20110517 cultural models
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Transcript of 20110517 cultural models
tellus communications 2011
25.00
38.75
52.50
66.25
80.00
Germany India Germany India
PDI LTO
Cultural Models 1
1Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
" Culture hides more than it reveals and strangely enough what it hides, it hides most effectively
from it’s own participants. Years of study have convinced me that the
real job is not to understand foreign culture but to understand
our own. "
Dr. Edward T. Hall (1914 - 2009)
Hofstede Model | cultural dimensions
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2Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Culture
EXPLICIT
MESSAGECULTURE MESSAGE EXPLICIT MESSAGE
Hall Model | high & low context
CULTURE MESSAGE
culture
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3Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Analog Digital
Verbal Nonverbal
Direct Indirect
Implicit Explicit
Word oriented Picture oriented
Hall Model | high & low context
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4Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Do come to the point. I need to get back with
a decision by four o’clock.
In the circumstances it would seem to be inappropriate to offer more than a general
description of the decision we have reached any sooner than
this afternoon. However, it might be prudent to capture the essence of that decision
relatively soon.Messaging: Low context, high context5
5Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Hall Model | chronemics
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6Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
I’m afraid I can’t fit a meeting in today. This morning it’s my
weekly team meeting. Then I’ve planned two hours’ work on the
budget. I could see you tomorrow at 11 o’clock,
between a visitor who leaves at 10:45 and a scheduled lunch
appointment.
Don’t worry about the timing. Just come when you’re ready. I have a few things going
on at the moment, but I’m sure we can always squeeze in a discussion of your problem.
Time: clock or relationship? 7
7Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Hall Model | proxemics
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8Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Hall Model | proxemics 9
9Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Hall Model | proxemics 10
10Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
" Culture is more often a source of conflict than of
synergy. Cultural differences are a nuisance at best and
often a disaster."
Prof. Geert HofstedeEmeritus Professor of Organizational
Anthropology and International Management, Maastricht University
Hofstede Model | cultural dimensions
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11Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Value Definition Hofstede dimension
1 Identity Relationship between the individual & the group
Individualism vs. Collectivism
2 Hierarchy Degree of inequality between people that is assumed to be natural
Power Distance
3 Gender Role distribution between the genders Masculinity vs. Femininity
4 Truth How to cope with the unpredictable Uncertainty avoidance vs. uncertainty tolerance
5 Virtue Choice between the present or the future
Long-term vs. short-term orientation
Hofstede Model | cultural dimensions
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12Friday, May 20, 2011
20
40
60
80
100
PDI IDV MAS UAI LTO
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THE HOFSTEDE MODEL │ UNITED STATES
13Friday, May 20, 2011
30
40
50
60
70
GER F R A ITA SPA POL SWE GB
THE HOFSTEDE MODEL │ POWER DISTANCE INDEX
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14Friday, May 20, 2011
50
60
70
80
90
GER FRA ITA SPA POL SWE GB
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THE HOFSTEDE MODEL │ INDIVIDUALISM VS. COLLECTIVISM
15Friday, May 20, 2011
0
17.5
35.0
52.5
70.0
GER FRA ITA SPA POL SWE GB
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THE HOFSTEDE MODEL │ MASCULINITY/ FEMININITY
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20
40
60
80
100
GER FRA ITA SPA POL SWE GB
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THE HOFSTEDE MODEL │ UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE INDEX
17Friday, May 20, 2011
12.500
19.375
26.250
33.125
40.000
GER FRA ITA SPA POL SWE GB
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THE HOFSTEDE MODEL │LONG /SHORT TERM ORIENTATION
18Friday, May 20, 2011
That was a very useful discussion, Nick, we’ve
made a lot of progress. Thanks for
coming.
I don’t care how you do it, just let have the results. I’m busy too,
you know.
Masculinity/ Femininity
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19Friday, May 20, 2011
It’s up to me. I’m going to get this contract
signed before the end of the week, whatever
else happens.
We don’t seem to be pulling together.
Perhaps some of our support team have
been pressured by this project.
Individualism / Collectivism
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20Friday, May 20, 2011
She’s the boss, so what she says is fine by me.
I’m going to have a word with my manager to say why I think that
isn’t reasonable.
Power Distance Index
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21Friday, May 20, 2011
We’ll have to look carefully at this plan. It
has implications for our investment
program.
We’ll get some quick returns out of this,
especially if we put a lot of money into it.
