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Transcript of © 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.saharapcc.skills4success.co/spcc/it/ws2012/Module...
Microsoft Confidential
© 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
Windows Server 2012 Failover Clustering
Module 1: Introduction
Microsoft Confidential
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Microsoft Confidential
What You Will Learn
After completing this module, you will be familiar with the
following:
High availability with Windows Server 2012
Failover clustering history and concepts
Creating a Windows Server 2012 Failover Cluster
What's new in Windows Server 2012
Microsoft Confidential3
Failover Cluster Fundamentals
High availability with Windows Server 2012
Failover clustering history and concepts
Creating a Windows Server 2012 Failover Cluster
Microsoft Confidential4
High Availability With Windows Server 2012
Most service level agreements do not allow for much
downtime
High availability technologies are designed to ensure
minimal downtime
Windows Server 2012 was designed for high availability at
every layer
Microsoft Confidential5
History of Clustering
Microsoft Confidential 6
Operating System Nodes Storage Bus
Windows NT 4.0 Enterprise Edition
Windows 2000, Advanced Server
Windows 2000, Datacenter Edition
Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition
Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition
1-2 SCSI
Windows NT 4.0 Enterprise Edition
Windows 2000, Advanced Server
1-2 Fibre Channel
Windows 2000, Datacenter Edition 1-4 Fibre Channel
Windows Server 2003, Enterprise Edition, x86/x64/IA64
Windows Server 2003, Datacenter Edition, x86/x64/IA64
Windows Server 2008, Enterprise Edition, x86/x64/IA64
Windows Server 2008, Datacenter Edition, x86/x64/IA64
1-8
(1-16 when x64)
(1-16 when x64)
Fibre Channel,
iSCSI or SAS
Windows Server 2008R2, Enterprise x64 Edition
Windows Server 2008R2, Datacenter x64 Edition
1-16 Fibre Channel,
iSCSI or SAS
Windows Server 2012, All Editions 1-64 Fibre Channel,
iSCSI or SAS
Cluster Definition and Benefits
A cluster is a group of independent servers that function as
a single system
Clusters are managed as a single unit
Benefits:
High Availability
Scalability
Reduced Total Cost of Ownership
Microsoft Confidential7
Cluster Definition and Benefits, Continued
Microsoft Confidential8
Failover Clustering Requirements
Hardware must be logo’d
Successful validation
Microsoft Confidential9
Installing Failover Cluster Feature
Install remotely
Use Server Manager
Windows PowerShell
Microsoft Confidential10
Validation
Validates the hardware configuration to determine
suitability for clustering
This is half of your supportability statement
Recommended to run before and after creating a cluster
Microsoft Confidential11
Creating a Failover Cluster
Create a cluster using Failover Cluster Manager or Windows
PowerShell (New-Cluster)
Can use a Distinguished Name format to place CNO in
specific Organizational Unit
Example: CN=2012Cluster,OU=Clusters,DC=Demo,DC=Local
Cluster objects follow cluster nodes in Active Directory
containers
Unless you pre-stage them
Microsoft Confidential12
Testing A Failover Cluster
Cluster validation after cluster has been built
Manually test your Failover Cluster:
Simulate failure action
Drain nodes
Switch off a node to simulate a power failure
Microsoft Confidential13
Lab 1: Create Your Cluster
Time: 1 hour
Microsoft Confidential14
High Availability Vs. Fault Tolerance
A Windows Failover Cluster provides high availability,
NOT fault tolerance
If it was a fault tolerant system – what would never happen
again?
Microsoft Confidential15
Shared Nothing Model and CSV
Physical Disk resources and can be online on only one
node at a time (Shared Nothing model)
Cluster Shared Volumes allow access to a volume by all
nodes in a cluster at the same time
Microsoft Confidential17
Groups and Resources
Resources are the smallest entities in a failover cluster
Resources are put together into Resource Groups
Only Resource Groups can move between nodes
Microsoft Confidential18
Resource Dependencies
Resource dependencies control the online and offline order
of those resources
Resources can be dependent on multiple resources in the
same resource group
Example:
If a Network Name depends on an IP Address, and that IP Address
fails, the Network Name will fail as well
Microsoft Confidential19
Automated Failover of Resources
Resource Monitor tracks resource state with resource
specific tests:
Basic Health Check (LooksAlive)
Thorough Health Check (IsAlive)
First failure triggers a restart of the resource by default
By default, if second restart does not work, the Resource
Group is moved to another node
Microsoft Confidential20
Windows Server 2012 Failover Behavior
Microsoft Confidential21
RESOURCE GROUP
on Node 1
RESOURCE GROUP’s
Preferred Owners list:
Node 1
Node 3
Node 2
Scenario Group with
Preferred Owners
Group without
Preferred Owners
Node
Failure
Group is moved to
the next node in
its failover list,
which consists of
the preferred
owners + group’s
unique order list.
In this case the
next candidate
node would be
Node 3.
Group is moved to a
node with the fewest
groups.
Triggered
Group
Failover
Group is moved to
the next node in its
unique failover list.
AntiAffinityClassNames could be used to identify groups
that shouldn’t be hosted on the same node.
When guest role is a Hyper-V virtual machine and no preferred owners list is set, the
workload is placed depending on nodes’ available resources (primarily memory).
What’s New in Windows Server 2012
New features in Failover Clustering
Microsoft Confidential - For Internal Use Only22
New Features in Failover Clustering
Improved Scalability
Enhanced Hyper-V Integration
Cluster-Aware Updating
New and improved Cluster Validation Tests
Microsoft Confidential23
New Features in Failover Clustering, Continued
Cluster storage improvements
Quorum model improvements
Task scheduler integration
Cluster networking improvements
Microsoft Confidential25
New Features in Failover Clustering, Continued
Resource Hosting Subsystem improvements
Usability improvements
Security
Microsoft Confidential28
Module Review Questions
Other than passing Cluster Validation without errors, what
requirement is there regarding the Failover Cluster
hardware?
Where does the Cluster Name Object get created in your
Active Directory?
Which two resource specific tests does the Resource
Monitor run against all cluster resources?
What is the new Quorum-feature in a Windows Server
2012 Failover Cluster?
Can you name a Cluster storage improvement?
Microsoft Confidential30
Questions?
Microsoft Confidential 6/4/201231
Microsoft Confidential
© 2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.