2011’s DISASTERS ADD TO THE GLOBAL BOOKS OF

KNOWLEDGE ON DISASTER RESILIENCE

Walter Hays, Global Alliance for Disaster Reduction, University of

North Carolina, USA

2011’S DISASTERS TESTED THE RESILIENCE OF MANY COUNTRIES

IMPACTED NATIONS

• Japan, Chile, Australia, Indonesia, Brazil, New Zealand, North and South Korea, Turkey, Thailand, The Philippines, Australia, Mexico, The United States (Texas, Central, East Coast), - - -

2011 showed that a community’s survival depends

more than ever upon its resilience (i.e., the capability to bounce back after a complex

disaster)

2011’s MAIN LESSON

DISASTERS OCCUR WHEN COMMUNITIES FAIL TO ADOPT

REALISTIC POLICIES AND IMPLEMENT BEST PRACTICES TO

PUT ALL FOUR PILLARS OF RESILIENCE IN PLACE

YOUR YOUR COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY

YOUR YOUR COMMUNITYCOMMUNITY

DATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATIONDATA BASES DATA BASES AND INFORMATIONAND INFORMATION

HAZARDS: GROUND SHAKING GROUND FAILURE SURFACE FAULTING TECTONIC DEFORMATION TSUNAMI RUN UP AFTERSHOCKS

•HAZARD MAPS•INVENTORY•VULNERABILITY•LOCATION

RISK ASSESSMENTRISK ASSESSMENT

RISK

ACCEPTABLE RISK

UNACCEPTABLE RISK

ANTICIPATORY ANTICIPATORY DECISIONS DECISIONS

BEST POLICIES AND PRACTICES FOR:•PREPAREDNESS•PROTECTION•RESPONSE & RECOVERY

4 PILLARS OF DISASTER 4 PILLARS OF DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

DISASTER RESILIENCE IS NOT A SOLUTION ON THE BLACK-BOARD

HOW TO FAIL HOW TO FAIL HOW TO FAIL HOW TO FAIL

FACTFACT: NO CITY CAN MOVE TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE : NO CITY CAN MOVE TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE WITHOUT AN INTEGRATED STRATEGY.WITHOUT AN INTEGRATED STRATEGY.

FACTFACT: NO CITY CAN MOVE TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE : NO CITY CAN MOVE TOWARDS DISASTER RESILIENCE WITHOUT AN INTEGRATED STRATEGY.WITHOUT AN INTEGRATED STRATEGY.

NO IMPLEMENTATIONNO IMPLEMENTATIONNO IMPLEMENTATIONNO IMPLEMENTATION

POLICIES POLICIES FOR FOR

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

POLICIES POLICIES FOR FOR

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

CAPACITY CAPACITY FOR FOR

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

CAPACITY CAPACITY FOR FOR

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCE

DISASTER DISASTER RESILIENCERESILIENCEDISASTER DISASTER

RESILIENCERESILIENCE

HOW TO SUCCEEDHOW TO SUCCEEDHOW TO SUCCEEDHOW TO SUCCEED

SOCIALSOCIAL

SCIENCESCIENCE

SOCIALSOCIAL

SCIENCESCIENCE

PHYSICAL PHYSICAL SCIENCESSCIENCESPHYSICAL PHYSICAL SCIENCESSCIENCES

ENGINEERINGENGINEERING

SCIENCESSCIENCES

ENGINEERINGENGINEERING

SCIENCESSCIENCES

SUCCESS:SUCCESS: DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY COMMUNITY SUCCESS:SUCCESS: DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY COMMUNITY DISASTER RESILIENCE IN EVERY COMMUNITY

STRATEGIC GOALSTRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE : WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE CAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITYCAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITY

STRATEGIC GOALSTRATEGIC GOAL: WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE : WORKING TOGETHER TO INCREASE CAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITYCAPACITY IN EVERY SECTOR OF THE CITY

2011’s NOTABLE DISASTERS AND NEAR-

DISASTERS

PLANS FOR

PLANS FOR

DISASTER

DISASTER

RESILIENCE

RESILIENCE

- Perspectives

- Perspectives

On Science, Policy,

On Science, Policy,

And EDUC.

