2016 ENERGY BENCHMARKING REPORT · 2016-04-22 · Warehouse 160 25,738,555 19.3 81 79,790 76,591...

2016 ENERGYBENCHMARKING

REPORT

Benchmarking in Philadelphia

CITY OF PHILADELPHIA 2016 ENERGY BENCHMARKING REPORT

In Philadelphia, buildings are responsible for 60 percent

of carbon emissions emitted. Improving building energy

performance of Philadelphia’s building stock is important

to fulfilling Philadelphia’s commitment to addressing

climate change and meeting the 80 percent reduction of

greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 goal set by Mayor Jim

Kenney.

To meet this commitment, Philadelphia requires buildings

over 50,000 square feet to report and disclose their energy

and water usage annually. This report covers the third

year of benchmarking, completed in 2015.

Benchmarking can help building owners, operators, and

tenants identify opportunities to reduce energy costs. If

each benchmarked building reduced 2014 electric and

natural gas usage by ten percent, the total cost savings

would be an estimated $52.4 million.ii

2

Carbon Emissions of Philadelphia’s Benchmarked Buildings

20.9MILLION Mt CO2e

Citywide Carbon Emissions in 2012i

12.6MILLION Mt CO2e

Carbon Emissions from All Buildings in Philadelphia 2012

2.9MILLION Mt CO2e

Carbon Emissions from Buildings benchmarked in 2014

2014 Benchmarking Highlights

During the 2015 reporting period (covering 2014 data), more than 90 percent of required buildings benchmarked,

providing information on more than one quarter of Philadelphia’s built environment.


The median ENERGY STAR Score fell from 64 to 59, but is still nine points higher than the national median, demonstrating

a significant opportunity for energy efficiency improvements in commercial buildings citywide. Property owners and

managers can use benchmarking data to measure their buildings against their peers and identify opportunities for building

performance retrofits.

Represents 25%of TOTAL Citywide square footage

1921 BUILDINGS

Reported

280 MILLIONSquare feet

59MEDIAN ENERGY STAR Score

20152014

20

40

60

80

100

91%COMPLIANCE

Rate2013

3

2014 Benchmarking Results


• Nearly 2,000 buildings encompassing more than 280 million square feet of floor area (roughly 25 percent of all

developed space in Philadelphia) reported as part of the third year of the program. For the second straight year,

more than 90 percent of buildings required to report submitted data.iii

• Philadelphia buildings earning an ENERGY STAR score (a 1 to 100 measurement of energy efficiency) received a

median of 59 in 2014, nine points higher than the national median of 50. This is down from a score of 63 in 2013,

demonstrating the need for energy efficiency investment in many of Philadelphia’s largest buildings.

• Raw energy usage increased in 2014, but when normalized for weather, building performance improved between

2013 and 2014.

• There was a seven percent reduction in carbon emissions from large buildings. Office buildings, hospitals, and

higher education account for more than half of total carbon emissions from benchmarked buildings in 2014.

4


Consistent with prior years’ data, office buildings

continue to cover more than 25 percent of property

floor area and emit more carbon emissions than

any other sector. However, weather-normalized

site energy use intensity (WN Site EUI) is lower

than several other building types, including

schools, colleges, and hospitals.

Those three sectors combined account for nearly

half of carbon emissions among benchmarked

buildings in 2014.

2014 Building Energy Performance byBuilding Sector

All BuildingsMedian WN EUI

5

The Office of Sustainability is committed to working with these institutional partners to

identify opportunities for greenhouse gas reduction strategies while continuing to promote

the education and health sectors as areas for growth throughout Philadelphia.

The School District of Philadelphia will release its first-ever sustainability plan, GreenFutures, in May 2016.

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

- 10,000,000 20,000,000 30,000,000 40,000,000 50,000,000 60,000,000 70,000,000 80,000,000 90,000,000

Schools K-12

12% of Floor Area

7% of Carbon Emissions

Hospital

10% of Floor Area


College/ University

12% of Floor Area


2014 Median WN Site EUI and Carbon Emissions by Property Floor Area 250

200

150

100

50

010 20 30 40 50 60 70

Wea

ther

- N

orm

aliz

ed S

ite

EU

I (kB

tu/f

t2 )

Floor Area (millions square feet)

Carbon Emissions (MtCO2e)

156,000 200,000 490,000


2014 Building Energy PerformanceBy Sector

6

Number of Properties Reported

Total Floor Area (square feet)

Median WN Site EUI (kBtu/ft2)

Median ENERGY STAR Score

Total Water Use (kgal)

