreviousera- 2010Thenewdataenvironment, since2010

Understandingandgoverningcitiesmainlyrelyonofficialyearbooks

Understandingandgoverningcitiesmainlyrelyonofficialyearbooks,surveysandquestionnaires

Count of bus ridings for each TAZ

Thenewdataenvironment,since2010

Open data: (1) Commercial websites / social media

Not big all the time

- OnlineUsersofTencent QQ

7

Source: Wang Jianghao

Open data: (2) Government websites

清华大学研究生课程《大数据与城市规划》，龙 瀛，ylong@tsinghua.edu.cn 9

LifeLogging

InternetofThings

ChangingurbanspaceanddailylifeinChinaShapedbyICTsEmergingissues

E-life in Chinese cities

Cameraseverywhere

清华同衡CITYGRID

Newelementsinpublicspace

Servicescometoyou

Algorithmofinternetcompaniescontroldailylife

Algorithmofinternetcompaniescontroldailylife

Algorithmofinternetcompaniescontroldailylife

Algorithmofinternetcompaniescontroldailylife

Bikesareback/sharingeconomy/useratherthanown

http://senseable.mit.edu/papers/pdf/20170410_Alvarez_RimaginingStreelight_JUT.pdf

ComputervsDataAidedvsAugmented

DataAugmentedDesign (CADàDAD)

A plannerworkedinTencent (oneofthelargestInternetcompaniesintheworld)forpreparingtherecentSpatialPlanofChina

Source: Wechat

Data Augmented Design (DAD)n Definition:Empowered by emerging big and open urban data, together with quantitative spatialanalysis and statistical approaches and cutting edge techniques like artificialintelligence, DAD provides a supporting platform for the whole planning and designprocess, ranging from field investigation, existing condition analysis, future forecasting,scheme design, operation evaluation and feedback. It is hoped that the application ofDAD in planning and design practice could improve the scientific level of planning anddesign, and inspire the creativity of planners and designers (Long and Shen, 2015).

n Position:DAD belongs to a new planning and design support form after CAD (Computer AidedDesign), DSS (Decision Support System), GIS (Geographical Information System) and PSS(Planning Support System). (CAD->GIS->DSS->PSS->DAD）

n Connotations

Data Augmented Design (DAD)

• A large coverage, fine-grained and complex epitaxy, trying to cover all related phenomena.• The self completion of structure, through empirical data support combined with its own

semantic construction system, helps to increase the scientific and empirical persuasion.• The generality of application attaches great importance to concept generation and support.

n Goal orientation• provide the required functions; adapt to the trend of urban development and change; plan

and design for the agent, taking account of the stakeholders; meet the aesthetic needs;• The standard of evaluation is more objective and qualitative.

n Object elements• All the elements involved in the design and the spatial effects of various social, economic

and environmental conditions.

n Basic methods• Spatial analysis, abstraction of elements, big models, data processing, and so on

n Design process• Design from quantitative analysis to specific plans with empirical basis, supplemented by

quantitative decision-making and public participation, and finally get the outcome of planning and design.

n Process of DAD:

Planning andconstructionregulations

Strategy Personalknowledgecontrol

Large coverage highprecision urban context

data

Data analysismethod and

modelUrban designelements

Urban designproposal Design data

Urban designscheme

Evaluationscenarios

Evaluationindex

calculation

Publicparticipation

Audit, approvaland

management

Decision andcoordination

Design resultText

Spatial data report

Effect evaluation

Atlas

Final schemedeterminationData Analysis

Participatory decision making

Controlling Factors Personal Value Judgments

Evaluation FieldFinal Results

Data augments the whole process of design, including existing conditionanalysis, evaluation, outcome and participatory decision-making.

Data Augmented Design (DAD)

n Existing Applications (details in the following slides):

1 Understand the elements of the site

2 Learn from other excellent cases

3 Embrace the most advanced technology and the next form of built environment

To create the future of the site

Data Augmented Design (DAD)

三方面的实践应用

理解现实场地内的城市，创造场地的未来

借鉴其他优秀城市，创造场地的未来

超越目前建成环境，拥抱当下最先进的技术和未来短期内实现的技术，创造场地的

未来的

2016上海城市挑战赛“数联衡复，优活代谢”

2017上海城市挑战赛“数联影动，幸福番禺”

通州新城总体城市设计

雄安新区总体城市设计

义龙未来城市设计国际竞赛

“TheNextFormofHumanSettlement”

2017上海城市挑战赛“数联影动，幸福番禺”

Collaborators: Zhejing Cao， Xiyu Liu, Zhaoqi, Liu, and

so on, school of architecture, Tsinghua

University

Understand the elements of the site from variousdimensions to create the future of the site

_Urban Redevelopment Oriented Design

Divide the streets into A/B based on data

Set up a space measurement platform to promote public participation Optimize A streets (better ones) Design B streets (dynamic change ones)

