2013 - intercultural-gender-generation lecture.pptx

7/28/2019 2013 - intercultural-gender-generation lecture.pptx

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Remember these guys?

Stormtroopers


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And these guys?

Also, stormtroopers


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Different backgrounds

Different t cultures

Different conclusions

Unfortunate judgments


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Conversationsacross cultures,

genders

and generations


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Across cultures


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1. Cultural background of your family?

2. Characteristics that distinguish it? Food

Courtship

Language

Music

Traditions and customs

Managing relationships

3. Do any aspects of the cultural heritage

manifest themselves in your family today?

What are you and I?


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Hard to pin down Place (e.g. French culture, Midwest culture)

Ethnicity

Religion

Even occupation (e.g. police or military)

The deaf culture

The culture of the rich Your high school (St. Louis only)

College

Culture defined


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Do we have a St. Louis culture?


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1. You've had to switch from heat to AC and back to heat in the same day

2. You know what a pork steak is.

3. Youre tired of hearing about the 1904 worlds fair.

4. Your favorite summer treat is handed to you upside-down

5. Youve tried at least once to imitate Mike Shannon6. You believe toasted ravioli is a food, not a mistake

7. Its not a real wedding reception without mostaccioli.

8. You think Imo's is larger than Pizza Hut.

9. There's a tornado warning and you run outside watching for it.

10. You know what and where Fast Eddies is.

11. You remember what the Veiled Prophet is/was.

12. AND FINALLYyou know that a hometown guy from Ballwin might be

the next Pope!

You know youre from St. Louis if...


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Culture: Learned and shared symbols, language,values and norms that distinguish one group ofpeople from another

Culture learned, not genetic - enculturation

Society: Groups of people who share symbols,

language, values and norms (this is where culturecomes alive)

Time to define ...


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In-group: any cultural group we belong to orfeel a part of

Many prefer to be around their in-groups

Issue of homophily

Out-group: Any and all cultures that we do

NOT belong to, or feel a part of

People often suspicious of other cultures

Suspicion leads to biased stereotyping, then to

discriminatory behavior

We have in-groups and out-groups


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The Irish influx in the 1800s

Catholicism vs. evangelicals

Protestant abolitionists vs. SouthernProtestants in pre-Civil War era

Gay community vs. straightcommunity

South City vs. West County

Culture clashes


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SymbolsLanguage

ValuesNorms

Components of a culture


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Co-cultures: Groups of people within cultureswho share values, customs, norms related to

mutual interest or characteristic

How many cultures do you belong to? By politics

By tech savvy

By hobbies

By ethnicity

By religion

C0-cultures, communities


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While a part of a larger culture, co-cultures can have their own ...

Terminology: 10-4 ... F-stop ... PRN Norms, e.g. client/lawyer privilege

Values, e.g. : Academia and publishing

Customs: Initiation ceremonies for fraternalgroups

C0-cultures, communities


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The British and Americans are

two peoples separated by a commonlanguage.

-- Playwright George Bernard Shaw


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Individualisticfocus on individual vs. groupneeds; self-responsibility

Collectivisticprimary responsibility is to

family, community, employer not self High-contextambiguous language; meaning

comes from facial expressions, tone

Low-contextExplicit communication;meaning of words literal

Cross-cultural communication


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High-power distancemost powerconcentrated in few

Low-power distancepower is allotted more

evenly Masculineambition, achievement, wealth,

favor males in charge

Femininenurturance, quality of life, serviceto others

Mono vs. polychromatictime is acommodity; time is like a flowing river



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Full of opportunities to offend, make mistakes

People have expectations you know their

culture

If possible, learn culture beforehand

Listen carefully then paraphrase

Attend to language, nonverbals

Understand differences in conflict, decision-

making, task completion, disclosure



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Avoid humor, touching Keep it simple

Remember: some words have no equivalent in

the other language Other language has words English does not

Avoid jargon, slang, obscenity

Avoid two-word verbs (e.g. I give up)

Check often to be sure you are understood

And that you understand

Tips, techniques


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Realize there will be differences Will never be easy

Latin cultures want social relationship before

business relationship Eye contacta US norm, but not everywhere else

Other person may know English, but not American

(futbol vs. soccer)

Even same words can mean different things in

different cultures (e.g. Yes vs. hai)

Code words, idioms, jargon always present

Tips, techniques


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Summing up


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Note the change

in background

colors on the

slidespink

and blue, get it?

