Library Tech Update

Marshall Breeding

Independent Consultant, Author,

Founder and Publisher, Library Technology

Guides

http://www.librarytechnology.org/

http://twitter.com/mbreeding

February 19, 2015 Future Tech Strategies for Libraries

Platforms and Discovery

Library Technology Guides

Library Technology Industry

Reports

2014: Strategic Competition and Cooperation

2013: Rush to Innovate

2012: Agents of Change

2011: New Frontier

2010: New Models, Core Systems

2009: Investing in the Future

2008: Opportunity out of turmoil

2007: An industry redefined

2006: Reshuffling the deck

2005: Gradual evolution

2004: Migration down, innovation up

2003: The competition heats up

2002: Capturing the migrating customer

American Libraries Library Journal

Library Systems Report 2014

Evolution of Resource

Management

Fragmented Resource

Management Integrated Library System for management of (mostly) print

Duplicative financial systems between library and university

Electronic Resource Management

E-Resource knowledge base and Link Resolver

A-Z e-journal lists and other finding aids

Interlibrary loan (borrowing and lending)

Digital Collections Management platforms (CONTENTdm, DigiTool, etc.)

Separate systems for archival materials and special collections

Discovery-layer services for broader access to library collections

No effective integration services / interoperability among disconnected systems, non-aligned metadata schemes

Cycles of fragmentation >

unification

Early Phase: Modular automation

Integrated Library Systems

Proliferation of systems to manage electronic

resources and digital collections

Current unification phase: library services

platforms bring together print and electronic

resource management

Next phase? Bring archival and digital assets

under common management platform

Integrated (for print) Library

System

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding

/ Items

Circ

TransactUser Vendor Policies

$$$

Funds

Cataloging Acquisitions Serials Online

Catalog

Public Interfaces:

Interfaces

Business

Logic

Data

Stores

LMS / ERM: Fragmented Model

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding

/ Items

Circ

TransactUser Vendor Policies

$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials Online

Catalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces

`

License

Management

License

Terms

E-resource

Procurement

VendorsE-Journal

Titles

Protocols: CORE

Common approach for ERM

Circulation

BIB

Staff Interfaces:

Holding

/ Items

Circ

TransactUser Vendor Policies

$$$

Funds

CatalogingAcquisitionsSerials Online

Catalog

Public Interfaces:

Application Programming Interfaces

Budget License Terms

Titles / Holdings

Vendors

Access Details

Ongoing gaps in Library

Technology Infrastructure

Almost no systematic automation support for

references and research services

Customer Relationship Management?

Resource sharing / Interlibrary loan

management

Archives and Special Collections

Current Flagship Products

SirsiDynix Symphony BLUEcloud Suite

Sierra (Innovative Interfaces)

Polaris (Innovative Interfaces)

Virtua (Innovative Interfaces)

Library.Solution (The Library Corporation)

V-smart (Infor)

Apollo (Biblionix)

Evergreen (Open source)

Koha (Open Source)

Resource Management Models

Category Integrated Library

System

Progressive

integrated library

System

Library Services

Platform

Resources managed Physical Print, electronic Electronic, Physical

Technology platform Server-based Server-based Multi-tenant SaaS

Knowledgebases None None e-holdings,

bibliographic

Patron interfaces Browser-based Browser-based Browser-based

Staff interfaces Graphical Desktop

(Java Swing,

Windows, Mac OS)

Browser-based Browser-based

Procurement models Purchase Purchase, license license

Hosting option Local install, ASP Local install, ASP Saas Only

Interoperability Batch transfer,

proprietary API

Batch transfer,

RESTful APIs,

APIs (mostly RESTful)

Products SirsiDynix Symphony,

Millennium, Polaris

Sierra, SirsiDynix

Symphony/BLUEcloud,

Polaris, Apollo

WorldShare

Management Services,

Alma, ProQuest Intota,

Sierra, Kuali OLE

Comprehensive Resource Management

Simplify resource management through

platform consolidation

ILS + ERM + OpenURL Resolver + Digital

Asset management, etc. very inefficient model

Consolidation requires a flexible platform

capable of managing multiple type of library

materials, multiple metadata formats, with

appropriate workflows

Library Services Platform

Library-specific software. Technical infrastructure to help libraries automate their internal operations, manage collections, fulfillment requests, and deliver services

