1. Production practices that optimize yield, quality, and profit

2. Disease management with emphasis on blackleg management. Note: sclerotinia research proposals should be submitted to the Sclerotinia Initiative.

3. Insect management, identification and control4. Straight-harvest canola research, including the use of

desiccants5. Rotation studies that determine optimal broadleaf

crops to precede canola

2012 Priorities

6. Reduction of pod shattering, including identification of varieties resistant to shattering

7. Increasing oil yield per acre in canola8. Nitrogen/sulfur fertility management, including use-

efficiency studies9. Seeding date by location studies with newer hybrids. 10.Other traditional or non-traditional research that has

potential to increase canola acres and production11.Evaluating and improving canola production on

marginal lands (e.g., saline soils).

2012 Priorities

Canola desiccation: Effect of Sharpen and  Valor applied pre‐harvest on canola yield  and seed quality

Brian Jenks, Tiffany Walter, and Gary WilloughbyNorth Dakota State University

Ed DavisMontana State University

Determine the effect of Sharpen and Valor  applied pre‐harvest on canola yield, seed 

moisture, and seed quality compared to  diquat and swathing.

Determine if diquat at 1 pt will provide  effective desiccation compared to the U.S. 

labeled rate of 1.5 pt.

Evaluate Liberty as a desiccant alone or with  glyphosate.  

Objectives

Summary of 2010 and 2011 results• Diquat was most effective for desiccating pods and 

stems 3‐10 DAT.  It was very consistent at reducing  seed moisture.  

• Visually, Sharpen + Glyph was not as effective as  diquat, but provided acceptable desiccation after 10‐

14 days.  Reduced seed moisture similar to diquat.

• Valor performed well in 2010, but not in 2011.  

• Glyphosate desiccated stems very well in 2011, and  reduced seed moisture more than diquat in 2011.  

• < 50 lb seed loss in both years.• Swathing and diquat had slightly higher green count 

both years (Swath: 2.6 and 2.4; diquat: 2.1 and 0.5). 

Methods in 2012

• Clearfield Brassica juncea variety

• Treatments applied when seeds in middle pods started  to turn color.  

• Yellow sticky cards used to collect falling seeds and  pods.  

• One treatment was swathed the same day desiccants  were applied.  

• Treatments evaluated visually 3, 7, 10, and 14 DAT.  

Summary

• Warm, dry conditions accelerated crop maturity and  dry down.  Thus, it was difficult to identify potential  treatment differences.  

• Diquat at 1 pt provided similar desiccation and crop  quality as 1.5 pt.  

• Liberty provided enough desiccation to warrant  further investigation in 2013.  

• This Brassica juncea variety dried down quickly and  seemed more prone to shattering and pod drop.

• None of the treatments caused high green count  

Questions??

Canola Seeding Date Study 2012

i.) Evaluate seeding date effect on Herbicide Resistant Canola Systems

ii.) Compare net returns

iii.) Investigate No-till vs. Conventional till

Spring canola seeding date study

No till - WesternConventional till - Eastern

Dickinson Research/Extension Center

▼

Experimental Design

• RCBD with split plot arrangement, 4 replicates– Main plot – Seeding date

• 5 dates spaced about 10 days• 1st date close to when producers first

plant– Subplot – Hybrid

• DKL30-42 Roundup Ready• Invigor 8440 Liberty Link

Traits Evaluated• Stand• Weed pressure• Flowering• Plant height• Plant lodging• Test weight• Seed yield• Seed oil content• Oil composition• Net return

Canola seeding dates at four North Dakota locations in 2012.Seedingdate Carrington Prosper Langdon MinotDate 1 April 24 May 3 April 27 April 25

Date 2 May 7 May 11 May 9 May 3

Date 3 May 21 May 18 May 21 May 15

Date 4 June 4 May 31 June 1 May 25

Date 5 June 19 June 13 June 12 June 5

Canola seed yield (lb/A) at three North Dakota locations in 2012.Seeding date Carrington Prosper Langdon MinotDate 1 1523a 1734a 2214a Not

available

Date 2 1325a 1382b 1929b -

Date 3 1492a 1644ab 2068ab -

Date 4 883b 770c 1259c -

Date 5 625c 742c 1361c -

LSD(0.05) 221 295 212

Canola seed yield (% of Date 1) at three North Dakota locations in 2012.