Turning to gender


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Term comprises influence of gender roles,

a persons biological sex,

and a persons sexual orientation Masculinityan assigned role ... Emphasizes

strength, dominance, competition, logic

Femininityan assigned role, refers toexpressive, nurturing behavior

Androgynycombination of male and femaletraits

Defining gender complicated


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Gender roles can change over time

Leave it to Beaver

Julia

Two-and-a-Half Men

Gender roles can vary among cultures

Norwegian masculinity: modesty, soft-spoken

Japanese masculinity: strength, aggressiveness

Other points about gender roles


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Anatomy, psychological difference, sexual

orientation all affect communication across

genders

Men and women each have own gender

cultures

Women are from North Dakota and men arefrom South Dakota (not Venus and Mars!)

Other factors:


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If dispute arises during playground game ...

Males argue until one side wins the argument

Females bypass the argumentwill quit rather

than argue

Wife says, I have a problem.

She wants to talk, ventshes not looking for asolution

He wants to get it solved, move on

Gender culture


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When couples argue ...

Wife advances

Husband withdraws

Gender culture


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Verbal

Man direct, explicit, aggressive

Woman works to manage the relationship

Non-verbal

Men more likely to touch women than other way

aroundBut women can use touch to put selves in control

Genders communicate differently


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Women more comfortable expressing

emotions to one another

Men less comfortableonly one emotion

they are comfortable expressing.

Emotional communication


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Across generations


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Five generations celebrated Christmas at great-grandma

Marilyn Grants house in Lawrence. Pictured, from left, aregreat-great-grandma Elaine Davison of Lawrence, great-grandma

Marilyn Grant, grandma Ginny Sims of St. Louis mom Dara Baskins

with daughter Klaire, 1, of San Diego, and mom

Melissa Eye with daughter Peyton, 18 months, of Lawrence.


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Across generations

1927-45 --Traditionalists: loyal, hardworking,

disciplines, civic-minded, patriotic

1946-64 -- Boomers: Optimistic , driven,

competitive, career-centered 1965-77 Gen X: Cynical, self-starters,

independent, resourceful, media savvy

1978-84-- Gen Y Edgy, focused on urban style,more idealistic than Gen X

1985-02 Millennials: Tech savvy, raised inaffluence, multicultural


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1. Ageist attitudes, age stereotypes, and

age identity

2. Communication Accommodation

Theory3. Communication Predicament of Aging

(CPA) Model

A dangerous triangle for--

Intergeneration communication


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Characteristics of an older person can act

as cues that trigger age stereotypes

and that patronizing speech is often

produced in response to these stereotypes.

Communication Predicament of Aging

(CPA Model)


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Communication

Predicament

of Aging

(CPA) Model


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Leads to stereotypes

Positive

Perfect grandparent

Grandchildrens advocate

Golden ager

John Wayne

Conservative Activist

Liberalmatriarch/patriarch

Small-town good

neighbor

Negative

Severely Impaired

Shrew/Curmudgeon

Despondent

Recluse

Self-Centered

Mildly Impaired Vulnerable

Elitist


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Communication OVER-accommodation

Loud

Simple words Tend to make them lesser parts of group

conversations

Avoid discussion of anything but the good olddays with them

Under-estimate importance, wisdom of whatthey say

Stereotypes shape our

intergeneration communication

S h


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Readily notice baby-talk, being ignored, or not

being allowed to take part

Blame the victim effectwhen peopleoverhear someone being patronized, they

assume person cognitively deficient in some

way (Hummert & Ryan,2001).

Recipients of patronizing talk evaluate

themselves as less competent. (Kemper and

Harden (1999)

Stereotypes shape

their self-esteem


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They have had many more life experiencesthan you have

They have a better perspective on social,

economic, financial change than you What you write off as ancient history is a

real part of their lives

They are individuals

Stereotyping with seniors, as bad as

stereotyping any other group

Things to remember


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We tend to adjust our speaking style in relationto the other persons style, i.e. weaccommodate (or repudiate)

Convergence: We seek to sound more like them to

increase immediacy, credibility.Divergence: We seek to differentiate our speech

from the other persons speech to create distance,to express disapproval

Across culture, generation, gender

Communication

Accommodation Theory


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Convergence: Increases immediacy (strengthens relationships)

Increases credibility

Makes both speakers more comfortable

Divergence:

Demonstrate youre smarter, more sophisticated

A put-down of the other person

Why do we do this?


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The Bible salesman from Delaware who said

everything in Texas was broken

The Minnesota you betcha!

The African American Yknowwhuhmsayin

The pervasive likein high school, college

The embarrassment of hearing someone try to

sound like someone theyre not Someone my age saying Im down wit that

A New Yorker saying Howdy!

Examples/anecdotes

2013 - intercultural-gender-generation lecture.pptx

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