Services Services-oriented architecture

Exposes Web services and other API’s

Facilitates the services libraries offer to their users

Platform General infrastructure for library automation

Consistent with the concept of Platform as a Service

Library programmers address the APIs of the platform to extend functionality, create connections with other systems, dynamically interact with data

Library Services Platforms –

Functional

Manages electronic and print formats of

materials

Replaces multiple incumbent products

Extensive Metadata Management

Multiple procurement workflows

Knowledgebases

Built-in collection analytics

Decision support for collection development

Knowledge bases

Electronic Resource Management based on collective database of the body of e-content rather than library-by-library management

LSP extends knowledge base model to all resources

Make links or associations from local holdings to common bibliographic records WorldShare Management Services – based on

WorldCat Bibliographic records

Ex Libris Alma – includes Community Zone of shared records and resources

Intota: expanded knowledge base that includes MARC and other resources

Support for BIBFRAME

New bibliographic framework based on mapping MARC concepts and data into linked data model

No direct support for BIBFRAME in either integrated library systems or library services platforms

Developers are involved in BIBFRAME initiative

Operational implementations will come once the model has stabilized

Current phase of experimental projects and prototypes

Applies differently to discovery versus resource management

Library Services Platforms –

Technical

Beyond Client/Server Computing

Multi-tenant platforms

Web-based interfaces

Services-oriented architecture

Exposes APIs for extensibility and

interoperability

Interoperable

Consolid

ate

d in

dex

Unified Presentation LayerSearch:

Digital

Coll

ProQue

st

EBSCO

…

JSTOR

Other

Resourc

es

New Library Management

Model

`

API Layer

Library

Services

Platform

Learning

Managemen

t

Enterprise

Resource

Planning

Stock

Managemen

t

Self-Check /

Automated

Return

Authenticati

on

Service

Smart Cad /

Payment

systems

Cycle of adoption and

deployment

Beginning of a new cycle of transition that will last a decade

Development and beta phase complete

Now in mass deployment phase

Over the course of the next decade, academic libraries will replace their current legacy products with new platforms

Not just a change of technology but a substantial change in the ways that libraries manage their resources and deliver their services

Development Timeline

http://librarytechnology.org/chron/libraryservicesplatforms.pl

Library Services Platform

Installations

Production installations as of December

2014

Product Installation

s

Sales

Alma 150 370

WorldShare Management Services 270 340

Kuali OLE 2 10

Intota 0 21

Sierra 495 560

Total 917 1316

The Evolution of Library

Resource Discovery

Online Catalog

Books, Journals, and Media at the Title Level

Not in scope:

Articles

Book Chapters

Digital objects

Web site content

Etc.

Scope of Search

Search:

Search Results

ILS Data

Demise of the local catalog

Many library services platforms do not include

the concept of an online catalog dedicated to

local physical inventory

Designed for discovery services as public-

facing interface

Implication: Discovery service must

incorporate detailed functionality for local

materials and related services

Web-scale Index-based Discovery

Search:

Digital

Collections

Web Site

Content

Institutional

Repositorie

s

…

E-Journals

Reference

Sources

Search Results

Pre-built harvesting

and indexing

Co

nso

lida

ted

Ind

ex

ILS Data

Aggregated

Content

packages

Usage-

generated

Data

Customer

Profile

Open

Access

Bento Box Discovery Model

Search:

Digital

Collections

Web Site

Content

Institutional

Repositorie

s

E-JournalsSearch Results

Pre-built harvesting

and indexing

Co

nso

lida

ted

Ind

ex

ILS Data

Aggregated

Content

packages

Open

AccessVuFind /

Blacklight

Library Web Presence

Integrated Library

System

Library

Web site

Subject

GuidesArticle, Databases,

E-Book collections

Public Interfaces:

Presentation Layer

Library Perspective

Strategic investments in subscriptions

Strategic investments in Discovery Solutions to provide access to their collections

Expect comprehensive representation of resources in discovery indexes Problem with access to resources not represented in

index

Encourage all publishers to participate and to lower thresholds of technical involvement and clarify the business rules associated with involvement

Need to be able to evaluate the coverage and performance of competing index-based discovery products

Challenge for Relevancy

Technically feasible to index hundreds of

millions or billions of records through Lucene

or SOLR

Difficult to order records in ways that make

sense

Expectation that relevancy be neutral relative

to content source or publisher

Many fairly equivalent candidates returned for

any given query

Must rely on use-based and social factors to

improve relevancy rankings

Socially-powered discovery

Leverage use data to increase effectiveness of

discovery

Usage data can identify important or popular

materials to inform relevancy engines

Identify related materials that may not

otherwise be uncovered through keyword

matching

Be careful to avoid introducing bias loops

Management + Discovery?