Seedingdate Carrington Prosper Langdon MinotDate 1 100 100 100 Not

available

Date 2 87 80 87 -

Date 3 98 95 93 -

Date 4 58 44 57 -

Date 5 41 43 61 -

Canola seed yield (lb/A) at Langdon, North Dakotain 2010, 2011, and 2012.Seedingdate

Year2010

Year2011

Year2012

Flower2012

Date 1 2970 2840 2214 June 21

Date 2 3110 3240 1929 June 28

Date 3 3560 2950 2068 July 2

Date 4 3080 3300 1259 July 10

Date 5 3160 3430 1361 July 18

Questions?

AcknowledgementsAppreciation is extended to the

National Canola Research Program for study funding

2012 Growing Season ‐ Recap

2012 warmest & driest in 

recent memory

70 degrees in March

Early planting for all 

crops in northern MN

Aster leafhoppers

Hail

Heat

Canola pod shatter 

Rapid dry‐down & wind

2012 CPC Research Trials

Small plot canola fertility trial

Small plot planting date trial

Large on‐farm swath vs. direct harvest 

Small Plot Fertility Trial 

Previous crop ryegrass

Planting date 5/3/12

PPI treatments  

incorporated with s‐tine  harrow with rolling 

basket

Dry conditions at 

incorporation and at  planting

Nitrogen loss???

Fertility Treatments

Urea PPI ‐

0, 45, 90, 135, 180

Urea + ESN ‐

0, 45, 90, 135, 180

Post ‐

0, 45, 90, 135

PPI + Post ‐

0,  45 + 45,  45 + 90, 45

PPI – May 1, Post – June 7 (4‐lf canola) 

Canola Fertility Trial

Canola variety DK 72‐40

Limited rain for 4 weeks 

after planting

Two rain events after 

post emergence fertility  applications

Significant nitrogen loss 

in PPI treatments

Canola yields ranged 

from 696 to 1,603 #/A

Canola Seed Yield (#/A)

13590

Canola Seed Yield (#/A)

0 + 45 0 + 90 0 + 13513590

Canola Seed Yield (#/A)

0 + 45 0 + 90 0 + 13513590

45 + 45 45 + 90 45 + 135

Small Plot Planting Date Trial

Two varieties DK 72‐40 RR 

& InVigor LL‐130

Five planting dates 

May 3, 12, 21, 31 and June 13

RR canola yields ranged 

from 1,430 to 1,726

LL canola yields ranged 

from 1,142 to 1,574   

2012 Canola Planting Date Trial (Yield in lb/A)

Canola Planting Date Trial

Aster yellows: more symptoms on first three planting 

dates

Hail damage on first three dates (10%)

Pod shatter most evident on early planting dates

Last date highest canola yields  

Large On‐Farm Direct Harvest Trial

Large On‐Farm Swath vs. Direct  Harvest Trial

Cooperators Brian and 

Sheldon Rice

Field operations 

conducted with  commercial scale 

equipment

Significant canola pod 

shatter due to hot windy  weather

On‐Farm Swathed vs. Direct  Harvest

NDSU Canola Breeding program

Canola Breeding ObjectivesCanola Breeding Objectives

General scheme: modified pedigree method with early generation testing

Objectives:1- High seed yield2- High oil content3- Resistance to WM and blackleg4- Frost tolerant5- Salinity tolerant6- Shattering tolerant7- Good root system8- Resistance to lodging

High oil/acre

NDSU-COE plot testing program

From 2006 to 2012

Germplasm development1. Open pollinated (OP) breeding

2. Hybrid breeding

Breeding Program

Breeding materials1. Roundup ready lines

2. Conventional lines

Variety Ave yield lb/a (15 Env.)