Carbon Emissions (MtCO2e)

School (K-12) 259 31,170,072 75.2 44 868,000 195,375

Office 208 69,544,539 76.0 73 957,375 653,532

Warehouse 160 25,738,555 19.3 81 79,790 76,591

College/ University 91 30,868,344 119.1 N/A 1,137,818 441,869

Other 55 7,716,693 54.4 N/A 81,130 56,422

Retail 54 8,472,718 71.9 74 108,857 92,357

Municipal 47 20,527,598 121.1 74 1,858,835 288,377

Hotel 41 11,150,482 93.7 41 397,626 109,332

Multifamily 40 5,384,078 97.4 32 219,481 46,126

Industrial 37 5,383,699 53.7 N/A 131,191 156,115

Hospital 33 24,708,964 198.8 54 1,667,334 487,239

Parking 31 6,725,034 15.3 N/A 29,301 16,904

Supermarket 29 2,184,858 227.9 60 54,564 46,977

Worship 19 1,658,832 36.6 95 9,864 21,870

Medical Office 15 2,405,192 129.0 23 60,434 33,689

Museum 9 1,308,148 82.1 N/A 4,840 12,644

Large Building Energy Use Trends


The average weather-normalized site energy use

intensity (WN Site EUI) of buildings benchmarking

from 2012 to 2014 remained relatively unchanged

despite an increase in total energy consumption.

See pages 8 and 9 for further discussion about

energy usage trends.

7

Average WN Site EUI for Benchmarked Buildings 2012-2014

0.0

20.0

40.0

60.0

80.0

100.0

120.0

1 2 3

Average WN Site EUI

Average WN Site EUIW

eath

er-N

orm

aliz

ed S

ite

EU

I (kB

tu/f

t2

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

201420132012

101.2kBtu/ft2

103.0kBtu/ft2

100.8kBtu/ft2

Carbon emissions decreased slightly between

2013 and 2014 even with the increase of energy

usage. This downward trend suggests that

benchmarked buildings are using lower-carbon

energy fuel sources like natural gas and steam.

2.3

2.3

2.4

2.4

2.5

2.5

2.6

21.0

21.5

22.0

22.5

23.0

23.5

24.0

24.5

25.0

2012 2013 2014

Mill

ions

Billi

ons

Total Energy Use and Carbon emissions

Total Energy GHG Emissions

2012 2013 2014

Ene

rgy

Usa

ge

(bill

ions

kB

tus)

Carb

on E

missio

ns (millio

ns MtC

O2e)

24.5

25.0

23.5

24.0

22.5

23.0

21.5

22.0

21.0

2.50

2.55

2.40

2.45

2.30

2.35

2.25

Total Energy Usage Vs. Carbon Emissions Over Time for Benchmarked Buildings

Carbon Emissions Total Energy Usage

Weather and Energy Use Trends


Energy usage in large non-residential buildings increased between 2012 and 2014, matching citywide energy trends

that the Office of Sustainability (OOS) has tracked as part of Greenworks reporting. This trend correlates with growth in

population, jobs, and development, as well as more extreme summers and winters.

Buildings reporting benchmarking data have used more natural gas, steam, and fuel oil, corresponding to an increase

in heating degree days (hours requiring heating, generally colder winter days). As Philadelphia continues to face more

extreme weather resulting from climate change, investments made by building owners to improve the efficiency and

resiliency of their facilities’ systems may become even more cost-effective.

-

2,000.0

4,000.0

6,000.0

8,000.0

10,000.0

12,000.0

14,000.0

16,000.0

2012 2013 20142012 2013 2014

14,000

12,000

10,000

8,000

6,000

4,000

2,000

0.

Ene

rgy

Usa

ge

(mill

ions

kB

tus)

Energy Usage by Fuel Type for Benchmarked Buildings 2012-2014

Electricity Natural Gas Steam Fuel Oil #2

Heating and Cooling Degree Days vs Total Energy Use Over Time for Benchmarked Buildings

-

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

21,000

21,500

22,000

22,500

23,000

23,500

24,000

24,50024,500

24,000

23,500

23,000

22,500

22,000

21,500

21,000

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

Cooling Degree Days (base 65) Heating Degree Days (base 65) Total Energy Usage of Benchmarked Buildings

Ene

rgy

Usa

ge

(mill

ions

kB

tus)

Num

ber o

f Days

2012 2013 2014

3,746Days

4,473Days

4,749Days

1,604 Days

1,411Days

1,311Days

8

Building Energy PerformanceENERGY STAR Trends


From 2012 to 2014 the median ENERGY STAR score of

eligible buildings reporting all three years decreased, but

still remains nine points above the national median of 50.