Discovery and Management solutions will increasingly be implemented as matched sets Ex Libris: Primo / Alma

ProQuest: Summon / Intota

OCLC: WorldCat Discovery Service / WorldShare Platform

Except: Kuali OLE,

EBSCO Discovery Service: Works with any Resource management system

Both depend on an ecosystem of interrelated knowledge bases

API’s exposed to mix and match, but efficiencies and synergies are lost

Discovery Strategy Options

Integrated suite: discovery and management

systems from the same provider

Open source discovery + Library Services

Platform

VuFind or Blacklight

Discovery layer + ERM with separate ILS for

print collection

Fully Integrated Strategy

Library services Platform

Index-based discovery service

Integrated link resolution

Shared e-resource knowledgebase

Analytics available from back-end and

discovery perspective

Split Management / Discovery

Strategy

Library Services Platform for management of print and electronic resources

Separate index-based discovery

Knowledge base probably provided through Library Services Platform

Link Resolution separate from Discovery: how to perform smart linking?

Export and sync resource records from management to discovery service

API look-ups for resource availability and status

Patron profile and services request split between discovery and resource management components

Business issues

Preferred pricing for product suites

Simplified pathways of support

Implementation and ongoing maintenance of

integration layer components and processes

Open source and Open Access

Open source development of platform services

Open source infrastructure components

Open APIs to expose platform services

Knowledge base components

Open access

Community maintained

Adequately resourced

Open Systems

Achieving openness has risen as the key driver behind library technology strategies

Libraries need to do more with their data

Ability to improve customer experience and operational efficiencies

Demand for Interoperability

Open source – full access to internal program of the application

Open API’s – expose programmatic interfaces to data and functionality

Open Source Automation

Systems

Koha

smaller public and academic libraries

Used for some consortia (SKLS)

Evergreen

Designed for Library Consortia

Kuali OLE

Designed for large research libraries

Company and Product

Perspectives

Library Services Platforms

Category WorldShare

Managemen

t Services

Alma Intota Sierra

Services

Platform

Kuali OLE

Responsible

Organization

OCLC. Ex Libris Serials

Solutions

Innovative

Interfaces,

Inc

Kuali Foundation

Key precepts Global

network-level

approach to

management

and discovery.

Consolidate

workflows,

unified

manageme

nt: print,

electronic,

digital;

Hybrid data

model

Knowledgeb

ase driven.

Pure multi-

tenant SaaS

Service-

oriented

architecture

Technology

uplift for

Millennium

ILS. More

open source

components,

consolidated

modules and

workflows

Manage library

resources in a

format agnostic

approach.

Integration into the

broader academic

enterprise

infrastructure

Software model Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Open Source

Development Schedule

WorldShare

Management

Services

Alma Intota Sierra

Services

Platform

Kuali OLE

General

Release in

July 2011

~200 now in

production

First ARL

member in

production in

June 2014

329 libraries

have signed

for Alma.

Over 250 in

production

Libraries

expected to be

in production

by late 2015

early to late

2016

336 contracts

completed,

495libraries in

production

Version 1.0

released Dec 2013

Version 2.0

underway

Summer 2014

implementations at

University of

Chicago and

Lehigh University

OCLC

Non-profit corporation based in Dublin Ohio

$203.5 million revenue 2011/12 fiscal year

Owned and Governed by membership: Board of Trustees, Global and Regional Councils

Pending lawsuit between SkyRiver / Innovative vs OCLC (in limbo since April 2011)

Annual Reports available:

http://www.oclc.org/news/publications/annualreports/2012/2012.pdf

OCLC Product Strategy

Leverage WorldCat to power both discovery

and management

Leverage values of broad-based resource

sharing

Leverage concept of global library community

WorldShare Platform

Basis of new suite of management tools for

libraries

WorldShare Management Services: displaces

basic ILS

WorldShare License Manager: Displaces ERM

WorldShare Metadata Management:

Initial offering involves e-book sets

WorldShare Interlibrary Loan

WorldShare implementations by

Size

WorldShare Management Services

by Type

Ex Libris

Positioned to be the largest company in the

industry

Formidable competition for Academic Libraries

Global marketing strength

Europe, Asia, North America

Latin American distributor

Longstanding business strategy based on

research and development

170 personnel in development out of 512

Ex Libris Product Strategy

Legacy ILS remain viable and profitable

Aleph – Many national and large research library

installations

Voyager – Many national and academic research

Customer base seeing some erosion to competing

systems

Alma developed as replacement for Aleph,

Voyager and to attract new academic clients

Academic libraries running non-specialized ILS

targets for Alma

Alma

Developed specifically for Academic Libraries

Replaces all other strategic infrastructure

systems

ILS + Link Resolver + Digital Asset Management

+ ERM

Paired with Primo and Primo Central

Over 120 institutions signed so far

Community Catalog /

knowledgebases

Ex Libris has invested in the content resources needed to drive technology products

SFX Global Knowledgebase: Developed and maintained by Ex Libris See: Knowledge Base and Link Resolver Study

http://www.kb.se/dokument/Knowledgebase_linkresolver_study.pdf

A core component of Alma

Bibliographic database component: MARC records available from LC, Harvard, national libraries, Alma implementers.

Eventual product consolidation

Alma for resource management

Eventual transition of Voyager and Aleph

Immediate transition of Verde

SFX

DigiTool for digital collections

Primo / Primo Central for Discovery

Rosetta for Preservation

Possible integration into Alma?

Alma – Implementations by

Type

Alma – Implementations by

Size

Primo / Primo Central

Very specialized discovery tool for academic

libraries

Local installation or hosted

Libraries load and index local content through

customizable pipes

Customized display and indexing policies

Primo Central Index

Hosted index of library content resources

Articles, book chapters, e-book collections,

specialized research products

Ex Libris established strong publisher relations

going back to OpenURL

Innovative Interfaces

Continuity of history and product development

Sierra: New Library Services Platform +

mature functionality

Encore: Discovery interface

Synergy: Federated search approach to article

content

EDS Integration: upcoming index-based

discovery

Sierra implementations by Type

Sierra implementations by Size

Sierra selections by Year

Kuali OLE

Enterprise level library services platform

Financial and in-kind contributions from

investing institutions

Matched by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation

Major academic libraries in the US involved as

original investing partners

UK: Senate House Library + Bloomsbury

Colleges now committed in principal

ProQuest

Focus on Academic Libraries

Summon: first Web-scale Discovery Service

Intota: Planned Library Services Platform

ProQuest Strategies

Focus on multi-tenant software as a service

Knowledge-base driven products

KnowledgeWorks: drives 360 Core, 360 Resource

Manger, 360 Link

Expanded KB will drive Intota

Summon+ 360 Products will drive Intota sales

to displace legacy ILS

Intota functionality: less complex approach

than ILS model

Intota Development Timeline

Jun 24, 2014

ProQuest releases foundation version of

Intota, providing management of electronic

resources.

Nov 21, 2013Initial version of Intota Assessment

launched by ProQuest.

Jun 22, 2011

Serials Solutions announces strategy to

build Web-Scale management solution,

later branded as Intota.

Intota Components

Summon (no patron account)

Intota Analytics

360 Link

360 Resource Manager > Intota ERM

ProQuest Flow: provides user account

capability

Intota v2 – includes print resource

management

Evergreen

Evergreen

Popular system for state funded initiatives

Georgia Pines

Virginia Evergreen

Indiana Evergreen

Pennsylvania Integrated Library System:

SPARKS

Massachusetts: CW/MARS, Bibliomation,

Merimack

British Columbia SITKA

North Carolina Cardinal

Vermont: new Catamount project

Evergreen implementations by

Type

Koha

Koha

Traditional ILS developed in Open Source

model

Perl / MySQL / Linux

Problems with scaleability

Apache SOLR, Plack added recently

New US contracts going mostly to smaller

public and academics

Koha

Traditional ILS developed in Open Source

model

Perl / MySQL / Linux

Problems with scaleability

Apache SOLR, Plack added recently

New US contracts going mostly to smaller

public and academics

Koha Worldwide

Questions and Discussion