2016ShanghaiUrbanDesignChallenge

Comb the problem of functional organization Analyze questionnaire Strategies

Comb the problem of physical space Spatial perception of residents

Traffic flow statistics

Score of walkability

Spatial analysis of A/B streets Space measurement index and guidelines

General layout Aerial view

http://shanghaihengfu.jimdo.com

Design of information interactive platform

Collaborators: TianyuSu, Ying Long, HongyuZhou, Yu Pei and so on,

school of architecture, Tsinghua University

Understand the elements of the site from variousdimensions to create the future of the site

_Urban Redevelopment Oriented Design

Design process and framework

Data and planning

2017ShanghaiUrbanDesignChallenge

Search the keywordCompare the Street View

Quantitative analysis

Explore the current situation

interactive information board for street data acquisition

http://sudc.qxqy.sh.cn/achievement

case city 1

case city 2case city 3case

city N

casecity 1

casecity 2 case city 3 case city N

…….

plan 1 plan2 plan N…….

scene 1 scene 2 scene 3 scene N

1.Get the data of case city from openstreetmap

2.Extract the gene (qualitatively)

3.Calculate (quantitatively)

4.Extract the pattern (level of city and plot ）

traffic organization

network characteristics

open space building texture function layout

Density of public transport network (km/ k㎡）Density of station

Density of road network (km/ k㎡）Plot scale (ha)

Proportion of open space (%)

Plot scale (ha)Building density (%)plot ratio

Mixedness of urban functionDensity of urban function

Learn from other excellent cases to createthe future of the site

_Urban Expansion Oriented Design

The basic idea of case study

Urbandesignforthesub-centerofBeijing(TONGZHOU)

Traffic organization Street boundary Open space Construction density and shape

Density of urban function

Aerlemei

Yokohama

Marne-la-Vallée

Feature summary and pattern extraction (qualitative + quantitative)

Old Yokohama

New Yokohama

Extraction of urban structure patternCity center 500m around the station

20-24KM/KM2

50%-60%

Along the street

24-30KM/KM2

50%-60%

Concentrating around the site

density of road netw

orkBuilding density

Urban function and

open space

Extraction of urban morphological patterns

Feature summary and pattern extraction

Extract the pattern

Generation of road network in core areas Formation of new city

Generation of road network The layout of urban functions

Scheme generation

Old Yokohama

New Yokohama

urban public service facilities

CBD areas

International Cities Chinese Cities

Learn from other excellent cases to createthe future of the site

_Urban Expansion Oriented Design

Singapore London Paris

Tokyo Berlin San Francisco

Beijing Shanghai Guangzhou

Shenzhen Chengdu Hangzhou

UrbandesignforXiong’an NewDistrict

Analysis of typical urban areas in different countries

Waitan, Shanghai Futian CBD, Shen zhenFrench concession, Shanghai

Old city, Beijing Old city, Chendu Old city, Hnagzhou

Potsdam square, Germany Seashore Bay, Singapore

SOHO areas, London Knightsbridge, Belgrade Avia, London

Covent Garden, London

St. James, London

Milbank, London Hamburg Port new town, Germany

Friedrich, Berlin Atlanta, USA Saint Louis, USA

Embrace the most advanced technology and thenext form of built environment

_“The Next Form of Human Settlement”

Yilong FuturisticCityInternationalDesignCompetition

Technology’s eye

Prototype

Agenda

Engagement

The Next Form of Human Settlement

site

Sowhattodowithoursite?

Site area: 42ha

Jiuxianqiao North Road

Wanhong Road

Jiuxianqiao

EastR

oadJiux

ianq

iao

Roa

d

0 Collect information via site surveys by my group1 Quantitatively analyze selected cases worldwide2 Understand quality of space with self collected pictures or street view pictures3 Study the design site from functional and activity dimensions with emerging new datausing the open GIS software GeoDA

ExpectedApplicationsofDADinourstudio

There are many pictures about 751 on the web.

Pictures on the web

Understandtheelementsofthesite

Learnfromotherexcellentcases

Informationofcityand population

Brief introduction ofthe case Image of location Urban patternwith

buildingfootprintsFloornumberData

Wikipedia, Twitter,Facebook

Officialwebsite,Twitter,Facebook,Tourism website

Twitter,Facebook,Tourism website,Googlestreetviewer

Openstreetmap,Googleearth(360

cities)

Googleearth(360cities),Googlestreetviewer

General information

Datasources

Detailed information

photos diagram text GoogleStreetViewpicturesData

Twitter,Facebook,Instagram,LinkedinYoutube

Twitter,Facebook,Tourism website,Officialwebsite

Officialwebsite,Twitter,Facebook,Linkedin

Googlemap(Googleearth)

Datasources

Images

Googlemap(Googleearth)NASA

InChina,therearesomeotherresourcesofdata

Baidumap,Baidupictures,Wechat,Sina microblog

WEWORK: https://www.wework.comWELIVE: https://www.welive.comWEGROW: https://wegrowapp.com/

WeWork is an American company which provides shared workspaces,technology startup subculture communities, and services for entrepreneurs,freelancers, startups, small businesses and large enterprises. Founded in2010, it is headquartered in New York City. WeWork has a current valuationof roughly US$20 billion and manages 10 million square feet of officespace.

