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U.S.A.M.V.Facultatea de ManagementAnul universitar 2012 2013, semestrul al II-leaLimba englezStudentVlad Marin Daniel

Grupa8213

Nota obinut:

Textul originalTraducerea n limba romn

Models of Decision Making

The normative model of decision making (also described as the rational model (RAT)), offers a starting point to try to understand the process of decision making through the decision body and context. It remains an important foundation for a variety of social science and humanistic disciplines including leadership studies (Vroom & Yetton, 1973), economics and rational choice theory (Levi, 1997: Scott, 2000). This model assumes that all relevant and pertinent information is available to the decision body in a supportive (and unconstrained context), to allow optimal decisions to be taken, through a consideration of all potential outcomes (which themselves can be known and understood in advance) (Lee and

Cummins, 2004). In the case of economics for example, this may be a comparative cost benefit analysis. Key stages in this approach might then be described as:

Define the problem (what is it that needs to be determined?)

Determine the evaluative criteria (efficiency? efficacy? morality?)

Identify all possible solutions (the range of actions which result in the achievement of the problem aim)

Judge the achievement of the outcomes of these solutions against preferred criteria and problem aim (which solution works best by the relevant criteria)

Choose the optimal solution

Modele de luare a deciziilorModelul normative de luare a deciziei( de asemenea, descris ca modelul rational (RAT)), ofera un punct de plecare pentru a incerca sa intelegi procesul de luarea deciziei prin organ de decizie si context. Aceasta ramane o baza importanta pentru o varietate de stiinte sociale si discipline umanistice inclusive studii de conducere (Vroom & Yetton,1973), studii economice si teoria alegerii rationale (Levi,1997:Scott,2000). Acest model presupune ca toata informatia relevant si pertinent sa fie la dispozitia organului dedecizie intr-o sustinere (si un context fara restrictii) pentru a permite luarea unor decizii optime care trebuie luate prin luarea in considerare a tuturor rezultatelor posibile (care ele insusi pot fi cunoscute si intelese in avans) (Lee and Cummins,2004). In acest caz de economie, de exemplu, acesta poate fi un cost comparativ-beneficii. Etapele-cheie in aceasta abordare ar putea fi descrise ca: Definirea problemei (ceea ce ai nevoie sa stabilesti)

Determinarea criteriilor de evaluare (eficienta?, eficacitate?, moralitate?) Sa identifici toate solutiile posibile (gama de actiuni care sa conduca la realizarea tintei problemei)

Sa judeci atingerea realizarea acesor solutii impotriva criteriului preferat si tinta problemei ( care solutie functioneaza cel mai bine de criteriul relevant)

Alege solutia optima