Over ave. hybrid (%)

Oil(%)

Over ave. oil (%)

h-119 2656 9.2 44.0 2.2

DKL 72-55 2609 7.3 43.3 0.4

DKL 30-42 2592 6.6 42.5 -1.3

Pio 45H26 2459 1.1 43.1 0.1

DKL 52-41 2419 -0.5 42.8 -0.6

IS 71-45 2275 -6.5 43.2 0.2

DKL 38-25 2240 -7.9 43.6 1.2

Promising Hybrid: h-119Year = 4, Locations = 5Environment = 19

Experimental Results

SL# Company Variety Yield1 NDSU h119 25092 DeKalb DKL30‐42 24133 DeKalb DKL70‐07 23144 Monsanto G08648 22905 Croplan HyClass 955 22866 Croplan HyClass 930 22807 Mycogen Nexera 1012 22758 DeKalb DKL55‐55 22699 Monsanto G08652 225910 Monsanto G13109 225711 Cargill V12‐1 223612 NDSU 1229 222313 DeKalb DKL72‐55 219114 Integra 7150 R 217715 Star Star 402 216816 BrettYoung BY 12‐054 216817 NDSU 1227 215218 Cargill V1050 214619 Croplan HyClass 947 213020 Integra 7152 R 212621 BrettYoung 6070 RR 212322 Monsanto G84737 210523 Monsanto G93765 209924 BrettYoung 6040 RR 209325 DeKalb DKL30‐03 208526 NDSU 1228 203527 Pioneer 45S54 200128 Monsanto G95483 200029 Croplan HyClass 988 199930 Monsanto G95585 198931 Pioneer 46S53 196132 Cargill V2045 194133 Fill HyClass 940 193334 NDSU 1201 190635 Mycogen Nexera 1016 189736 Monsanto G08486 189437 Proseed 45 Caliber 189038 Cargill V2035 183839 Pioneer 45S52 1770

SL# Company Variety Oil/a1 NDSU h119 11612 DeKalb DKL30‐42 11153 DeKalb DKL55‐55 10974 Croplan HyClass 930 10925 Croplan HyClass 955 10836 DeKalb DKL70‐07 10787 Monsanto G08652 10688 Star Star 402 10619 Monsanto G13109 105210 Monsanto G08648 105111 DeKalb DKL72‐55 103712 Integra 7150 R 103213 Croplan HyClass 947 101214 NDSU 1229 101015 Mycogen Nexera 1012 101016 DeKalb DKL30‐03 99717 Monsanto G84737 99218 BrettYoung BY 12‐054 99119 Integra 7152 R 99020 Cargill V12‐1 97921 BrettYoung 6070 RR 97422 Cargill V1050 97223 Monsanto G93765 97024 Monsanto G95585 96725 NDSU 1227 96326 Monsanto G95483 95127 BrettYoung 6040 RR 93728 NDSU 1228 92429 Pioneer 45S54 92330 Pioneer 46S53 90931 Croplan HyClass 988 89432 Fill HyClass 940 87833 Monsanto G08486 86534 Cargill V2045 86235 Cargill V2035 85736 NDSU 1201 85237 Mycogen Nexera 1016 84038 Proseed 45 Caliber 84039 Pioneer 45S52 800

Hybrid (h-119) at 2012 REC-trial – LANGDON

Company Variety Oil YieldCroplan HyClass955 47.4 2486BrettYoung 6070 RR 45.9 2472NDSU h-119 46.3 2432DeKalb DKL70-07 46.6 2381Croplan HyClass988 44.7 2324DeKalb DKL30-42 46.2 2315Mycogen Nexera1012 44.4 2303Croplan HyClass 947 47.5 2258DeKalb (check) DKL72-55 47.3 2215BrettYoung 6040 RR 44.8 2195Pioneer 46S53 46.4 2158Integra 7152 R 46.6 2143 Integra 7150 R 47.4 2117 Pioneer 45S52 45.2 2069DeKalb DKL55-55 48.4 2047Proseed 45 Caliber 44.4 2029Cargill V2035 46.7 1961Trial Mean 46.2 2197

LSD 5% 1.2

Average (2011-2012) REC - Langdon (h-119)

Entry Yield Check Yield Over Ave Hybrid (%)12-EGTHy-18 2450 2071 18.512-EGTHy-71 2534 2184 16.012-EGTHy-74 2573 2223 15.912-EGTHy-45 2447 2145 14.512-EGTHy-73 2626 2338 12.712-EGTHy-13 2519 2236 12.512-EGTHy-280 2579 2308 11.012-EGTHy-240 2734 2351 10.912-EGTHy-266 2485 2289 10.512-EGTHy-38 2528 2300 10.312-EGTHy-75 2620 2440 10.012-EGTHy-221 2558 2340 9.712-EGTHy-168 2398 2228 9.312-EGTHy-4 2355 2153 8.912-EGTHy-40 2518 2313 8.912-EGTHy-42 2342 2152 8.912-EGTHy-159 2384 2227 8.412-EGTHy-68 2394 2217 8.412-EGTHy-279 2466 2280 8.012-EGTHy-276 2396 2200 7.712-EGTHy-93 2553 2336 7.412-EGTHy-31 2298 2168 7.212-EGTHy-19 2498 2321 6.9