WeWork designs and builds physical and virtual shared spaces and officeservices for entrepreneurs and companies. The company’s 100,000+members have access to health insurance, an internal social network,social events and workshops, and an annual summer retreat.

We can scan the basic information about wework

Casestudy:sharingwork：Wework inLondonSouthEnd，UK

WeWork has more than 2000 employees and has locations in 59 cities and 20 countries including Australia, Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, France, Germany, India, Ireland,Israel, Japan, Mexico, Netherlands, Peru, Singapore, South Korea, Spain and United Kingdom.

There are 32 WeWork offices in London

We can find basic information about wework inLondon, and the reason to choose someplace.Besides, we can catch the detail informationabout every coworking space.

WEWORK: https://www.wework.com

General information

There are 4 WeWork offices in in London South End

Why they choose South Bank?With theatres, galleries, dance companies, and film studios,South Bank is always bustling with cultural events. Businesses inentertainment, hospitality, and tourism are attracted to SouthBank office space for its scenic strolls and abundant art venues.

We can get the detail information including locations.

Detail information

Photos, videos, posts, events, locations and reviews are available in Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and Linked in.

http://www.google.cn/maps/@51.5076784,-0.1068119,15z

Identify the quality of space from its attractiveness, vitality, safety and history

Google street view pictures

Three-Dimensional Building 360 Cities Open street map

https://www.360cities.net/ http://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=18/51.50780/-0.10868

Google Earth software

Someindoorscenesareavailableingooglestreetviewer

Other pictures

http://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=18/51.50780/-0.10868

traffic organization, network characteristics, open space, building texture, etc. can be analyzed via open street map and google earth.

Download QGIS://www.qgis.org/en/site/forusers/download.html

In large scaleIn small scale

Layer：8Perimeter：130mArea：925㎡Quality of space :quiet, comfortable, clean and new

Quantitatively analysis

Step1: Download the open street map from QGIS software or in the website.

Step2: Select data in the QGIS's content list, right-click, select Geometry Tools-, click Saved /Export/Add geometry column, export to SHP suffix data, and then edit it in ArcGIS software.

①

②https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/25889246

Datatype Databasename Maininformation website

Open data

CreativeCommons SharingKnowledge https://creativecommons.org/

OpenAccessLibrary Openjournalarticles,technicalreports,dissertations

http://www.oalib.com/

openstreetmap Map withstreetinformation http://www.openstreetmap.org/#map=15/51.5057/-0.1046

GlobalgeographicGeoJSON data Variousgeospatialdatainformation

SVG-EPS map Vectormapdata http://bbglab.irbbarcelona.org/svgmap/

GlobalcitiesData Bikedata http://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/group.html

sightsmap Photoaddressinformation http://www.sightsmap.com/#

Publicdatafromthegovernment Humandata:economy,industry,education,population,roadtraffic;Naturaldata:geology,topography,climate,soil,hydrology

Socialdata

WeChat,blogs,twitter,Wiki,Facebook,Linkedin, etc.

E- mail,documents,pictures,audio,video

Enterprisedata

Baidu,Google,MapABC,MapBar,Sina micro-blog,Sogou,UnitedNationscomprehensivedatabase,InternationalMonetaryFund,CEICglobaldatabase,worldbank,WorldBankEdStats,Taobao,Alibaba,Jingdong

Space,society,economy,education,Shopping

http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=3&timestamp=1515401421&ver=1&signature=qZStl*2RcaqxL2O4JLB3F2KIq0mLXME3CgAXrOhr2UyrHtm1Xt22cdACG8oMpkBZfGXdBAeN006hTMP12uqnj91XawYMKy3xEPE0oNcW04yu3WVMgsfrMKJzRyAIH8c1WYsd*NWBh7VTo9debcpUZQ==

http://mp.weixin.qq.com/s?src=11&timestamp=1515412736&ver=624&signature=VbtgzWuyXebGqJ01DCK1*G9dydl-BRF3jgoXb08KQa2Ce3OI28XmTKmCdHdvyVHyM1RsXf*8LXHoOeIJNuiIoNg1ntnSS-UkId8kVLOwM6jFyj7W7Zxe3JP1l4yzf0Z1&new=1

DataandResources

2018 Spring TSINGHUA & NUS Joint Studio

SHARING CITYMore details about Dr LONG Ying:

http://www.beijingcitylab.com/longy/

Email: ylong@tsinghua.edu.cn