And EDUC.

MONSOON RAIN-TRIGGERED LANDSLIDES KILL AT LEAST

700 IN RIO DE JANEIRO STATE, BRAZIL

ALTHOUGH RAINFALL IN MID-JANUARY IS COMMON, A MONTH’S RAINFALL IN 24

HOURS IS NOT

JANUARY 13-20, 2011

5 MILLION BRAZILIANS LIVE IN HIGH-RISK AREAS

Five million Brazilians live in 500 areas deemed at high risk for landslides and 300 areas at high risk for flooding.

NOVO FRIBURGO: DEBRIS

MONSTER WINTER STORM IMPACTS USA’S MIDWEST

AND NEW ENGLAND STATES

From ice in Texas to more snow in New England

FEBRUARY 1-2, 2011

MONSTER WINTER STORM (FLORIDA IS LOWER RIGHT): FEB 1

CYCLONE YASI STRIKES NORTHERN QUEENSLAND

STATE, AUSTRALIA

CAT 5 monster storm makes landfall with winds gusting to 300 km/hr

FEBRUARY 2-3, 2011

CYCLONE YASI: A TROPICAL DISTURBANCE ON JANUARY 25

WILDFIRES RAGE OUT OF CONTROL IN WEST TEXAS AND TEXAS PANHAMDLE

DROUGHT AND WIND EXACERBATE WILDFIRES, WHICH SCORCH 80,000 -

100,000 ACRES

MARCH 12 - APRIL 11, 2011

WILDFIRE IN TEXAS PANHANDLE

Billowing smoke caused by a wildfire in the Texas Panhandle near Borger, Texas, Sunday, March 12, 2006.

M9.0 TOHOKU EARTHQUAKE/TSUNAMI

IMPACTS JAPAN WITH THE TSUNAMI WAVES REACHING

PACIFIC RIM COUNTRIES4TH LARGEST QUAKE EVER 3

– 10 M TSUNAMI WAVES

2:46 pm MARCH 11, 2011

DISASTER RISKS FACED BY JAPAN DISASTER RISKS FACED BY JAPAN DISASTER RISKS FACED BY JAPAN DISASTER RISKS FACED BY JAPAN

EARTHQUAKES

TSUNAMIS

TYPHOONS

FLOODS

VOLCANIC ERUPTIONS

LANDSLIDES

DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

DEVELOP POLICIES FOR ACTIONS HAVING HIGH BENEFIT/COST FOR DISASTER RESILIENCE

GOAL: REDUCE DISASTER GOAL: REDUCE DISASTER RISK RISK

GOAL: REDUCE DISASTER GOAL: REDUCE DISASTER RISK RISK

TSUNAMI WAVE PATH

PASSENGERS STRANDED: SENDAI STATION

FUKUSHIMA NUCLEAR FACILITY HAD 3 FAILURES

DEVASTATING LANDSLIDE IN THE PHILIPPINES

INDUCED BY HEAVY RAIN

22 MINERS TRAPPED, BUT ONLY 3 DEATHS

2:30 am, GOOD FRIDAY,

APRIL 22, 2011

DEVASTATING LANDSLIDE IN THE PHILIPPINES

SEARCH AND RESCUE

164 TORNADOS IN 24 HOURS IMPACT 7 SOUTHEASTERN

STATES

MS HIT BY EF5 AND AL BY EF4 TORNADOES

OVERALL DEATH TOLL REACHES 350

WEDNESDAY, APRIL 27- THURSDAY, APRIL 28, 2011

TUSCALOOSA, AL: 15TH STREET DAMAGE; APRIL 27, 2011

SAVING DOWNSTREAM CITIES AND REFINERIES ISTHE GOAL AS MISSISSIPPI

RIVER CRESTS IN MEMPHIS AND FLOOD WATERS MOVE

SOUTHWARD

MONDAY, MAY 9, 2011

THE MISSISSIPPI RIVER LOOKING LIKE AN OCEANM NOT A RIVER: MAY 9

WORST SINGLE TORNADO SINCE 1953 STRIKES JOPLIN,

MISSOURI

REGIONAL MEDICAL CENTER TAKES A DIRECT HIT

116 DEATHS; MORE LIKELY

SUNDAY, MAY 22, 2011

WARNING SYSTEMS

• Tornado sirens blared, giving residents10 to 17 minutes of warning; however, rain and hail may have drowned out the sirens.