Long Term/ Short Term Orientation
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22Friday, May 20, 2011
This is a very unconventional
approach. It will put us under a lot of strain,
and we have no guarantee it will work.
We haven’t done this before, certainly there are a few risks, but it’s a great opportunity to
break new ground.
Uncertainty Avoidance Index
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23Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
The Trompenaars Model
“I believe understanding our own culture and our own assumptions and expectations about how people ‘should’ think and act is the basis for success.”
Dr. Fons Trompenaar
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24Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
CULTURES │ corporate25
25Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
The Trompenaars Model
Cultures distinguished by their solutions to dilemmas.
1. Those which arise from our relationships with other people.
2. Those which come from the passage of time.
3. Those which relate to the environment.
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26Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Universalismvs.Par.cularism Whatismoreimportant‐rulesorrela1onships?
Individualismvs.Communitariansim Dowefunc1oninagrouporasanindividual?
Specificvs.Diffusecultures Howfardowegetinvolved?
Affec.vevs.Neutralcultures Dowedisplayouremo1ons?
Achievementvs.Ascrip.on Dowehavetoproveourselvestoreceivestatusorisitgiventous?
Sequen.alvs.synchroniccultures Dowedothingsoneata1meorseveralthingsatonce?
Internalvs.Externalcontrol Dowecontrolourenvironmentorworkwithit?
The Trompenaars Model | cultural dimensions 27
27Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011The Trompenaars Model | exercise
A 1. Each team member is given a specific area of responsibility and a number of rewards if he/she meets them.
2. Rewards won by meeting targets are to be divided amongst the team.Individualism/ Communitarianism
B 1. Brainstorming sessions are used as a way to get started on new problems.
2. Each member is proud of their ability to stick to target times and results. Specific/ Diffuse
C 1. Team meetings stress the need for discipline and self-control, even in stressful situations.
2. Meetings tend to be noisy. Sometimes thy are confrontational, sometimes friendly.
Neutral/ Affective
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28Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
D 1. At meetings all items must be concluded with a clear decision before moving on.
2. At meetings different issues are dealt with at the same time, often illustrating common elements between the different issues.
Sequential/ SynchronicE 1. Team members keep a low profile with outside bodies until
implementation phase. 2. Team members work to change attitudes in the community and other
companies. Inner/ Outer
F 1. Decisions are often taken according to precedent and usual company procedure.
2. Calls are frequently made for new solutions to what are often new problems.
Universalism/ Particularism
G 1. Talent is spotted quickly within the team and promoted to positions of responsibility.
2. Reputations, based on background, social status and contacts, count for a lot when appointing people to posts of responsibility.
Achieved/Ascribed29
29Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
Trompenaars│Cultural Dilemmas
1 A colleague has just given a carefully planned presentation on a proposed reorganization. At the end, another colleague leans over and says ‘Bullshit’.
Individualism/ Communitarianism2 Your team meeting is running late. It is 5:30 and you have promised your partner you will pick up the children from their after-school activity. What do you do?
3 Your boss works so hard he never takes a holiday. He is beginning to look tired and is less efficient than usual. Do you say anything?
4 You have scheduled some regular team meetings for next year. One member of your team tells you he can’t make it to the one in June, saying ‘You see, in the first week in June I always take my mother to the coast.’
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30Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
INCUBATORFulfillment-
oriented
GUIDED MISSLEProject-oriented
FAMILYPerson-oriented
EIFFEL TOWERRole-oriented
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tellus communications 2011
“Father knows best” e.g. Japan amae – love between
people of different ranks
“Father knows best” e.g. Japan amae – love between
people of different ranks
FAMILYPerson-oriented
e.g. Greece, Italy, Japan, Singapore, S. Korea, SpainHC, diffuse.
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32Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
INCUBATORFulfillment-
oriented
GUIDED MISSLEProject-oriented
FAMILYPerson-oriented
EIFFEL TOWERRole-oriented
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33Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
INCUBATORFulfillment-
oriented
GUIDED MISSLEProject-oriented
FAMILYPerson-oriented
EIFFEL TOWERRole-oriented
34
34Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
INCUBATORFulfillment-
oriented
GUIDED MISSLEProject-oriented
FAMILYPerson-oriented
EIFFEL TOWERRole-oriented
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35Friday, May 20, 2011
tellus communications 2011
CULTURES │ professional36
36Friday, May 20, 2011