There has been a steady increase of the number of properties

receiving scores, possibly indicating higher quality reporting

by building owners and property managers.

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

Median ES Score

20

0

40

60

80

100

2012 2013 2014

National Median

Median ENERGY STAR Scores for Benchmarked Buildings 2012-2014

EN

ER

GY

STA

R S

core

The sector-level median ENERGY STAR scores over the

three years indicate that the hotels, medical offices, and

supermarkets are the lowest performing sectors, but also

provide the greatest sector-wide opportunity for improving

energy performance.

Median ENERGY STAR Score by Sector

2012 2013 2014Hospital 70 56 54

Hotel 43 44 46Medical Office 20 37 35

Office 69 70 73Retail 71 73 74

School (K-12) 65 50 46Supermarket 60 59 61Warehouse 83 75 79

9

66 60 59

Transforming Data into ActionPhiladelphia’s Energy Reduction Race

In fall 2014 the Office of Sustainability (OOS), in partnership with City Energy Project

and Delaware Valley Green Building Council, launched the Energy Reduction Race, a

voluntary citywide challenge among the largest non-residential buildings to reduce

energy consumption by five percent or more from 2014 to 2015. More than 30 buildings joined the competition,

participated in a free one-day building operator training course, and committed to reducing energy usage by at

least five percent. Participating buildings, including large commercial office buildings, non-profit facilities, and

hotels, saved a total of more than 70 million kBtus and reduced carbon emissions by 11 percent within one year.

15.4%100 North 18th Stiv

Size: 808,040 ft2 Type: Office

12,031,380 kBtus1701 JFK Blvdv

Size: 1,538,959 ft2 Type: Office

Biggest ENERGY STAR Score Improvement

Biggest Percentage Reduction in Energy

Biggest Energy Consumption Reduction

11pts150 Rouse Blvdvi

Size: 58,386 ft2 Type: Office

CITY OF PHILADELPHIA 2016 ENERGY BENCHMARKING REPORT10

Looking Forward


In 2015 City Council unanimously voted to require residential large buildings to benchmark and disclose energy usage.

OOS, with assistance from DVGBC and EPA Region III, will hold multifamily-specific benchmarking trainings and provide

phone, email and in-person support to more than 700 large residential buildings submitting benchmarking data for the

first time in 2016. As a result of this change in the benchmarking law, residential property owners and managers will have

new tools to analyze energy and water usage to help them make informed decisions when upgrading their buildings and

increase tenant satisfaction and comfort.

To help building representatives understand their performance relative to their peers, OOS

issued Energy Performance Profiles for every building that benchmarked in 2015. The profiles

include details on energy efficiency programs designed to help large commercial buildings

improve their energy performance. The office also maintains a data visualization tool (available

at http://visualization.phillybuildingbenchmarking.com) to facilitate peer-to-peer comparison

of building performance.

In an effort to make building energy data management and compliance more efficient, OOS

joined the U.S. Department of Energy SEED Platform Collaborative, a partnership with state

and local governments and efficiency program administrators, leading non-profits, and private

sector companies that are committed to reshaping the data landscape in the buildings sector.

11

CITY OF PHILADELPHIA 2016 ENERGY BENCHMARKING REPORT12

Endnotes

i. Citywide and building carbon emissions data from Philadelphia Citywide Greenhouse Gas Inventory, 2012.

ii. Saving estimates are based on self-reported 2014 buildings’ electricity and natural gas usage and utility cost data is

based on US Energy Information Administration estimate regional cost of energy for 2014.

iii. The energy and building data used in this report is self-reported by building owners from 2012, 2013, and 2014. The

trend data includes only buildings benchmarking all three years, from 2012 to 2014.

iv. Photo provided by Brandywine Realty Trust.

v. Photo by R. Bradley Maule.

vi. Photo by Halkin Mason Photography.

Acknowledgments


Office of Sustainability thanks the following partners for their continued support:

The report was produced by Rich Freeh and Rupal Prasad at the City of Philadelphia Office of Sustainability.

Cover photo provided by Ronald McDonald House.

13

2016 ENERGY BENCHMARKING REPORT · 2016-04-22 · Warehouse 160 25,738,555 19.3 81 79,790 76,591...

Documents

Transcript of 2016 ENERGY BENCHMARKING REPORT · 2016-04-22 · Warehouse 160 25,738,555 19.3 81 79,790 76,591...