THE STORM SYSTEM AT 6:20 PM SATURDAY, MAY 21: TOPEKA, KS

THE STORM SYSTEM AT 6:20 PM SATURDAY, MAY 21: TOPEKA, KS

EARLY SUNDAY MORNING: BAD WEATHER

MAY 23: At daybreak, rescue crews were looking at piles of 2,000 damaged buildings,

splintered houses and crushed cars, house after

house reduced to slabs, cars crushed like soda cans, ---

CONTINUED: ---Shaken residents roaming streets in

search of missing family members, fires from gas

leaks burning across town, and more violent weather

looming.

ST JOHNS REGIONAL MEDICAL CEN-TER TAKES DIRECT HIT: JOPLIN, MO

ST JOHNS REGIONAL MEDICAL CEN-TER TAKES DIRECT HIT: JOPLIN, MO

HEAVY DAMAGE ALONG ½ MILE-WIDE - 6 MILE LONG PATH

RECORD FLOODING IN NORTH AND SOUTH KOREA:

MUDSLIDES EXACERBATE DISASTER IN S KOREA

SHARP CONTRAST IN INFORMATION

TUESDAY, JULY 20 - THURSDAY, JULY 28, 2011

CHRONOLOGY OF THE DISASTER

• The heaviest rainfall to impact N and S Korea in a century started on Tuesday, July 20th.

• The Han River, which runs through Seoul, reached its highest point just before dawn on Sunday, July 25th

NORTH KOREA: SATURDAY, JULY 24, 2011

SOUTH KOREA: 100,000 SOLDIERS MOBILIZED FOR SEARCH/RESCUE

FLOODING IN BANKOK, THAILAND AREA

Worst flooding in 50 Years

JULY - OCTOBER, 2011

OVER 370 DEAD AND LOSSES IN EXCESS OF $6

BILLION FROM PROLONGED FLOODING

BANGKOK: A FLOODED BEAUTY SALON

SANDBAGGING: CHAO PRAYA RIVER

IRENE: A $7 BILLION DISASTERNinth Storm and the First Hurricane of the 2011 Atlantic Basin Storm Season

August 21 to August 30

2011

AUG 28: FORECAST OF IRENE’S EXIT

TYPHOON ROKE STRIKES JAPAN

Three Weeks after Typhoon Talas (killed 67), and a M6.6 Earthquake

September 21, 2011

PATH OF TYPHOON TALAS

EARTHQUAKE STRIKES CHRISTCHURCH, NEW

ZEALAND

A SHALLOW (4.1 KM), M6.3 QUAKE LOCATED 5 KM FROM

CHRISTCHURCH (USGS) STRUCK AT NOON ON A WORK DAY

EPICENTRES: SEPT 2010 AND FEB 2011 EARTHQUAKES

THE SHALLOW, 20 KM (12 MILE) DEEP, SMALLER EARTHQUAKE

WAS MUCH MORE DESTRUCTIVE THAN THE DEEPER, LARGER

EARTHQUAKE

M7.2 EARTHQUAKE STRIKES VAN PROVINCE IN EASTERN TURKEY

600 DEAD

1:41 PM (6:41 AM EDT), OCTOBER 24, 2011

COLLAPSED BUILDINGS: TABALANI

GAMALAMA ERUPTS IN INDONESIA

eruption began at 11:00 PM

Extensive Mudflows Triggered

DECEMBER 4, 2011

1715-M-HIGH VOLCANO GAMALAMA