RESULTS: 2012 – EGT-Hybrids performanceLoc: 5 of 5 No-Replication

Hybrid checks: DKL72-55, Pioneer 45H26

Entries Yield (lb/a) Check yield Yield over Check Oil(%)12-E-RR-OP-49 2473 2019 22.5 47.512-E-RR-OP-66 1974 1614 22.3 44.012-E-RR-OP-59 2223 2022 9.9 43.212-E-RR-OP-32 1953 1801 8.4 44.812-E-RR-OP-77 1854 1725 7.5 45.612-E-RR-OP-26 1724 1614 6.8 43.612-E-RR-OP-29 1880 1770 6.2 45.212-E-RR-OP-62 1943 1831 6.1 44.912-E-RR-OP-41 2104 2019 4.2 43.912-E-RR-OP-61 2111 2042 3.4 43.812-E-RR-OP-38 1824 1777 2.7 43.712-E-RR-OP-23 2078 2034 2.2 44.812-E-RR-OP-28 1879 1842 2.0 45.712-E-RR-OP-54 1881 1845 1.9 45.112-E-RR-OP-72 1821 1799 1.2 43.312-E-RR-OP-96 2053 2040 0.6 44.812-E-RR-OP-46 1972 1972 0.0 44.512-E-RR-OP-27 1854 1862 -0.4 43.812-E-RR-OP-76 1993 2020 -1.3 44.712-E-RR-OP-7 1640 1871 -12.3 41.1

RESULTS: 2012 – EGT-RR-OP performanceLoc: 3 of 3 No-Replication

Hybrid checks: DKL55-55, Pioneer 45H26

Winter types x Spring typesTotal lines tested in the field = 1350

Full plot test (Prosper + Langdon) = 438

Single row testing (Prosper + Fargo) = 912Entry Yield (lb/a) Check yield Over Check (%) Oil (%)

12-EGT-Conv-L-206 2549 2161 18 45.712-EGT-Conv-L-157 2467 2094 18 46.112-EGT-Conv-L-190 2264 1929 17 42.912-EGT-Conv-L-200 2533 2161 17 44.412-EGT-Conv-L-106 2519 2153 17 45.112-EGT-Conv-L-173 2660 2282 17 42.412-EGT-Conv-L-174 2543 2182 17 40.912-EGT-Conv-L-180 2294 1982 16 44.412-EGT-Conv-L-164 2420 2094 16 44.312-EGT-Conv-L-209 2469 2161 14 46.012-EGT-Conv-L-140 2920 2560 14 44.612-EGT-Conv-L-184 2299 2029 13 43.812-EGT-Conv-L-158 2258 1994 13 44.212-EGT-Conv-L-183 2424 2159 12 45.912-EGT-Conv-L-160 2231 1994 12 44.212-EGT-Conv-L-191 2265 2029 12 43.812-EGT-Conv-L-122 2615 2370 10 40.112-EGT-Conv-L-115 2371 2153 10 42.9

Hyb

rid c

heck

: DK

L 55

-55

• A set of 16 B. juncea accessions with resistance to multiple PGs were identified

Resistance to blackleg in B. juncea population:

Canola Pathology – Summary

• Recorded reaction of 300 B. juncea accessions to isolates of PG-2, 3, T, and 4 in the greenhouse.

• Evaluation was conducted 3 times with every accession having 3 replicates composed of 6 plants each.

• Seedlings were inoculated at cotyledon stage and evaluated two weeks later using a 0 to 9 scale.

• Genomic DNA was extracted once from each accession and screened using 766 DArT polymorphic markers.

• A set of 16 B. juncea accessions with resistance to multiple PGs were identified

Resistance to blackleg in B. juncea population:

• Accessions considered resistant to PG-2 were also resistant to PG-3 while those resistant to PG-T also were resistant to PG-4

Canola Pathology – Summary

• Markers associated with resistance to PG-2 and PG- 3 were identified in the A genome of B. juncea

• No markers associated with resistance to PG-T and PG-4 could be identified. They may be in the B genome of B. juncea